A new classification of the family Ariidae (Osteichthyes: Ostariophysi: Siluriformes) based on combined analyses of morphological and molecular data Author Marceniuk, Alexandre Pires Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, conjunto Presidente Castelo Branco III, João Pessoa, PB 58050 - 000, Brazil & Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, PB 58429 - 500, Brazil & Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Botucatu, SP 18618 - 970, Brazil a_marceniuk@hotmail.com Author Oliveira, Claudio Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Botucatu, SP 18618 - 970, Brazil Author Ferraris Jr, Carl J. 545 NE Floral Pl., Portland, OR 97232, USA text Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 2024 2023-08-21 200 2 426 476 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad078 journal article 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad078 0024-4082 11240120 5D6C7EBF-E568-4100-9364-2DD357003878 Osteogeneiosus Bleeker, 1846 ( Figs 1–3 , 24F , 36 ) Type species: Osteogeneiosus militaris Linnaeus, 1758 . Diagnosis Nasal anterior curvature very pronounced ( 20, 0> 1) ; bony blade not connecting nasal tubules anteriorly (21, 1> 0); frontal mesial laminar projection absent (23, 1> 0); anterior portion of posterior process of vomer as narrow as posterior portion (54, 0> 1); accessory tooth plates large, longitudinally elongate (60, 3> 4); accessory tooth plates situated between premaxilla and lateral ethmoid (62, 1> 2); maxilla cylindrical, very long and distally acute (101, 0> 2) ; autopalatine cylindrical, very short and robust ( 104,?> 2) ; anterior cartilage of autopalatine very short, less than one-third length of bone ( 113, 1> 0) ; autopalatine posterior cartilage reduced to small sphere ( 114, 1> 2) ; anteroventral portion of opercle subtriangular (127, 3> 4); metapterygoid three times longer than deep (135, 3> 4); urohyal short (157, 1> 0); contact face between first epibranchial and first pharyngobranchial very conspicuous (177, 0> 1); Müllerian ramus distal one-third markedly curved (208, 1> 2); mental barbel absent (236, 0> 1); gas bladder lateral diverticula present (243, 0> 1); gas bladder diverticula present anterolaterally (246, 0> 1). Figure 35. Kyataphisa nenga , Indo-West Pacific, photograph by Ricardo Betancur-R., type species of the genus. Figure 36. Osteogeneiosus militaris , UMMZ 214628, Indo-West Pacific, type species of the genus. Ambiguous optimization: Anterior portion of anterior cranial fontanel partially or totally delimited by dorsal expansion of orbitosphenoid (24, 0> 1); posterior cranial fontanel formed exclusively frontals (25, 0> 1); maxillary condyle very large ( 103, 1> 3) ; anteroventral portion of opercle subtrapezoidal, moderately long (127, 2> 1); second external branchiostegal ray width less than one-half that of first ray (148, 1> 0); second basibranchial mushroom shaped (166, 0> 1); third basibranchial hourglass shaped (168, 1> 0); 19 or more precaudal vertebrae (215, 0> 1); gas bladder lateral diverticula with diverticula (244, 0> 1); protractor muscle of parapophysis of fourth vertebra originating exclusively from ventral surface of posterior process of epioccipital (248, 0> 1). Included species Osteogeneiosus militaris (Linnaeus, 1758) . Habitat and distribution: Brackish and marine waters, South and Southeast Asia ( Fig. 24 ). Remarks The close relationship of Osteogeneiosus with Ketengus that was reported in previous morphological and molecular studies ( Marceniuk and Menezes 2007 , Betancur-R. 2009, Marceniuk et al. 2012 ) is supported by the results of the total-evidence analysis.