Review of the genus Lasioseius Berlese (Acari: Blattisociidae) in Iran, and a key for identification of the Iranian species of the genus Author Hajizadeh, Jalil Author Javadpour, Mahboubeh Author Mohammadi, Leila text Persian Journal of Acarology 2023 2023-10-15 12 4 463 485 https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/62b556c3-55fa-3dd6-9f60-72f3b64dd142/ journal article 10.22073/pja.v12i4.82177 2251-8169 10943472 Lasioseius parberlesei Bhattacharyya, 1968 ( Figs. 1–10 ) Lasioseius parberlesei Bhattacharyya, 1968: 532 . Indiraseius parberlesei Daneshvar, 1987: 33 . Synonymy by Moraes et al . (2015a) . Lasioseius parberlesei Bhattacharyya et al . 2000: 93 ; Zhang and Fan 2010: 283 ; Moraes et al . 2016: 180 . Lasioseius ( Lasioseius ) parberlesei Christian and Karg 2006: 120 . Description Female ( five specimens measured) – Measurements are given in Table 1 . Dorsal idiosoma ( Fig. 1 ) – Dorsal shield oval, podonotal part scattered reticulate, with 12 pairs of setae ( j2– j6 , z2 , z4 , z5 , s4 , s5 , r2 , r3 ), three pairs of lyrifissures ( id1 , id4 , id5 ) and three pairs of pores ( gd2 , gd4 , gd5 ). Opisthonotal part reticulate, with 10 pairs of setae (J2, J4, J5, Z1, Z3-Z5, S3- S5), five pairs of lyrifissures ( idm4 , idm5 , idm6 , idl3 , idl4 ) and three pairs of pores ( gd6 , gd8 , gd9 ). Setae j4 , j5 , j6 , J2 , J4 , J5 , z5 and r2 short; other setae longer (reaching base of next setae); most dorsal shield setae lightly serrate. Unsclerotized lateral cuticle with four pairs of short and smooth setae ( r5 , R 1 , R 2 and R 5 ). Venter idiosoma ( Fig. 2 ) – Ventral setae aciculate and smooth, except JV5 , that is thicker and serrate distally. Tritosternum 86 (74–92) long, base 12 long, laciniae 73 (62–80) long. Presternal region transversely striate. Sternal shield longer than wide, with faint reticulations, bearing three pairs of setae ( st1–st3 ) and two pairs of lyrifissures ( iv1 , iv2 ). Metasternal plate rounded, bearing the fourth pair of sternal setae ( st4 ) and a pair of lyrifissures ( iv3 ). Genital shield with sparse striae; widest at the base, posterior margin truncate, with a pair of simple setae ( st5 ); postgenital stripe continues. Two pairs of metapodal plates present, the anterior pair smaller and elongate, posterior pair longer and oval. Posterior section of endopodal shield located as a trifid plate between coxae III–IV. Ventrianal shield subtriangular, reticulated, with six pairs of setae ( JV1–JV4 , ZV 2 , ZV 3 ) and three circumanal setae and a pair of pores, located posterolateral of para-anal setae. Soft cuticle around ventrianal shield with setae JV5 and 3–4 pairs of lyrifissures ( ivo ). Peritreme elongated, anterior end extending to the level between setae j2 ; peritrematic plate fused with dorsal shield at level of setae j2 . Table 1. Measurements of idiosma and dorsal setae of Lasioseius parberlesei females from five countries.

