Pectinoidea (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Propeamussiidae, Entoliidae and Pectinidae) from the Austral Islands (French Polynesia) Author Dijkstra, Henk H. Zoological Museum, University of Amsterdam, Mauritskade 61, NL- 1092 AD Amsterdam (The Netherlands) h. h. dijkstra @ uva. nl dijkstra@uva.nl Author Maestrati, Philippe Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Évolution UMR 7138 Exploration de la Biodiversité case postale 51, 57 rue Cuvier, F- 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) maestrat @ mnhn. fr maestrat@mnhn.fr text Zoosystema 2010 2010-06-30 32 2 333 358 http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n2a6 journal article 8098 10.5252/z2010n2a6 e5f0fd86-cd64-4bc7-a687-728b198598cb 1638-9387 4521132 113CCB66-22A4-4C60-A020-5E275120D24E Cyclochlamys australensis n. sp. ( Fig. 3 A-E) TYPE MATERIAL. — Rapa. Atelier RAPA stn 32,Vavai, 27°35’S , 144°23’W , 15-20 m , holotype spm ( MNHN 21379). — Same data, paratypes , 17 spm ( MNHN 21380), 4 spm ( ZMA Moll. 4.09.013), 2 spm ( NMNZ M.287779). TYPE LOCALITY. — Austral Islands, Rapa Island, Vavai, 27°35’S , 144°23’W , 15-20 m (Atelier RAPA stn 32). ETYMOLOGY. — From the Austral Islands. OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Rapa. Atelier RAPA, stn 4, 27°34.3’S , 144°22.1’W , 18 m , 1 spm, 3 lv , 1 rv. — Stn 5, 27°05.6’S , 144°18.5’W , 8 m , 13 spms, 3 lv . — Stn 6, 27°36.8’S , 144°16.7’W , 42 m , 4 spms, 1 lv , 1 rv. — Stn 8, 27°36.5’S , 144°17.7’W , 52-57 m , 3 spms, 80 lv , 1 rv. — Stn 9, 27°37.3’S , 144°22.2’W , 3-24 m , 8 spms, 13 lv , 1 rv. — Stn 11, 27°37.2’S , 144°18.2’W , 2 m , 10 spms, 8 lv , 10 rv. — Stn 21, 27°34.2’S , 144°20.6’W , 5 m , 2 spms. — Stn 22, 27°33.9’S , 144°21.7’W , 18-22 m , 3 spms. — Stn 25, 27°38.4’S , 144°18.9’W , 3 m , 23 spms, 7 lv , 3 rv. — Stn 28, 27°38.4’S , 144°20.6’W , 30 m , 9 spms, 2 lv . — Stn 30, 27°38.2’S , 144°18.2’W , 16-20 m , 1 spm, 4 lv . — Stn 31, 27°38.2’S , 144°18.2’W , 6 m , 13 spms, 1 lv . — Stn 33, 27°34.8’S , 144°18.6’W , 30 m , 4 spms, 4 lv . — Stn 36, 27°33.5’S , 144°20.8’W , 27 m , 1 spm, 1 lv . — Stn 41, 27°36.3’S , 144°22.7’W , 5 m , 3 spms, 15 lv , 6 rv. — Stn 43, 27°36.8’S , 144°18.3’W , 45 m , 42 lv , 5 rv. — Stn 44, 27°36.3’S , 144°18.2’W , 30 m , 2 spms, 22 lv , 4 rv. — Stn 47, 27°36.7’S , 144°19.1’W , 33 m , 18 lv . — Stn 48, 27°34.1’S , 144°22.1’W , 36 m ,> 100 valves. — Stn 61, 27°37’S , 144°18.6’W , 10-15 m , 2 lv . — Stn 98, 27°34.8’S , 144°22.8’W , 16-18 m , 6 lv , 2 rv. DISTRIBUTION. — Austral Islands, alive at 3-52 m depth. DESCRIPTION Shell up to c . 1.80 mm high, nearly circular to strongly oblique, inequivalve, inequilateral (valves sometimes strongly deformed), left valve more inflated than right valve, higher than wide, translucent or opaque whitish. Left valve disc and auricle sculpture commencing immediately by irregularly spaced very weak antimarginal threads, multiply on disc by intercalation. Prominent commarginal lirae (sometimes nearly lacking) with irregularly arranged nodules (also lacking) commence at c . 0.8 from the umbonal margin, more widely spaced on the central part ( c . 0.2 mm) of the disc than near the ventral margin ( c . 0.1 mm). Auricles gradually modulated into disc. Right valve disc and ventral half of posterior auricle with outer layer of commarginally elongate, hexagonal prisms that form broad, flexible ventral apron. Anterior auricle with 1-3 weak nodulifer radial threads. Byssal notch moderately deep. Dimensions of holotype : H 1.7 mm, W 1.5 mm, D 0.8 mm. REMARKS Many specimens are strongly deformed, perhaps due to their life in microcavities, made possible by their very small adult size. Cyclochlamys australensis n. sp. differs from Cyclochlamys favus ( Hedley, 1902 ) , from the South-West Pacific ( Dijkstra 1995a: 40 ), by having a smaller size ( C. australensis n. sp. 1.8 mm, C. favus 4.0 mm in height), a more prominent commarginal sculpture on the left valve (commarginal lirae with nodules in C. australensis n. sp. , smooth or a few commarginal growth lines in C. favus ). Cyclochlamys australensis n. sp. also differs from Cyclochlamys obliqua ( Hedley, 1902 ) , from the same geographical range as C. favus ( Dijkstra 1995a: 40 ) , by having a smaller size ( C. obliqua is 4.6 mm in height), a more widely spaced commarginal sculpture and a weaker and more closely spaced irregular intercalated radial sculpture. Cyclochlamys incubata ( Hayami & Kase, 1993 ) , from southern Japan , also has nodules on the commarginal lirae of the left valve, but these are only placed on the intersections of the commarginal and radial sculpture (irregularly arranged in C. australensis n. sp. ). Moreover, this radial sculpture is much more prominent than in C. australensis n. sp. Recently Dijkstra & Marshall (2008) named several new Cyclochlamys species from the New Zealand region. A few species have a similar size and shape, but all differ from C. australensis n. sp. by the sculpture of the left valve.