A monograph of the Anisophylleaceae (Cucurbitales) with description of 18 new species of Anisophyllea Author Chen, Xin Author He, Hai Author Zhang, Li-Bing 1 Department of Botany, College of Boology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Rd., Xuanwu Qu, Nanjing, 210037, P. R. China 2 College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Shapingba, Chongqing 400047, P. R. China 3 Missouri Botanical Garden, P. O. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166 - 0299, U. S. A. and Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China * Authors for correspondence: e-mails: hehaicq @ yahoo. com; libing. zhang @ mobot. org hehaicq@yahoo.com text Phytotaxa 2015 2015-10-02 229 1 448 450 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.229.1.1 journal article 10.11646/phytotaxa.229.1.1 1179-3163 13632375 26. Anisophyllea glandulipetiolata Li Bing Zhang, Xin Chen & H.He , sp. nov. ( Figure 50 ) Type :— INDONESIA . East Kalimantan : Berau district , 16 km along Labanan-Samarinda road, 55 m , 01°58’9.04”N 117°15’0.69”E , 13 October 1997 , Ferry Silk BE 3-791 ( holotype L-0728701!, isotype L-0728702!, L-0728703) . Diagnosis:— Anisophyllea glandulipetiolata is most similar to A. rengamensis in flowers fascicled on longer rachis (more than 6 cm long), petals entire or distally 3-lobed with middle lobe much larger and acuminate, lateral 2 lobes minute and scale-like, or not obviously lobed, but the former has female flowers sessile, male flowers with pedicels, petals 3-lobed distally, and leaves with glands only on petioles. In contrast, the latter has flowers all sessile, petals nearly entire at apex, and leaves with glands on petioles and both surfaces of blades as well. Trees to 20 m tall, 15 cm in diam.; young branches tenuous, sparsely pubescent with dark-brown hairs to 0.4 mm long, glabrescent when mature, smooth and pale-brown when dry; buds pannose. Leaves dimorphic; internodes between similar types of leaves 1.7–3.5 cm long, between two adjacent different types of leaves 4–10 mm long; small leaves caducous, only leaving small scars on young branches; large leaves petiolate, petioles to 5 mm long, 1.1–1.6 mm in diam., with raised yellowish transparent glands, pubescent as young branches, glabrescent when mature; leaf blade elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate, or ovate-elliptic, 9–14 cm long, 3.0– 5.2 cm wide, base slightly oblique, acute, apex acuminate or caudate with tips to 1.5 cm long, thinly coriaceous, yellowish green adaxially, yellowish brown and matte abaxially when dry, glabrous on both surfaces; main longitudinal veins 5, springing from blade base, middle three veins (midrib and its adjacent two lateral veins) bold, outermost two veins rather fine, 0.5–2.0 mm distant from margins, prominent on both surfaces; transverse veins numerous, sub-parallel or irregular, at angles of 60–75° with midrib; veinlets tessellate and slightly prominent on both surfaces. Inflorescence a supra-axillary raceme, in 2–4 serials, with both female and male flowers in same inflorescence; rachis to 6 cm long, 0.3–1.3 mm in diam., flattened when dry, unevenly with fascicled flowers (floral fascicles 2–3 mm distant), densely tomentose at base of floral fascicles, elsewhere sparsely tomentose with brownish hairs ca. 0.08 mm long; bracts small, deltoid, 0.3–0.6 mm long, 0.25–0.40 mm wide, each with one supra-axillary flower, sparsely pubescent; flowers unisexual, 4-merous; female flowers sessile, ca. 1 mm long, receptacle cylindric, ±quadrangular, ca. 0.5 mm long, 0.6 mm in diam., densely tomentose outside; sepals ovate or deltoid, 0.5–0.6 mm long, incurved, farinose abaxially, margins ciliate; petals not seen; sterile stamens 8, equal in length, ca. 0.25 mm long, filaments thickened and compressed, anthers ovate, ca. 0.1 mm long; disk lobes ca. 0.16 mm high, slightly bulged between stamens and enclosing styles, pubescent; styles 4, free, exserted, ca. 0.6 mm long, base conical, 0.2 mm in diam., distally attenuate, pubescent with yellowish brown hairs. male flowers pedicellate, pedicel 0.6–1.3 mm long, ca. 0.25 mm in diam., moderately tomentose; sepals as female flowers; petals deltoid, ca. 0.16 mm long, 0.1 wide at base, distally 3-lobed with middle lobe much larger and acuminate, lateral 2 lobes minute and scale like, or not obviously lobed; stamens 8, equal in length, ca. 0.5 mm long, filaments fleshy, thickened and compressed, farinose, anthers small, ca. 0.16 mm long; disk as in female flowers; pistil rudimentary, styles 4, subulate, ca. 0.16 mm long, 0.1 mm in diam., pubescent. Fruit a drupe, broadly ellipsoid, ca. 6 cm long, 3.5 cm in diam. (immature), blunt at both ends, with glands and irregularly purple stripes. Flowering and fruiting: —October–December or longer? Habitat and distribution: — Lowland rain forests; below 200 m . Indonesia ( East Kalimantan ); Malaysia (Sarawak) ( Figure 51 ) . MONOGRAPH OF ANISOPHYLLEACEAE Phytotaxa 229 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press • 73 74 • Phytotaxa 229 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press FIGURE 50. Anisophyllea glandulipetiolata Li Bing Zhang, Xin Chen & H.He ( Ferry Silk BE3-791 ). —A. Flowering branch. —B. Female flower. —C. Male flower. —D. Petal of male flower. —E. Stamen of female flower. —F. Stamen of male flower. —G. Styles and disk of female flower. —H. Styles and disk of male flower (B–H drawn by Fang Cui). CHEN ET AL. Taxonomic notes: — Anisophyllea glandulipetiolata is also similar to A. corneri in appearance of shoots and leaves and in the irregular purple strips in surface of fruits, but it has obvious yellowish glands on its relatively shorter petioles, tomentose pedicels of male flowers, farinose cover on filaments, and rather obvious and mostly 3- lobed petals in male flowers. It is further close to A. rengamensis , from which it differs in its pedicellate male flowers, its lobed petals (in male flowers), lack of glands on leaf blades, and lack of farinose cover on sepals, petals and styles. The epithet is form the two Latin words glanduli- and -petiolatus , referring to the glandular petioles of large leaves in this new species. Additional specimens examined: — INDONESIA . East Kalimanta , Berau district , km 16 along Labanan-Samarinda road, 02°58’904”N 117°15’069”, alt. 70 m , 13 Oct. 1997 , Ferry Silk BE 3-719 ( L ); East Kalimantan : Berau Inhutani area , km 13 road to Samarinda , 02°01’9.82”N 117°17’7.21”E , 35 m , 13 October 1997 , Kessler et al. Berau 899 ( K , L ) . MALAYSIA . Sarawak : Gunong Gading , Lundu ,1 th Division , 200 m , 03 December 1976 , P . J . Martin S . 38551 ( MO ).