Five new species of freshwater crabs of the genera Ghatiana Pati & Sharma, 2014 and Sahyadriana Pati & Thackeray, 2018 from India (Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) Author Pati, Sameer K. Zoological Survey of India, Western Regional Centre, Akurdi, Pune 411 044 (India) sameer _ pati @ yahoo. co. in (corresponding author) sameer_pati@yahoo.co.in Author Thackeray, Tejas Thackeray Wildlife Foundation, Vaibhav Chambers, BKC, Bandra, Mumbai 400 051 (India) text Zoosystema 2021 2021-10-12 43 26 627 647 journal article 3880 10.5252/zoosystema2021v43a26 0c254d68-ecca-4d6b-8e01-1df4ca45067b 1638-9387 5600291 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:24B254A2-36F7-4DA7-B5C8-9D0EE5DBA85B Sahyadriana keshari n. sp. ( Figs 3E ; 8 A-D; 9 A-H) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 548CA624-C80A-48BF-86D0-19F9B835609E TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype . India • ♂ (CW 13.96 mm , CL 10.88 mm , CH 6.38 mm , FW 4.98 mm ); Maharashtra : Nashik district : Bramhagiri , near Trimbak ; 19°54’46”N , 73°31’4”E ; alt. 1048 m ; 17.VIII.2017 ; Tejas Thackeray leg.; ZSI-WRC C.2007 . FIG. 8. — Sahyadriana keshari n. sp. , holotype ♂ (13.96 × 10.88 mm), ZSI-WRC C.2007: A , overall dorsal view; B , dorsal view of cephalothorax; C , frontal view of cephalothorax; D , overall ventral view. Scale bars: A, D, 10 mm; B, C, 5 mm. FIG. 9. — Sahyadriana keshari n. sp. , holotype ♂ (13.96 × 10.88 mm), ZSI-WRC C.2007 ( A -F ); paratype ♀ (15.92 × 12.16 mm), ZSI-WRC C.2008 ( G , H ): A , left third maxilliped; B , major or right chela (outer view); C , S1-S7, pleonal somites 4-6, and telson; D , left G1 (dorsal view); E , left G1 (ventral view); F , left G2; G , pleonal somites 4-6 and telson; H , S1-S8 showing vulvae. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, C, G, H, 2 mm; D-F, 0.5 mm. Paratypes . India • ♂ ( CW 13.97 mm , CL 11.02 mm , CH 6.24 mm , FW 5.06 mm ), ♀ ( CW 15.92 mm , CL 12.16 mm , CH 6.35 mm , FW 5.74 mm ); same data as for holotype; ZSI-WRC C.2008 • 5 ♂ ( CW 12.44-14.18 mm , CL 9.55-11.01 mm , CH 5.58-7.16 mm , FW 4.46-4.94 mm ), 5 ♀ ( CW 12.11-15.53 mm , CL 9.39-11.73 mm , CH 6.14-7.23 mm , FW 4.44-5.44 mm ); same data as for holotype; ZSI-WRC C.2009 . TYPE LOCALITY . — India : Maharashtra : Nashik district: Bramhagiri, near Trimbak; 19°54’46”N , 73°31’4”E ; alt. 1048 m . DIAGNOSIS. — Carapace in adult slightly broader than long (CW/ CL = 1.3), moderately to strongly deep ( CH /CL = 0.5-0.7); epibranchial tooth visible as relative distinct notch; branchial regions inflated; epistome posterior margin with gently concave lateral lobes ( Fig. 8 A-C). Third maxilliped lacking flagellum on exopod ( Fig. 9A ). Chelipeds with pointed fingertips ( Figs 8A, D ; 9B ). Ambulatory legs with densely setose dactylus and propodus ( Fig. 8A, D ). Male sternopleonal cavity long, extending beyond imaginary line joining bases of third maxillipeds ( Figs 8D ; 9C ). Male pleon relatively broad, T-shaped; pleonal somite 5 with concave lateral margins; pleonal somite 6 subquadrate, broader than long, subequal in length to telson, lateral margins strongly convex ( Figs 8D ; 9C ). Male telson short ( Figs 8D ; 9C ). G1 distinctly stout, almost straight; terminal segment relatively slender, subcylindrical, distally gently curved inwards, relatively short, c. 0.4 times length of subterminal segment; subterminal segment distinctly stout, triangular, distally relatively broad, with convex inner margin ( Fig. 9D, E ). G2 very short, with very short distal segment ( Fig. 9F ). Female pleon in adult broadly subtriangular ( Fig. 9G ). Vulvae in adult positioned apart from each other (VD/SW = c. 0.4), each suborbicular in shape, relatively large, occupying c. 0.5 times length of S6, positioned close to S5/S6 ( Fig. 9H ). ETYMOLOGY. — The species name, derived from the Marathi language for orange coloured, refers to live colouration of the crab. The name is used as a Latin noun in apposition. COLOUR IN LIFE. — Carapace, chelipeds, and ambulatory legs all are completely orange in colour ( Fig. 3E ). The orange colour on the ventral side of the carapace, however, is relatively faint. ECOLOGICAL NOTES. — Sahyadriana keshari n. sp. dwells on the walls of high mountainous cliffs ( 1048 m above a.s.l.), which host ephemeral waterfalls. Crabs gather in large numbers during the daytime on these exposed walls between the downpour. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION. — Sahyadriana keshari n. sp. is currently known only from Bramhagiri, an isolated high mountain of the Western Ghats in Nashik district of Maharashtra state , India . The new species is very likely to occur on the adjacent mountainous peak “Anjneri” of the same district because the second author (TT) once saw a dead crab of the species there. REMARKS The carapace of S. keshari n. sp. most resembles to that of S. waghi (Pati in Pati, Thackeray & Khaire, 2016 ) mainly due to the relatively distinct notch between the epibranchial tooth and the external orbital angle ( Fig. 8A, B ; see Pati et al. 2016 : fig. 11A; Pati & Thackeray 2018 : fig. 29A), the gently concave lateral lobes of the epistome posterior margin ( Fig. 8C ; see Pati et al. 2016 : fig. 11B; Pati & Thackeray 2018 : fig. 29B), and the pointed fingertips of the chelipeds ( Figs 8A, D ; 9B ; see Pati et al. 2016 : fig. 11A, C, D; Pati & Thackeray 2018 : fig. 29A, C). In the G1 structure, S. keshari n. sp. is most similar to S. waghi and S. triangulus because all have a distinctly stout G1, with the relatively slenderer, subcylindrical terminal segment ( Fig. 9D, E ; see Pati & Sharma 2014 : fig. 7E-G; Pati et al. 2016 : fig. 12A-C; Pati & Thackeray 2018 : figs 28D, E, H; 29D-G, I-K). Both S. keshari n. sp. and S. waghi can be differentiated from S. triangulus by the relatively distinct notch between the epibranchial tooth and the external orbital angle ( Fig. 8A, B ; see Pati et al. 2016 : fig. 11A; Pati & Thackeray 2018 : fig. 29A) (vs indistinct notch between the epibranchial tooth and the external orbital angle in S. triangulus ; see Pati & Sharma 2014 : fig. 6A; Pati & Thackeray 2018 : fig. 28A), the gently concave lateral lobes of the epistome posterior margin ( Fig. 8C ; see Pati et al. 2016 : fig. 11B; Pati & Thackeray 2018 : fig. 29B) (vs strongly concave lateral lobes of the epistome posterior margin in S. triangulus ; see Pati & Sharma 2014 : fig. 6B; Pati & Thackeray 2018 : fig. 28B), the relatively shorter G1 terminal segment, c. 0.4 times the length of the subterminal segment, with the gently inwardly curved distal portion ( Fig. 9D ; see Pati & Thackeray 2018 : figs 29I-K) (vs relatively longer G1 terminal segment, c. 0.5 times the length of the subterminal segment, with the distinctly outwardly curved distal portion in S. triangulus ; see Pati & Sharma 2014 : fig. 7E-G; Pati & Thackeray 2018 : fig. 28D, E, H), and the convex inner margin of the G1 subterminal segment ( Fig. 9D, E ; see Pati et al. 2016 : fig. 12A, B; Pati & Thackeray 2018 : fig. 29D, F, I-K) (vs almost straight inner margin of the G1 subterminal segment in S. triangulus ; see Pati & Sharma 2014 : fig. 7E, F; Pati & Thackeray 2018 : fig. 28D, E, H). Sahyadriana keshari n. sp. can be further separated from S. waghi by the relatively stouter G1 terminal segment ( Fig. 9D ) (vs relatively slenderer G1 terminal segment; see Pati et al. 2016 : fig. 12A; Pati & Thackeray 2018 : fig. 29D, I-K), the relatively broader distal portion of the G1 subterminal segment ( Fig. 9D ) (vs relatively narrower distal portion of the G1 subterminal segment; see Pati et al. 2016 : fig. 12A; Pati & Thackeray 2018 : fig. 29D, I-K), and the relatively larger adult vulva that occupies c. 0.5 times the length of the S6 and is positioned close to S5/S6 ( Fig. 9H ) (vs relatively smaller adult vulva that occupies c. 0.4 times the length of the S6 and is positioned a clear distance from S5/S6; see Pati & Thackeray 2018 : fig. 29M).