Revisiting the genus Tulipa (Liliaceae) in Kazakhstan, the country with the richest tulip diversity worldwide Author Kubentayev, Serik A. 0000-0002-0369-0591 Astana Botanical Garden, Astana 010016, Kazakhstan Author Baasanmunkh, Shukherdorj 0000-0003-4224-9376 Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea Author Alibekov, Daniyar T. 0000-0003-1555-1430 Astana Botanical Garden, Astana 010016, Kazakhstan Author Tojibaev, Komiljon Sh. 0000-0003-2846-5777 Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100125, Uzbekistan Author Nyamgerel, Nudkhuu 0000-0002-9110-423X Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea Author Ivashchenko, Anna A. 0000-0002-8526-4296 Institute of Zoology, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan Author Tsegmed, Zagarjav 0000-0002-6024-4918 Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea Author Epiktetov, Vladimir G. 0000-0001-5406-0568 Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan Author Sitpayeva, Gulnara T. 0000-0003-4614-6155 Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan Author Izbastina, Klara S. 0000-0002-6418-1950 Astana Botanical Garden, Astana 010016, Kazakhstan Author Idrissova, Zhansaya T. 0000-0003-3231-8518 Astana Botanical Garden, Astana 010016, Kazakhstan Author Mukhtubayeva, Saule K. 0000-0001-5921-3113 Astana Botanical Garden, Astana 010016, Kazakhstan Author Abubakirova, Nurganym B. 0000-0002-7503-0955 Astana Botanical Garden, Astana 010016, Kazakhstan Author Gil, Hee-Young 0000-0003-3714-0827 Department of Forest Biodiversity and Herbarium, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, Republic of Korea Author Choi, Hyeok Jae 0000-0001-6315-0071 Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea text PhytoKeys 2024 2024-12-23 250 95 163 journal article 10.3897/phytokeys.250.136736 Tulipa tetraphylla Regel, Trudy Imp. S. Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 3: 296 (1875) . Fig. 41 Type . Kyrgyzstan • Turkestaniae in valle Kotschkura, Kaulbars, Baro ( holotype LE, not located). General distribution. Kazakhstan , Kyrgyzstan , and China ( Xinjiang ) ( POWO 2024 ). Distribution in Kazakhstan and habitat. Ketmen Terskey Alatau, and Trans-Ili Kungey Alatau. This species grows on stony slopes, and steppe areas in the lower and middle zones of the mountains. Conservation status. Tulipa tetraphylla is a least concern species at the global level ( IUCN 2024 ). Phenology. Flowering in April – May; fruiting in June – July. Note. Tulipa tetraphylla was described by E. L. Regel in 1875 from collections from Central Tian Shan (Kochkur River basin, Kyrgyzstan ). Spontaneous hybrids with T. kolpakowskiana have also been reported ( Ivashchenko and Belyalov 2019 ; Vvedensky 1935 ). Tulipa tetraphylla is often found in its autotetraploid form ( Wilson 2023 ), although it also has a diploid form ( Botschantzeva 1962 ). The new species T. toktogulica B. D. Wilson & Lazkov from Jalal-Abad province was described in 2022. It is morphologically similar to T. tetraphylla but differs by fewer leaves (3 leaves) and weakly fragrant flowers. Figure 41. Tulipa tetraphylla in Kazakhstan A general habits B flowers. (Photos: A, B by S. Mukhtubayeva).