Review of Gonatocerus (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) in the Neotropical region, with description of eleven new species Author Triapitsyn, Serguei V. Author Huber, John T. Author Logarzo, Guillermo A. Author Berezovskiy, Vladimir V. Author Aquino, Daniel A. text Zootaxa 2010 2010-05-14 2456 1 243 journal article 32054 10.5281/zenodo.894928 77799ae7-9459-43e9-af68-c88aa98852a5 1175-5326 894928 Subgenus Gonatocerus ( Gonatocerus Nees ab Esenbeck, 1834 ) Gonatocerus Nees ab Esenbeck 1834 : 192 –193. Type species: Gonatocerus longicornis Nees ab Esenbeck, by monotypy. Lymaenon Walker ( sulphuripes species group): Debauche 1948 : 80 , 82; Debauche 1949 : 27 . Gonatocerus ( Gonatocerus Nees ): De Santis 1967: 103–105 (in part); De Santis 1979 : 364 –367 (in part). Gonatocerus Nees ( sulphuripes species group): Matthews 1986 : 216 –218; Huber 1988 : 30 , 33–35; Yoshimoto 1990 : 39 ; Zeya & Hayat 1995 : 75–76. Diagnosis. Face with subantennal sulci widely separated at junction with clypeus; back of head without sutures; pronotum divided mediolongitudinally, the two lobes almost always abutting except in G. perforator (Ogloblin) where the two lobes are widely separate from each other; dorsellum triangular to rhomboidal; propodeum usually smooth medially or, occasionally, either with 1 usually faint median carina or 2 incomplete submedian carinae hardly visible as very fine lines; female funicle 8-segmented; forewing relatively narrow, with discal setae extending to base of marginal vein; ovipositor often slightly to distinctly exserted beyond apex of gaster. TABLE 1. Species groups within Gonatocerus as proposed by various authors and their current subgeneric placement. Although G. ( Gonatocerus ) is fairly distinct from G. ( Cosmocomoidea ) there are a few species that morphologically appear to fall between the two subgenera. Furthermore, the species of G. ( Gonatocerus ) are not particularly easy to identify and in many their limits are uncertain. Much more work needs to be done on this subgenus to sort out the species properly for any biogeographical region.

Group name	Proposer	Subsequent use	Current subgeneric placement
bicolor group	Girault (1914)	None	G. ( Lymaenon ) [group unde- fined by Girault, but G. bicolor Girault clearly belongs to this subgenus]
Group 1 [corresponds to Oophi- lus Enock (or longicauda group)]	Debauche (1948) [the single Belgian species included in his “group 1” actu- ally belongs to G. ( Cosmoco- moidea )!]	Matthews (1986) referred it to the ater group and Huber (1988) referred it to both the ater and litoralis groups (in part)	G. ( Cosmocomoidea ) and G. ( Lymaenon ), in part
litoralis group (group 2)	Debauche (1948)	Debauche (1949), Matthews (1986), Huber (1988), Yoshim- oto (1990), Zeya & Hayat (1995)	G. ( Lymaenon )
sulphuripes group (group 3)	Debauche (1948)	Debauche (1949), Matthews (1986), Huber (1988), Yoshim- oto (1990), Zeya & Hayat (1995)	G. ( Gonatocerus )
Unnamed group 4	Debauche (1948)	Debauche (1949) [as contor- tivena group]	G. ( Lymaenon )
contortivena group [= unnamed group 4 of Debauche (1948)]	Debauche (1949)	None [Huber (1988) placed it in the litoralis group]	G. ( Lymaenon )
acuminatus group (= Oophilus )	Debauche (1949)	None [Huber (1988) referred it to the litoralis group]	G. ( Lymaenon )
longicauda group	Viggiani (1969), who used one of Debauche’s (1948) group 1 names to rename Debauche’s (1949) acuminatus group [which he incorrectly attrib- uted to Debauche (1948), but two of Viggiani’s included spe- cies belong to G. ( Lymaenon )!]	None [Matthews (1986) and Huber (1988) referred it to the ater group]	As defined by Viggiani (1969), it corresponds to G. ( Cosmoco- moidea )
ater group	Matthews (1986) [group named after the Foerster species incor- rectly placed by Debauche (1948) in his litoralis group]	Huber (1988), Yoshimoto (1990), Zeya & Hayat (1995)	G. ( Cosmocomoidea ) [subge- neric status proposed by Oglob- lin (1959b)]
membraciphagus group	Huber (1988)	Yoshimoto (1990)	G. ( Gastrogonatocerus ) [subge- nus proposed by Ogloblin (1935)]
deficiens group	Huber (1988)	Yoshimoto (1990)	G. ( Gahanopsis ) [subgenus pro- posed by Ogloblin (1946)]
straeleni group	Huber (1988)	Yoshimoto (1990)	G. ( Lymaenon )
masneri group	Yoshimoto (1990)	None	G. ( Cosmocomoidea )
asulcifrons group	Zeya & Hayat (1995)	None	Unplaced [possibly G. ( Cosmo- comoidea )]

Distribution. Cosmopolitan. Hosts. In the New World, reliable host records of G. ( Gonatocerus ) are from eggs of Cicadellidae .