Revision of Belvosia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera, Tachinidae) and 33 new species from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste in northwestern Costa Rica with a key to known North and Mesoamerican species Author Fleming, AJ https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0943-8047 Agriculture Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Canada ajfleming604@gmail.com Author Woodley, Norman https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9279-5271 ARS USDA, Arizona, United States of America Author Smith, M. Alex https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8650-2575 University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada Author Hallwachs, Winnie Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America Author Janzen, Daniel H https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7335-5107 Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America text Biodiversity Data Journal 2023 2023-06-30 11 103667 103667 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e103667 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e103667 1314-2828-11-e103667 DA550910FE964DCF94A8D976762247F2 A5CB08B2813E5530B1AA5DC8EFAC5453 Belvosia keinoraragoni Fleming & Woodley sp. nov. Materials Type status: Holotype . Occurrence : occurrenceDetails: http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu; catalogNumber: DHJPAR0037236 ; recordedBy: D.H. Janzen , W. Hallwachs & Guillermo Pereira ; individualID: DHJPAR0037236; individualCount: 1 ; sex: Male ; lifeStage: adult ; preparations: pinned; otherCatalogNumbers: ASHYC3981-10, 09-SRNP-14321, BOLD:AAB3033; occurrenceID: 4D607B44-170D-5896-9FC6-DE009382CB10 ; Taxon : scientificName: Belvosia keinoraragoni; phylum: Arthropoda ; class: Insecta ; order: Diptera ; family: Tachinidae ; genus: Belvosia ; specificEpithet: keinoraragoni; scientificNameAuthorship: Fleming & Woodley , 2023; Location : continent: Central America ; country: Costa Rica ; countryCode: CR; stateProvince: Guanacaste ; county: Sector Santa Rosa ; locality: Area de Conservacion Guanacaste ; verbatimLocality: Camino Borrachos ; verbatimElevation: 295 ; verbatimLatitude: 10.8429; verbatimLongitude: -85.6161; verbatimCoordinateSystem: Decimal ; decimalLatitude: 10.8429 ; decimalLongitude: -85.6161 ; Identification : identifiedBy: AJ Fleming ; dateIdentified: 2022; Event : samplingProtocol: Reared from the larvae of the Saturniidae , Eacles imperialisDHJ02 ; verbatimEventDate: 22-Sep-2009 ; Record Level: language: en; institutionCode: CNC; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: Pinned Specimen Type status: Paratype . Occurrence : occurrenceDetails: http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu; catalogNumber: DHJPAR0001919 ; recordedBy: D.H. Janzen , W. Hallwachs & gusaneros ; individualID: DHJPAR0001919; individualCount: 1 ; sex: Female ; lifeStage: adult ; preparations: pinned; otherCatalogNumbers: HCIC435-05, 91-SRNP-380.29, BOLD:AAB3033; occurrenceID: 3F2B37C9-304B-5568-9E4D-FF86C4D72A95 ; Taxon : scientificName: Belvosia keinoraragoni; phylum: Arthropoda ; class: Insecta ; order: Diptera ; family: Tachinidae ; genus: Belvosia ; specificEpithet: keinoraragoni; scientificNameAuthorship: Fleming & Woodley , 2023; Location : continent: Central America ; country: Costa Rica ; countryCode: CR; stateProvince: Guanacaste ; county: Sector Santa Rosa ; locality: Area de Conservacion Guanacaste ; verbatimLocality: Bosque Encino Guacimal ; verbatimElevation: 285 ; verbatimLatitude: 10.8688; verbatimLongitude: -85.6023; verbatimCoordinateSystem: Decimal ; decimalLatitude: 10.8688 ; decimalLongitude: -85.6023 ; Identification : identifiedBy: AJ Fleming ; dateIdentified: 2022; Event : samplingProtocol: Reared from the larvae of the Saturniidae , Eacles imperialisDHJ02 ; verbatimEventDate: 25-Jul-1991 ; Record Level: language: en; institutionCode: CNC; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: Pinned Specimen Type status: Paratype . Occurrence : occurrenceDetails: http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu; catalogNumber: