First representatives of the stonefly genus Perlomyia and the beaded lacewing genus Isoscelipteron from the Upper Miocene of France (Plecoptera: Leuctridae and Neuroptera: Berothidae), with biogeographical considerations Author Boderau, Mathieu 0000-0003-3067-077X Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, CP 50, 45 rue Buffon 75005 Paris, France mathieuboderau@gmail.com Author Ngo-Muller, Valerie 0000-0002-9456-6667 Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, CP 50, 45 rue Buffon 75005 Paris, France vngomuller@gmail.com Author Nel, André 0000-0002-4241-7651 Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, CP 50, 45 rue Buffon 75005 Paris, France anel@mnhn.fr text Zootaxa 2024 2024-07-15 5481 1 131 140 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5481.1.8 journal article 299971 10.11646/zootaxa.5481.1.8 1f5f39c9-63c9-4838-ab70-cef9388a710f 1175-5326 12742772 C1DC50E5-B45B-4161-8D0C-BAB786F66316 Perlomyia cantalensis sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: A122D4A3-1FED-400A-863F-D107AB4D4A6C Figs 1–4 Material. Holotype IF-STR-0104 (a complete body, with leg fragments, a forewing and a broken hind wing, which is not surprising because these insects are especially fragile), provisionally housed in the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle , Paris , France . Etymology . Named after the Cantal department of France . Locality and horizon . Latest Miocene, diatom paleomaar, Sainte-Reine (quarry of Foufouilloux, Virargues village), near Murat, Cantal, France . Diagnosis. Wings infuscate; hind wing ra-rp crossvein located slightly basad to fork of RP; cerci without visible expansion, sternite IX elongate but relatively short, not extending below the male genitalia. FIGURE 1. Perlomyia cantalensis sp. nov. , holotype IF-STR-0104. Photograph of general habitus. Scale bar = 2 mm. Description. Body dark brown, 6.5 mm long; wings infuscate. Head 0.8 mm long, 0.6 mm wide; antennae and mouthparts not discernable. Thorax 1.5 mm long, 1.2 mm wide; fragments of legs unpreserved except for a complete detached leg, showing second tarsomere shorter than first and third tarsomeres. Forewing 8.0 mm long, 2.3 mm wide; area between ScP and costa 0.1 mm wide; ScP 4.1 mm long, simple; R/RA straight; RP separating from RA 1.2 mm from wing base, at same point where M separates from R; RP with two long straight branches, separating 2.8 mm distad of base of RP, without crossvein in-between; crossvein between RA and RP aligned with distal vein between ScP and RA; M forked 2.0 mm from its base, without crossvein between its branches; branches of RP and of M anteriorly curved; eight oblique crossveins between M and CuA; 10 oblique crossveins between CuA and CuP; CuA simple, nearly straight with a weak posterior curve at its apex; branches of PCu sigmoidally curved, with a very small basal cell in-between, anal vein very short. Hind wing 6.3 mm long, ca. 1.9 mm wide; ScP 2.5 mm long, simple; RP with two long simple branches; ra-rp crossvein located slightly basad to fork of RP; crossvein m-cu distad of fork of Cu; three anal veins. Abdomen 4.2 mm long, 0.8 mm wide; cerci without visible expansion, sternite IX elongate but relatively short, not extending below the male genitalia. Remark . The pattern of the forewing venation of this fossil is nearly identical to that of the extant genus Leuctra Stephen, 1836 , supporting an attribution to the family Leuctridae . More precisely, it belongs to the Leuctridae because of the following characters: needle-like habitus, absence of gills, absence of X-patterned crossveins in forewings, second tarsal segment shorter than first and third segments, in forewing CuA simple, and antero-distal cell lacking a crossvein (Béthoux et al. 2015, Chen & Du 2018 ; Chen & Liu 2022 ). FIGURE 2. Perlomyia cantalensis sp. nov. , holotype IF-STR-0104. Photographs. A, forewing. B, leg. Scale bars = 2 mm (A), 1 mm (B). The new fossil is unlikely to fit in the monogeneric subfamily Megaleuctrinae with Megaleuctra Neave, 1934 . This genus is characterized by large body size (about 15 mm ) and the presence of six anal veins in hind wing, vs. only three in the new fossil ( Ham & Bae 2002 ). The male sternite IX of the new fossil is strongly produced as in Perlomyia ( Ricker, 1943 ) . The veins RP and M of forewing with a common origin is a character of the new fossil only present in the extant genus Perlomyia (Needham & Claassen, 1925: pl. 32, fig. 5; Nelson & Hanson, 1973 ), unlike in Leuctra , Pachyleuctra Despax, 1929 , Calileuctra Shepard & Baumann, 1995 , Paraleuctra Hanson, 1941 , Pomoleuctra Stark & Kyzar, 2000 , Zealeuctra Ricker, 1952 , Moselia Ricker, 1943 , Despaxia Ricker, 1943 , Rhopalopsole Klapálek, 1912 , Tyrrhenoleuctra Consiglio, 1957 (replacement name for Strobiella Klapálek, 1901), † Baltileuctra Chen, 2018 , † Euroleuctra Chen, 2018 and † Palaeopsole Caruso & Wichard, 2011 (all from Baltic amber, Eocene) ( Klapálek 1912 ; Ricker 1943 , 1952 ; Consiglio 1956 , 1957 ; Berthélemy 1968 ; Shepard & Baumann 1995 ; Shimizu 2000 ; Stark & Kyzar 2000 ; Caruso & Wichard 2011 ; Chen 2018a ,b). FIGURE 3. Perlomyia cantalensis sp. nov. , holotype IF-STR-0104. Photograph of hind wing. Scale bar = 2 mm. FIGURE 4. Perlomyia cantalensis sp. nov. , holotype IF-STR-0104. Reconstruction of terminalia.. Scale bar = 1 mm. Furthermore, the new fossil strongly differs from Pomoleuctra in the structure of the branches of PCu that are sigmoidally curved and with a very small basal cell in-between in the new fossil vs. simply posteriorly curved with a broad cell in-between in the latter ( Stark & Kyzar 2000 ). Calileuctra differs from the new fossil in the branches of PCu distally fused and not sigmoidal and in the presence of only three crossveins between M and CuA in forewing ( Shepard & Baumann 1995 ). Tyrrhenoleuctra and † Baltileuctra also have only three-four such veins ( Consiglio 1956 ). Moselia and Despaxia are excluded because the crossvein m-cu is distad of the fork of Cu in hind wing in the new fossil (vs. proximad). In † Baltileuctra the ra-rp crossvein is located distally to the fork of RP in forewings but basal to it in hind wing, a character uncommon among Leuctridae ( Chen & Liu 2022: 652 ) . In the new fossil, the hind wing ra-rp crossvein is also located slightly basad to the fork of RP, while in the extant Perlomyia , the hind wing ra-rp crossvein is located opposite the fork of RP ( Nelson & Hanson 1973 ). † Baltileuctra has very long cerci, unlike the new fossil. The new fossil has simple cerci, its sternite IX is relatively short, while the extant species have a longer sternite IX and/or cerci with expansions ( Frison 1936 ; Kawai 1967 ; Nelson & Hanson 1973 ; Zhiltzova 1974 , 1975 ; Shimizu 2000 ; Sivec & Stark 2012a ,b; Murányi et al. 2014 ; Murányi & Hwang 2017 ; Nakamine 2022 ).