Three new species and new records of the orb-weaving spider genus Philoponella (Araneae, Uloboridae) from Brazil and Ecuador Author Faleiro, Bárbara T. Author Santos, Adalberto J. text Zootaxa 2014 3754 5 572 582 journal article 46628 10.11646/zootaxa.3754.5.3 cc6f92c4-6db7-4694-9986-80ee6463f108 1175-5326 226016 A0F48E2A-5B80-4925-800C-F38916B6AACF Philoponella duopunctata new species ( Figs. 1D–G , 4A–G , 6C–F , 7A ) Types . Male holotype (UFMG 12264) from Brazil , Acre: Senador Guiomard (Fazenda Experimental Catuaba, 10°5’30”S 67°37’54”W , 214 m ), 6–16 July 2012 , P.R. Zanoli & I.A. Barros leg . Female paratype (UFMG 12261) from the same locality, 9–18 April 2012 , P.R. Zanoli & I.A. Barros leg . FIGURE 4A–G. Philoponella duopunctata n. sp. A–B, male holotype, left palp. A, retrolateral. B, apical. C–E, female paratype, epigynum. C, ventral. D, posterior; E, cleared, dorsal. F–G, male holotype, left palpal femur. F, ventral. G, retrolateral. Abbreviations: CBL, conductor basal lobe; CD, copulatory duct; CS, conductor spike; E, embolus; MAB, median apophysis bulb; MAS, median apophysis spur; MH, median hematodocha; MHP, median hematodocha process; PP, posterior plate; S, spermatheca; SB, spermatheca base; ST, subtegulum; T, tegulum. Scale bars: A–E, 0.1mm; F–G, 0.04mm. FIGURE 5 A–F. Philoponella opelli n. sp. A–D, male holotype, left palp. A, retrolateral. B, median apophysis and conductor. C, conductor basal lobe. D, leg I setae. E–F, female paratype, pancreatin-digested epigynum. E, dorsal. F, left spermathecae and copulatory duct. Abbreviations: CBL, conductor basal lobe; CD, copulatory duct; CO, copulatory opening; CS, conductor spike; E, embolus; MAB, median apophysis bulb; MAS, median apophysis spur; MH, median hematodocha; PS, plumose setae; S, spermatheca; SM, squamous macrosetae; ST, subtegulum; T, tegulum. Arrow: tip of embolus. Etymology. The specific name refers to two characteristic ventral black spots on the abdomen of this species. Diagnosis. Males of Philoponella duopunctata can be distinguished from all other tropical American Philoponella species by the presence of a retrolateral process at the median hematodocha ( Fig. 4A ). Females can be recognized by the posterior insertion of copulatory duct in spermathecae and the large base of spermathecae ( Fig. 4E ). Males and females differ from other Philoponella by the presence of a ventral black spot on the spinnerets and other on the epigastric plate ( Fig.1 E, G ). Description. Male ( holotype ). Total length 2.29, carapace length 0.99, sternum length 0.51, abdomen length 1.30; leg I, length of articles: femur 1.02, patella 0.20, tibia 0.92, metatarsus 0.94, tarsus 0.66. Length of tibia II 0.41, III 0.28, IV 0.56. Carapace pale-yellow, ocular area black ( Fig. 1D ). Chelicerae pale-yellow. Endites and labium black, sternum gray ( Fig. 1E ). Legs pale-yellow ( Figs. 1D, E ). Abdomen dorsally light gray with a few white spots ( Fig. 1D ), ventrally pale-yellow with one black spot on the epigastric plate and another just anterior to the spinnerets ( Fig. 1E ). Anal tubercle and posterior lateral spinnerets black, posterior median spinnerets light grey, and anterior lateral spinnerets light grey with black margin ( Fig. 1E ). Embolus filiform, in clockwise direction in left palp ( Fig. 4B ). Median apophysis bulb tumescent, covering the embolus ( Figs. 4 AB, 6C). Conductor basal lobe almost as long as wide, bean-shaped in retrolateral view ( Figs. 4A , 6C ). Median hematodocha process with a narrow base and a dorsal rounded and a pointed ventral projections ( Fig. 4A , 6C ). Prolateral tubercle of the palpal femur absent, retrolateral small and rounded ( Fig. 1 FG). Female ( paratype ). Total length 2.36, carapace length 0.76, sternum length 0.43, abdomen length 1.60, leg I, length of articles: femur 1.14, patella 0.25, tibia 1.02, metatarsus 0.97, tarsus 0.61. Length of tibia II 0.48, III 0.28, IV 0.69. Colour pattern as in male, except by carapace white and legs dusky-grey ( Figs. 1F, G ). Epigynum with a deep atrium with large posterior and anterior rims ( Fig. 4C ), copulatory openings in the posterior half of atrium, posterior plate trapezoidal ( Fig. 4D ). Spermathecae ovoid with a large base and few apical pores ( Fig. 6F ), copulatory ducts short with posterior insertion in the spermathecae, hidden behind a large dorsal membrane ( Figs. 4E , 6E ), fertilization ducts inconspicuous ( Fig. 4E ). Variation. Male (N = 6). Carapace length 0.86–0.89, sternum length 0.38–0.46, abdomen length 1.09–1.17. Female (N = 17). Carapace length 0.76–0.86, sternum length 0.43–0.51, abdomen length 1.14–1.58. Additional material examined. Brazil , Acre : Senador Guiomard (Estação Experimental Catuaba, 10°5’30”S 67°37’54”W , 214 m ), 9–18.IV.2012 , P.R. Zanoli & I.A. Barros leg., 2♂ 1♀ ( UFMG 12262); 1♀ ( UFMG 12263); 3♀ ( UFMG 12269); ditto, 6–16.VII.2012 , P.R. Zanoli & I.A. Barros leg., 3♀ ( UFMG 12265); 2♂ 4♀ ( UFMG 12266); 1♀ ( UFMG 12267); 1♂ 3♀ ( UFMG 12268). Distribution . Known only from the type locality ( Fig. 7A ).