Systematics of New World Curtonotum Macquart (Diptera: Curtonotidae) 3079 Author Klymko, John Author Marshall, Stephen A. text Zootaxa 2011 2011-10-28 3079 1 1 110 https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3079.1.1 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.3079.1.1 1175­5334 5243925 Curtonotum trypetipenne Hendel Figures 82–89 , and 210 Curtonotum trypetipenne Hendel, 1913: 620 .— Wirth, 1975 : 78.2 [Neotropical catalogue]. Diplocentra trypetipennis (Hendel) .— Enderlein, 1917 [combination, redescription, wing figure]. Diagnosis. Distinguished from congeners by the extensively infuscated wing with scattered transparent maculae; it is also the only species in which female cerci are fused, but lack stout setae. Description. Length: 3.8–5.8 mm . Head: Frons dark brown with narrow medial yellow-brown vitta, green iridescence (iridescence visible only from oblique angle), slight bulge ventrally and scattered dark setulae, width 1.3–1.5 times height, slightly narrower ventrally, lateral margin silver microtomentose. Ocellar triangle and narrow lateral strip dull grey microtomentose, microtomentum of ocellar triangle not extending anterior of anterior ocellus, lateral microtomentose strip extending from median occipital sclerite to slightly anterior of proclinate seta to ca. midpoint between anterior proclinate seta and ventral margin of frons. Proclinate seta at, or slightly posterior to, midpoint of sagittal distance from anterior ocellus to ventral margin of frons, anterior to and medial of major reclinate seta, minor reclinate seta anterior to and medial of major reclinate seta. Face silver microtomentose with dark brown ground colour, flat in lateral profile; vibrissa ca. twice as long as adjacent subvibrissals. Parafacial and gena narrow, silver microtomentose, dark brown in ground colour, eye height 15.7–19.0 times gena height. Clypeus, palpus and prementum with dark brown ground colour, clypeus and palpus densely silver microtomentose and microtrichose, respectively, prementum lightly silver microtomentose. Scape and pedicel with orange-brown ground colour and silver microtomentum, first flagellomere densely silver microtrichose, with orange-brown ground colour on proximal ca. half, otherwise dark brown. Thorax: Silver microtomentose with dark brown ground colour throughout (except scutellum, where microtomentum is brown). Scutum strongly arched, each scutal, postpronotal, and anepisternal seta and setula with dark brown spot around socket, these largely confluent on scutum, especially posteriorly. Scutum with pair of narrow vittae over entire length, these indistinct in most specimens. Postpronotal lobe with 3 setae, center seta ca. 0.75 times length of posterior-most seta, anterior seta much smaller, sometimes greatly reduced; notopleuron setulose; scutellum with 2 pairs of marginal setae. Anepisternum with 3 strong (and often 1 moderate) setae on posterior half; katepisternum with 2 prominent lateral setae, anterodorsal seta smaller than posteroventral seta; linear tuft of setulae under fore coxa dark brown. Fringe of black setulae present ventral and posterior of posterior spiracle; meron bare. Legs: Coxae dense silver microtomentose, legs otherwise lightly so. Chaetotaxy black, except for very dense, regularly spaced transverse rows of setulae anteroventrally on apical half of fore tibia and similar setulae on fore tarsomere 1, these dark brown. Coxae with dark brown ground colour. Fore femur with dark brown ground colour, 4–6 posterodorsal setae, ctenidial setae 6–8, of equal length and only slightly thicker than adjacent setulae; mid femur with dark brown ground colour, with 4–6 anterior setae; hind femur ground colour dark brown on apical two-fifths, otherwise yellow-white, with single subapical dorsal seta. Tibiae with yellow-white ground colour, slightly darker on proximal and distal thirds, mid tibia with 2 strong, 1 moderate and several weak ventral apical setae, the moderate seta between the strong setae. Mid and hind tarsomere 5 without short cuneiform setae on anteroventral margin. Wing: Alula relatively narrow. Dark brown infuscate, infuscation paler on posterior half, with scattered transparent maculae. Abdomen: Ground colour dark brown. Tergite 1 lightly silver microtomentose laterally, otherwise lightly brown microtomentose. Tergites 2–4 lightly brown microtomentose on wide medial vitta and posterior ca. third, otherwise lightly silver microtomentose; tergite 5 similar, but brown microtomentose on posterior ca. quarter. FIGURES 82–89. Curtonotum trypetipenne Hendel. 