The genus Cyphoderopsis Carpenter (Collembola: Paronellidae) in Thailand and a faunal transition at the Isthmus of Kra in Troglopedetinae Author Jantarit, Sopark Author Satasook, Chutamas Author Deharveng, Louis text Zootaxa 2013 3721 1 49 70 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.3721.1.2 d9159fd2-66d7-46dc-8ddd-0f9777c9fb1a 1175-5326 285105 935F1F1B-F09B-4BD0-A102-8FE8515CDC04 Cyphoderopsis cavicola sp. nov. ( Figs 7 , 8 ) Type material (point C 2 in Fig. 1 ). Holotype female and eight paratypes (one female, seven specimens probably subadult or female adult, genital plate not seen clearly) mounted on slides. THAILAND : Surat Thani province: Phanom district: Tham Khao Phang, 23.vii.1987 , in cave, by hand, L. Deharveng leg. (sample # THA-SUT-012). Coordinates: 98.819618°E , 8.949173°N ; altitude about 25 m . Holotype female and four paratypes deposited in PSU, four paratypes in MNHN. Description. Habitus relatively stout. Body length 1.0– 1.6 mm excluding antennae and furca. Lengths of body parts in Table 4 . Fourth abdominal segment 5–6 times as long as the third one along axis. Furca well developed, 2.0–2.1 times shorter than body. Body colour white. Eyes absent, no ocular patch. Scales present on antennae, head, body and furca, absent on ventral tube. TABLE 4. Cyphoderopsis cavicola sp. nov. , measurements in µm from a subadult paratype (# THA-SUT-012, slide 09); body length includes head.

Body	Head	Ant.	Ant.I	Ant.II	Ant.III	Ant.IV	Th.II	Th.III
1535	414	736	93	186	143	314	207	107
Abd.I	Abd.II	Abd.III	Abd.IV	Abd.V	Abd.VI	Man	Dens	Mucro
75	75	75	400	93	89	375	300	64

Mouthparts . Mandible head with 4 (left) and 5 (right) teeth. Maxilla head stocky, with tridentate claw and 6 ciliate lamellae. Labial basis chaetotaxy: M1M2ReL1l2, all mesochaetae, except l2 which is laterally displaced and mic-size, with R shorter than M2 and e smooth ( Fig. 7 A). Outer maxillary lobe with one basal chaeta, a simple palp and two sublobal hairs. Labral formula 4/554, with 4 prelabral chaetae bent and ciliate, labral chaetae smooth and acuminate; distal part of labrum adorned with two strong central pointed spines dorsally (like in Fig. 2 E) and a complex structure constituted of two asymmetrical combs and two small adjacent bent rods ventrally, as in C. thachana sp.nov. (like in Fig. 5 C). Antennae . Antennae about 1.7 times as long as head. Scales present dorsally on Ant.I and II. Ordinary chaetae as ciliate mes, numerous on all antennal segments ( types 1, 2, 4 on Fig. 7 B), and a few smooth basal mic on Ant.I, II and III ( type 11 on Fig. 7 B). S-chaetae of various morphology, present on all antennal segments ( types 3, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13 on Fig. 7 B). Types 5 and 6 may correspond to smooth and to very slightly serrated variants of a same type of chaeta. Ant.III organ well differentiated, typical for Entomobryoidea, but associated to many sens ( Fig. 7 E). Ant.IV not subdivided or annulated, apical bulb absent, subapical organ rather long, thick, slightly thickened distally; dorsally with numerous ciliate mes and smooth, erected and acuminate short chaetae, ventrally with a larger diversity of chaetae ( Figs 7 C, D). Dorsal chaetotaxy . Dorsal chaetae of 6 types : ciliate, very long and thin tric; serrated or ciliate mac, of various length and thickness; smooth and rather thin mes; modified mes around tric (enlarged with special morphology); sens of 2 types : dark, pointed (like type 1 on Fig. 3 A); longer, thinner, hyaline (like type 2 on Fig. 3 A). Trichobothria formula 0, 0/0, 2, 3, 3. Macrochaeta formula 0/3, 0/0, 2, 4, 4 (or 5?). Dorsal pseudopore formula 1, 1/1, 1, 1, 1+4. Dorsal chaetotaxy similar to that of C. phangnga sp. nov. , except on Th.II ( Fig. 7 F). No dorsal mac on head except an antenno-basal row of 6–8 mac on each side; cephalic mes short, feebly serrated, equal, most fallen. A pair of thin trichobothria-like chaetae present antero-laterally on head (as on Figs 3 B, C). Thin serrated mes present on all tergites in uncertain number. Th.II with 3+3 central mac ( Fig. 7 F) and 2+2 antero-lateral sens (1+1 sens1 and 1+1 sens2). Th.III without mac; sens not seen. Abd.I without mac, with 1+1 sens1. Abd.II with 2+2 tric, 1+1 mac external to internal tric, 1+1 mac external