Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023 Author Çiçek, Erdoğan Department of Biology, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Nevşehir Hacı BektaşVeli University, Nevşehir, Türkiye Author Fricke, Ronald Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde in Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany Author Sungur, Sevil Health Services Vocational School, Nevşehir Hacı BektaşVeli University, Nevşehir, Türkiye Author Çapar, Osman Bahadir Faculty of Fisheries, Cukurova University, Türkiye Author Golani, Daniel Deparment of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel text Zootaxa 2023 2023-11-13 5369 4 451 484 https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255 journal article 278560 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1 8a95fa8d-aaf9-4550-9a5b-0e8408ecb1bd 1175-5326 10146651 62878FA8-7CC7-462C-9FBF-C9BAEF177855 Oxynoemacheilus insignis (Heckel, 1843) [N] — Syrian loach; Binun ha’yarden Taxonomy. Original description: Cobitis insignis Heckel, 1843a: 1087 (97) [ Damascus , Syria ; syntypes : NMW (4, not found), SMF 166 (2, poor condition)].— Israel synonyms: Nemacheilus insignis (Heckel, 1843) ; Noemacheilus angorae jordanicus Bănărescu & Nalbant, 1966 ; Noemacheilus angorae tortonesei Bănărescu & Nalbant, 1966 ; Orthrias dori Goren & Bănărescu, 1982 ; Nemacheilus dori Goren & Bănărescu, 1982 ; Orthrias israeliticus Goren & Nalbant, 1982 ; Oxynoemacheilus pantheroides (Goren & Nalbant, 1982) ; Orthrias pantheroides Goren & Nalbant, 1982 .—Revisions: Prokofiev (2009: 880) with subspecies.—Illustration: Heckel (1843b : pl. 12, fig. 3). Status in Israel . First record from Israel by Günther (1865: 490) as Cobitis insignis , by Lortet (1883: 173) , Tristram (1884: 177) and Steinitz (1953: 213) as Nemachilus insignis , Bănărescu & Nalbant (1966) as Noemacheilus angorae jordanicus and N. angorae tortonesei ; Günther (1864) as Cobitis insignis subsequently reported by Goren (1974: 93 , 94) as Noemacheilus angorae jordanicus , N. insignis tortonesei and Noemacheilus tigris (non Heckel, 1843); Goren & Bănărescu (1982) as Nemacheilus dori ; Goren & Nalbant (1982) as Orthrias israeliticus and O. pantheroides ; confirmed by Goren & Ortal (1999: 4) as Nemacheilus jordanicus and Nemacheilus dori .—Israel material: HUJ, TAU, JMH. Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel : Jordan River drainage and Sea of Galilee.—Distribution in River Basin: 2-Dead Sea Basin, 3-Kinneret Basin.—General distribution: Asia Minor and the Middle East: Turkey , Syria , Israel , and Jordan .—Distribution in Ecoregion: 438- Jordan River.—Habitat: This species lives in moderately fast-flowing streams and rivers with a mud or gravel substrate and low pollution levels. Freshwater. Economic importance. No commercial importance. Conservation. Conservation status in Israel : Unknown.—IUCN: NT ( IUCN 2023 f).—Threats: ABS, CON, HAB, CLI, EUT.—Moderate sensitivity to human activities.—Keystone species.—Decline status: Decreasing.—Moderate priority for conservation action.