Bioeroding sponge species from the Wakatobi region of southeast Sulawesi Indonesia
Author
Marlow, Joseph
Author
Bell, James J.
Author
Shaffer, Megan
Author
Haris, Abdul
Author
Schönberg, Christine Hanna Lydia
text
Zootaxa
2021
2021-07-02
4996
1
1
48
journal article
10.11646/zootaxa.4996.1.1
1175-5326
5073343
F398F5CE-82CA-48E2-98BA-9B59AF27DB5D
Genus
Cliothosa
Topsent, 1905
Diagnosis.
Clionaid genus with sponges predominantly in endolithic-papillate (alpha) morphology, but exceptionally in other morphologies. With ability to erode calcareous materials. Monaxon megascleres usually as robust tylostyles with round, well-formed, sometimes subterminal tyles, commonly with stepped or truncated modifications of the points. Microscleres spirasterose to amphiasterose forms with spines that commonly have delicately split and recurving tips. Reduced, “nodulous” microscleres may occur. Arrangement of papillar tylostyles in palisade or as bouquets, tyles anchored in sponge tissue, points extending above tissue surface. Choanosomal spicules unordered, also containing typical microscleres. Reduced microscleres restricted to only few body parts. Erosion traces usually large-camerate or even single, cavernous erosion chambers with irregular outline.