Catalogue of Cuban fossil and subfossil birds Author Suárez, William text Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 2022 2022-03-11 142 1 247 248 journal article 303162 10.25226/bboc.v142i1.2022.a3 298e164c-f86e-4b3e-b3b3-2562d0ba6048 2513-9894 13760932 4C9216EC-E822-4CC7-A163-6E96CFB3078F 17. † Buteogallus borrasi (Arredondo, 1970) Borrás’s Hawk (Gavilán de Borrás) Aquila borrasi Arredondo, 1970a (part), Cienc. Biol. Univ. Habana (4)8: 3. Aquila borrasi : Arredondo 1970a: 3 (part). Aquila borraιsι : Acevedo González et al . 1975 : VIII (typographical error). Aquila sp. : Fischer 1977: 214 . Sarcoramphus sp. : Acevedo-González & Arredondo 1982 : table 1. Titanohierax borrasi : Olson & Hilgartner 1982: 28 (part). Sarcoramphus sp. ?: Arredondo 1984: 9 . Aquila sp. : Arredondo 1984: 12 . Titaniohierax borrasi : Milberg & Tylberg 1993: 243 ( lapsus calami ). Sarcoramphus ? sp.: Suárez 2000a: 120 . Tytanohierax borrasi : Vergara 2003: 454 ( lapsus calami ). Aquila borrage : Newton 2003: 267 ( lapsus calami ). ‘ Aquila ’ borrasi : Suárez 2004a: 121 . Buteogallus borrasi : Suárez & Olson 2008: 289 . Buteogallus borras : Hunt & Lucas 2018: 285 ( lapsus calami ). Aguila borrasi : Orihuela 2019: 60 ( lapsus calami ). History .— 27 March 1959 : B. Patterson (MCZ, in litt . to O. Arredondo) reports a large eagle identified in the Cuban material sent to him for study ( Arredondo 1964: 21 ). 1961 : first published notification in Cuba about the presence of an extinct eagle on the island ( Arredondo 1961: 20 ; see Arredondo 1964: 19 , 21, 90). February 1968 : Noel González Gotera and Arredondo collect the holotype in a cave deposit in western Cuba ( Arredondo 1970a: 2 ). January 1970 : original description of Aquila borrasi published ( Arredondo 1970a ), based on a composite type series including material at MCZ ( Arredondo 1970a: 3–4 , see Gigantohierax suarezi ). 5 August 1982 : species transferred to the extinct genus Titanohierax Wetmore ( Olson & Hilgartner 1982: 28 ) . December 2000 : first record in Cuban asphalt deposits ( Iturralde-Vinent et al . 2000 : table 2). 13 December 2002 : two large specimens of the type series included in the original description of Gigantohierax suarezi ( Arredondo & Arredondo 2002a ). April 2004 : generic position of Titanohierax borrasi questioned by Suárez (2004a: 124) . 2008 : Borrás’s Hawk redescribed on basis of additional fossil material and reassigned to Buteogallus ( Suárez & Olson 2008: 289 ) . Holotype .—Left tarsometatarsus lacking distal end, DPUH 1250 ( Arredondo 1970a: 4 , fig. 1 [anterior], 1971: 96, fig. top left unnumbered: A, centre [anterior], 1976: fig. 3 [anterior]). Collected 11 February 1968 by Noel González Gotera and Oscar Arredondo at the type locality ( Arredondo 1970a: 4 ), in a place known as ‘Bolsón de los Huesos del Salón del Depósito’ (see Acevedo González et al . 1975: 16 , 18, figs. 4–5). Other material .— Phalanges : pedal phalanx, OA 674 (1000B), at CZACC ( Arredondo 1970a: 15 , fig.5*: C [lateral], D [dorsal]); ungual phalanx, digit IV , SEC P-32, at MCZ ( Arredondo 1970a: 4 , fig. 5*: B [lateral]); ungual phalanx, digit IV , OA 675 (1000A), at CZACC ( Arredondo 1970a: 14 , fig. 4 [lateral]). Three specimens , a femur and two ungual phalanges, formerly paratypes of ‘ Aquila ’ borrasi , represent Gigantohierax suarezi (see ‘History’ and ‘Notes’). Other material mentioned in the original description at MCZ ( Arredondo 1970a: 2 , fig. 3: B [lateral], C [lateral], see Olson & Hilgartner 1982: 28 ), need re-evaluation. Type locality .—Cueva del Túnel ( YTU ), c . 3 km south-east of La Salud, municipality of Quivicán, Mayabeque [formerly La Habana ] province, Cuba ( Arredondo 1970a: 4 , see Acevedo González et al . 1975: 18 ). Fig. 7 . Distribution .