Character 1	Iran 2	Iran 3	Egypt 4	India 4	Pakistan 4	Saudi Arabia 4
DSL	376	410 (384–432)	420 (384–438)	400 (375–400)	403	391
DSW	217	239 (230–250)	223 (212–233)	233 (220–228)	223	205
j2	37	32 (30–36)	38 (36–39)	33 (30–35)	34	35
j3	-	34 (30–38)	39 (39–40)	35 (33–38)	39	38
j4	18	20 (18–22)	22 (22–23)	19 (18–20)	17	18
j5	18	21 (18–26)	22 (21–24)	20 (18–20)	22	22
j6	27	27 (24–30)	28 (27–29)	23 (20–25)	24	27
J2	17	18 (16–20)	22 (19–25)	16 (15–18)	16	18
J4	18	16 (14–18)	20 (19–21)	16 (15–18)	-	17
J5	11	14 (12–16)	17 (15–18)	12 (10–13)	14	14
z2	-	36 (34–38)	40 (38–41)	35 (33–38)	37	38
z4	-	34(30–36)	38 (36–40)	33 (30–35)	35	36
z5	29	28 (24–30)	31 (29–32)	28 (28–30)	29	29
Z1	47	48 (46–50)	48 (46–50)	45 (43–48)	45	48
Z3	59	55 (50–60)	57 (55–59)	52 (50–55)	56	57
Z4	59	55 (50–60)	58 (56–60)	53 (53–55)	56	59
Z5	68	70 (64–76)	72 (70–73)	66 (63–70)	71	73
s4	40	40 (36–48)	42 (40–45)	37 (35–38)	41	43
s5	47	44 (42–46)	48 (47–50)	47 (45–48)	47	51
S3	38	41 (36–48)	46 (43–51)	40 (38–43)	42	40
S4	46	44 (40–48)	48 (45–52)	41 (40–43)	44	44
S5	51	50 (44–56)	56 (54–58)	50 (48–53)	55	52
r2	18	18 (14–18)	23 (22–24)	20 (18–23)	19	19
r3	48	47 (40–50)	49 (47–50)	47 (45–48)	47	47
r5	18	16 (14–20)	19	17 (15–18)	15	17
R1	18	18 (14–22)	20 (20–21)	19 (18–20)	17	17

1 L: length, W: width; 2 Daneshvar 1987 ; 3 current study; 4 Moraes et al . 2015ª. Table 1. Continued.

Character 1	Iran 2	Iran 3	Egypt 4	India 4	Pakistan 4	Saudi Arabia 4
R2	18	19 (18–20)	22	19 (18–20)	21	20
R5	-	26 (22–28)	30 (30–31)	26 (25–28)	31	26
VASL	142	138 (120–144)	145 (136–152)	143 (138–148)	145	130
VASW	168	169 (152–182)	170 (162–181)	175 (175–178)	175	168
L base tritosterum	-	12 (12–12)	14 (13–15)	10	16	15
L laciniae	-	73 (62–80)	63 (62–65)	62 (58–65)	66	74
SS L	-	81 (75–87)	91 (90–92)	84 (80–88)	95	93
SS W	-	82 (80–85)	85 (82–89)	85 (83–85)	83	86
GS L	-	91 (87–100)	135 (128–139	125 (125–133)	138	123
GS W at post.	-	78 (75–82)	78 (78–79)	78 (75–80)	83	86
Anus length	-	19 (17–22)	23 (22–24)	23 (25–27)	23	23
St1	-	21 (20–24)	27 (25–29)	19 (18–20)	23	24
St2	-	19 (14–20)	26	19 (18–20)	24	23
St3	-	18 (12–22)	24	23 (20–23)	22	24
St4	-	19 (18–20)	25 (24–25)	23 (20–23)	25	24
St5	-	16 (14–20)	23 (22–23)	19 (18–23)	22	22
JV1	-	16 (14–18)	19 (18–20)	20 (18–20)	Broken	21
JV2	-	17 (12–20)	20	20 (18–20)	Broken	21
JV3	-	25 (22–30)	28 (26–29)	28 (25–28)	29	29
JV4	-	27 (22–30)	31 (26–35)	35 (28–35)	29	28
JV5	-	54 (50–60)	61 (59–62)	57 (55–58)	59	52