DHJPAR0001928 ; recordedBy: D.H. Janzen , W. Hallwachs & gusaneros ; individualID: DHJPAR0001928; individualCount: 1 ; sex: Male ; lifeStage: adult ; preparations: pinned; otherCatalogNumbers: HCIC444-05, 87-SRNP-602, BOLD:AAB3033; occurrenceID: 0F3E5350-98E2-5C63-9902-C5969143518D ; Taxon : scientificName: Belvosia keinoraragoni; phylum: Arthropoda ; class: Insecta ; order: Diptera ; family: Tachinidae ; genus: Belvosia ; specificEpithet: keinoraragoni; scientificNameAuthorship: Fleming & Woodley , 2023; Location : continent: Central America ; country: Costa Rica ; countryCode: CR; stateProvince: Guanacaste ; county: Sector Santa Rosa ; locality: Area de Conservacion Guanacaste ; verbatimLocality: Sendero Natural ; verbatimElevation: 290 ; verbatimLatitude: 10.8357; verbatimLongitude: -85.6125; verbatimCoordinateSystem: Decimal ; decimalLatitude: 10.8357 ; decimalLongitude: -85.6125 ; Identification : identifiedBy: AJ Fleming ; dateIdentified: 2022; Event : samplingProtocol: Reared from the larvae of the Saturniidae , Eacles imperialisDHJ02 ; verbatimEventDate: 20-Aug-1987 ; Record Level: language: en; institutionCode: CNC; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: Pinned Specimen Description Male (Fig. 66 ), length: 11-15mm. Head : head wider than thorax; vertex 1/3 head width; gena 1/3 of head height, 2/5 of eye height. Fronto-orbital plate silver with varying tonality of gold tomentum (ranging from very yellow-gold-silver with brassy tones), darkening slightly apically in some cases appearing glabrous or void of tomentum apically, with two rows of frontal setae, populated with short black hair-like setulae intermingled with setae, with a few dark colored setulae extending below lowest frontal seta; ocellar setae weak and slightly lateroclinate, ranging from hair-like to distinctly present, adjacent to anterior ocellus; orbital setae absent. Parafacial light yellow in ground color, densely covered in silver tomentum, entire surface reflective and brilliant appearance; almost bare along parafacial outside facial ridge, with only a small number of setulae extending just below lowest frontal setae; facial ridge setose along 1/2-3/4 of its length, with few black hair-like setulae emerging along outer edge of row; gena covered in black setulae. Antenna, pedicel black, concolorous with postpedicel; postpedicel black, 3X as long as pedicel; arista bare gradually tapering to a point at tip. Palps, orange throughout and densely covered in short black setulae; tapering to a slight point apically, devoid of setulae apically. Vibrissa approximately 2 pedicel lengths from facial margin. Thorax : black ground color throughout, except around post-alar callus where it is lighter brown, with light gray tomentum throughout; scutellum ground color light brown almost yellow, distinctly lighter than scutum, under microscope bronze tomentum throughout becomes visible; scutum with four dorsal vittae, one outer pair, one inner pair, both broken at suture; lateral surface of thorax densely covered in long hair-like setulae, these setulae all black; chaetotaxy: 3-4 strong setae on postpronotum arranged in a line, acrostichal setae 3:3-4; dorsocentral setae 3:4; intra-alar setae 3:3; supra-alar setae 2:3; 4-5 katepisternal setae; scutellum, with 4-5 pairs of long marginal setae of subequal length; apical scutellar setae absent; 1 complete row of scutellar discal setae just posterior to marginal setae. Wing : infuscate, slightly darkened orange at wing base, basicosta black to dark brown with slight accent of orange along caudal edge; both upper and lower calypters also infuscate concolorous with remainder of wing; wing vein R4+5 setose, bearing only 2-3 setulae at base; halteres orange stalk with dark black/brown capitulum. Legs : black overall, lightly covered in shimmering silver tomentum, coxa on midleg and hindleg covered in black setulae; tarsal claws yellow-orange with black tips, with orange pulvilli subequal to length of tarsal claws; anterodorsal row of setae on hind tibia irregularly sized not fringelike, with 3-4 longer stronger setae at least 2X as long as