Four new species of the genus Xynobius Foerster (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Opiinae) from South Korea Author Han, Yunjong https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2757-7785 Animal Systematics Laboratory, Department of Biological Science, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, 54150, Republic of Korea Author van Achterberg, Cornelis https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6495-4853 Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P. O. 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands Author Kim, Hyojoong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1706-2991 Animal Systematics Laboratory, Department of Biological Science, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, 54150, Republic of Korea hkim@kunsan.ac.kr text ZooKeys 2024 2024-03-07 1193 219 243 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1193.115831 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1193.115831 1313-2970-1193-219 F675478E363D4B95ADFA06388171FDBA F77A003447BB51FB9A66454B818DA1A9 Xynobius geniculatus (Thomson, 1895) Figs 54 , 55-64 Opius geniculatus Thomson, 1895: 2179. Opius (Nosopoea) geniculatus : Fischer 1972 : 282-284; Papp 1981b : 44-59. Opius (Allotypus) geniculatus : Tobias and Jakimavicius 1986 : 63. Opius albicoxis Marshall, 1898: 236; Fischer 1967 : 143 (as synonym of O. geniculatus Thomson), 1972: 282. Material examined. 1 ♀ (KNA), " South Korea : DMZ Botanical Garden , Mandae-ri , Haean , Yanggu , Gangwon prov. , 38°15'09.3"N , 128°06'40.6"E , 17.x.2017 - 17.xi.2017 , MT [= Malaise trap ]" . Diagnosis. Antennal segments of ♀ 38-44; area below pterostigma with brownish patch (Figs 54 , 55 ), rarely obsolescent; precoxal sulcus smooth; mesoscutum largely glabrous, but middle lobe sparsely setose, notauli absent on disc, only anteriorly deeply impressed and medio-posterior depression distinct; pterostigma triangular; vein M+CU1 of fore wing largely sclerotised (Fig. 55 ); second metasomal tergite bicoloured (dark brown and with a pale yellowish patch medially); hind tarsus (except telotarsus) pale yellowish or ivory; second submarginal cell of fore wing long (Fig. 55 ); area around medio-posterior depression of mesoscutum finely punctate or punctulate; at least apex of hind femur dark brown; no pronope; setose part of ovipositor sheath 0.6 x as long as first metasomal tergite. Figure 54. Xynobius geniculatus (Thomson), ♀, habitus, lateral. Re-description. Female; length of body 3.6 mm, of fore wing 4.1 mm. Head . Antenna with 44 segments and 1.5 x as long as body (Fig. 64 ); third segment of antenna 2.6 x longer than wide, ~ 1.1 x longer than fourth segment of antenna; eye 2 x longer than temple in dorsal view (Fig. 61 ); stemmaticum shiny and smooth; vertex shiny, smooth and moderately setose posteriorly; frons with depression medially and remainder shiny and smooth; face densely punctate and setose, median keel present up to between antennal sockets (Fig. 60 ); clypeus 2.4 x wider than its maximum height; clypeus punctate and moderately setose, rather flat in lateral view; hypoclypeal depression present; malar sulcus straight; occipital carina absent medio-dorsally; mandible slightly curved apically, triangular in lateral view and gradually widened basally. Figures 55-64. Xynobius geniculatus (Thomson), ♀, South Korea 55 wings 56 mesosoma, lateral view 57 mesosoma, dorsal view 58 1st metasomal tergite, dorsal view 59 metasoma, dorsal view 60 head, anterior view 61 head and pronotum, dorsal view 62 propodeum, dorsal view 63 ovipositor and sheath, latero-ventral view 64 antenna. The red arrow indicates the dorsope. Mesosoma . Mesosoma 1.5 x longer than its height (Fig. 56 ); pronope absent (Figs 57 , 61 ); propleuron largely smooth and propleuron flange present posteriorly (Fig. 56 ); mesopleuron largely shiny and smooth, including narrow precoxal sulcus; epicnemial area distinctly crenulate; pronotal side largely smooth with crenulated groove anteriorly and posteriorly; mesopleural sulcus crenulate; anterior groove of metapleuron crenulate; metapleuron largely shiny, smooth and moderately setose along grooves; notauli absent on disc of mesoscutum (Fig. 57 ); mesoscutum shiny, smooth and densely setose medially; scutellum slightly punctate and setose; medio-posterior depression of mesoscutum round; scutellar sulcus distinctly crenulate, medium-sized and curved; propodeum moderately setose with short medio-longitudinal carina anteriorly, indistinct transverse carina and areola, remainder of propodeum shiny and largely rugose (Figs 57 , 62 ). Wings . Fore wing (Fig. 55 ): pterostigma triangular with dark spot below pterostigma; vein 1-SR+M sinuate; vein 3-SR angled with vein r, parallel with vein 2-M and ~ 2 x longer than vein 2-SR; vein 2-SR straight and oblique; vein SR1 curved upward, nearly 1.8 x longer than vein 3-SR; r: 3-SR: SR1 = 5: 46: 84; vein m-cu postfurcal; second submarginal cell elongated; vein CU1b medium-sized. Hind wing: vein m-cu pigmented and curved basally; vein 1r-m 0.6 x as long as vein 1-M; vein 2-M pigmented. Legs . Hind femur 4.6 x longer than its maximum width (Fig. 54 ). Metasoma . First metasomal tergite 1.3 x longer than its apical width (Fig. 58 ); first tergite slightly widened apically and its surface with longitudinal striae medially and remaining area shiny and smooth; dorsope distinct (Figs 57 , 58 ); second metasomal suture indistinctly indicated (Fig. 59 ); second tergite shiny and smooth, with a pair of oblique depressions anteriorly; second and following tergites shiny, smooth, with transverse band of setae posteriorly; setose part of ovipositor sheath 0.6 x as long as first metasomal tergite and nearly 0.07 x as long as fore wing (Fig. 63 ). Colour . Body black (Fig. 54 ); clypeus ventrally, mandible, and ovipositor brown; flagellar segments of antenna, femur, and tibia of hind leg and tarsal claw dark brown; scape of antenna, pterostigma, vein of wings and spot below pterostigma, tegulae, and remainder of legs brown; palpi pale yellowish; posterior band of third-sixth metasomal tergites brown or yellowish brown. Distribution. South Korea (new record), Europe, Eastern/Western Palearctic region. Biology. Parasitoid of Trypeta immaculata (Macquart, 1835) and Stemonocera cornuta (Scopoli, 1771) ( Tephritidae ) ( Yu et al. 2016 ). Remarks. This species runs in the key by Tobias (1998) to Opius geniculatus Thomson, because of having the distinct medio-posterior depression of mesoscutum, smooth precoxal sulcus, distinct hypoclypeal depression, vein m-cu of fore wing weakly postfurcal, hind femur 4.6 x longer than its width, antenna with 44 segments, pterostigma short and triangular, mesoscutum rather densely setose, vein 3-SR of fore wing twice longer than vein 2-SR, a brownish spot below pterostigma and brownish band posteriorly at third-sixth metasomal tergites. Figures 65-75. Xynobius stipitatus (Tobias), holotype, ♀, Russia 65 wings 66 mesosoma lateral 67 mesosoma dorsal 68 metasoma dorsal 69 propodeum and 1st metasomal tergite latero-dorsal 70 head anterior 71 head and pronotum dorsal 72 head latero-anterior 73 ovipositor sheath lateral 74 hind leg 75 antenna. Photographs: Konstantin Samartsev.