Unraveling Capnodiaceae species in Northern Thailand Author Haituk, Supitchakorn Thungdee Sukanya Author Withee, Patchareeya 0000-0002-4412-6209 Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand & patchareeya _ with @ cmu. ac. th; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4412 - 6209 patchareeya_with@cmu.ac.th Author Cheewangkoon, Ratchadawan 0000-0001-8576-3696 Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand & ratchadawan. c @ cmu. ac. th; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8576 - 3696 ratchadawan.c@cmu.ac.th Author Suwannarach, Nakarin 0000-0002-2653-1913 Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand & suwan _ 461 @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2653 - 1913 suwan_461@hotmail.com Author Marasinghe, Diana S. 0000-0002-3805-5280 Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand & dianasandamali 91 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3805 - 5280 dianasandamali91@gmail.com Author Hongsanan, Sinang 0000-0003-0550-3152 Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People’s Republic of China & Office of the Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand & sinang 333 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0550 - 3152 sinang333@gmail.com text Phytotaxa 2023 2023-10-13 620 2 143 156 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.620.2.2 journal article 273140 10.11646/phytotaxa.620.2.2 e54f2cb4-c263-4ffc-af17-b75af0d2ec45 1179-3163 10011254 Conidiocarpus caucasicus Woron. , Key to fungi (fungi imperfecti) 2: 743 (1917) Index Fungorum number: IF 803878; FIGURE 4 = Conidiocarpus asiaticus (Chomnunti & K.D. Hyde) T. Bose , in Bose, Reynolds & Burbee, Mycologia 106(4): 751 (2014) = Conidiocarpus siamensis (Chomnunti & K.D. Hyde) T. Bose , in Bose, Reynolds & Burbee, Mycologia 106(4): 753 (2014) FIGURE 4 Conidiocarpus caucasicus (CMUB40026). a Sooty mold on the leaf surface of Mangifera indica . b, c Appearance of conidiomata on the host surface. f, g Pycnidia wall. h Ostiole surrounded by hyaline hyphae. i, j Network-like hyphae. k Conidia. l Germinating Conidia. Scale bars: d = 100 µm, e–i = 50 µm, k = 5 µm, j, l = 20 µm. Saprobic sooty mold-like, growing on living leaves Mangifera indica . Thallus thin, dark brown, reticulately branched, dense, easily removed from the host surface, composed of brown, septate hyphae. Sexual morph : Not observed. Asexual morph : Pycnidia 650–1080 × 40–60 μm ( x = 875 × 50 μm, n = 10), solitary to gregarious, superficial, black to dark brown, subcylindrical, straight or variously curved, unbranched or branched, thick-walled, swollen, narrow globose, brown, cylindrical, long-stalked. Ostiole surrounded by hyaline, subulate, hyphal extensions tapering to apex. Conidia 4.2–4.7 × 2.0–2.6 μm ( x = 4.5 × 2.3 μm, n = 10), small, ellipsoid, continuous, aseptate, hyaline, smooth-walled, arranged in a droplet at the apex of pycnidial neck. Material examined : THAILAND , Payao Province, on living leaf of Mangifera indica ( Anacardiaceae ), 4 November 2022 , S Hongsanan SDBR-CMUMG01 = CMUB 40026, living culture SDBR-CMU 478. Notes : Our collection of Conidiocarpus caucasicus ( SDBR-CMU 478) was collected in Thailand (Payao Province). We observed 1–2 carcasses of aphids on a single leaf of our specimen. The strain SDBR-CMU 478 is morphologically identical to Co. caucasicus in having dark brown, dense, thallus, long-stalked, black to dark brown pycnidia with hyaline, aseptate, ellipsoid conidia ( Abdollahzadeh et al. 2020 ). According to our phylogenetic analysis ( FIGURE 1 ), our strain ( SDBR-CMU 478) clustered together with Co. asiticus ( MFLUCC 10-0062), Co. caucasicus ( GUMH 937), and Co. siamensis ( MFLUCC 10-0064/10-0063). Moreover, our phylogenetic result is consistent with those of Abdollahzadeh et al. (2020) , confirming that the strains of Co . asiticus , Co. caucasicus , and Co. siamensis were not well-separated taxa with significant phylogenetical interference. Herein, we synonymized these species under Co. caucasicus giving priority to the oldest name. Furthermore, the strain of Co. siamensis ( MFLUCC 10-0061) formed a distinct clade with Conidiocarpus sp. ( CPC 20464 and CPC 20468) to the basal of Conidiocarpus clade. This may be due to inconsistencies in the availability of gene regions. We observed that the ITS base pair difference between MFLUCC 10-0061 strain and other Co. siamensis strains lacks enough phylogenetic significance (1.4%) to delineate it as a distinct species.