Minimalist revision and description of 403 new species in 11 subfamilies of Costa Rican braconid parasitoid wasps, including host records for 219 species
Author
Sharkey, Michael J.
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6201-7340
The Hymenoptera Institute, 116 Franklin Ave., Redlands, CA, 92373, USA
msharkey@uky.edu
Author
Janzen, Daniel H.
Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 - 6018, USA
Author
Hallwachs, Winnie
Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 - 6018, USA
Author
Chapman, Eric G.
Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546 - 0091, USA
Author
Smith, M. Alex
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8650-2575
Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph and Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada
Author
Dapkey, Tanya
Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA
Author
Brown, Allison
Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA
Author
Ratnasingham, Sujeevan
Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA
Author
Naik, Suresh
Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA
Author
Manjunath, Ramya
Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA
Author
Perez, Kate
Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA
Author
Milton, Megan
Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA
Author
Hebert, Paul
Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA
Author
Shaw, Scott R.
Department of Ecosystem Science, University of Wyoming, 1000 East University Avenue, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, USA
Author
Kittel, Rebecca N.
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0032-5764
Museum Wiesbaden, Hessisches Landesmuseum fuer Kunst und Natur, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 2, 65185 Wiesbaden, Germany
Author
Solis, M. Alma
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6379-1004
Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Beltsville Agriculture Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, c / o National Museum Natural History, MRC 168, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington, DC, 20013 - 7012, USA
Author
Metz, Mark A.
Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Beltsville Agriculture Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, c / o National Museum Natural History, MRC 168, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington, DC, 20013 - 7012, USA
Author
Goldstein, Paul Z.
Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Beltsville Agriculture Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, c / o National Museum Natural History, MRC 168, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington, DC, 20013 - 7012, USA
Author
Brown, John W.
Division of Entomology, PO Box 37012 12. National Museum of Natural History E 515 MRC 127, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA
Author
Quicke, Donald L. J.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
Author
Achterberg, C. van
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6495-4853
Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Postbus 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
Author
Brown, Brian V.
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6367-6057
Department of Entomology, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, 90007, USA
Author
Burns, John M.
Division of Entomology, PO Box 37012 12. National Museum of Natural History E 515 MRC 127, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA
text
ZooKeys
2021
2021-02-02
1013
1
665
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1013.55600
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1013.55600
1313-2970-1013-1
CFDCEFBB523040339D46E302F66E9886
E4329863A39E5EEBA395938413BDD579
Bracon tihisiaboshartae Sharkey
sp. nov.
Figures 72
, 73
Diagnostics.
BOLD:AAA5367. Consensus barcode. TGTATTATATTTTTTATTTGGAATATGAGCYGGAATAATTGGTTTATCAATAAGTTTAATTATTCGTTTAGAATTAGGRATACCAGGTAGTTTAYTAGGTAATGATCAAATTTATAATAGTATAGTTACAGCKCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCAGTAATATTAGGAGGWTTTGGTAATTGATTAGTTCCTTTAATATTAGGTGCTCCTGATATAGCTTTYCCTCGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTATTAATTCCTTCATTAATTTTATTATTATTAAGAAGAATTTTAAATGTTGGTGTAGGRACAGGCTGAACTATTTATCCTCCTTTATCTTCTATAATAGGTCATAGAGGWATATCTGTRGATTTATCTATTTTYTCTTTACATTTAGCTGGTATTTCTTCTATTATAGGATCGATTAATTTTATTACAACAATTTTAAATATACATTTATTAATATTAAAATTAGATCAATTAACTTTATTTATTTGATCAATTTTTATTACAACTATTTTATTATTATTATCTTTACCTGTATTAGCAGGAGCTATTACTATAYTATTAACTGATCGAAATTTWAATACTTCATTTTTTGATTTTTCTGGAGGTGGGGATCCAATTYTATTTCAACATTTATTT.
Bracon tihisiaboshartae
and
B. alejandromasisi
occupy the same BIN.
Bracon tihisiaboshartae
can be differentiated from
B. alejandromasisi
by the color of the metasomal terga: entirely yellow in
B. tihisiaboshartae
and partly black in
B. alejandromasisi
. The two can also be differentiated based on their host caterpillars and style of cocoons, see note below.
Holotype ♀.
Guanacaste, Sector Mundo Nuevo, Quebrada Tibio Perla,
10.76261
,
-85.42979
, 330 meters, caterpillar collection date: 17/xi/2013, wasp eclosion date: 1/xii/2013, 26 wasps eclosed. Depository: CNC.
Host data
.
Gregarious parasitoid of
Memphis boisduvali
(
Nymphalidae
) feeding on
Mespilodaphne veraguensis
(
Lauraceae
) (Fig.
72
)
Caterpillar and holotype voucher codes
.
13-SRNP-57185, DHJPAR0054608.
Paratype.
Host =
Memphis pithyusa
: DHJPAR0040072. Depository: CNC.
Note.
Bracon alejandromasisi
and
Bracon tihisiaboshartae
are placed in the same BIN, but their COI barcodes differ by ca. 1%, and each is reared from different genera of caterpillars (
Consul
,
Memphis
) feeding on very different plants (
Piper
,
Croton
). The cocoons of the former are dark brown and tightly fill the caterpillar nest (Fig.
32
), whereas the cocoons of the later are white-golden and form an irregular mass in a much looser leaf roll nest of the host caterpillar, not filling it (Fig.
73
). Experience has shown that with this level of difference within ACG ecosystems and hosts, larger sample sizes demonstrate that this species-level taxonomic hypothesis is almost certainly correct.
Etymology.
Bracon tihisiaboshartae
is name in honor of Tihisia Boshart in specific recognition of her rapid and high-quality rendering of artwork for
Hymenoptera
and
Lepidoptera
patronyms for major Costa Rican decision-makers helping ACG.
Figure 72.
Bracon tihisiaboshartae
, holotype.
Figure 73.
Bracon tihisiaboshartae
(09-SRNP-56390-DHJ474143.jpg) white-golden cocoons piled together in two masses on the leaf, rather than filling the nest cavity as the case with
Bracon alejandromasisi
; wasp exit hole is in the mass on the left.