Notes on Mediterranean Theridiidae (Araneae) – II
Author
Knoflach, Barbara
University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck ,, Austria
Author
Rollard, Christine
Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris ,, France
Author
Thaler, Konrad
Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck ,, France
text
ZooKeys
2009
2009-07-29
16
16
227
264
journal article
10.3897/zookeys.16.237
6183f557-d88b-466e-81ea-549149b529cb
1313–2970
576484
Theridion pinicola
Simon, 1873
Figs 65-67
,
69-75
Theridion pinicola
Simon, 1873b: 364
, 371, male female.
Type
locality:
Corsica
.
Paidiscura pinicola
: –
Wunderlich 2008: 392
, transfer from
Theridion
.
Material examined.
France
:
Corsica
,
3 ♂
35 ♀
4 juveniles
(
MHNP
AR 2257
).
N Corsica, Calvi
,
Forêt de Bonifatu
,
Bocca di Erbaghiolu
,
1200 m
,
42°25’15.0’’N
08°50’15.5’’E
,
beating from
Pinus nigra laricio
,
5 ♂
3 ♀
1 subadult ♂
1 subadult ♀
,
2.5.2001
, leg.
B. Knoflach
and
K. Thaler
[Th-409 Co-01/8]
.
Ibidem,
1200 m
,
3 ♂
1 ♀
3 subadult ♂
,
30.4.2001
.
Corsica
,
Haute Asco
,
42°23’32.2’’N
08°55’08.9’’E
,
1400-1440 m
,
2 ♀
,
12.9.2001
,
beating pine at timber line
, leg.
B. Knoflach
and
K. Thaler
[Th-417 Co01/15]
.
Tunisia
:
Kasserine
,
W Thélepte
,
Dernaya
(close to Algerian border),
35°7’24.3’’N
8°28’57.0’’E
,
1120 m
,
sparse pine wood
,
2 ♂
(
1 ♂
CM
,
1 ♂
SMF
),
19.4.2007
, leg.
C. Muster
.
Figures 63-68.
Theridion musivum
Simon
(
63-64
), female from
Corsica
(
63
), female guarding egg-sac from Sardinia (
64
).
T. pinicola
Simon
from
Corsica
(
65-67
), male (
65-66
), copulating pair (
67
).
T. semitinctum
Simon
from Northern
Italy
, female vulva, dorsal view (
68
).
Voucher specimens deposited in CTh, MHNG, NMW if not specifically indicated.
Description
, identification.
The species has not been reported since the original description of
Simon (1873b: 364
, 371;
1881: 105
).
Measurements
.
Males (n=5, min-max): Total length 1.5-1.9, carapace length 0.7- 0.9, width 0.7-0.8, length femur I 0.9-1.1, tibia I
0.6-0.8 mm
. Females (n=5, min-max): Total length 1.5-2.4, carapace length 0.7-0-8, width 0.6-0.7, length femur I 0.7-0.9, tibia I
0.5-0.6 mm
.
Figures 69-75.
Theridion pinicola
Simon
from
Corse
, Forêt de Bonifatu. Male palp, retrolateral (
69
), ventral (
70
), prolateral view (
7 1
). Epigynum/vulva, ventral (
72
,
74
), dorsal view (
73
,
75
).
69-7 1
and
72-75
drawn at same scale. Scale lines: 0.20 (
69-7 1
) and
0.10 mm
(
72-75
).
Somatic
features
(
Figs 65-67
). Carapace yellowish with thin dark margins and dark median band from eye region to midline. Sternum light, its margins may be diffuse dark. Legs yellowish with dark annulations from distal femora onwards. Abdomen dark brown, dorsum usually with whitish median folium. Male epigaster protruding.
Male
palp
(
Figs 69-71
). Conformation of male palp as in other representatives of the
Theridion varians
group (see
Knoflach 1998
). Tibia short, with one retrolateral trichobothrium. Conductor pointed and curved. Prolateral part of median apophysis triangular and strongly protruding. Theridiid tegular apophysis pointed. Embolus slender. Distal part of embolus
0.25 mm
long.
Epigynum
/vulva
(
Figs 72-75
). Epigynal cavity rounded, its posterior border strongly sclerotised; with central copulatory orifices fused to common, rounded opening. Copulatory ducts ca.
0.4 mm
long. They diverge laterally, forming a few coils, turn inwards and enter the receptacula by a final wide coil. In mated females the epigynal cavity is filled by plug secretions. All parts of vulva clearly translucent through integument.
Copulatory
behaviour.
Copulation follows the pattern of the
Theridion varians
group, with 6-8 sperm inductions, a presumed initial pseudocopulation and a final mating plug sequence (
Knoflach 2004
).
Generic
placement:
The generic placement of
Theridion pinicola
in
Paidiscura
by
Wunderlich (2008)
has to be rejected, since there is no convincing argument for such a combination.
T. pinicola
is clearly a member of the
T. varians
group, see above and
Knoflach (2004)
, for
Paidiscura
see
Knoflach and Thaler (2000)
.
Distribution
.
Theridion pinicola
was hitherto known only from
Corsica
(
Simon 1873b
,
1881
,
1914
). The present new record from
Tunisia
suggests a wider distribution. As indicated by the naming of Simon the species occurs on pines, and appears to be a specialised inhabitant of pine forest, “en été sur les pins” (
Simon 1881
).