ZV2	-	18 (14–20)	22 (20–23)	19 (18–20)	Broken	21
ZV3	-	18 (14–24)	20 (18–21)	19 (18–20)	18	18
Para–anal setae	-	19 (17–25)	23	20 (18–23)	21	22
Post–anal seta	-	36 (32–47)	31 (27–35)	31 (28–33)	36	33
Calyx	20	18	19 (18–20)	15 (16–18)	20	17
L FD	-	34 (30–40)	32 (30–33)	28 (30–32)	30	33
L MD	-	37 (32–40)	36 (36–37)	38 (36–38)	37	37
MET1 L	-	20 (20–22)	-	-	-	-
MET1 W	-	6	-	-	-	-
MET2 L	-	16 (14–16)	-	-	-	-
MET2 W	-	4	-	-	-	-
Sc	-	31 (30–32)	34 (32–36)	32 (32–34)	32	32
h1	-	26 (25–28)	32 (31–32)	23 (30–32)	31	31
h2	-	23 (20–25)	22 (21–22)	19 (18–20)	17	18
h3	-	23 (20–25)	23	24 (25–28)	27	25
leg I	-	410 (400–430)	457 (443–478)	453 (450–465)	465	428
leg II	-	312 (300–330)	385 (365–400)	335 (330–340)	385	368
leg III	-	310 (300–330)	373 (365–378)	310 (340–350)	373	343
leg VI	-	434 (400–480)	532 (521–543)	465 (490–520)	508	483
Genu IV ad2	47	49 (45–50)	46 (45–48)	48 (50–52)	43	44
Basitarsus IV pd3	62	55 (50–58)	59 (58–60)	53 (50–55)	52	56
Telotarsus IV pd2	73	75 (70–85)	82 (77–85)	78 (75–80)	81	82

1 L: length, W: width; 2 Daneshvar 1987 ; 3 current study; 4 Moraes et al . 2015ª. Shields: DS: dorsal, GS: genital, SS: sternal, SGS: sternogenital, VAS: ventrianal; MET: metapodal; FD: fixed cheliceral digit; MD: movable cheliceral digit. Spermatheca ( Fig. 9 ) – Calyx funnel-shaped, with swollen atrium. Figures 1–2. Lasioseius parberlesei (female) – 1. Idiosoma, dorsal view; 2. Idiosoma, ventral view. Table 2. Measurements of characters of Lasioseius parberlesei males from three countries.

Character 1	Iran 2	Egypt 3	India 3	Character 1	Iran 2	Egypt 3	India 3
DSL	280	344	290, 300	L base tritosternum	6	15	8
DSW	232	186	150	L laciniae	50	43	60, 65
j2	24	25	25, 28	Anus length	15	18	18
j3	30	31	28, 30	st1	15	18	15, 20
j4	14	20	14, 16	st2	13	16	15, 19
j5	20	20	15, 18	st3	13	14	15, 19
j6	20	21	18, 20	st4	13	Broken	13, 14
J2	12	15	11, 13	st5	13	Broken	13, 15
J4	12	18	10, 13	JV1	13	Broken	12, 13
J5	10	11	8, 9	JV2	14	Broken	20, 21
z2	30	32	30, 32	JV3	20	Broken	25, 30
z4	26	29	25, 29	JV5	26	Broken	28, 31
z5	18	23	22, 23	ZV3	14	Broken	-
Z1	30	35	34, 38	Para-anal setae	15	Broken	13, 16
Z3	46	45	43, 45	Post-anal seta	17	Broken	18, 23

1 L: length, W: width; 2 current study; 3 Moraes et al . 2015ª. Shields: DS: dorsal, GS: genital, SS: sternal, SGS: sternogenital, VAS: ventrianal; MET: metapodal; FD: fixed cheliceral digit; MD: movable cheliceral digit. Table 2. Continued.

