The velvet spiders: an atlas of the Eresidae (Arachnida, Araneae) Author Miller, Jeremy A. Author Griswold, Charles E. Author Scharff, Nikolaj Author Řezac, Milan Author Szűts, Tamas Author Marhabaie, Mohammad text ZooKeys 2012 195 1 144 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.195.2342 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.195.2342 1313-2970-195-1 Dorceus fastuosus C. L. Koch Figs 8 E-H12D-F 16B, E26-32 Dorceus fastuosus C. L. Koch, 1846: 15, fig. 1088; Simon 1886 : 366; 1892 : 254, fig. 205; Lehtinen 1967 : 231; El-Hennawy 2002 : 61, figs 1, 3-4, 11, 15-20. Erythrophora fastuosus (C. L. Koch, 1846). Simon 1864 : 300. Dorceus caniceps Simon 1910 : 291. Synonymy in El-Hennawy 2002 : 61. Dorceus viberti Simon 1910 : 292. Synonymy in Lehtinen 1967 : 231. Dorceus canicipiti Simon 1910 : 294 (nomen nudum); Roewer 1954 : 1291. Synonymy in El-Hennawy 2002 : 62. Description. Male (Mashabin Sand Dunes, Israel, MR006, HUJ): Carapace with few white setae; cephalic region subrectangular, wider than long, strongly raised, with sil very patches around some eyes; AME slightly smaller than PME (AME/PME 0.95), median eyes adjacent on horizontal axis, slightly overlapping on vertical axis; ALE tubercles absent; PER as wide as AER (PER/AER 0.99), PLE position on carapace 0.45; clypeal hood forms a nearly 90° angle; fovea moderately deep (Figs 8E, F, 26 A-D , 28A). Chelicerae slightly excavated mesally, with lateral boss (Figs 26C, 28B). Legs with bands of white setae; with row of distal ventral macrosetae on metatarsus I-IV , one subdistal ventral macroseta on tibia IV, and scattered ventral macrosetae on metatarsus and tarsus I-IV , strongest and most numerous on metatarsus and tarsus IV. Abdomen gray, white dorsally with large dark heart mark (Fig. 26A). Male palp with proximal-distal axis; tegulum bulbous; conductor and embolus together form apical complex making one helical turn (Fig. 27C, E); conductor tapers to point; tegular division longer than embolic division; cymbium with several prolateral macrosetae (Figs 12 D-F , 26I, J, 27 A-E ). Female (Mashabim Reserve, Israel, MR): Carapace with scattered white setae; cephalic region subrectangular, wider than long, strongly raised (Fig. 26H); AME slightly smaller than PME (AME/PME 0.83), median eyes slightly overlapping on horizontal axis, separated on vertical axis; ALE tubercles absent; PER as wide as AER (PER/AER 0.97), PLE position on carapace 0.47; clypeal hood forms a nearly 90° angle; fovea moderately deep (Figs 8G, H, 26 E-H , 29A, B). Chelicerae contiguous mesally, with lateral boss (Fig. 26G). Legs with row of distal ventral macrosetae on metatarsus III-IV and numerous macrosetae on metatarsus and tarsus III-IV . Abdomen without conspicuous white setae (Fig. 26E, H). Epigynum with curved, converging slit-like atria occupying ca. the posterior half, anterior-lateral margin a curved ridge with median septum leading to subtrapezoidal median lobe (Figs 16B, 29C). Vulva with spermathecal heads set anterior-mesally on sinuous stalks leading to multilobed spermathecae that diverge posteriorly (Figs 16E, 29 D-F ). Figure 26. A-J Dorceus fastuosus . A-D , I-J male from Mashabin Sand Dunes, Israel (MR006, HUJ) E-H female from Mashabim sand dunes, Israel (MR002, MR) A-D habitus of male, photomicrographs E-H habitus of female, photomicrographs J, K illustrations of left male palp. A, E dorsal view B, F ventral view C, G anterior view D, H lateral view. I prolateral view. J retrolateral view. C conductor E embolus ST subtegulum T tegulum. Figure 27. A-F Dorceus fastuosus from Mashabin Sand Dunes, Israel (MR006, HUJ), scanning electron micrographs of left male palp. A prolateral view B retrolateral view C detail of embolic division, prolateral view D ventral view E detail of embolic division, ventral view F palpal tibia, dorsal view. C conductor E embolus ST subtegulum T tegulum. Figure 28. A-D Dorceus fastuosus , male from Mashabin sand dunes, Israel (MR006, HUJ), scanning electron micrographs. A prosoma, anterior view B left chelicerae, lateral view C chelicerae, anterior distal view showing fangs and teeth D epiandrous region. Figure 29. A-F Dorceus fastuosus , female from Mashabim sand dunes, Israel (MR002, MR), scanning electron micrographs. A median eye group B prosoma, dorsal C epigynum, ventral view D cleared vulva, dorsal view E detail, left spermathecal head F detail, right spermatheca. ML median lobe S spermatheca SH spermathecal head. Figure 30. A-F Dorceus fastuosus , female from Mashabim sand dunes, Israel (MR002, MR), scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets. A left ALS B left PMS C detail of left PMS D left PLS E aciniform field on left PLS F modified spigot and flanking aciniform gland spigot on left PLS. Unlabeled spigots in B and C thought to be a mixture of aciniform gland spigots and cylindrical gland spigots. AC aciniform gland spigot MAP major ampullate gland spigot mAP minor ampullate gland spigot MS modified spigot PI piriform gland spigot. Figure 31. A-F Dorceus fastuosus , female from Mashabim sand dunes, Israel (MR002, MR), scanning electron micrographs. A detail of spigots on left ALS B cribellum C detail cribellar spigots D trichobothrium, left tibia IV E calamistrum, left metatarsus IV F detail, calamistrum seta, left metatarsus IV. MAP major ampullate gland spigot PI piriform gland spigot. Figure 32. A-F Dorceus fastuosus , male from Mashabin Sand Dunes, Israel (MR006, HUJ), scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets. A overview B left ALS C left PMS D left PLS E vestigial cribellum F modified spigot and flanking aciniform spigot on left PLS. AC aciniform gland spigot ALS anterior lateral spinneret MAP major ampullate gland spigot mAP minor ampullate gland spigot MS modified spigot PI piriform gland spigot PLS posterior lateral spinneret PMS posterior median spinneret. Spinneret spigot morphology (Mashabim sand dunes, Israel, MR002, MR and MR006, HUJ). Female ALS with at least 3 MAP near inner edge of spinning field of more the 50 PI (Figs 30A, 31A); male with about 25 PI spigots, 1 possible MAP visible (Fig. 32B). Female PMS with 1 anterior mAP and 20 spigots of various sizes posterior to this (Fig. 30B, C); male with 1 mAP and only 7 AC spigots (Fig. 32C), suggesting that female may have AC and CY spigots. Female PLS with anterior-basal MS and 1 accompanying AC, distal field of about 40 AC (Fig. 30 D-F ); male same except with only 12 AC (Fig. 32D). Male cribellar plate with no sign of spigots (Fig. 32E); epiandrous gland spigots present (Fig. 28D).