A reassessment of the Neotropical genus Pseudonannolene Silvestri, 1895: cladistic analysis, biogeography, and taxonomic review (Spirostreptida: Pseudonannolenidae) Author Iniesta, Luiz Felipe Moretti DEEF048E-97FB-4CCD-875F-5FA6184CA8AB&14A15A7F-730F-4D41-BDAC-D53514FAB85D Pós-graduação em Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. & Laboratório de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, 05503 - 090, São Paulo, Brazil. rodrigobouzan@outlook.com Author Bouzan, Rodrigo Salvador DEEF048E-97FB-4CCD-875F-5FA6184CA8AB&14A15A7F-730F-4D41-BDAC-D53514FAB85D Pós-graduação em Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. & Laboratório de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, 05503 - 090, São Paulo, Brazil. rodrigobouzan@outlook.com Author Brescovit, Antonio Domingos 14A15A7F-730F-4D41-BDAC-D53514FAB85D&D5B81D79-AFAE-47B1-8A6E-DAB448A24BCC Laboratório de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, 05503 - 090, São Paulo, Brazil. rodrigobouzan@outlook.com&antonio.brescovit@butantan.gov.br text European Journal of Taxonomy 2023 2023-04-27 867 1 1 312 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.867.2109 journal article 57602 10.5852/ejt.2023.867.2109 1d2570da-e150-4d75-94d8-bfc5813062bc 2118-9773 7891021 8DEF295C-A8B1-4A6B-B873-B30949F64E07 Pseudonannolene caatinga Iniesta & Ferreira, 2014 Figs 11 , 25B, D, F , 30A–B , 32A , 36A–B , 56– 57 , 163E , 165F , 167E , 177F , 181 ; Supp. file 4: Figs 201D , 203B , 204A , 205B , 207B , 212F , 213A , 218A , 219C Pseudonannolene caatinga Iniesta & Ferreira, 2014: 375 , figs 10, 14f. Pseudonannolene caatinga – Gallo & Bichuette 2019: 47 . Diagnosis Males of P. caatinga resemble those of P. microzoporus , P. curtipes Schubart, 1960 , and P. leopoldoi by having gonopod with subtriangular internal branch, and solenomere with ectal and apicomesal processes ( Fig. 57D–F ). Pseudonannolene caatinga can be distinguished from those species by having a distal projection on the internal branch ( Fig. 57D ). Etymology Noun in apposition, taken from the semi-arid biome ‘Caatinga’ where the species is widely distributed ( Iniesta & Ferreira 2014 ). Material examined Holotype BRAZIL • ♂ ; Bahia , Ourolândia , cave Toca dos Ossos ; [ -10.858192 , -41.134315 ]; 10 Jun. 2012 ; R.L. Ferreira leg.; ISLA 3627 . Paratypes (total: 5 ♂♂ , 3 ♀♀ ) BRAZIL • 1 ♂ ; same collection data as for holotype; ISLA 3628 • 1 ♂ ; same collection data as for holotype; ISLA 3629 • 1 ♂ ; same collection data as for holotype; ISLA 3630 • 1 ♂ ; same collection data as for holotype; ISLA 3631 • 1 ♂ ; same collection data as for holotype; ISLA 3634 • 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for holotype; ISLA 3632 • 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for holotype; ISLA 3633 • 1 ♀ ; same locality data as for holotype ; 28 Jan. 2009 ; R.L. Ferreira leg.; ISLA 3635 . Other material (total: 28 ♂♂ , 38 ♀♀ , 14 immatures ) BRAZIL – Ceará • 1 ♂ ; Crato , Floresta Nacional Chapada do Araripe-Apodi ; [ -7.336788 , -39.432647 ]; 941 m a.s.l. ; 20–30 Jan. 2014 ; C. Sampaio leg.; UFPB 0086 • 1 ♂ ; Crato , Fonte do Xerife ; [ -7.230036 , -39.412316 ]; 426 m a.s.l. ; 2–3 Jun. 2000 ; floresta; A.B. Kury leg.; MNRJ • 1 ♂ immature; Rodovia CE 090, Floresta IBAMA ; [ -3.657215 , -38.689267 ]; 16 m a.s.l. ; 18 Mar. 1999 ; A.B. Kury and A. Giupponi leg.; MNRJ . – Alagoas • 1 ♂ ; Murici , Estação Ecológica Murici ; [ -9.232525 , -35.858161 ]; 408 m a.s.l. ; 13–22 Sep. 2003 ; Equipe Biota leg.; IBSP 2166 • 1 ♂ ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 2166 • 1 ♂ ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 2180 • 1 ♂ , 1 immature ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 2169 • 2 ♀♀ ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 2172 • 2 ♀♀ ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 2175 • 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 2173 • 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 2167 • 1 ♂ ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 2178 • 1 ♂ ; same locality data as for preceding; 22–23 Sep. 2014 ; E.P. Lorenzo leg.; UFPB 0146 . – Sergipe • 2 ♂♂ , 3 ♀♀ ; Itabaiana , Estação Ecológica da Serra de Itabaiana (= Parque Nacional da Serra de Itabaiana ); [ -10.779742 , -37.349371 ]; 343 m a.s.l. ; 14–20 Sep. 1999 ; A.D. Brescovit leg.; IBSP 905 . – Bahia • 1 ♀ ; Piatã ; [ -13.151128 , -41.775671 ]; 1293m a.s.l. ; 23–28 Dec. 2010 ; M. Teixeira Jr. leg.; IBSP 3944 • 1 ♂ ; Caetité , cave PF 13; [ -14.066228 , -42.486907 ]; 8–15 Dec. 2008 ; R. Andrade et al. leg . • 2 ♂♂ , 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for preceding except for cave PF 14; IBSP 5769 • 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for preceding except for cave PF 04; IBSP 5770 • 2 ♀♀ ; same collection data as for preceding except for cave PF 22; IBSP 5776 • 3 ♂♂ immatures, 2 ♀♀ immatures; same collection data as for preceding except for cave PF 10; IBSP 5787 • 1 ♂ , 5 ♀♀ ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 5788 • 2 ♀♀ ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP • 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for preceding except for cave PF 21; IBSP 5790 • 2 ♂♂ , 3 ♀♀ , 1 immature ; same collection data as for preceding except for cave PF 10; IBSP 5791 • 2 ♀♀ , 1 immature ; same collection data as for preceding except for cave PF 11; IBSP 5792 • 1 immature ; same collection data as for preceding except for cave PF 12; IBSP 5793 • 1 ♂ ; same collection data as for preceding except for cave PF 13; IBSP 5796 • 4 ♂♂ , 8 ♀♀ , 3 ♀♀ immatures, 1 immature ; Coribe, Serra do Ramalho , cave Enfurnado [ -13.645275 , -44.209846 ]; 646 m a.s.l. ; Jul. 2007 ; A. Perez leg.; MNRJ 30154 . – Distrito Federal • 2 ♂♂ , 3 ♀♀ ; Brasília , Área de Marinha ; [ -15.795139 , -47.882086 ]; 1095 m a.s.l. ; Oct. 1999 ; C. Nogueira , F. Valdujo and R. Montigello leg.; MNRJ 30149 • 1 ♂ , 2 ♀♀ ; Brazlândia , Fazenda 33 ; [ -15.670741 , -48.200567 ]; 1114 m a.s.l. ; 28 Dec. 2009 ; A. Chagas Jr. , G. Segal and C. Segal leg.; MNRJ 30146 . Descriptive notes MEASUREMENTS . 55–60 body rings (1–2 apodous + telson). Males: body length 60–70.4 mm ; maximum midbody diameter 3.8–4.3 mm . Females: body length 57.3–68.8 mm ; maximum midbody diameter 3.5–4.5 mm . COLOR . Body color brownish grey; collum darker; prozonites greyish anteriorly; metazonites with a medial brown band and a reddish posterior band; antennae and legs lighter brown. HEAD . Antennae long ( Fig. 163E ), just reaching back to end of ring 6 when extended dorsally; antennomeres elongated; relative antennomere lengths 1<2<3>4≈5>6>7. Mandibular cardo with ventral margin narrow. Ommatidial cluster well-developed, elliptical; ca 32 ommatidia in 4 rows. BODY RINGS . Collum with lateral lobes rounded, with ca 9 striae, slightly curved ectad ( Fig. 56A ). Very faintly constricted between prozonite and metazonite; prozonites smooth; metazonites laterally with transverse striae slightly above ozopore in anterior body rings. Anterior sterna in midbody rings subrectangular, with shallow transverse striae ( Fig. 167E ). FIRST LEG-PAIR OF MALES . Coxae ( cx ) short (less than half of remaining podomere lengths), subtriangular, with the base arched, densely setose ( Fig. 57A ); prefemoral process ( prf ) as wide as half of prefemur, subcylindrical, densely setose up to its median region ( Fig. 57B ); remaining podomeres with setae along the mesal region. SECOND LEG-PAIR OF MALES . Coxa ( cx ) large and rounded; penis ( pn ) located at proximal region, rounded, not extended basally ( Fig. 57C ); prefemur compressed dorsoventrally; remaining podomeres setose. GONOPODS . Gonocoxa ( gcx ) elongated, almost twice as long as telopodite, with the base arched; flattened antero-posteriorly ( Fig. 57D–F );with rows of papillae mesally.Seminal groove ( sg ) curved; arising medially on mesal cavity and terminating apically on the seminal apophysis ( sa ). Shoulder ( sh ) rounded. Telopodite ( tp ) almost as wide as gcx ( Fig. 57D ); solenomere ( sl ) with apicomesal process ( amp ) subtriangular; ectal process ( ep ) subtriangular, separated from amp by deep notch; sa located at mesal portion, slightly visible apically. Internal branch ( ib ) subtriangular, narrow, curved ectad at midlength, surrounding the base of tp as a shield; with torsion of 180° in the distal portion and a rounded projection, directed ectad; ib with setae along its entire margin slightly exceeding apically seminal region of sl ( Fig. 57D–F ). VULVAE . As typical for the genus. Bursa subtriangular, glabrous ( Fig. 177F ); internal valve subtriangular, with mesal region rounded; operculum narrow; external valve wide, subtriangular. Distribution The species is widely distributed in the Cerrado (tropical savanna ecoregion) of Goiás up to the southern Bahia State , in the semi-arid region of the Caatinga biome and partially some patches of Atlantic Forest in northeastern Brazil ( Fig. 181 ).