—Cave, asphalt and sinkhole deposits in west and central Cuba (see Appendix). Artemisa . Caimito: ACP ( Arredondo 1970a: 4 [‘ Aquila borrasi sp. nov. ’ (part), see ‘Notes’]; 1972a: table 1 [‘ Aquila borrasi ’ (part)], 1972c: table 1 [‘ Aquila borrasi ’ (part)], 1975: 151 [‘ Aquila borrasi ’ (part)], 1984: 11 [‘ Aquila borrasi ’ (part)], 12 [‘ Aquila sp. ’], Suárez & Olson 2008: 290–291 , fig. 1: A = tarsometatarsus [anterior], fig. 2: A = humerus [anconal], B = ulna [palmar], fig. 3: C = tarsometatarsus [anterior], Arredondo & Arredondo 2002a : table 1 [‘ Titanohierax borrasi ’]), ASA ( Suárez 2000b : table 1 [‘ Titanohierax borrasi ’], Suárez & Olson 2008: 291 , fig. 3: E = tibiotarsus [anterior], Arredondo & Arredondo 2002a : table 1 [‘ Titanohierax borrasi ’]). Bauta: ALA ( Fischer 1977: 214 [‘ Aquila sp. ’], Arredondo 1984: 12 [‘ Aquila sp. ’], Suárez & Olson 2008: 291 ). La Habana . Boyeros: HCI ( Arredondo 1984: 9–10 [‘ Sarcoramphus sp. ?’, reidentified by Suárez 2001b: 110, as ‘ Titanohierax borrasi ’, fig. 1* = ulna: A [internal], B [external], C [distal], see section III, Suárez & Olson 2008: 291 ). Mayabeque . Quivicán: YTU = type locality ( Arredondo 1970a: 3–4 [‘ Aquila borrasi sp. nov. ’], 1971: 96 [‘ Aquila borrasi ’], 1972a: table 1 [‘ Aquila borrasi ’], 1975: 154 [‘ Aquila borrasi ’], Acevedo González et al . 1975: 18 [‘ Aquila borrasi ’], Arredondo 1976: 175 [‘ Aquila borrasi ’], Suárez & Olson 2008: 291 ), YIN ( Suárez & Olson 2008: 291 ), YBL ( Suárez & Olson 2008: 291 , fig. 2 = tibiotarsus [anterior]). San José de las Lajas: YCI ( Jiménez Vázquez & Valdés Ruiz 1995: 62 [‘ Titanohierax borrasi ’], Rojas Consuegra et al . 2012: 6 , 10 [‘ Titanohierax borrasi ’], Suárez & Olson 2008: 291 ), YCC ( Jiménez & Orihuela 2021: 169 ). Matanzas . Martí: MLB ( Iturralde-Vinent et al . 2000 : table 2 [‘ Titanohierax borrasi ’], Suárez & Olson 2008: 291–293 , Suárez & Olson 2009b , fig. 1: C = tarsometatarsus [anterior], Suárez 2020a: 16–17, fig. 8 = tarsometatarsus: A [anterior], B [posterior], C [proximal], D = tarsometatarsus [posterior], E = tibiotarsus [anterior], F = idem [distal], G = digit I, phalanx 1 [plantar], H = ungual phalanx, digit II [lateral]). Villa Clara . Corralillo: VSM ( Suárez & Olson 2008: 293 ). Sagua La Grande: VHC ( Suárez & Olson 2008: 293 ). Sancti Spíritus . Yaguajay: SPF ( Arredondo 1984: 12 [‘ Aquila sp. ’], Suárez & Olson 2008: 293 ). Jatibonico: SPL ( Aranda et al . 2017: 115 [on p. 118 as ‘ Buteogallus sp. ’], fig. 1E = digit I, phalanx 1 [ventral], Martínez-López 2019 : fig. 5f–g = digit I, phalanx 1: f [ventral], g [dorsal]). Figure 7. Cueva del Túnel ( YTU ), Quivicán, western Cuba. Type locality of † Buteogallus borrasi (Arredondo) and † Tyto noeli Arredondo. Direct 14 C dating .—None. For dating of other bird species at MLB, see Antigone cubensis , Gymnogyps varonai and Ornimegalonyx oteroi , and of associated extinct mammals ( Parocnus browni = 11,880 ± 420 to 4,960 ± 280 years 14 C BP), see Jull et al . (2004) and Steadman et al . (2005) . Notes .—The commonest extinct Accipitridae in Cuban fossil deposits ( Suárez 2004a , Suárez & Olson 2008 , Suárez 2020a). Originally described in Aquila Brisson ( Arredondo 1970a ), transferred to Titanohierax Wetmore ( Olson & Hilgartner 1982 ) , and finally redescribed under Buteogallus ( Suárez & Olson 2008 ) , this is an extinct eagle-size hawk with general morphology resembling the living B . urubitinga J. F. Gmelin, 1788 , but c .33% larger. Material from CCM identified by Wetmore (1928: 3–4) as Geranoaetus melanoleucus (Vieillot, 1819) probably is this species (Suárez 2020a: 17, see section II). Arredondo (1984: 11) commented about some femora from PPD (see also Arredondo 1976: 175 ) that ‘parecen corresponder a esta especie’ [‘seem to correspond to this species’]. I have found no evidence, until now, of large Accipitridae at this locality. The paratype ungual phalanx, digit I, GEC unnumbered, at CZACC, from ACP (see Arredondo 1970a: 4 , figs. 5*A, 9* [not figures of SEC P-31, contra Arredondo & Arredondo 2002a: 9 ], table 2), is re-identified herein as Gigantohierax suarezi , based on its size and characters. Material recorded as ‘ Titanohierax cf. T . gloveralleni ’, from Crab Cave, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands ( Morgan 1994: 479–480 , fig. 22.5A = mandible [dorsal]), seems to represent one of the large, extinct species of Buteogallus now known from Cuba , including Borrás’s Hawk ( Suárez 2004a , Suárez & Olson 2008 , 2021 ).