After seventy-seven years Ptiloneuropsis Roesler (Psocodea: Psocomorpha: Ptiloneuridae) ceases to be a monotypic genus: a new species from Bahia, Brazil Author Neto, Alberto Moreira Da Silva Author García Aldrete, Alfonso N. Author Rafael, José Albertino text Zootaxa 2018 2018-03-06 4388 4 567 574 journal article 30588 10.11646/zootaxa.4388.4.8 8bb486cb-88a9-4945-9486-dbdf26e717d9 1175-5326 1189158 FFCD6B03-B017-4EC2-B6BC-7C3C837EFEC0 Ptiloneuropsis diamantina n. sp. ( Figs 1–19 ) Diagnosis. Differing from P. immaculata Roesler in having forewing M with four to six primary branches; hindwing M with three to four primary branches; hypandrium posteriorly bilobed, bearing mesally an almost elliptic protuberance in which the anterior ends of the side struts fit ( Figs 7–9 ); mesal sclerite of the phallosome boomerang shaped; anterior ends of side struts dilated, bent downwards; anterior pair of endophallic sclerites irregular, globose; lateral pair of endophallic sclerites, long, stout, long, anteriorly acuminate, widening to end, with a small acuminated projection on inner margin; posterior pair of endophallic sclerites sinuous, posteriorly shaped like a bird’s head; external parameres long, proximally slender, widening posteriorly, blunt ended, bearing pores on distal fourth. Female subgenital plate triangular, ninth sternum long, anteriorly straight and slightly concave posteriorly, with sclerotized areas as illustrated. FIGURE 1. Ptiloneuropsis diamantina n. sp. Male holotype. Side view. Scale in mm. Male ( Fig. 1 ). Color (in 80% ethanol). Compound eyes black, ocelli hyaline, with ochre centripetal crescents ( Fig. 2 ). Scape pale yellow, pedicel pale brown, f1–f3 distally pale brown with apex white. Mx4 pale yellow. Legs with coxae, trochanters, femora, tibiae and tarsomere 1 pale yellow, tarsomeres 2–3 pale brown. Forewings almost hyaline ( Fig. 3 ); veins brown, each with a pale brown spot distally at wing margin, pterostigma with small pale brown spots anteriorly and posteriorly. Hindwings ( Fig. 4 ), almost hyaline, veins brown, each with a pale brown spot distally at wing margin. Morphology. As in diagnosis, plus the following: Compound eyes without interommatidial setae ( Fig. 2 ). Outer cusp of lacinial tip broad, with four denticles ( Fig. 5 ). Forewing pterostigma elongate, constricted proximally, widest in the middle. Forewing M before its first bifurcation concave in the middle, of six primary branches ( Fig. 3 ; see also variation of the male and female paratypes below). Hindwing M with four primary branches ( Fig. 4 ). Epiproct almost semi-circular, with a group of three mesal setae, other setae as illustrated ( Fig. 6 ). Paraprocts broadly elliptic, sensory fields with 33 trichobothria on basal rosettes, setae as illustrated ( Fig. 6 ). Hypandrium ( Fig. 8 ) of one sclerite, almost straight anteriorly, wide and almost rectangular basally, posteriorly bilobed, bearing mesally an almost elliptic protuberance in which the anterior ends of the side struts fit (see Figs 7– 9 ). Phallosome ( Fig. 9 ) with side struts independent, anteriorly wide and weakly sclerotized, narrowing posteriorly, distally heavily sclerotized, curved outwards and not fused to external parameres. Mesal sclerite wide, with a small convex area on antero-lateral corners. Three pairs of endophallic sclerites. FIGURES 2–6. Ptiloneuropsis diamantina n. sp. Male holotype. 2. Front view of head. 3. Forewing. 4. Hindwing. 5. Lacinial tip. 6. Clunium, right paraproct and epiproct. Scales in mm. Measurements (in microns). FW: 4481, HW: 3133, F: 1189, T: 2161, t1: 928, t2: 72, t3: 113, f1: 960, f2: 973, f3: 859, Mx4: 229, IO: 354, D: 377, d: 293, IO/d: 1.2, PO: 0.77. Female. Color (in 80% alcohol). Essentially as in the male. Morphology. As in diagnosis, plus the following: Compound eyes without interommatidial setae ( Fig. 10 ). Outer cusp of lacinial tip broad, with two small denticles ( Fig. 13 ). Forewing M before its first bifurcation slightly concave in the middle. M of four primary branches with M4 forked, resulting in M4a and M4b ( Fig. 11 ). Hindwing M with three primary branches ( Fig. 12 ). Subgenital plate broad; pigmented area wide along sides and posterior border; setae as illustrated ( Fig. 14 ). Ninth sternum ( Fig. 15 ) broad, with two distinct areas, an anterior area almost trapeziform, with a V shaped area in the middle, with a deep cleft, weakly sclerotized, with strongly pigmented curved borders; posterior area almost rectangular, with two lines, almost parallel, strongly pigmented on each side. Gonapophyses: v1 long, slender, heavily sclerotized; v2 +3 stout, with pointed proximal heel, narrow anteriorly and wider in the middle, with five setae on outer lobe as illustrated, distal process slender and distally acuminate ( Fig. 15 ). Epiproct triangular, setae as illustrated ( Fig. 16 ). Paraprocts broad, almost triangular, sensory fields with 28 trichobothria on basal rosettes; setae as illustrated ( Fig. 16 ). FIGURES 7–9 . Ptiloneuropsis diamantina n. sp. Male holotype. 7. End of abdomen in side view. 8. Hypandrium. 9. Phallosome. Abbreviations: EPH = Elliptic protuberance of hypandrium; AESS = Anterior ends of the side struts. Scales in mm. FIGURES 10–16. Ptiloneuropsis diamantina n. sp. Female paratype. 10. Front view of head. 11. Forewing. 12. Hindwing. 13. Lacinial tip. 14. Subgenital plate. 15. Ninth sternum and gonapophyses. 16. Clunium, right paraproct and epiproct. Scales in mm. FIGURES 17–19. Variation of the forewing M vein in males paratypes of Ptiloneuropsis diamantina n. sp. Scales in mm. Measurements (in microns). FW: 4567, HW: 3186, F: 1275, T: 2170, t1: 935, t2: 78, t3: 127, f1: 980, f2: 987, Mx4: 266, IO: 448, D: 337, d: 233, IO/d: 1.92, PO: 0.69. Variation of paratypes . 1 male with left forewing M vein five branched, with M5 branched resulting in M5a and M5b, with the bifurcation originating closer to the wing margin than to the main M ( Fig. 17 ), right forewing M vein as in the holotype ; 1 male with right forewing M vein five branched, with M5 branched resulting in M5a and M5b and with the bifurcation originating closer to the main M than to the wing margin ( Fig. 18 ), left forewing M vein as in the holotype ; 1 male with left and right forewing M vein five branched and without secondary branches ( Fig. 19 ) and 1 male with right forewing M vein five branched, with M5 branched resulting in M5a and M5b and with the bifurcation originating closer to the wing margin than to the main M and left forewing M vein five branched without secondary branches. Etymology. The specific name refers to the Chapada Diamantina region, in the Brazilian state of Bahia , where the specimens were found. Material examined. Holotype male ( MZFS ). Brazil . Bahia . Chapada Diamantina. Piatã. Cachoeira do Patrício , 13°05'13''S : 41°51'10''W . 07.XII.2013 . Light trap . Leg. Menezes , E. Paratypes : 2 males ( MZFS ), same data as the holotype , 1 female ( MZFS ) same data as the holotype , 2 males ( INPA ) same data as the holotype .