Review of the Inca irroratus species group with description of two new species of Inca LePeletier & Serville, 1828 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Cetoniinae) Author Sousa, Rafael 3A67BC42-1B90-4D6C-A1EA-EB40FA131EA6 Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Nazaré 481, Ipiranga, 04263 - 000 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. rafael.souza1988@gmail.com Author Seidel, Matthias 4DD9F954-99BB-49E9-AF45-D35E6D8903E3 Centrum für Naturkunde, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146, Hamburg, Germany. matthias.seidel@uni-hamburg.de text European Journal of Taxonomy 2021 2021-04-30 748 1 15 35 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.748.1335 journal article 7100 10.5852/ejt.2021.748.1335 04bf840b-8ba9-4059-8190-f2454630a714 2118-9773 4736129 AB54CD6A-B757-4E5A-8EB3-B9B466B74639 Inca irroratus Chevrolat, 1833 Figs 1K–O, R , 2I–L, O , 3C, F , 5 Ynca irrorata Chevrolat, 1833 : unpaginated . Inca irroratus Burmeister & Schaum, 1840: 380 . Inca burmeisteri Burmeister, 1847: 568 . Syn. nov. Differential diagnosis Inca irroratus can be distinguished from the other two species of the group by: females with clypeus bearing a medial rounded fovea (fovea absent in I . axeli sp. nov. and I . neglectus sp. nov. ); medial tooth well developed (almost indistinct in I . neglectus sp. nov. ); clypeal horns in males with dorsolateral tooth short and rounded (long and acute in I . axeli sp. nov. and I . irroratus ); pronotum with posterior angles rounded (acute in I. axeli sp. nov. and I . neglectus sp. nov. ) and lateral margin slightly sinuous and deeply crenulated (strongly sinuous and shallowly crenulated in I . axeli sp. nov. and I . neglectus sp. nov. ); posterior tooth of protibia short and rounded (long and acute in I . axeli sp. nov. and I . neglectus sp. nov. ); epipleuron with irregular and rounded marks on median area (indistinct marks in I . axeli sp. nov. and I . neglectus sp. nov. ); outer distal process of parameres short and slightly rounded (long and acuminated in I . axeli sp. nov. ; long and rounded in I . neglectus sp. nov. ) (see Table 2 ). Material examined Neotype of Inca irroratus (here designated) BRAZIL Rio de Janeiro 1 ♂ ; “Rio. Jan. [Rio de Janeiro], Fry; 7517, Fry Coll. 1905-100.”; BMNH . Lectotype of Inca burmeisteri (here designated) BRAZIL Rio de Janeiro 1 ♂ ; “Bras. [Brasil], Bske [Bescke] leg., Burmeisteri *, Besck, LECTOTYPE , Inca burmeisteri , Burmeister, 1847 , des. Sousa & Seidel 2020”; MLUH . Paralectotypes of Inca burmeisteri BRAZIL Rio de Janeiro 1 ♂ , 2 ♀♀ ; same collection data as for I. burmeisteri lectotype ; MLUH . Additional material BRAZIL Rio de Janeiro 1 ♀ ; Nova Friburgo , Mury ; 1200 m a.s.l. ; Apr. 1999 ; R. Rajs coll., “Coleção E & P. Grossi”; UFRPE 1 ♂ ; “Rio. Jan. [ Rio de Janeiro ], Fry, Ynca burmeisteri Burm , irroratus (Oliv) Burm ; Brasilia, Fry Coll. 1905-100”; BMNH . Type locality Rio de Janeiro , Brazil . Redescription Male BODY ( Fig. 1K–M ). Total length including clypeal horns 43–47 mm ( neotype : 44 mm ); width across humeri 18–19 mm ( neotype : 18 mm ). COLOUR. Reddish brown; dorsal surface with metallic reflections; legs and meso- and metathoraX with reddish brown bright colour ( Fig. 1K–M, R ). HEAD. Surface of frons with reddish brown waxy secretion; clypeal horns with inner dorsal carina weak, anterior area gradually interrupted at apex; dorsolateral tooth short and rounded ( Fig. 1R ). THORAX. Lateral margin of pronotum slightly sinuous and deeply crenulated; lateromedial area with grooved fovea; longitudinal groove shallow; posterior angles rounded ( Fig. 1K–M ); anterior prosternal process evenly rounded, projected and densely setose in median area. Scutellar shield punctate in anterolateral area. Elytra with light yellow waxy maculae covering all surface; epipleuron with irregular and rounded marks on median area ( Fig. 3F ). LEGS. Posterior tooth of protibia short and rounded ( Fig. 3C ). Mesempodium with 2 setae. ABDOMEN. Fovea of sternite VII slightly marked. Disc of pygidium densely punctate, lateral area with well-defined punctures. TERMINALIA. Aedeagus: outer distal process of parameres short and slightly rounded ( Fig. 1N–O ). Female BODY ( Fig. 2I–K ). Length 44.0– 48.5 mm ; width across humeri 18.0– 19.5 mm . Disc of clypeus with large and rounded fovea below process of posteromedian area ( Fig. 2O ). Distribution Brazil : Rio de Janeiro State (Nova Friburgo) ( Fig. 5 ). Fig. 5. Distribution map of species of the Inca irroratus group. Remarks The holotype of I. irroratus cannot be found in the Muséum national d’histoire naturelle (Paris, France ) or in the Natural History Museum (BMNH, London, United Kingdom ) and we therefore consider it lost. The description by Chevrolat is rather general and does not allow to precisely identify the species. According to Chevrolat, the species is “bearing a very short median horn preceded by the transverse carina”, a combination of characters none of the two species in question possess. Females exhibit an elevated carina on the head only in one species ( Fig. 2O ), whereas the other ( Fig. 2N ) only possesses a cone-shaped tubercle. None of the species have a horn. Additionally, based on the illustration of the type of I. irroratus by Gory & Percheron (1833) , which lacks carina and horn, the female has a strongly crenulated pronotal margin and a medial tooth in the clypeal margin. To fiX the identity of I. irroratus , we designate a male neotype (conspecific with females possessing the aforementioned characters) from BMNH ( Fig. 1K–O, R ) from the type locality (Rio de Janeiro). Not knowing the exact number of syntypes and their depositories and to guarantee nomenclatural stability, we designate a male lectotype for I. burmeisteri from the syntype series deposited in MLUH. The lectotype of I. burmeisteri is conspecific with I. irroratus , and therefore I. burmeisteri becomes a junior synonym. For I. irroratus sensu Burmeister (1847) , see the description of I. neglectus sp. nov.