An annotated checklist of Platypodinae and Scolytinae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Iran Author Beaver, Roger A. Author Ghahari, Hassan Author Sanguansub, Sunisa text Zootaxa 2016 4098 3 401 441 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.4098.3.1 8770e7d9-65f4-4cee-a935-a5f365a95f32 1175-5326 258895 00F1BDB5-AB25-47A0-B789-2E05D2E683DE Pityogenes calcaratus (Eichhoff, 1878) Distribution in Iran . East Azarbaijan ( Samin et al . 2011 ). General distribution. Southern Europe, North Africa, Israel , Syria , Turkey . Biology. The species breeds in species of Pinus (Pinaceae) . Recorded in Iran from Pinus brutia (Pinaceae) ( Samin et al . 2011 ). The species usually breeds in branches of small diameter ( Chararas 1962 ). The gallery system resembles that of P. bidentatus ( Schedl 1966 ) . Diurnal flight patterns were studied by Mendel et al . (1991) . Together with Orthotomicus erosus , its attacks on pine plantations after thinning or damage by fire can result in mass mortality of trees ( Mendel et al . 1991 ).