Character 1	Iran 2	Egypt 3	India 3	Character 1	Iran 2	Egypt 3	India 3
Z4	42	46	44, 45	L FD	25	25	24
Z5	52	55	52, 54	L MD	27	30	30
s4	32	32	24, 30	Spermatodactyl	25	29	30
s5	36	37	36, 38	h1	11	17	20
S3	22	27	22, 23	h2	10	17	18
S4	26	28	23, 25	h3	10	17	21
S5	32	31	30, 31	Sc	20	17	27
r2	12	20	12, 13	leg I	330	395	365
r3	40	41	35, 39	leg II	230	323	260
r5	10	15	10, 11	leg III	250	298	260
R1	10	15	10, 11	leg VI	350	440	368
SGS L	125	144	148, 165	Genu IV ad2	38
SGS W at st2	62	71	62-68	Basitarsus IV pd3	48
VASL	110	127	110, 115	Telotarsus IV pd2	63
VASW	170	171	160, 175

1 L: length, W: width; 2 current study; 3 Moraes et al . 2015ª. Shields: DS: dorsal, GS: genital, SS: sternal, SGS: sternogenital, VAS: ventrianal; MET: metapodal; FD: fixed cheliceral digit; MD: movable cheliceral digit. Gnathosoma ( Figs. 6, 8 ) – Fixed digit of chelicera multidentate, bearing 14 teeth in addition to apical tooth; movable digit of chelicera with three teeth in addition to the apical tooth. Epistome obscure. Deutosternum with seven transverse lines of denticles. Legs ( Fig. 10 ) – All legs pretarsi with a pair of claws and pulvillus. Leg IV with three macrosetae: on genu ( ad2 ), basitarsus ( pd3 ) and telotarsus ( pd2 ). Leg chaetotaxy for coxa I-IV: 2; 2; 2; 1; for trochanter I-IV: 6; 5; 5; 5; for femur I-IV: 12 (2, 3/1, 2/2, 2); 11 (2, 2/1, 3/2, 1); 6 (1, 2/1, 1/0, 1); 6 (1, 2/1, 1/0, 1); for genu I-IV: 13 (2, 3/2, 3/1, 2); 11 (2, 3/1, 2/1, 2; 9 (2, 2/1, 2/1, 1); 9 (2, 2/1, 3/0, 1) and for tibia I-IV: 13 (2, 3/2, 3/1, 2); 10 (2, 2/1, 2/1, 2); 8 (2, 1/1, 2/1, 1); 10 (2, 1/1, 3/1, 2). Male ( one specimen measured) – Measurements are given in Table 2 . Dorsal idiosoma ( Fig. 3 ) – Dorsal shield oval, podonotal and opisthonotal shields similar to those of females; setal measurements are given in Table 2 . Unsclerotized lateral cuticle with two pairs of setae ( r5 and R1 ), both short and smooth. Venter idiosoma ( Fig. 4 ) – Ventral setae aciculate and smooth, except JV5 , that is thicker and serrate distally. Tritosternum 56 long, base 6 long, laciniae 50 long. Presternal region transversely striate. Sternogenital shield slightly striated on the lateral sides, with five pairs of setae ( st1–st5 ) and three pairs of lyrifissures ( iv1- iv3 ). Ventrianal shield subtriangular, reticulate, with five pairs of setae ( JV1–JV3 , JV5 and ZV3 ) in addition to the circum-anal setae and a pair of marginal pores located posterolateral of para-anal setae. Soft cuticle around ventrianal shield without opisthogastric setae. Peritreme elongated, anterior end extending to the level between setae j2 ; peritrematic plate fused with dorsal shield at level of setae r2 . Gnathosoma ( Fig. 5 ) – Fixed digit of chelicera bearing eight to nine teeth and setiform pilus dentilis in addition to apical tooth; movable digit of chelicera with one tooth in addition to the apical tooth; spermatodactyl long, cylindrical, with a hook-like bend tip in distal section. Epistome obscure. Deutosternum with six transverse lines of denticles. Legs – Legs similar to female. Leg IV with three macrosetae: on genu ( ad2 ), on basitarsus ( pd3 ) and telotarsus ( pd2 ). Leg chaetotaxy as in adult female. Figures 3–4. Lasioseius parberlesei (male) – 3. Idiosoma, dorsal view; 4. Idiosoma, ventral view. Figures 5–10. Lasioseius parberlesei – 5. Male, Chelicera. 6–10. Female. 