Systematics and integrative taxonomic revision of the tribe Scopulini Duponchel, 1845 in Iran (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Sterrhinae) Author Wanke, Dominic State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Entomology, Rosenstein & D- 70191 Stuttgart, Germany. & University of Hohenheim, Systematic Entomology (190 n), Garbenstr. 30, D- 70599 Stuttgart, Germany. Author Hausmann, Axel SNSB-ZSM, Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Münchhausenstr. 21, D- 81247 Munich, Germany. Author Lee, Kyung Min Finnish Museum of Natural History, Zoology Unit, University of Helsinki, P. O. Box Author Murillo-Ramos, Leidys Grupo Biologi ́ a Evolutiva, Department of Biology, Universidad de Sucre, Sincelejo, Sucre, Colombia. Corresponding author. Author Sihvonen, Pasi Finnish Museum of Natural History, Zoology Unit, University of Helsinki, P. O. Box Author Rajaei, Hossein State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Entomology, Rosenstein & D- 70191 Stuttgart, Germany. text Zootaxa 2023 2023-10-24 5359 1 1 96 https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5359.1.1/52094 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5359.1.1 1175-5334 10147920 11CC5175-7CCE-453F-88EB-3490E82F4972 Scopula chalcographata ( Brandt, 1938 ) ( Plate 9 , Figs 9–10; Plate 20 , Fig. 1; Plate 27 , Fig. 3; Map 13) Glossotrophia chalcographata Brandt, 1938 . Entomologische Rundschau, 55 (49): 574. Syntypes ♁, ♀ ( Iran , Fort Mian-Kotal ) (NHRS, examined). Glossotrophia chalcographata sinaica Rebel, 1948 . Zeitschrift der Wiener Entomologischen Gesellschaft , 32 (5–7): 57. Holotype ♀ ( Egypt : Wadi Feran ) (TMB). Valid at subspecific rank. Type material examined. Paratypes 1 ♁, 1 ♀ , Iran , Fars , Strasse Chiraz– Kazeroun , Fort Mian-Kotal , ca. 2000 m , 7.-10.v.1937 , coll. Brandt , (♁) NHRS-LEPI 000010181, g. prep. 10875, ( ♀ ) NHRS-LEPI 000010180, g. prep. 10874; in NHRS . Additional material examined: 147 ♁/ ♀ (see appendix). Diagnosis. Wingspan ♁ ♀ 18–25 mm . In Iran , Scopula chalcographata can externally be confused only with S. diffinaria , S. orbeorum and S. sacraria , but these species could be easily diagnosed based on their genitalia characters. In the male genitalia 8th sternite, with right ceras of medium size, left ceras short (sternite, with polymorphic cerata, cerata short or right ceras long and slender, left ceras short or both cerata long in S. diffinaria ; sternite, with both cerata of medium size in S. orbeorum ; basally strongly elongated, both cerata long and narrow in S. sacraria ) (see Plate 19 , Figs 2–4; Plate 20 , Figs 1–3). In the female genitalia lamella antevaginalis with a large sub-rectangular sclerite (with a large squared sclerite in S. diffinaria ; S. orbeorum and S. sacraria ). Antrum with long sclerite, posteriorly strongly notched (long sclerite, posteriorly notched in S. diffinaria and S. orbeorum ; with long and narrow sclerite, posteriorly notched in S. sacraria ) (see Plate 26 , Fig. 6; Plate 27 , Figs 1–5). Phenology. Bivoltine species in the Levant and the Arabian Peninsula ( Hausmann et al. 2020 ). Investigated specimens in Iran were collected from March to June. Biology. Larva feeding on Silene and Gypsophila ( Caryophyllaceae ) ( Hausmann et al. 2016b ; Hausmann et al. 2020 ). Habitat. In Israel at altitudes from - 400 m to 200 m , and to 1000 m in Jordan ( Hausmann et al. 2020 ). Investigated specimens in Iran were collected from 60 m to 2800 m . Distribution. Distributed across Transcaucasus, from eastern Egypt to Jordan , Israel and the Arabian Peninsula ( Viidalepp 1996 ; Hausmann et al. 2020 ). In Iran distributed in the north-eastern and south-eastern parts (Map 13). Reported in the literature also for the provinces Bushehr , Fars , Hormozgan , Kerman , and Sistan-o-Baluchestan ( Brandt 1938 ; Brandt 1939 ; Brandt 1941 ; Reisser 1958 ; Kouznetsov 1959 ; Wiltshire 1980 ; Viidalepp 1996 ; Lehmann et al. 2009 ). DNA-barcoding. Nearest species: S . uberaria with 3.3 % (see Supplementary Table S1). MAP 13. Distribution pattern of Scopula chalcographata in Iran .