The ant tribe Tetramoriini (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). The genus Tetramorium Mayr in the Malagasy region and in the New World.
Author
Bolton, B.
text
Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology
1979
38
129
181
http://atbi.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/reference-full.html?id=6435
journal article
6435
Tetramorium caespitum (L.)
(Figs 37, 49)
Formica caespitum L., 1758: 581
. Holotype female, Europe (' in Europae tuberibus') (holotype not in Linnean Society collection, London).
Tetramorium caespitum (L.)
; Mayr, 1855: 426.
Tetramorium caespitum var. immigrans Santschi, 1927: 54
. Syntype workers, Chile: Valparaiso (Miss Edwards) (probably in NM, Basle; not seen). Syn. n.
Myrmica (Myrmica) brevinodis var. transversinodis Enzmann, 1946: 47
, figs 1, 2. Holotype worker, _ U. S. A.: Massachusetts, Dedham (in private coll. J.
Enzmann
; not seen). [Synonymy by Brown, 1949: 47; also Creighton, 1950: 291.]
Worker. With the group characters given above; the head densely and finely longitudinally rugulose everywhere. Spaces between rugulae with feeble ground sculpture, mostly shining. Head without unsculptured patches, without reticular or rugoreticular sculpture. Dorsal alitrunk longitudinally rugulose but on the posterior portion of the propodeal dorsum the rugulae being replaced by fine reticulatepunctate sculpture. Dorsal surfaces of petiole and postpetiole finely sculptured but each with a smooth
median
area or smooth median longitudinal strip. First gastral tergite unsculptured. Metanotal groove impressed in profile, the propodeal spines usually slightly longer than their basal width, but sometimes represented only by a pair of broadly triangular teeth. Pubescence of hind tibiae short and fine, decumbent to appressed.
During this study I have examined specimens from Massachusetts, New York and Pennsylvania, all falling within the range given by Creighton (1950). The
var. transversinodis
of
Enzmann
, noted above, is accepted as an absolute synonym of
caespitum
without question for, although I have not seen the holotype, the figures and description fit the species very well.
The status of
var. immigrans
is a little more dubious. It was first recorded from Chile by
Santschi
(1922) as
T. caespitum
but later he described it as
caespitum var. immigrans
(1927), both records being based on the same specimens from Valparaiso. Snelling & Hunt (1975) in their review of the Chilean ant fauna note the 1922 record but state that they had seen no material in their survey. Under these circumstances I think it best to assume that the Chilean record represents a casual introduction and to refer
immigrans
to the synonymy of
caespitum
. Sporadic introductions of
caespitum
in the neotropics are probably uncommon but I have seen material originating in Belize and Mexico during the course of this investigation.