others. Abdomen : large, flattened globose, with orange ground color, bisected dorsomedially by an area of darker brown almost black ground color; tomentum absent from T1+2 and T3 with only very slight bronzy tomentum along anterior margin, gold tomentum covering anterior 60% of surface of T4, bisected medially by an area devoid of tomentum, densely gold tomentose throughout T5 not reaching to hind margin of tergite, black along caudal 10% of tergite, where it is devoid of gold; ventral surfaces of T3-T5 with no distinct sex-patches present; middorsal depression on ST1+2 reaching to hind margin of tergite; one pair of median marginal setae present on ST1+2 and T3, and complete rows of setae on T4 and T5; T5 devoid of any setulae in the area of gold tomentosity. Male terminalia (Fig. 67 ): sternite 5 with a deeply excavated median cleft along posterior edge, smoothly Y-shaped, margins covered in dense tomentum; posterior lobes rounded apically, with multiple strong setulae surrounded by many shorter weaker setulae. Anterior plate of sternite 5, 3/4ths length of posterior lobes; unsclerotized "window" on anterior plate of sternite 5 vaguely translucent directly basal to posterior lobes, ovoid rectangular. Cerci in posterior view triangular, slightly longer than surstyli; rounded at apex, medially to fused along posterior 2/3 of their length. Cerci when viewed laterally, narrow apically widening basally giving it a subtriangular shape, apically displaying an elongate indentation occupying 1/3 of length of cercus, inferior edge beyond indentation with a slight convexity. Surstylus in lateral view, subequal in length to cercus, narrow basally, widening to a broad spatulate shape, apically rounded with more curvature along upper edge; surstylus appearing to be separate and not fused with epandrium; when viewed posteriorly slightly convergent. Pregonite broad, well-developed, apically squared blunt, with 2-3 marginal setulae. Postgonite, narrowed, 1/3 as wide as pregonite, rounded and blunt at apex, subequal in length to pregonite. Distiphallus bean shaped, with a slender median longitudinal sclerotized reinforcement on its posterior surface and a broad, anterolateral, sclerotized acrophallus, on anterior surface near apex, 2X as long as basiphallus. Female (Fig. 68 ) length: 11-14mm, overall morphology as in male differing in the following traits: Head : fronto-orbital plate uniformly silver gray with darkened area much larger and shinier, bearing 3-4 pairs of proclinate orbital setae in addition to 1-2 pairs of reclinate orbital seta; profile of head not rounded as in males; vertex 1/3 of head width; palps slightly more pointed than males; gena 1/4 head height and 2/5 eye height. Thorax : Thoracic chaetotaxy, and tomentum as in males; setulae of anepimeron reddish yellow contrasting males black setulae. Abdomen : more globose than males, lacking the flattened character, setulae on abdomen not as dense appearing far less hirsute than male abdomen; differing in terminalia, and with very slight gold tomentum along anterior margin of T3. Diagnosis Belvosia keinoraragoni sp. n. can be distinguished from all other Belvosia by the following combination of traits: fronto-orbital plate silver with slight gold tonality, T3 with silver tomentum extending to underside of tergite, pilosity of gena, anepisternum, katepisternum black, basicosta black, with no apparent sex patch on T3-T5. Interim species-specific name included in previously circulating databases and publications, Belvosia Woodley09. Etymology Belvosia keinoraragoni sp. n , is named in honor of Sr. Keinor Aragon in recognition of his decades of being part of the Parataxonomist Program of Area de Conservacion Guanacaste (http://www.acguanacaste.ac.cr) in northwestern Costa Rica ( Janzen and Hallwachs 2011 ). Distribution Costa Rica, ACG, Guanacaste Province, 155-470m elevation. Ecology Belvosia keinoraragoni sp. n. has been reared 76 times from two species of Lepidoptera in the family Saturniidae , Eacles imperialis DHJ01 (N=1), Eacles imperialisDHJ02 (N=75), in rain forest, dry forest, and dry-rain lowland intergrade.