Three new free-living marine nematode species of Subsphaerolaimus Lorenzen, 1978, Halichoanolaimus de Man, 1886 and Belbolla Andrássy, 1973 from mangrove wetlands in Taiwan Author Xiao, Yueping 0000-0002-9177-0144 State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China guoyuqing @ jmu. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9177 - 0144 & https: // orcid. org / 0009 - 0001 - 3569 - 3068 guoyuqing@jmu.edu.cn Author Guo, Yuqing 0000-0002-9177-0144 State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China guoyuqing @ jmu. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9177 - 0144 guoyuqing@jmu.edu.cn text Zootaxa 2023 2023-11-02 5361 3 301 322 https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5361.3.1/52193 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5361.3.1 1175-5326 10146950 2AF3B0AE-C2E4-41D5-9C61-3A688B9D5FCD Morphological description of Subsphaerolaimus danshuiensis sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 8FEE2E0E-9792-4FAA-B13F-1AD831536FEB ( Figures 2–3 , Table 1 ) Type material. Eight males and five females were collected from station DSH 1 in February 2021 . Holotype : ♁1 on slide number DS20210219 H11. Paratypes : ♁2 on slide number DS20210219 H12, ♁3 on slide number DS20210219 H17, ♁4 on slide number DS20210219 H18, ♁5 on slide number DS20210219 H110, ♁6 and ♁7 on slide number DS20210219 H111, ♁8 on slide number DS20210219 H115, ♀ 1 on slide number DS20210219 H11, ♀ 2 on slide number DS20210219 H18, ♀ 3 and ♀ 4 on slide number DS20210219 H110, ♀ 5 on slide number DS20210219 H111 and ♀ 6 on slide number DS20210219 H115. TABLE 1. Individual measurements and morphological statistics of Subsphaerolaimus danshuiensis sp. nov. (in μm).

Characteristics	Holotype	Paratypes
♁1	♁2–8	♀1–6
Body length	1486	1345–1677 (1495±110.5)	1361–1693 (1531±148.9)
Head diameter	29	27–29 (28±0.6)	26–31 (29±1.7)
Cephalic setae length	12–14	11–17	10–15
Subcephalic setae length	23–59	26–65	24–68
Cervical setae length	22–30	17–33	19–34
Buccal cavity length	11	8–10 (9±0.9)	8–10 (9±0.7)
Buccal cavity diameter	15	16–18 (17±0.5)	16–19 (18±1.0)
Amphid from anterior end	19	18–25 (21±2.8)	19–23 (21±1.7)
Amphid diameter	8	8–9 (8±0.4)	7–8 (7±0.6)
Amphid body diameter	33	32–37 (35±2.2)	33–39 (36±2.3)
Nerve ring from the anterior end	134	135–153 (143±6.2)	129–166 (143±14.6)
Nerve ring body diameter	59	52–62 (58±3.3)	57–67 (63±4.2)
Pharynx length	263	242–290 (262±15.9)	226–298 (267±27.6)
Pharynx body diameter	68	62–73 (67±4.0)	63–83 (74±8.1)
Maximum body diameter	75	72–84 (78±4.5)	78–104 (91±10.3)
Tail length	189	175–212 (194±12.6)	182–217 (198±13.6)
Anal body diameter	53	48–56 (53±2.5)	44–53 (49±3.8)
c’	3.6	3.2–4.1 (3.6±0.3)	3.7–4.2 (4.0±0.2)
Spicules length as arc	75	67–76 (71±3.6)	-
Spicules length as chord	66	54–65 (60±4.3)	-
Gubernaculum length	31	30–35 (33±2.0)	-
Gubernaculum apophysis length	17	16–23 (20±2.2)	-
Distance to the vulva from the anterior end of the body	-	-	939–1172 (1060±100.0)
Vulval body diameter	-	-	69–84 (78±5.9)
V%	-	-	69–70 (69±0.6)
a	19.8	16.6–23.1 (19.4±2.0)	14.7–19.8 (17.0±2.0)
b	5.7	5.5–6.1 (5.7±0.2)	5.4–6.0 (5.7±0.3)
c	7.8	7.4–8.0 (7.7±0.2)	7.5–8.3 (7.8±0.3)

FIGURE 2. Subsphaerolaimus danshuiensis sp. nov. A: Lateral view of the male anterior part; B: Male head; C: Lateral view of the male posterior part; D: Spicule of the male; E: Lateral view of the female posterior part; F: Vulva region. Scale bars: A, C, E = 25 μm; B, D = 5 μm; F = 50 μm. FIGURE 3. Subsphaerolaimus danshuiensis sp. nov. A: Lateral view of the male anterior part; B: Lateral view of the female anterior part; C: Lateral view of the male head part; D: Amphid and (sub)cephalic setae of the male; E: Lateral view of the female head part; F: Amphid and (sub)cephalic setae of the female; G: Spicule of the male; H: Lateral view of the male posterior part; I: Lateral view of female posterior part; J: Lateral view of the female reproductive system. Scale bars: A, B, H, I, J = 25 μm; C, D, E, F, G = 5 μm. Type locality and habitat. All specimens were collected from a mangrove ( Kandelia obovata ) forest in Danshui District , Xinbei City, Taiwan . Station DS : 121°26'34.44″E , 25°6'54.72″N . Etymology. The species epithet refers to the type locality: Danshui.