Taxonomy of Bethylus (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae) from China with description of nine new species Author Wang, Chung-Hong 0000-0003-0132-3218 Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China joycek 0324 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0132 - 3218 xxchen@zju.edu.cn Author He, Jun-Hua 0000-0002-9109-8853 xxchen@zju.edu.cn Author Chen, Xue-Xin 0000-0003-0132-3218 State Key Lab of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China & Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China joycek 0324 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0132 - 3218 & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China Corresponding author. xxchen @ zju. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9109 - 8853 xxchen@zju.edu.cn text Zootaxa 2021 2021-05-20 4974 2 361 382 journal article 6353 10.11646/zootaxa.4974.2.6 541dcb09-af62-4598-9b4c-bde7fee86a1f 1175-5326 4775728 1BCA80C0-C39F-43C0-9E90-BA594DB38CC3 Bethylus crassicapitis Wang, He & Chen sp. nov. Fig. 2 Description. Holotype ( Fig. 2a ). Female. Body length 4.38 mm . Forewing length 2.66 mm . Color. Body black, metasoma dark castaneous. Mandible castaneous. Antenna yellow. Legs yellowish-brown, coxae and femora castaneous. Forewing hyaline tinged with yellow; veins and pterostigma light castaneous. Pubescence. Body with sparse setae, denser in head, propleuron, mesopectus ventrally and legs. Antenna with dense appressed setae. Forewing with short dense setae. Head ( Fig. 2 b-e). Head slightly longer than wide, LH 1.09 × WH. Mandible with four teeth; upper most with apex rounded. Median clypeal lobe developed with apex rounded; median carina developed, slightly extending posterad into frons. Antennomeres II–VI in ratio of 1.11:1.11:1.09:1.0:1.0 in length and respectively 2.21, 2.28, 2.25, 2.0, 1.95, 2.02 × width; antennal scrobal carina absent. Frons and vertex coriaceous with shallow sparse punctures separate 1.0–4.0 × their own diameter. WF 1.46 × LE; LE 1.08 × DEV. Anterior ocellus far away from eyes; frontal angle of ocellar triangle acute; POL 0.94 × AOL; OOL 2.07 × WOT; DPV 1.17 × DAO. Vertex crest slightly outcurved; sides of head posterior to eyes converging posteriorly. Malar space narrow, malar line between mandible and eye absent. Gena coriaceous. Mesosoma ( Fig. 2 f-g). Pronotum coriaceous; dorsal pronotal area shorter than wide. Mesoscutum coriaceous with shallow sparse punctures; mesoscutum 0.82 × mesoscutellum; parapsidal signum complete. Mesoscutellum coriaceous with few punctures; mesoscutellar pits elongated. Metapostnotum depressed and rugulose, median ridge weakly coriaceous; dorsal area of propodeum rugulose, depressing and obliquely rugose near lateral marginal carina of metapectal-propodeal disc; lateral marginal carina of metapectal-propodeal disc complete; propodeal declivity coriaceous; anterior metapleural area coriaceous, metapleural line with three pits; lateral surface of metapectal-propodeal complex coriaceous. Propleuron coriaceous. Mesopectus coriaceous with shallow punctures; mesopleural pit and fovea weak. Prosternum coriaceous with weak longitudinal sulcus medially. Forewing ( Fig. 2h ). Rs+M 2 v extremely short; 2r-rs&Rs 2 v slightly rounded with apex rounded curved. Metasoma. Metasomal terga shiny, weakly coriaceous basally; longitudinal sulcus of first metasomal tergum distinctly exceeding first metasomal spiracle. Metasomal sterna weakly coriaceous. Male. Unknown. Variation. Body length: 3.62–4.38 mm . Forewing length: 2.18–2.66 mm . LH 1.09–1.12 × WH; WF 1.56–1.66 × LE; POL 0.94–1.01 × AOL; OOL 2.07–2.43 × WOT; DPV 1.17–1.38 × DAO. Length of mesoscutum 0.82–0.93 × length of mesoscutellum. Type material. Holotype ♀ ( ZJUH ), China , Ningxia , Liupan Mountain , 106°20′12″E , 35°39′31″N , 3– 14.vii.2009 , Huayan Chen, No. 202016004 . Paratypes : ♀ ( ZJUH ), Ningxia , Liupan Mountain , 106°20′12″E , 35°39′31″N , 3–14.vii.2009 , Huayan Chen, No. 202016001 ; ♀ ( ZJUH ), Ningxia , Liupan Mountain , 106°20′12″E , 35°39′31″N , 3–14.vii.2009 , Huayan Chen, No. 202016007 . Distribution. China ( Ningxia ). Etymology. The specific name “ crassicapitis ” is a compound of “ crass ” (thick) and “ caput ” (head) which refers to the thicken head of this species. Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from other species of this genus by having ocellar triangle elongate, head thickened in lateral view, and median clypeal carina distinctly protuberant in lateral view.