Palaearctic Osmia bees of the subgenus Hoplosmia (Megachilidae, Osmiini): biology, taxonomy and key to species
Author
Müller, Andreas
text
Zootaxa
2018
2018-04-30
4415
2
297
329
journal article
30150
10.11646/zootaxa.4415.2.4
4880ad2b-42d6-419d-b115-ecd2f777eea5
1175-5326
1241994
12025774-DB2C-436F-A06C-1A8F9A2B2361
Osmia
(
Hoplosmia
)
carbo
(
Zanden 1994
)
stat. nov.
Hoplosmia
(
Paranthocopa
)
pinguis carbo
Zanden 1994
: 1116
.
Type
material:
Holotype
♀
, “
8 km
O
Yeroham
” (
Israel
), private collection of
M. Schwarz
(Ansfelden).
Literature records.
EGYPT: Friese (1911).
New
records.
SYRIA
:
Tadmur oasis
,
9.4.1988
(leg.
R. Kinzelbach
)
.
ISRAEL
AND
PALESTINE
:
Haifa District
:
Mt. Carmel
,
En Ayyala
,
27.4.2000
(leg.
M. Török
)
;
West Bank
:
Dead Sea
N
Qumeran Enot Zuqim Res.
,
6.6.1996
(leg.
C. Schmid-Egger
)
;
Judean Desert
,
7 km
S
Qumeran
,
17.3.1997
(leg.
J.G. Rozen
,
M.S. Engel
)
;
Yehuda
plain,
Geva'ot HaKhurkhar
NP,
21.3.2011
(leg.
A. Dorchin
)
;
Central District
:
Qadima
,
24.2.2009
(leg.
A. Dorchin
)
;
Rehovot
,
7.3.2009
(leg.
A. Dorchin
)
;
Netanya Iris Reserve
,
4.4.2012
(leg.
J.S. Ascher
,
A.Payne
)
;
Judean Foothills, Lakhish,
16.3.2013
(leg.
T. Shapira
);
Tel Aviv
District
:
Tel Aviv
, 3–
10.4.1988
(leg.
Guichard
)
;
Southern District
:
10 km
S Beersheva
,
1.4.1988
(leg.
Guichard
)
;
Arad
,
6.4.1988
(leg.
Guichard
)
;
Negev
,
4 km
SW
Sede Boqer
,
7.5.1997
(leg.
J.G. Rozen
)
;
Arava Valley
,
Nahal Amazyahu
,
30.3.2011
(leg.
A. Dorchin
)
;
7 km
SE of
Nitzana
,
31.3.2012
(leg.
J.S.Ascher
,
A.Payne
)
;
Negev Mt.
,
Nahal Nizana
,
15 km
W
Mizpe Ramon
,
29.4.2013
(leg.
A. Dorchin
,
D. Bénon
,
V. Trunz
)
;
JORDAN
:
20 km
S North Shuna
,
Tall Al Arbatin
,
19.4.1996
(leg.
M. Halada
)
;
20 km
N
Madaba
,
1.5.1999
(leg.
W. Schläfle
)
;
Al Salt
,
Wadi Shu’ayb
,
15.3.2001
(leg.
S. Zaitoun
)
;
10 km
N
Jerash
,
20.4.2002
(leg.
M. Snizek
)
;
Al-Shawbak
,
18.4.2007
(leg.
C. Praz
,
C. Sedivy
,
A. Müller
)
;
Wadi Mujib
,
King’s Highway
,
19.4.2007
(leg.
C. Praz
,
C. Sedivy
,
A. Müller
)
;
Wadi
al
Hasa
S
Al Karak
,
20.4.2007
(leg.
C. Praz
,
C. Sedivy
,
A. Müller
)
.
FIGURES 11–15.
11: Female of
Osmia carbo
. 12. Female of
Osmia pinguis
. 13: Male sterna 2–3 of
Osmia carbo
. 14: Male genitalia of
Osmia carbo
. 15: Male genitalia of
Osmia pinguis
.
Distribution.
Levant (
Syria
,
Israel
and
Palestine
,
Jordan
) and northern
Egypt
.
Pollen hosts.
Oligolectic on
Asteraceae
(based on 23 pollen loads from 15 different localities in
Israel
and
Jordan
and on field observations). The species exhibits a near exclusive preference for
Cichorioideae
and
Asteroideae
as pollen hosts: 17 pollen loads exclusively consisted of pollen of
Cichorioideae
(n = 11) or
Asteroideae
(n = 6), while six were mixed loads of pollen of both subfamilies. One load contained a substantial amount of pollen of Carduoideae beside pollen of
Cichorioideae
and
Asteroideae
, suggesting that Carduoideae are occasionally also exploited. Flower records:
Andryala
spec.,
Crepis aculeata
,
C
.
aspera
,
Anthemis
spec.,
Chrysanthemum coronarium
,
Senecio vernalis
(label records).
Nesting biology.
The nests are built in empty snail shells of small to medium size with a diameter of
13–25 mm
(
Mavromoustakis 1948; A. Müller unpublished data
). Twenty-five nests from
Jordan
contained one (n = 2), two (n = 9) or three (n = 14) brood cells. The brood cells are separated from each other by one-layered partitions consisting of leaf pulp. An additional wall of leaf pulp seals the shell at or shortly behind its opening. Similar to
O
.
spinulosa
, the nests are not sealed against their rear end with a basal wall and the outermost cell partition is distinctly more robust than all the other cell partitions and the nest plug, probably acting as a barrier against parasites and predators. In contrast to
O
.
spinulosa
, the shells are never turned after they have been sealed.
Note.
Osmia carbo
was treated by
Zanden (1994)
as a subspecies of
O
.
pinguis
Pérez 1895
. As the distribution areas of the two taxa are widely separated and the morphological differences are substantial (see
Fig. 11–15
and key to species),
O
.
pinguis carbo
is considered here to be a species of its own, i.e.
O
.
carbo
(
Zanden 1994
)
,
stat. nov.