The phyllophorid sea cucumbers of southern Australia (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida: Phyllophoridae) Author O’Loughlin, P. Mark Author Barmos, Shari Author VandenSpiegel, Didier text Memoirs of Museum Victoria 2012 2012-12-31 69 269 308 https://museumsvictoria.com.au/collections-research/journals/memoirs-of-museum-victoria/volume-69-2012/pages-269-308/ journal article 10.24199/j.mmv.2012.69.05 1447-2554 12212378 Thyonidiella kungi O’Loughlin sp. nov. Figures 1d , 8 Material examined . Holotype . Australia , Bass Strait , VIMS 81 –T–1, NZOI RV Tangaroa stn 176, 38°54.3'S , 147°13.4'E , 58 m , coarse shell, 18 Nov 1981 , NMV F76637 . Paratypes . Type locality and date, NMV F174910 (1) ; VIMS 81 – T–1 stn 171, 38°53.7'S , 147°55.2'E , 71 m , shelly sand, 17 Nov 1981 , NMV F76635 (3) ; VIMS 81 – T–1 stn 177, 38°53.7'S , 147°06.5'E , 58 m , coarse shell, 18 Nov 1981 , NMV F76638 (5). Other material . VIMS 81 –T–1 stn 161, 39°47.3'S , 147°19.3'E , 60 m , muddy shell, 14 Nov 1981 , NMV F76636 (1) ; VIMS 81 –T–1 stn 174, 39°14.8'S , 147°31.5'E , 57 m , muddy shell, 18 Nov 1981 , NMV F76639 (5, very small) . Diagnosis . Up to 16 mm long, up to 5 mm diameter (preserved, tentacles withdrawn), cylindrical body, rounded end orally, tapered to rounded end anally, thick soft body wall; external anal scales not detected; 15 tentacles in 2 series, 5 outer pairs large, 5 single inner small; complete spaced cover of tube feet, diameter up to about 0.2 mm ; calcareous ring with 10 posterior composite tapering projections arising in pairs from radial plates only, posterior projections free thin tails each comprising about 5 elongate plates, ring not tubular, anterior radial plate narrowing slightly with deep central split, lacking lateral small notches, interradial plates not composite; single polian vesicle; longitudinal muscles flat, not divided. Mid-body dorsal wall lacking ossicles; tube foot ossicles endplates and support ossicles only, endplates with denticulate margin, irregular sub-equal perforations, diameters up to 184 µ m, endplate support ossicles dumbbell-shaped, distally perforate with denticulate margin, up to 120 µ m long; tentacles with rods and rosettes, larger rods dumbbell-shaped, widened and perforate distally with denticulate margin, up to 304 µ m long, rosettes up to 88 µ m long; anal ossicles tube foot endplates and support rods, tentacle-like rods, rosettes, 5 scales comprising base up to 320 µ m wide with digitiform column up to 240 µ m long, base and column comprising massed short branched rods. Specimen 3 mm long with radial tube feet; cucumariid ring lacking posterior prolongations; mid-body ossicles solid 4-pillared tables, irregular multi-perforate discs up to 184 µ m long, high spires with 4 cross connections, up to 136 µ m high; mid-body tube feet with endplates up to 152 µ m diameter, perforations small centrally, large peripherally, margin denticulate, endplate support rods dumbbell-shaped, up to184 µ m long. Colour (preserved) . Body pale brown. Etymology . Named for the Taiwanese FRV Hai Kung that conducted part of the survey of the benthic marine fauna of eastern Bass Strait for the former Victorian Institute of Marine Sciences. Distribution . Eastern Bass Strait, 38– 40°S , 147– 148°E , 58–71 m , coarse shell, mud and sand. Remarks. Thyonidiella kungi O’Loughlin sp. nov. is distinguished from other southern Australia Phyllophoridae species in the key (above).