The first pararchaeid spider (Araneae: Pararchaeidae) from New Caledonia, with a discussion on spinneret spigots and egg sac morphology in Ozarchaea Author Rix, Michael G. Author Harvey, Mark S. text Zootaxa 2010 2414 27 40 journal article 10.5281/zenodo.194372 a725ca38-d204-4efc-a328-b0ea06e27492 1175-5326 194372 Flavarchaea humboldti n. sp. Figs 1–11 Type material. NOUVELLE CALÉDONIE: Province Sud : holotype female, Mont Humboldt, 21º53’S , 166º24’E , 1400 m , pyrethrum fogging trees and logs in moss forest, 6–7 November 2002 , G. Monteith, C. Burwell ( MNHN ). Paratypes : 2 females , same data as holotype ( QMB S88155 ); 1 female , same data as holotype ( WAM T99064). Etymology. The specific epithet is a patronym in honour of the German naturalist, geologist and explorer Alexander von Humboldt ( 1769–1859 ) – one of the founding figures of modern geography – after whom the type locality of ‘Mont Humboldt’ is named. Phylogenetic affinities. Although male specimens are required to definitively diagnose the pararchaeid genera ( Rix 2006 ), this species is extremely similar to Australian species of Flavarchaea (e.g. F. anzac Rix, 2006 ) in possessing numerous rows of setae on the dorsal pars cephalica ( Figs 1, 3 ), receptacula with ‘noselike’ inner lobes ( Figs 9–10 ), a row of curved, peg-like setae on femur I (e.g. see Fig. 31 ), and a uniformly pale body colouration ( Figs 1–8 ). FIGURES 1–4. Holotype female Flavarchaea humboldti n. sp. from Mont Humboldt, New Caledonia: 1, habitus, dorsal view; 2, habitus, ventral view; 3, carapace, dorsal view; 4, sternum, ventral view, showing strongly reticulate cuticle. FIGURES 5–8. Holotype female Flavarchaea humboldti n. sp. from Mont Humboldt, New Caledonia: 5, habitus, antero-lateral view; 6, cephalothorax, frontal view; 7, abdomen, ventral view; 8, epigyne, ventral view. FIGURES 9–10. Cleared, dissected epigyne of paratype female Flavarchaea humboldti n. sp. from Mont Humboldt, New Caledonia: 9, receptacula, dorsal view; 10, detail of receptacula, showing ducts. Arrows denote the trajectory of insemination ducts. cR, internal chamber of receptaculum; EF, epigastric furrow; FD, fertilisation duct; ID, insemination duct; ilR, ‘nose-like’ inner lobe of receptaculum. Diagnosis. Females of Flavarchaea humboldti n. sp. can be distinguished from all described Australian species of Flavarchaea by the profile of the external epigyne ( Fig. 8 ) and the shape of the receptacula, which are strongly arched and bear oval, anteriorly-directed, ‘nose-like’ inner lobes ( Figs 9–10 ) (see also Rix 2006 , figs 58–64, for a comparison with other described species). Males are unknown. Description. Female ( holotype ): Dimensions : total length 2.11; carapace 0.85 long, 0.52 wide; abdomen 1.31 long, 1.07 wide; leg I femur 0.52 long. Colour : carapace, chelicerae, sternum dark tan-yellow; legs dark tan-yellow with lighter cream patellae and distal tibiae; abdomen cream with light brown sigillae and setal sclerotic spots. Carapace : rhomboidal in lateral profile, with pars cephalica steeply elevated anterior to coxa III; dorsal surface of pars cephalica convex, sloping down to anterior median eyes from posterior margin ( Fig. 5 ); numerous curved setae present on dorsal pars cephalica and around eyes and clypeus ( Fig. 3 ). Eyes : eight present on antero-dorsal aspect of pars cephalica; AME, lateral eyes paired; PME separated by slightly more than twice their own diameter ( Figs 1, 3 ). Sternum : longer than wide, posteriorly obtuse ( Fig. 4 ); fused to lateral margins of carapace around petiole and anterior to coxa III, IV. Labium : wider than long, fused to anterior margin of sternum; not rebordered. Maxillae : directed across labium, distally convergent; serrula a single row of teeth. Chelicerae : rectangular, 2x longer than wide, constricted proximally ( Fig. 6 ), protruding from oval foramen in cephalothorax, with pronounced keel extending along pro-ventral margin; peg tooth group A (PTA) with five peg teeth adjacent to fang; peg tooth group B (PTB) with three peg teeth near tip of fang; peg tooth group C (PTC) with three larger peg teeth on pro-dorsal margin adjacent to PTB; paturon also with numerous moveable setae on ventral surface. Abdomen : globose, broadly oval in dorsal profile, with two pairs of sigillae dorsally and ventrally ( Figs 1–2 ); two, small, square post-epigastric sclerites situated slightly posterior to epigastric furrow ( Figs 7–8 ). Spinnerets : six, posterior to colulus; surrounded dorsally and ventrally by separate, weakly sclerotised strips; posterior tracheal spiracle surrounded by small, oval sclerite. Legs : leg formula IV, I, II, III; short (leg I femur-carapace ratio 0.61), three-clawed, covered in short setae; retrolateral femur I with proximal, dorsally-curved row of five stout, peg-like setae; tibiae each with two long trichobothria; metatarsi each with single trichobothrium; tarsal organ capsulate. Pedipalp : five-segmented, without claw; tibia with single trichobothrium. Epigyne : entelegyne, relatively small, only slightly broader than petiole ( Figs 8–10 ); receptacula ‘comma-shaped’, strongly arched, with complex internal chambers; each receptaculum with bulbous distal portion bearing oval, anteriorly-directed, ‘nose-like’ inner lobe ( Figs 9–10 ); fertilisation ducts short, strongly-curved ( Fig. 10 ). Male: Unknown. Distribution and habitat. This species is known only from montane rainforest near the summit of Mont Humboldt, 46 km north of Nouméa, New Caledonia ( Fig. 11 ). The type specimens were collected by pyrethrum fogging trees and logs in a moss forest at 1400 m altitude.