6. Chelicera; 7. Tritosternum; 8. Hypostome; 9. Spermatheca (without scale); 10. Femur-tarsus of leg IV. Material examined – Two females , Rasht, Fakhrabad, 37° 24' 20'' N , 49° 52' 47'' E , − 22 m a.s.l., September 2012 , collected from infected leaves with eriophyid mites; two females , Masuleh, 37° 9' 37'' N , 48° 59' 32'' E , 1050 m a.s.l., August 2015 , collected from rice farm; one female , Daylaman 36° 88' 83'' N, 49° 90' 64'' E, 2200 m a.s.l., June 2015 , collected from soil; four females , Rasht, Sangar, 37° 10' 59" N , 49° 38' 42" E , 34 m a.s.l., July 2019 , collected from plant in the greenhouse; 10 females , Rasht, 37° 16' 51'' N , 49° 34' 59'' E , 4 m a.s.l., September 2019 , collected from light traps; one female , Bandar Anzali, 37° 28'22'' N , 49° 27' 44" E , − 26 m , October 2020 , collected on Citrus tree. Habitat and distribution in Iran – Guilan Province (Lahijan, Rasht, Masuleh, Sangar, Daylaman), mulberry, tea, rice farm, fig, raspberry, decaying plants, soil, plants and associated with eriophyid mite, wood sorrel, Oxalis acetosella L. ( Oxalidaceae ) and rose, Rosa damascena ( Rosaceae ) leaves infested with spider mites ( Daneshvar 1987 ; Kamali et al . 2001 ; Hajizadeh et al . 2010a , b, 2020; Adeli et al. 2013 ; Javadpour et al . 2018 ; Ghasemi and Hajizadeh 2020 ; Navran and Hajizadeh 2021 ); Mazandaran Province (Behshahr), on fig tree ( Daneshvar 1987 ); Isfahan Province (Najaf Abad, Zarrin Shahr, Falavarjan, Dorcheh), soil of fruit trees orchards ( Jalaeian et al . 2006 ). World Distribution – Egypt , India , Iran , Pakistan , Philippines , Saudi Arabia , Syria and Taiwan ( Santos et al . 2023 ; Daneshvar 1987 ). Taxonomic note on synonymy of Indiraseius extremus with Lasioseius parberlesei The genus Indiraseius was established by Daneshvar (1987) based on mite specimens collected from Northern Iran ( Guilan and Mazandran Provinces). He designated Lasioseius parberlesei Bhattacharyya, 1968 as the type species for the genus Indiraseius and described Indiraseius extremus as the second species within this genus. However, Walter and Lindquist (1997) considered the genus Indiraseius Daneshvar as a synonym of Lasioseius Berlese. Moraes et al. (2015a) also regarded Lasioseius extremus ( Daneshvar, 1987 ) as a synonym of Lasioseius parberlesei Bhattacharyya, 1968 . However, they did not have access to the type material of Lasioseius extremus for close examination. Moraes et al. (2016) chose to retain these two species as distinct species but did not provide an explanation for this decision, nor did they provide details of the examined specimens. In the present study, we collected specimens of Lasioseius parberlesei from the same locations where Daneshvar (1987) collected the type material of Indiraseius extremus . We conducted a comparison of setal measurements and other characteristics of female specimens of Lasioseius parberlesei collected from Iran (including Daneshvar's 1987 measurements for Indiraseius extremus ) and those from four different countries ( Egypt , India , Pakistan , and Saudi Arabia ), which are presented in Table 1 . The results demonstrate a close similarity between the characteristics of Indiraseius extremus and Lasioseius parberlesei from Iran and the four other countries ( Table 1 ). Only one male specimen of L . parberlesei was collected in this study. We compared setal measurements and other characteristics of the male specimen from Iran with specimens from Egypt and India , and the results are presented in Table 2 . The data indicate a close similarity between the characteristics of the Iranian male specimen and those of male specimens from Egypt and India ( Table 2 ). Based on these findings, it can be concluded that Indiraseius extremus is a synonym of Lasioseius parberlesei .