Neosabellides lizae, a new species of Ampharetidae (Annelida) from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia Author Alvestad, Tom Author Budaeva, Nataliya text Zootaxa 2015 4019 1 61 69 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.4019.1.6 7f94f9e2-bf6f-4b5c-95aa-05d48e1a5cd4 1175-5326 289489 21DC6610-5005-4D25-AD87-2F4535B940B2 Neosabellides lizae n. sp. Type material. Holotype : AM W.44032, MI QLD 2340 (wet specimen). Paratypes : AM W.44850, MI QLD 2422 (1, 1 on SEM stub); AM W.45179, MI QLD 2440 (2, 1 on SEM stub); AM W.45137, MI QLD 2441 (1). Other material examined. AM W.45178, MI QLD 2440 (1 used for DNA extraction); AM W.45180, MI QLD 2441 (1 used for DNA extraction). Comparative material examined. Paratypes of Neosabellides australiensis Hartmann-Schröder, 1981 , ZMH P- 16499 (5), Western Australia , Cervantes, beach, Posidoina and fine sand, 24 Oct 1975 . Diagnosis. Prostomium conical with transversal groove, without glandular ridges; three pairs of branchiae in two groups well separated from each other; paleae absent; buccal tentacles covered with ciliae, papillae absent; 14 thoracic segments with notopodia; 12 thoracic segments with neuropodia; 14 abdominal segments with neuropodia, first two pairs of abdominal neuropodia of thoracic type . Description. Holotype complete specimen 5 mm long and 0.6 mm wide; paratypes ranging from 3 to 5 mm long and about 0.5 mm wide. Live specimens silver grey with metallic hue, branchiae with dark bands ( Fig. 1 A, B). Preserved specimens uniformly pale yellow. Specimens dyed with methyl blue with dark blue ventral shields ( Fig. 1 E); anterior part of prostomium blue with unstained oval area behind it ( Fig. 1 C, D). Prostomium conical with transversal groove curved laterally, but not completely splitting its frontal margin ( Figs 1 A–D, 2A); glandular ridges absent. Live specimens with two dark spots, presumably eyes ( Figs 1 A,B, 2A). Ventral surface of buccal segment with longitudinal folds ( Fig. 1 C). Buccal tentacles long, covered with cilia, without papillae ( Figs 2 A, 3D, E). Branchiae in two groups, well separated and connected by low membrane; two outermost branchiae in each group in transversal row, innermost branchia located slightly posteriorly and distinctly connected with first pair of notopodia ( Figs 1 B, 2A, 3D). Several ciliated tufts between groups of branchiae ( Fig. 3 D). One pair of nephridial papillae on segment IV, located behind innermost pair of branchiae ( Figs 2 A, 3D). Paleae absent ( Figs 2 A, 3C, D). Thorax and abdomen of similar length; thorax slightly wider than abdomen; abdomen tapering posteriorly ( Figs 1 A, B; 3A, B). Fourteen thoracic segments with notopodia and capillary chaetae. Last 12 chaetigers of thorax with neuropodia and uncini. Fourteen abdominal uncinigerous segments ( Fig. 3 B). Notopodia simple, finger-shaped and up to three times longer than wide ( Fig. 4 A, B). Thoracic neuropodia rounded to oval ( Figs 3 C, 4B, C). Anterior two abdominal segments with neuropodia of thoracic type with uncini located in a furrow ( Fig. 4 F); remaining abdominal uncinigers with enlarged protruding neuropodia with uncini located at parapodial margin ( Fig. 5 A, D). Dorsal cirri on abdominal neuropodia absent. Ciliated tufts between parapodial rami; in thorax at ventral bases of notopodia ( Fig. 4 B, D), in abdomen above neuropodia ( Figs 4 F, 5A, B, D) Notochaetae as spinulose capillaries ( Fig. 4 A, B), arranged in double rows; capillaries in anterior row generally thinner and shorter than in posterior row. Thoracic uncini with two vertical rows of 4–5 teeth above rostrum ( Fig. 4 C). Abdominal uncini with four vertical rows of 3–4 teeth above rostrum ( Fig. 5 C). Pygidium with two short lateral cirri; papillae or crenulated area around anus absent ( Fig. 3 F). Tube unknown. FIGURE 1. Neosabellides lizae n. sp. , holotype, AM W.44032. A. Habitus, lateral view, live animal; B. Habitus, dorso-lateral view, live animal; C. Frontal view, fixed and stained with methyl blue; D. Anterior part, dorsal view, fixed and stained with methyl blue; E. Latero-ventral view, fixed and stained with methyl blue. Abbreviations: br = branchiae, bt = buccal tentacles. Arrows indicate the position of eyes in live specimens. Remarks. Neosabellides lizae n. sp. closely resembles N. australiensis , but can be distinguished by having a pair of eyes on the prostomium, having 14 rather that 16 abdominal uncinigerous segments and being half the size. Branchiae in the two species arranged in slightly different ways, in N. lizae n. sp. the outermost and middle branchiae in each group lie in a transversal row with innermost branchia slightly posteriorly; in N. australiensis the middle branchia in each group located slightly anteriorly to other two ( Fig. 2 ). In addition, we did not find tubes or tube fragments while collecting the new species, which suggests that they may be very fragile. On the contrary, Hartmann-Schröder (1981) reported N. australiensis having sturdy parchment-like tubes covered with Posidonia leaves and other debris, which we also observed in the studied paratypes . The new species differs from all other known species of Neosabellides in having 14 rather than 12 or 19–20 abdominal uncinigerous segments. It can also be distinguished from N. litoralis Annenkova, 1934 in having three rather than four pairs of branchiae; from N. elongatus (Ehlers, 1912) and N. oceanica ( Fauvel, 1909 ) in lacking papillae on the buccal tentacles ( Tab. 1 ). FIGURE 2. Schematic drawing of head and anterior end of body of Neosabellides lizae n. sp. (A) and Neosabellides australiensis (B) indicating placement and origin of branchiae, and position of paired nephridial papillae on segment IV. TABLE 1. Comparison of all valid species of the genus Neosabellides . Species Characters N. australiensis N. elongatus N. litoralis N. oceanica N. lizae n. sp. Hartmann-Schröder, (Ehlers, 1912) Annenkova, ( Fauvel, 1909 ) 1981 1934 Length 8.1 mm 22 mm 3–5 mm 10 mm 3–5 mm ......continued on next page Species *Following the description by Hessle (1917) N. elongatus has small dorsal cirri on the last 17 abdominal neuropodia.

