Diversity and distribution patterns of Calcareous sponges (subclass Calcinea) from Martinique Author Fontana, Tayara Author Cóndor-Luján, Báslavi Author Azevedo, Fernanda Author Pérez, Thierry Author Klautau, Michelle text Zootaxa 2018 2018-04-17 4410 2 331 369 journal article 30245 10.11646/zootaxa.4410.2.5 e3ac0934-a6ef-4a3e-b3d5-606c348e73dc 1175-5326 1221622 03410832-3508-4DE7-A4CF-D0D458E0069A Clathrina insularis Azevedo, Padua, Moraes, Rossi, Muricy & Klautau, 2017 ( Figure 8 , Table 8 ) Synonyms. Clathrina sp. nov. 1: Pérez et al. 2017: 13. Clathrina insularis : Azevedo et al . 2017 : 307 , Cóndor-Luján et al . 2018 : 19. Material Examined. ( One specimen) UFRJPOR 7428, Pointe Burgos , Anses d'Arlet , Martinique ( 14°29.787' N – 61°5.351' W ), collected by M. Klautau and T. Pérez , 0 6 December 2013 . Colour. Yellow alive and brown in ethanol. Description. Cormus composed of irregular and loosely anastomosed tubes ( Figure 8A ). Surface smooth and texture soft. Water-collecting tubes are not present. No cells with granules were found. Aquiferous system asconoid. Skeleton. The skeleton is disorganised ( Figure 8B ) and composed of two categories of triactines. Spicules ( Table 8 ). TABLE 8. Spicule measurements of Clathrina insularis . H=holotype.

length (µm)		width (µm)
Spicule	min	mean	sd	max	min	mean	sd	max	n
UFRJPOR 7428	Triactine I	35.0	63.8	14.5	82.5	6.2	7.1	0.5	7.5	20
Triactine II	100.0	109.5	5.7	120.0	7.5	8.7	0.7	10.0	20
UFRJPOR 6532 (H)*	Triactine I	47.5	76.4	12.5	97.5	5.0	6.1	0.8	7.5	30
Triactine II	100.0	121.7	10.3	140.0	6.3	6.8	0.7	8.8	30

*From Azevedo et al. (2017) . FIGURE 8. Clathrina insularis (UFRJPOR 7428). A. Specimen in ethanol. B. Tangential section. C. Triactine I. D. Triactine II. Triactines I: Regular. Actines are conical with sharp tips ( Figures 8D–E ). They are very rare. They are the smallest triactines of this species. Size: 35.0–82.5/6.2–7.5 µm. Triactines II: Regular or subregular. Actines are cylindrical to slightly conical, distally undulated and with sharp tips ( Figures 8C–F ). They are the most abundant spicules. Size: 100.0–120.0/7.5–10.0 µm. Ecology. The specimen was collected in a crevice, protected from sunlight. Remarks. Azevedo et al. (2017) commented that the yellow clathrinas that most resemble morphologically C. insularis are C. luteoculcitella Wörheide & Hooper, 1999 and C. chrysea Borojevic & Klautau, 2000 , as they have sharp actines. However, they can be differentiated by the anastomosis of the cormus, which is tight in C. luteoculcitella and C. chrysea , and loose in C. insularis . Comparing the specimen from Martinique with the holotype from Brazil , we found a small variation in the size of the spicules, with the individuals from Martinique having slightly smaller spicules ( Table 8 ). In our phylogenetic tree the specimens from Martinique grouped with those from Brazil and Curaçao with 100% bootstrap and the pdistance varied from 0% to 0.5% ( Figure 15 ). Geographical distribution. Fernando de Noronha Archipelago , off NE Brazil ( Azevedo et al . 2017 ) , Curaçao ( Cóndor-Luján et al . 2018 ), and Martinique.