Taxonomy and natural history of the myrmecophilous genus Clinterocera Motschulsky, 1858 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae) from China and adjacent regions: revision of the C. jucunda species group Author Xu, Hao Author Qiu, Jian-Yue Author Huang, Guo-Hua text Zootaxa 2018 2018-12-13 4531 3 301 352 journal article 27779 10.11646/zootaxa.4531.3.1 4d438ca0-e475-456e-98a1-d45aa4dab121 1175-5326 2614658 59544702-0856-4146-B2D8-A6E2B0BA0D41 Clinterocera krikkeni Xu & Qiu , new species ( Figs. 14–15 , 32 , 48–49 , 70–71 , 120–121 , 140 , 165–166 , 180 ) Clinterocera yunnana : Krajčik 2011 : 73 (Tchao Pin-io, China ), plate 5, fig. 14 ♂ . (misapplication of the name, nec Moser, 1911 ) Differential diagnosis. This black new species is most similar to C. yunnana , but its surface is almost without tomentum, while dorsal and ventral surfaces (including prementum) of the latter species are densely covered with tomentum ( Figs. 128–129 ). Also, the shape of parameres is distinctly different in both species ( Figs. 70–71, 78– 79 ). This species is also similar to melanistic individuals of C. davidi and C. nigra , but can be distinguished by the combination of the following characters: body surface almost without tomentum, pronotal tomentous band absent, lateral tomentous band on elytron present. Holotype (Male). General: Body length 19.8 mm; width 7.4 mm. Body completely black. Surface with numerous setiferous punctures; setae yellow, stubble like. Head, pronotum, scutellum, and disc of elytra without tomentum, elytral declivity and pygidium with dull, khaki tomentum ( Fig. 120 ). Head: Clypeus apical margin raised, frons evenly convex. Surface without tomentum, with dense, fine, setiferous punctures; punctures elliptic behind clypeal apex, round in frons; setae short. Antennal scapus strongly expanded, subflabellate; exterior surface tomentous without tomentum, with dense, minute punctures; interior surface with many setiferous punctures in margins, setae slender. Mouthparts: Prementum extremely expanded, scutellate; exterior surface matt, with dense, semicircular, setiferous punctures; setae short ( Fig. 121 ). Pronotum: Subcircular, margins slightly raised; anterior margin almost straight, slightly convex in medial in dorsal view; disc with dense, minute, rounded arcuate-striolate, setiferous punctures; punctures denser in lateral portion; setae short ( Fig. 14 ). Surface without tomentum, but posterior half of margin tomentous. Scutellum: Subtriangular. Surface without tomentum, with sparse, fine, arcuate-striolate, setiferous punctures; setae short. Elytra: Subrectangular. Surface with sparse, fine, elongate, arcuate-striolae, setiferous punctures, denser in elytral declivity; setae short ( Fig. 15 ). Disc without tomentum; elytral declivity with a lateral tomentous band; posthumeral tomentous spots small, and lateral tomentous spots indistinct ( Fig. 120 ). Metepisternum and metepimeron: Metepisternum without tomentum; metepimeron tomentous; surface with dense, arcuate-striolate, setiferous punctures; setae short ( Fig. 140 ). Sternum: Preprosternal apophysis robust, slightly reflexed, with cluster of long setae on the apex. Metasternum without tomentum, surface with dense, arcuate-striolate, setiferous punctures in lateral portion; punctures rounded in middle portion; setae short ( Fig. 121 ). Abdomen: Shallow, longitudinal groove between abdominal sternites III–V. Abdominal sternites surface with dense, fine, arcuate-striolate, setiferous punctures, and sparse, fine, annulatestriolate, setiferous punctures; setae short. Surface almost without tomentum, posterior margin of each sternite slightly tomentous ( Fig. 121 ). Propygidium surface heavily tomentous, with dense, setiferous punctures; setae short; terminal spiracla distinctly protruding. Pygidium: Distinctly convex. Surface heavily tomentous, with fine, round, setiferous punctures; setae short. Legs: Surface with dense, fine, sinuous striolae and arcuate, setiferous punctures; setae short. Tibiae slender. Protibia with a small, external denticle in apical portion; a blunt protrusion near middle of outer margin; apical tooth of inferior ridge elongate, tapering, curved downwards ( Fig. 32 ). Mesotibia and metatibia with a small, acute protrusion near middle of outer margin; three distinct, acute protrusions in distal portion; two spurs short, tapering ( Fig. 48 ). Coxa, trochanter, anterior side of profemora, posterior side of mesofemora and metafemora, dorsal side of mesotibia and metatibia with