Systematics of Sparganothoides Lambert and Powell, 1986 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Sparganothini)
Author
Kruse, James J.
Author
Powell, Jerry A.
text
Zootaxa
2009
2009-07-06
2150
1
1
78
https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2150.1.1
journal article
10.11646/zootaxa.2150.1.1
11755334
5311432
12.
Sparganothoides lugens
(Walsingham)
Figs. 18
,
45
,
72
Sparganothis lugens
Walsingham 1913: 223
.
Sparganothoides lugens
;
Powell 1986: 376
;
Powell et al. 1995: 149
;
Brown 2005: 564
.
Diagnosis
. The dark brownish gray forewing, with distinct basal/subbasal, median, and subapical fasciae, distinguishes this species from its congeners. The unusual shape of the valva is also distinct.
Description
.
Male
.
Head
: Frons with white-tipped gray to brownish gray scales produced into a weak hood; vertex roughened, with white-tipped gray to brownish gray scales. Labial palpus pale brownish gray mesally, white-tipped gray to brownish gray scales laterally. Antennal scaling gray to dark gray.
Thorax
: Dorsum smooth scaled, gray to brownish gray. Forewing length
8.1–9.2 mm
(= 8.5; n = 9). Forewing lacking costal fold; interfascial regions pale gray, gray, and brownish orange, distinct basal/subbasal median and subterminal fasciae dark grayish brown, well defined at costa, slightly weakened toward dorsum; dark grayish brown transverse strigulae throughout subterminal and terminal areas. Fringe pale orange to yellowish white. Hindwing gray, with dense gray mottling throughout in some specimens.
Abdomen
: Genitalia (
Fig. 18
; slide #JAP3175; EME;
Mexico
,
Veracruz
,
1 mi
W Fortín; n = 7) with uncus long, slender, uniform in width, elbowed at nearly 90° angle at two-thirds distance from base, with long setae dorsally, long lobes laterally and subapically, small setae on lobes ventrally; tegumen raised, squarish at base of uncus; socius rounded posteriorly, secondary arms long, slender, abruptly angled near middle, enlarged apices asymmetrically bilobed, mitten-shaped, thumb portion narrow, widening distally; transtilla sclerotized, straight, spines short, numerous over most of posterior margin, lacking median lobe; valva elongate, subrectangular, without sclerotized crease, costa curved, sacculus sinuate, pulvinus absent; phallus pistol-shaped, aedeagus tapered and slightly curved, shorter than phallobase, attenuate apically, attached to juxta by strongly sclerotized process; cornuti with minute spine near base.
Female
.
Head, Thorax
: Essentially as described for male. Forewing length
8.8–11.1 mm
(= 10.1; n = 10).
Abdomen
: Genitalia (
Fig. 45
; slide #JAP3152; NMNH;
Mexico
,
Oaxaca
,
Salina Cruz
; n = 5) with papillae anales parallel-sided, subtriangular posteriorly; sterigma narrow, strongly sclerotized ventrally, concave anteriorly, weakly bilobed; ductus bursae short, widening anteriorly; corpus bursae large, irregularly rounded; signum ca. three times as long as wide, simple, curved, weakly bilobed, blunt at apices.
Type material
.
Holotype
: Female:
MEXICO
:
VERACRUZ
: Jalapa, [no date],
M. Trujillo
(
BMNH
).
Paratypes
(2M).
MEXICO
:
VERACRUZ
:
Jalapa
, [no date] (1 M; lacking abdomen), [no collector] (
BMNH
), [no date] (
1♂
), [no collector] (
NMNH
)
.
Additional specimens examined
(
10♂
,
11♀
).
COSTA RICA
:
PUNTARENAS
:
Monteverde
,
8–10.vi.1986
(
2♀
), J.
Chemsak
& H.
Katsura
(
EME
)
,
1400 m
,
29–31.iii.1992
(
1♀
), S.
McCarty
& J.
Powell
(
EME
)
.
MEXICO
:
OAXACA
:
Salina Cruz
, [no date] (
2♀
), W.
Schaus
(
NMNH
)
.
VERACRUZ
:
Jalapa
, [no date] (
1♂
,
1♀
), M.
Trujillo
(
BMNH
)
,
[no date] (
1♂
), M.
Trujillo
(
NMNH
)
.
Orizaba
, [no date] (
1♂
),
W. Schaus
(
NMNH
)
.
N.
Chocoman
,
30.vii.1966
(
1♀
),
O. Flint
&
Ortiz
(
NMNH
)
.
1 mi
W Fortín
,
25.xii.1963
, collected as larva on “misc. leaves”, reared on lettuce, emgd.
20.ii.1964
(
1♂
), C.
O’Brien
(
EME
)
.
4 km
SW Fortín
,
900 m
,
12.viii.1990
(
1♂
), J.
Doyen
(
EME
)
.
Río Metlec
,
Fortín
de las
Flores
,
15.viii.1987
(
1♂
),
J. Brown
(
EME
)
.
Near Huatusco
,
25–26.vii.1965
(1 F),
O. Flint
&
Ortiz
(
NMNH
)
.
Near San Andres
,
5 km
W Jalapa
,
1600 m
,
19.viii.1987
(
2♀
), J.
Brown
& J.
Powell
(
EME
)
.
Las Minas
,
SE Las Vigas
,
18.viii.1987
(
1♀
),
J. Doyen
(
EME
)
.
Coscomatepec
,
1.viii.1975
(
1♂
), T.
Taylor
(
LACM
)
.
5 km
S Coscomatepec
,
8.vi.1991
(
1♂
), J.
Chemsak
(
EME
)
.
6 km
S Coscomatepec
,
1370 m
,
12.viii.1987
(
2♂
), J.
Brown
& J.
Powell
(
EME
)
.
Immature stages
. One small larva was found in December by C.W. O’Brien feeding on “miscellaneous leaves” and was reared on lettuce.
Biology
. Adults have been collected from early June through mid-August in southern
Mexico
, and in March and June in
Costa Rica
.
Distribution
.
Sparganothoides lugens
has been recorded from southern
Mexico
to
Costa Rica
.
Remarks
. Females from
Costa Rica
are grayer, the papillae anales are more rounded posteriorly, and male cornuti deposited in the ductus bursae are wider, less curved, and possess a larger spine at the base than those from
Mexico
. These features suggest that specimens from
Costa Rica
may not be conspecific with those from
Mexico
.