Synopsis of Schizanthus Ruiz & Pav. (Solanaceae), a genus endemic to the southern Andes Author Morales-Fierro, Vanezza Independent researcher. Avenida Vicuna Mackenna Oriente 6640, Santiago, Chile Author Munoz-Schick, Melica Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Casilla 787, Santiago, Chile Author Moreira-Munoz, Andres Instituto de Geografia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Avenida Brasil 2241, Valparaiso, Chile https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-1391 andres.moreira@pucv.cl text PhytoKeys 2020 154 57 102 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.154.49615 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.154.49615 1314-2003-154-57 3FD061C9330A5AADAAB6E037B9B0A8E9 3. Schizanthus candidus Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 29: tab. 45. 1843 Fig. 2E-G Schizanthus albiflorus Phil., Anal. Univ. Chile 91: 124. 1895. Type. Chile. Atacama: Coquimbo?, T.C. Bridges 1356 (lectotype designated by Grau and Gronbach 1984 , pg. 124 [as type]: K! [K00058348, photo at IND! [IND-0107170]]; isolectotypes: BM! [BM000995488, BM000995489], E! [E00089541], G [n.v., F! neg. 23090], P! [P00477035, P00477036]). Figure 3. A distribution of Schizanthus alpestris B examples of S. alpestris in Cuesta Pajonales C Cordillera El Melon D Las Chinchillas National Reserve E distribution of Schizanthus laetus F examples of S. laetus in Quebrada Los Yales G Quebrada Peralito H Taltal I distribution of Schizanthus pinnatus J illustration of S. pinnatus published with the description of the species ( Ruiz and Pavon 1798 ) K examples of S. pinnatus on road from Los Angeles to Antuco L Cerro Poqui. Photos by A Moreira-Munoz ( B-D ), M.T. Eyzaguirre ( F, G, L ), M. Aldunate ( H ), S. Moreira ( K ). Taxonomic notes. There are several specimens collected by Bridges numbered as 1356, but only one of them was labelled with the complete original location (" Hills near the valley of Huasco Prov. of Coquimbo ") [E00089541]. The handwriting on the other specimens only states "Coquimbo" , which was (at that time) the name of the Province associated with the locality. In late 1843, the original Province of Coquimbo was divided into two new administrative units, the southern part maintained the name of the original Province (Coquimbo), while the northern section became the Province of Atacama ( Perez-Rosales 1857 ). Most of these territories are known today as the Regions of Coquimbo and Atacama; the area where the type material was collected corresponds to the latter. This situation can explain why some publications ( Grau and Gronbach 1984 ; Rodriguez et al. 2018 ) have mentioned S. candidus as occurring in the actual Region of Coquimbo, where this species does not grow. Key characters. This species has a white flower, the corolla tube can be longer or as long as the calyx; the lower lip of the corolla is reduced, compared to the upper part. Pinnatisect leaves with linear lobes. Distribution. Endemic to Chile, in the coast and interior valleys of the Region of Atacama (Provinces of Copiapo and Huasco, 27°50'-29°0' lat. S). 20-200 m a.s.l. Habitat. Schizanthus candidus grows abundantly among the rocks over fine sand, in dry places or in seasonally wet quebradas with scattered shrubs; it is rarely found along the roads in open areas. It has been found growing with Leontochir ovallei Phil. ( Alstroemeriaceae ), Cistanthe grandiflora (Lindl.) Schltdl. ( Montiaceae ), Chaetanthera limbata (D.Don) Less. ( Asteraceae ) and Senecio troncosii Phil. ( Asteraceae ). Most abundant in rainy years associated to El Nino events, being a main element of the "blooming desert" ( Munoz-Schick 1985 ; Chavez et al. 2019 ). Conservation. Chile. Atacama : Llanos de Challe National Park. Selected specimens examined. Chile. Atacama: [ Copiapo Province ] Coastal road from Carrizal Bajo to Totoralillo, 27°57'56"S , 71°6'10"W , 179 m a.s.l., 27 Nov 2008, R. Baines , M.F. Gardner , P. Hechenleitner , C. Morter & D. Rae 159 (E); [ Huasco Province ] Carrizal Bajo, Quebrada Oriente, 28°7'17"S , 71°5'57"W , 11 Oct 2002, A. Moreira 738 (SGO); Quebrada angosta al lado norte de entrada a Aguada Tongoy, entre Huasco y Freirina, 28°30'S , 71°6'W , 90 m a.s.l., 10 Sep 2011, M. Lazo & C. Stone 64 (CONC).