sparse tomentum. Tarsi with 4 tarsomeres, slender ( Figs. 32 , 48 ); propretarsi short, acute. Parameres: Elongate, outer margins nearly parallel in medial, distal portion slightly expanded, apex obtuse in apical view; interparameral split widened ( Figs. 70–71 ). Allotype (female). Body length 20.2 mm; width 7.5 mm. Similar to holotype , except for sexual dimorphism characteristic of the genus. Other paratypes . Body length 19.0–22.8 mm; width 7.1–8.3 mm. Characters are stable. Tomentum is rather scarce in some individuals. Only one male had a small red marking on elytron ( Fig. 166 ). Type material. Holotype : ♂ (HUNAU), VII.2009 , Huaxi, Guiyang. Paratypes ( 9♂♂ , 30♀♀ ): CHINA : 2♀♀ ( MFNB ), Tchao Pin-Io [uncertain locality], Chine ; Guizhou : 1♀ ( Allotype , QCCC ), VII.2009 , Huaxi , Guiyang ; 3♂♂ , 7♀♀ ( QCCC ) , 1♂ , 1♀ ( RMNH ) , 1♀ ( NSMT ) , 1♀ ( KSCJ ), VII.2009 , Huaxi , Guiyang ; 3♀♀ ( HLSC ), Guiyang , College student leg .; 1♂ , 1♀ ( QCCC ), 15.VI.2009 , Gaopo , Huaxi , Guiyang , Bo LI ; 1♀ ( GUGC ), 19.VI.2010 , Guiyang ; 1♀ ( GUGC ), 22.VI.2010 , Qingyan , Guiyang ; 1♂ ( GFGY ), 29.VI.1978 , Xiuwen , Guiyang , Cai GONG ; 1♂ , 1♀ ( QCCC ), VIII.2013 , Tuyunguan , Guiyang , Ming-Zhi ZHAO ; 1♂ ( QCCC ), 19.V.2014 , Shangwuyang , Shibing County , Chang-Qin PENG ; 1♀ ( QCCC ), 14.VI.2011 , Mount Yuntaishan , Shibing County , Kaili , 665– 1,010 m , N 27°13′, E 108°11′, Z.-C. YANG ; 1♀ ( QCCC ), 25–29. VI.2018 , Mount Yuntaishan , Shibing County , Kaili , 665– 1,066 m , N 27°13′, E 108°11′, Yu-Qi LI; Guangxi : 1♀ ( QCCC ), 22.VI.2016 , Huaping Nature Reserve , Longsheng County , Chi JIN ; 3♀♀ ( QCCC ), 3.VII.2006 , Yong’an , Jinshi , Xing’an County , Shao-Juan ZHANG ; 1♀ ( QCCC ), 4.VII.2010 , Jinshi Twon , Xing’an County ; 2♀♀ ( QCCC ), 7.VII.2011 , Gaozhai , Huajiang , Xing’an County ; 1♂ ( GXIP ), 16.VII.1987 , Mount Maoershan , Xing’an County , De-Wei WEI; Guangdong : 1♀ ( SYSM ), 8.VII.2008 , Mount Dadongshan , Lianxian , Yun WANG . Other material examined ( 5♂♂ , 17♀♀ ). Twenty-two specimens preserved in GUGC are not designated as paratypes because they had no collecting data. Student probably collected these specimens on campus in recent years. FIGURES 112–135. Male habitus of Clinterocera (typical form), dorsal and ventral view. 112–113, Clinterocera brevifasciata new species (holotype); 114–115, C. davidis (Fujian, China); 116–117, C. donckieri (Guizhou, China); 118–119, C. jucunda (Chiang Rai, Thailand); 120–121, C. krikkeni new species (holotype); 122–123, C. nigra (Taiwan) ; 124–125, C. velutina new species (holotype); 126–127, C. vietnamensis new species (holotype); 128–129, C. yunnana (Yunnan, China); 130–131, C. ishikawai (paratype); 132–133, C. raui (Hua Phan, Laos); 134–135, C. sinensis new species (holotype). FIGURES 136–147. Male habitus of Clinterocera (typical form), oblique view. 136, Clinterocera brevifasciata new species (holotype); 137, C. davidis (Fujian, China); 138, C. donckieri (Guizhou, China); 139, C. jucunda (Chiang Rai, Thailand); 140, C. krikkeni new species (holotype); 141, C. nigra (Taiwan) ; 142, C. velutina new species (holotype); 143, C. vietnamensis new species (holotype); 144, C. yunnana (Yunnan, China); 145, C. ishikawai (Ryukyu, Japan, paratype); 146, C. raui (Hua Phan, Laos); 147, C. sinensis new species (holotype). FIGURES 148–164. Habitus of Clinterocera (variation). 148, Clinterocera brevifasciata new species (Yunnan, China, paratype); 149, C . brevifasciata (Yunnan, China, allotype); 150, C. davidis (Guangxi, China); 151–152, C. davidis (Fujian, China); 153, C. davidis (Guangxi, China); 154–158, C. davidis (Fujian, China); 159–161, C. donckieri (Guangxi, China, slightly greasy); 162, C. jucunda (Hua Phan, Laos); 163, C. jucunda (Yunnan, China); 164, C. jucunda (Cao Bang, Vietnam). Etymology. This species is named for the eminent taxonomist Dr. Jan Krikken (RMNH) as thanks for his assistance with our research on Asian flower beetles, and to honor his achievements in the systematics of Cetoniinae , especially Cremastocheilini. Distribution. China : Guangdong , Guangxi , Guizhou . Natural history. Very little is known. Most specimens are heavily worn females that were collected in July and August, which indicates that midsummer is the end of the adult period. Remarks. The photograph of the supposed “ holotype ” of C. yunnana in Krajčik (2011) is erroneous and actually a picture of a C . krikkeni specimen. A syntype of Clinterocera yunnana ( Moser, 1911 ) in the MFNB and is discussed in the section on that species.