The first discovery of the genus Pseudoalaocybites Osella, 1980 from Ecuador, with a description of a new species in an alpine ecosystem (Coleoptera, Curculionidae: Molytinae) Author Germann, Christoph text Alpine Entomology 2020 4 23 27 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/alpento.4.49848 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/alpento.4.49848 2535-0889-4-23 D13BD973F19944EE9DD38C7F3DA6D81E 73DF75EF473D55B584B5418555E2DECB Pseudoalaocybites chimborazoi sp. nov Figs 1-11 , 12 , 13 Type locality. Ecuador, Riobamba, Chimborazo. Holotype. 1 female , ECUADOR , Riobamba , Chimborazo , superparamo bajo humedo, bajo piedras , 01°28'00"S , 78°44'57"W , 4100 m, 14.1.2007 , [leg.] S. Lem // Pseudoalaocybites chimborazoi sp. nov. des. C. Germann 2020 Holotype [red label] // NMB-COLEO0009760 Description. Length: 3.3 mm. Body colour: dark auburn, glabrous (Fig. 1 ). Figures 1-11. Pseudoalaocybites chimborazoi sp. nov., holotype. 1. habitus dorsal. 2. rostrum with antenna, dorsal view. 3. ditto ventral view. 4. fore margin of pronotum, head, rostrum and antennae in lateral view, arrow indicates the single yellow ocellum. 5. elytra in lateral view, arrow indicates shortened 9th striae. 6. right fore leg, dorsal view. 7. right hind leg, ventro-lateral view. 8. underside, arrow indicates free last three ventrites (ventrites 4 and 5 digitally re-mounted, as taken away for dissection). 9. spermatheca. 10. vulva with ovipositor. 11. spiculum ventrale. Head, rostrum and antennae: Head (Fig. 3 ) globose, impunctate and glabrous, abruptly different from rostrum; eyes strongly reduced, one remaining yellowish ocellum visible (see arrow in Fig. 4 ). Rostrum about four times longer than wide, quadrate in cross-section at middle, spatulate, enlarged after fore half to tip, weakly attenuated at middle of spatulate tip (Fig. 2 ). Rostrum dorsally and ventrally coarsely punctate in first half, enlarged fore half with finer punctation (Figs 2 and 3 ). Epistome glabrous, fore margin prolongate in middle above mandibles, these well visible from above. Underside of mouth parts with long-oval ventrolateral grooves, outer margin vaulted; labium elongated; maxillae with last segment elongate, pen-shaped. Rostrum in lateral view bowed, scrobes lateral, reaching head (Fig. 4 ). Antennal insertion in spatulate fore half of rostrum, insertion grooves visible from above (Fig. 2 ). Antennal scape gradually thickened in distal half, as long as funiculus. Funicle (Fig. 2 ) consisting of eight antennomeres of following ratios (L/B): 1st: 1.5; 2nd: 1.4; 3rd: 1.1; 4th to 6th: 0.8; 7th: 0.75; 8th: 0.7. Club with cup-shaped first segment, following segments half round on top, circular in cross-section, densely clothed with yellowish setae. Pronotum: index (L/B): 1.2. Oval, longer than wide, strongly constricted before fore margin, widest behind middle. Surface glabrous and deeply punctate, interspaces narrower than size of punctation. Prosternum coarsely punctate, fore margin regularly rounded without channel, solely with two faint longitudinal ridges (Fig. 3 ), margin in lateral view straight (Fig. 4 ). Scutellum absent. Elytra: index (L/B): 1.6. Base narrow, equal in width to hind margin of pronotum, margin upwards bent, elytra long-oval, lacking humeral callus (apterous), fused along suture, widest in middle. Nine rows of deeply punctate striae, with stria six shortened along middle of elytra (Fig. 5 , arrow), and stria nine reduced to punctures at base and towards apex. Bright setae raise from fore margins of punctures, these as long as diameter of one puncture. Intervals glabrous and weakly vaulted, with sparse, single standing raised bright setae around elytral decline, these setae twice as long as those in the punctures. Venter: Five ventrites, first two fused, third to fifth free (Fig. 8 , arrow indicates free third ventrite), all ventrites deeply punctate and glabrous; first one as long as second, third 1/4 of the length of second, fourth similar in length, last ventrite blunt oval towards apex and flat (Fig. 8 ). Legs: Coxae separated from each other as follows: procoxae by less than 1/4 of their diameter, almost contiguous, mesocoxae by 1/3 and metacoxae by two times of their diameter (Fig. 8 ). Femora unarmed, punctate, with straight yellowish bristles and fine rasp teeth on dorsal side. Tibiae with rasp teeth on inner and outer edges and set with straight long yellowish bristles (Figs 6 , 7 ). Apex of tibiae with long curved uncus at inner apical angle, and with combs of stiff yellowish spines at outer margins. Tarsi (Fig. 7 ) with five tarsomeres, first three steady broadening, set with long setae, third tarsomere fused but distally roundish emarginate, fourth minute and hidden in third. Onychium as long as preceding three tarsal segments, claws free and simple. Genitalia: Spermatheca with corpus bottle-shaped, cornu regularly bowed and attenuated, ramus reduced, nodulus protruding and narrowed towards duct (Fig. 9 ). Ovipositor (gonocoxites) (Fig. 10 ) with well developed broad styli, apex flattened with stiff setae. Spiculum ventrale with base of apodeme not broadened, plate bell-shaped, with spindle-shaped window along middle, apical margin of plate densely set with strong and bowed setae (Fig. 11 ). Male unknown. Etymology. Named from Chimborazo - one of the most beautiful vulcanos of the World, dominating the landscape around the type locality where the new species evolved (Fig. 12 ). Figure 12. Habitat aspect at foothills of Chimborazo at 4100 m a.s.l. Diagnosis. The new species known only from a female clearly belongs to the genus Pseudoalaocybites based on the rostrum with long and deep lateral antennal grooves, the dorsal-ventrally flattened and broadened last fifth of the rostrum, and the eight antennomeres. Based on the free third ventrite (Fig. 8 , arrow), and the short first antennomere as well its distribution, P. chimborazoi sp. nov. may furthermore belong to the subgenus Croizatius , after the original description given by Osella (1980) , adapted by Howden (1992) and Morrone and Hlavac (2017) , although the respective relationships within the genus are surely far from being resolved, as already Howden (1992) highlighted, and e.g. the belonging of Pseudoalaocybites squamirostris Osella, 1987 to Pseudoalaocybites s.str., or of Pseudoalaocybites aelleni Osella, 1989 from the Antilles to Croizatius is supported by weak morphological evidence. However, a revision of the relationships at subgenus- and genus-level is beyond the scope of the present contribution. Based on the rather big size of P. chimborazoi sp. nov. only P. squamirostris from Venezuela (length 3.57 mm) and P. negreai Osella, 1977 from Cuba (length 3 mm) are other comparatively big sized species, whereas the remaining described ones measure less than 2.9 mm. In comparison with the geographically closest P. latithorax Osella, 1980, P. chimborazoi can easily be distinguished by i) bigger size, ii) pronotum narrower than elytra, iii) rostrum punctate without striae, iv) cup-shaped first club segment, and v) bottle shaped spermatheca.