82. Male terminalia, left lateral. 83. Distiphallus, dorsal. 84. Male terminalia, posterior. 85. Ovipositor, dorsal. 86. Ventral receptacle. 87. Female sternite 8, ventral. 88. Female sternite 10, ventral. 89. Spermatheca. Male terminalia: Sternite 5 truncate posteriorly, with slight desclerotization along hind margin; tergite 6 moderately sclerotized, desclerotized medially; tergite 7 well sclerotized, relatively narrow, dorsal length slightly greater than 0.1 times dorsal length of epandrium; sternites 6 and 7 well sclerotized, separated into right and left portions; sternite 6 broad, right portion with large bulge on right, left portion more heavily sclerotized proximally; sternite 7 relatively long, slightly shorter than right portion of sternite 6. Epandrium relatively large, with scattered setulae (in no areas these particularly long); surstylus large, articulating laterally with and fused medially to epandrium, broadly rounded in lateral and posterior profile, with rounded concavity ventral surface adjacent to postgonite, setulose ventral and dorsally. Cercus stout, ventral margin flat, posterior margin broadly rounded, longest cercal setulae equal to, or slightly longer than, longest epandrial setulae. Hypandrium with narrow based, slightly antrorse dorsobasal lobe, posterior bridge produced ventrally and posteriorly, hypandrial arm relatively straight, without setulae, not fused to opposite hypandrial arm distally; postgonite minutely setulose dorsally, with slight dorsal bend apically. Phallapodeme with relatively narrowly, elongate, anteriorly bulging “fan”, margin opposite fan convex with subacute point; basiphallus weakly sclerotized basally, relatively stout; distiphallus relatively large, base elongate, bowed to left, apex bilobed, right lobe heavily sclerotized on ventral margin on proximal half, otherwise membranous, apex with 2 acute finger-like projections on left, these with antrorse, short stout spinules, with 1 long finger-like and 1 broader projection on right, these smooth, right lobe moderately sclerotized and with honeycomb texture ventrally, basally and on left margin near base more heavily sclerotized, left margin with heavily sclerotized acute tooth and moderately sclerotized rounded projection (the former more proximal), otherwise membranous, dorsally and marginally with variable amounts of fine spinules, distal margin broadly rounded. Ejaculatory apodeme just outside of basiphallus, elongate, with small pores medially, broadening basally. Female terminalia: Sternite 5 length 1.0 times width. Sternite 6 length 0.5–0.6 times width. Ovipositor relatively stout (as in Figure 32 ). Tergite 6 weakly sclerotized medially, particularly on proximal half. Tergite 7 sclerotized throughout. Tergite 8 and sternite 8 weakly sclerotized proximally, though proximal edge of tergite 8 discernable. Sternite 8 truncate posteriorly, without apical area of heavy sclerotization. Sternite 10 with narrow, spinule free, dorsoventrally flattened apodeme extending well into space between tergite 8 and sternite 8. Tergite 10 and cerci fused. Spermatheca elongate, base rounded with irregular protuberances, apex with large protuberances, surface with coarse wrinkles. Ventral receptacle with basal half heavily sclerotized, distal half less heavily sclerotized, neck conical, apex bent, saucer-shaped, apical surface concave with convex projection centrally, duct with fine transverse wrinkles. Type material. Hendel’s (1913) type series included 10 syntypes from Peru . Hendel made no indication of a holotype in his publication. Six specimens ( ♂ , 5♀ ) from this type series have been examined, including the female specimen labeled typus by Hendel. This specimen is here designated the lectotype , while the others were labeled cotypus by Hendel, and are designated the paralectotypes . A lectotype has been designated to avoid any confusion surrounding the definition of C . trypetipenne should the original type series prove to be made of more than one species . Lectotype here designated: ♀ : PERU . Ucayali : “Ucayalifl” [ Ucayali River ], Unini , 21.x.1903 ( SMTD ) . Paralectotypes : PERU . Cusco : ♀ , Umahuankilia , Urubambafl [Urubamba River], 19.ix.1903 ( SMTD ) . Pasco : ♀ , Pichis , Puerto Bermudes , 10.xii.1903 , ♀ , 15.xii.1903 ( SMTD ) . ♀ , Ucayali : Meshagua [Mishagua], Urubambafl [ Urubamba River ], 26.ix.1903 , ♂ , 27.ix.1903 ( SMTD ) . Other material examined. BOLIVIA . Cochabomba : ♀ , Villa Tunari , ex. along trails in tourist park, near 16˚58.39’S 65˚23.79’W, ~ 320 m , 5.ix.2000 , S.D. Gaimari ( CSCA ) . BRAZIL . Amazonas : ♂ , Benjamin Constant , Rio Javary , 25.i–15.ii.1942 , Angus Rabaut ( USNM ) . COLOMBIA . La Cuajira : ♀ , Conejo, R. San Miguel , 76˚53’W, 0˚15’N, 1–3.vi.1963 , L. Pena ( CNCI ) . ECUADOR . Napo : 3♂ , 5♀ , 1 sex unknown (abdomen missing), Misahuali , nr. Tena , 6–19.x.2001 , C. Brammer ( UTAH ) ; same information plus ♀ , Mal. tr. ( UTAH ) ; ♀ , Tipulini Biodiversity Station , 216 m , 00˚37’55”S 076˚08’39”W, insecticidal fogging of mostly bare green leaves, some with covering of lichenous or bryophytic plants, 8.ii.1999 , T.L. Irwin et al. Lot 2027, Transect #3 , ♂ , Lot 2031, Transect #4 ( USNM ) ; ♂ , Jatun Sacha Res. , 6 km E Misahualli , 450 m , 1˚4’S 77˚37’W, varzea, 30.iv–8.v.2002 , S.A. Marshall , ♀ , 2.v.2002 , M. Buck, ♂ , ♀ , 3.v.2002 , M. Buck, ♀ , 5.v.2002 , O. Lonsdale, ♂ , 6.v.2002 , O. Lonsdale ( DEBU ) ; 2♀ , Limoncocha , 0˚24’S 76˚40’W, 250 m , 9–16.iii.1976 , G.E. Shewell ( CNCI ) ; ♀ , Puerto Misahualli , 350 m , ii.1983 , M.J. Sharkey ( DEBU ) ; ♂ , Tena , ii.1983 , M.J. Sharkey ( DEBU ) ; ♂ , 2♀ , Huahua Sumaco , km 44 on Hollin-Loreto rd. , Mal. tr., 14.xii.1989 , 3♂ , 2♀ , 15.xii.1989 , ♀ , 16.xii.1989 , 3♂ , ♀ , 17.xii.1989 , 4♂ , 2♀ , 20.xii.1989 , ♂ , 6♀ , 21.xii.1989 , ♀ , 22.xii.1989 , ♂ , 23.xii.1989 , M.&J. Wasbauer , H. Real ( CSCA ) ; 3♂ , 2♀ , Coca , Napo R. , 250 m , v.1965 , L. Pena ( CNCI ) . Orellana : 7♂ , 6♀ , Rio Tiputini , 0˚38.2’S 76˚8.9’W, 12–26.viii.1999 , W.N. Mathis , A. Baptista , M. Kotrba ( USNM ) ; ♂ , Reserva Etnica Waorani , 1 km S. Onkone Gare Camp , Transect Ent. , Fogging in terra firme forest, T.L. Irwin et al. , 216.3 m , 00˚39’25.7”S 76˚27’10.8”, Trans. 4, Sta. 4, Lot #1434, 5.ii.1996 , ♀ , 216.3 m , 00˚39’25.7”S 76˚27’10.8”, Trans. 5, Sta. 1, Lot #1441, 7.ii.1996 , ♀ , 220 m , 00˚39’26”S 76˚27’11”W, Trans. 7, Sta. 9, Lot #1469, 8.ii.1996 , ♀ , 216.3 m , 00˚39’25.7”S 76˚27’10.8”, Trans. 4, Sta. 10, Lot #1560, 21.vi.1996 , ♂ , 220 m , 00˚39’26”S 76˚27’11”W, Trans. 9, Sta. 7, Lot #1607, 23.vi.1996 , ♂ , 220 m , 00˚39’26”S 76˚27’11”W, Trans. 4, Sta. 5, Lot #1555, 21.vii.1996 ( USNM ) ; same data except hand collected , ♂ , 220 m , 00˚39’26”S 76˚27’11”W, Trans. 10, Lot #1514, 13.ii.1996 ( USNM ) ; ♂ , ♀ , nr Yasuni National Park , Tiputini Biodiversity Station , 220–250 m , 00˚37’55”S 76˚08’39’W, Trans. 6, Sta. 9, Lot # 2058, 7.ii.1999 , ♀ , 220– 250 m , 00˚37’55”S 76˚08’39”W, Trans. 2, Sta. 1, Lot # 2010, 9.ii.1999 ( USNM ) . Pastaza : 2♂ , ♀ , Pompeya , Napo R. , 14–22.v.1965 , L. Pena ( CNCI ) . Zamora-Chinchipe : ♂ , 3♀ , Yanzaza , 18.vi.1976 , A. Langley et al. , Ecuador- Peace Corps-Smithsonian Institution Aquatic Insect Survey ( USNM ) ; 2♂ , ♀ , Jumboe R. , 1200 m , 1–2.iv.1965 , L. Pena ( CNCI ) . PERU . Huãnuco : ♀ , Monsoon Valley , Tingo Maria , E.I. Schlinger & E.S. Ross , 18.ix.1954 , ♂ , ♀ , 23.ix.1954 , ♂ , 9.x.1954 , ♀ , 10.x.1954 , ♂ , 19.x.1954 , ♂ , 29.xi.1954 ( CASC ) ; ♂ , 24 mi. W of Yurac , 28.ix.1954 ( CASC ) ; ♀ , Tingo Maria , 21.x.1946 , 2200ft ( AMNH ) ; ♀ , “Pebas” ( ZMUC ) . Madre de Dios : ♂ , ♀ , Madre de Dios , Manu , Rio Manu , 250 m , Pakitza , 12˚7’S, 70˚58’W, 9–23.ix.1988 , A. Freidberg ( USNM ) ; ♂ , Rio Tambopata Reserve , 30 km SW Puerto Maldonado , 12˚12’S 69˚16’W, 290 m , 19.ix–10.x.1984 , D.A. Grimaldi ( USNM ) ; ♀ , Avispas , 400 m , 10–20.ix.1962 , ♂ , 1–15.x.1962 , L. Pena ( CNCI ) ; ♀ , O. Garlepp ( SMTD ) ; ♀ , Avispas , 400 m , 20– 30.ix.1962 , ♂ , 1–15.x.1962 , L. Pena ( CNCI ) .