Pigmentation	Black dots on lateral sides of prostomium and the first segments	Uniformly brownish-yellow or completely colorless, lateral dots (?eyes) on prostomium	?	?	Live specimens silver grey with metallic hue, branchiae with dark bands; fixed specimens uniformly yellow
Eyes	Absent	1 pair	1 pair	?	1 pair
Buccal tentacles	? Ciliated (not smooth), papillae absent	Papillose with long papillae	?	Papillose	Ciliated, papillae absent
Branchiae	3 pairs in 2 groups, well separated; middle branchia in each group located slightly anteriorly to other two	3 pairs	4 pairs in 2 groups close together	3 pairs	3 pairs in 2 groups, well separated; outermost and middle branchiae in each group lie in a transversal row with innermost branchia slightly posteriorly
Abdominal segments	16	19–20	12	12	14
Rudimentary notopodia in abdomen	Absent	?	Absent	On first 2 abdominal segments	Absent

TABLE 1. (Continued)

Characters	N. australiensis Hartmann-Schröder, 1981	N. elongatus (Ehlers, 1912)	N. litoralis Annenkova, 1934	N. oceanica (Fauvel, 1909)	N. lizae n. sp.
Dorsal cirri on abdominal neuropodia	Absent	?Absent*	Present, small	Absent	Absent
Thoracic uncini	2 vertical rows with 4–5 teeth	2 rows with 4 teeth	2 rows with 4–5 teeth	Teeth in 2 rows, alternate each other	2 vertical rows with 4–5 teeth
Abdominal uncini	3 vertical rows with 4–5 teeth	3 rows with 5 teeth	3 rows with 5–6 teeth	Teeth in 2 rows, opposite each other	4 vertical rows with 3–4 teeth
Pygidium	2 short triangular anal cirri, crenulated area around anus, distinct papillae absent	2 elongated anal cirri, few papillae around the anus	?	2 anal cirri	2 short anal cirri, papillae absent
Tube	Parchment-like covered with detritus and Posidonia leaves remains	?	Composed of shell fragments and echinoderm skeleton elements	Brownish with thick walls	?
Distribution	Western Australia, Cervantes, intertidal	Antarctica, Kaiser Wilhelm II Land, 385 m	Bering Sea, Bering Island, subtidal	Bay of Biscay, 1743 m	East of Australia, Great Barrier Reef, Lizard Island, intertidal

The smallest three specimens examined ( 3 mm long) had only 13 thoracic segments with notopodia and 13 abdominal uncinigerous segments ( Fig. 3 A, C). In these specimens capillary chaetae and notopodia were absent in 14th parapodia ( Fig. 4 F), while in larger specimens 14th parapodia bore both noto- and neuropodia ( Fig. 4 E). We suggest that these specimens were juveniles lacking the definitive set of segments characteristic for all species from the genus Neosabellides . All specimens longer than 3 mm showed the presence of 14 thoracic and 14 abdominal segments. Etymology. The species epithet lizae refers both to the Lizard Island, the place where the specimens of the new species were collected, and to the name of authors’ daughter Liza. Type locality. Australia , Queensland, Lizard Island, off Casuarina Beach , in front of the Lizard Island Research Station, 14°40'46"S , 145°26'49"E , intertidal. Distribution. This species is only known from the Lizard Island, the Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, Australia ; intertidal zone.