The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae)
Author
Kilgallen, N. M.
Author
Lowry, J. K.
text
Zootaxa
2014
2014-02-28
3768
5
501
545
journal article
5767
10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
4c0b59ec-84a8-4daa-8467-3ac34e86ecd6
1175-5326
4909684
FACF814C-3221-44CF-9DED-4B808F186C64
Tryphosa
group
Diagnostic description.
Antenna 1 well developed, accessory flagellum forming a cap. Mandible molar columnar with convex triturating surface or proximally setose and distally triturating. Gnathopod 1 subchelate or parachelate. Uropod 2 inner ramus constricted.
Telson
cleft.
Included genera.
The
Tryphosa
group includes 8 genera:
Bruunosa
Barnard & Karaman, 1987
;
Glorieusella
gen. nov.
;
Gronella
Barnard & Karaman, 1991
;
Metambasia
Stephensen, 1923
;
Pseudonesimus
Chevreux, 1926
;
Schisturella
Norman, 1900
;
Thrombasia
J.L.
Barnard, 1966
; and
Tryphosa
Boeck, 1871
.
Remarks.
This interesting group is highlighted by two synapomorphies: the accessory flagellum forms a cap that covers the callynophore, and the inner ramus on uropod 2 is constricted. The characters defining the genera are mainly confined to gnathopod 1; strongly or weakly subchelate and the condition of the coxa from fully developed to vestigial, tapering or subrectangular.
Two genera,
Gronella
and
Metambasia
, are North Atlantic arctic/boreal endemics. Three of the more widespread genera,
Pseudonesimus
,
Schisturella
and
Thrombasia
, occur in Australian waters.
Within the
Tryphosa
group species gnathopod 1 is either strongly subchelate, subchelate or parachelate and three kinds of gnathopod 1 coxae are found: subrectangular and about as big as the gnathopod 2 coxa; slightly smaller than gnathopod 2 and tapering; or vestigial. There are two forms of the maxilla 1 setal-teeth: either both ST-7 and ST-D have the medial margin mostly or completely serrate or the medial margin is smooth and they are apically serrate or cuspidate. The uropod 3 rami may be either with plumose setae in the adult male and/or female or they have no plumose setae; and the lanceolate inner ramus is either slender or broad. These combinations of characters define the genera in the
Tryphosa
group.