to external tric, and several modified mes around tric; sens not seen. Abd.III with 3+3 tric, 4+4 mac (1+1 near internal tric, 3+3 near postero-external tric), several modified mes around tric; only 1+1 sens1 detected. Abd.IV with 3+3 tric (2+2 anterior, 1+1 postero-lateral), 4+4 mac (1+1 anterior to pseudopores, 1+1 near T2, 1+1 near T3, 1+1 posterior) and several mac external to the anterior trichobothrial complex T1-T2; several modified mes around T1 and T2; presence of short to medium-size chaetae, not easily assignable to mes or S-chaetae. Abd.V with 2+2 sens2. Abd.VI chaetotaxy not analyzed. FIGURE 7 . Cyphoderopsis cavicola sp. nov. (A) Chaetotaxy of basal area of labium, right side; (B) Different types of antennal chaetae (see text for chaeta type numbering); (C) Dorsal side of Ant.IV, right side; (D) Ventral side of Ant.IV, right side; (E) Organite of Ant.III, left side; (F) Chaetotaxy of Th.II (macrochaetae and S-chaetae). Legs . Tibiotarsus chaetotaxy mostly composed of large ciliate mesochaetae, finely ciliate chaetae internally, 2– 3 shorter dorsal ciliate mes (1/5 of the long ones), one thick smooth ventro-subapical chaeta on hind tita, a dorsoapical tenent hair thin, smooth and acuminate on all tita; and two smooth pointed dorsal mic, the distal one close to the tenent hair; distal row of 10 serrated chaetae arranged obliquely on all legs ( Fig. 8 A). Claw slender distally, 6.5–8.2 times shorter than tita, with 1 tooth at 50% of inner edge, a small dorsal tooth basally, and a pair of inner basal teeth of unequal size ( Fig. 8 A). Unguiculus pointed, narrow, lanceolate and elongate, half as long as claw, its external edge smooth ( Fig. 8 A). Trochanteral organ with 13–14 erected, straight, pointed but not spiniform chaetae Ventral tube . With 3+3 long serrated mac anteriorly and both ciliate (≥2) and smooth (≥8) mes on each lateral flap ( Fig. 8 C); posteriorly with 3–4 long smooth mes distally and a symmetrical pattern of normal and short ciliate mes ( Fig. 8 D). FIGURE 8. Cyphoderopsis cavicola sp. nov. , continued, (A) Foot complex and distal part of tibiotarsus III; (B) Trochanteral organ; (C) Antero-lateral side of ventral tube; (D) Postero-lateral side of ventral tube; (E) Mucrodens; (F) Female genital plate. Furca . Tenaculum with 4 teeth on each branch and a strong, densely serrated, bent distally chaeta. Manubrium about 1.1 times longer than mucrodens. Dens 4.4–4.7 times as long as mucro ( Fig. 8 E). Manubrium with dorsal ciliate mes (none smooth) arranged in two longitudinal stripes separated by a glabrous axial stripe; ventrally with oval scales and a distal group of 2–3+2–3 ciliate mes. Dens elongate, hairy, with 2 dorso-lateral rows of spines, with asymmetries; the external row with 12 (subadult) to 16–18 (adult) thick serrated spiny chaetae blunt apically, the internal row with 17 (subadult) to 22–28 (adult) spines, subequal, pointed, smooth, shorter than the external ones ( Fig. 8 E). Dorsally between the two spine rows, one (distally) to 3 (proximally) irregular lines of ciliate chaetae of various length. Scales on ventral and ventro-lateral sides of dentes, arranged in multiplets of 3–4 scales, more visible distally. Scales elongate, enlarged distally, of various morphology (as on Fig. 4 G). Mucro rather stout and rather long, straight with 3 main teeth, the apical one blunt, the subapical one small, the dorso-basal one acute and longer, with 1–5 toothlets basally ( Fig. 8 E). Genital plate . Female genital plate with 2+2 mic ( Fig. 8 F); no males observed. Occurrence . Only known from type locality. Habitat . Cave. Cyphoderopsis khaophang sp. nov. and Willemia nadchatrami Yosii 1959 , a widespread tropical guanobite, were found in same cave as C. cavicola sp. nov. Etymology . The species was named after its habitat from Latin stems cav- (hole) and col- (to dwell). Remarks . Among other Cyphoderopsis species, C. cavicola sp. nov. is similar to C. khaophang sp. nov. from the same cave, but can be clearly differentiated from it in two adaptive characters: loss of the upper uneven tooth of inner edge of claw and tibiotarsal tenent hairs acuminate ( versus clavate). Other differences between the two species and other blind species of the kempi group of Cyphoderopsis are listed in Table 5.