Identification of two new species and a new host record of Distoseptispora (Distoseptisporaceae, Distoseptisporales, Sordariomycetes) from terrestrial and freshwater habitats in Southern China Author Chen, Xue-Mei https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8631-0735 School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang 550003, China & Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan 655011, China Author Tang, Xia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2705-604X Engineering and Research Center for Southwest Biopharmaceutical Resource of National Education Ministry of China, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China & Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand Author Ma, Jian https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1291-640X School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang 550003, China & Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand Author Liu, Ning-Guo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9169-2350 School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang 550003, China Author Tibpromma, Saowaluck https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4706-6547 Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan 655011, China Author Karunarathna, Samantha C. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7080-0781 Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan 655011, China & National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka Author Xiao, Yuan-Pin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1730-3545 School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang 550003, China Author Lu, Yong-Zhong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1033-5782 School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang 550003, China & Engineering and Research Center for Southwest Biopharmaceutical Resource of National Education Ministry of China, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China yzlu@git.edu.cn text MycoKeys 2024 2024-02-09 102 83 105 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.102.115452 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.102.115452 1314-4049-102-83 62A2CE55AA8C517D80E284D313F4DFC4 Distoseptispora lanceolatispora X.M. Chen & Y.Z. Lu sp. nov. Fig. 3 Etymology. Referring to the lanceolate conidia. Holotype. GZAAS 22-2045. Description. Saprobic on submerged decaying wood in freshwater habitat. Sexual morph : Undetermined. Asexual morph: Colonies on substrate effuse, gregarious, hairy, pale brown to brown. Mycelium mostly immersed, composed of septate, yellow-brown to brown, smooth hyphae. Conidiophores 120-190 x 4-8 µm (x- = 155 x 6.5 µm , n = 20), macronematous, mononematous, erect, solitary, straight or slightly flexuous, grayish brown to dark brown, slightly tapering towards the apex, cylindrical, 7-8-septate, unbranched, thick-walled, smooth-walled. Conidiogenous cells 15-27 x 3-5.5 µm (x- = 20.5 x 4.5 µm , n = 20), monoblastic, integrated, terminal, cylindrical, slightly tapering towards the apex, pale brown, percurrent. Conidia 31-90 x 9.5-15 µm (x- = 58.5 x 13 µm , n = 20), acrogenous, solitary, fusiform or lanceolate, rostrate, truncate at the base, straight or slightly curved, 5-13-distoseptate, slightly constricted at septa, olivaceous to olivaceous brown, slightly paler at the apex, verrucous, with or without apical, hyalina appendages. Figure 3. Distoseptispora lanceolatispora (GZAAS 22-2045, holotype) a, b colonies on substrate c-e conidiophores and conidia f, g conidiogenous cells bearing conidia h-k conidia l germinated conidium m, n colony on PDA ( m from front n from reverse). Scale bars: 50 μm ( c-g ); 30 μm ( h-l ). Culture characteristics. Colonies grown on PDA circular, dense, flat, dry, gray to dark gray, radially striated, and a ring in the middle of the colonies with an entire edge from the front view, dark brown to black with a circular, gray edge from reverse view, not pigmented. Material examined. China , Hainan Province , on submerged decaying wood in a freshwater stream, 23 October 2021 , Jian Ma, J 13 (GZAAS 22-2045, holotype ), ex-type living culture, GZCC 22-2045 . Notes. Distoseptispora lanceolatispora is morphologically similar to D. leonensis (M.B. Ellis) R. Zhu & H. Zhang. However, compared to D. lanceolatispora , D. leonensis has longer conidiophores (120-190 µm vs. 110-130 µm ), longer conidiogenous cells (15-27 µm vs. 5-15 µm ), and 5-13-distoseptate, fusiform or lanceolate conidia ( Zhang et al. 2022 ). In the phylogenetic analyses (Fig. 1 ), D. lanceolatispora forms a unique clade adjacent to D. neorostrata D.F. Bao, Z.L. Luo & H.Y. Su with 100% ML, 1 PP, and 98% MP support. Based on a pairwise nucleotide comparison of ITS and LSU sequences, D. lanceolatispora deviates from D. neorostrata by 39/529 bp (6.8%) for ITS and 14/850 bp (1.6%) for LSU, and there is no data available for tef 1-α and rpb 2 for D. neorostrata (MFLUCC 18-0376) in GenBank. Hence, we introduce the new species, D. lanceolatispora , based on the criteria established by Jeewon and Hyde (2016) and Chethana et al. (2021) .