Phylogeny of the deep-sea cirripede family Scalpellidae (Crustacea, Thoracica) based on shell capitular plate morphology
Author
Gale, Andrew Scott
text
Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
2016
2016-01-25
176
2
266
304
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12321
journal article
10.1111/zoj.12321
da7659b3-437f-4db6-80d2-69fa35aa5b16
0024-4082
PMC7165668
32336790
5357812
CATHERINUM ANGLICUM
SP. NOV.
FIGURE 19C–K, N–Q, T, V
Diagnosis
Catherinum
in which the occludent margin of the tergum is straight, and the external surface adjacent to this carries three ribs that diverge from the umbo. The upper part of the upper latus margin of the scutum is embayed. The carinolatus has a very broad upper latus margin.
Derivation of name
After
East Anglia
, in which the
type
material was collected
.
Material
Fifty
valves, including carinae, scuta, terga, and carinolatera, from the
upper Campanian
,
Belemnitella mucronata
zone chalk of
Keswick
and
Cringleford Newfound Farm
pits,
Norwich
,
Norfolk
,
UK
.
The
scutum illustrated is the
holotype
(
Figure 19O
)
, and the other illustrated valves are
paratypes
.
Description
The carina (
Fig. 19E, I, P, T, V
) is gently incurved towards the tergum, and the parietes are of even width; intraparietes are not developed. The tectal ridges are robust and broad (
Fig. 19E, T
), and the tectal surface between these is slightly convex. The tergum (
Fig. 19Q
) is elongated and triangular, and the carinal margin is slightly convex. Three radial ridges run from the umbo, subparallel with the occludent margin. The scuta (
Fig. 19J, K, N, O
) are concavo–convex, trapezoidal, and the umbo is pointed and incurved; the upper latus margin has a distinctive concavity just beneath the tergal–upper latus angle. A narrow groove runs parallel with the occludent margin. On the interior of the valve, a deep, oval dwarf male receptacle lies between the apex and the scutal adductor scar. The carinolatus (
Fig. 19C, D, F–H
) has a low, incurved umbo, and a tall carinal margin. The long, straight upper latus and inframedian latus margins are set at right angles. The plate is very typical of
Catherinum
of the
Ca. hispidum
(
Fig. 19A, B
) and
Ca. striolatum
(
Fig. 7P, Q
)
type
.
Remarks
Catherinum anglicum
sp. nov.
is perhaps closest to the extant
Ca. hispidum
from the Norwegian Sea. The carinae are very similar indeed, both carrying very broad, robust tectal ridges (
Fig. 19I, S, T
), and with shallow short grooves for articulation with the carinolatus in the interior (
Fig. 19U, V
). The terga are similar in shape, but the scutal margin is convex in
Ca. hispidum
and straight in
Ca. anglicum
sp. nov.
Three divergent ribs run from the umbo, adjacent to the occludent margin in
Ca. anglicum
sp. nov.
, but these are absent in the living species (
Fig. 19Q, R
). The scuta both possess an incurved umbo, and a large, deep pit for dwarf males (
Fig. 19J–O
), which is directed slightly more transversely in
Ca. hispidum
. The carinolatera are similar in shape (
Fig. 19A–D, F–H
), but the tergal margin is longer in
Ca. anglicum
sp. nov.
It can be distinguished from small carinae of
Diotascalpellum fossula
by the absence of intraparietes. A further undescribed species of
Catherinum
is present in the Norwich chalk assemblage; this will be named subsequently.
This is a very small species: the scuta have a maximum height of
2 mm
, and the total height of the individuals was probably not more than
5 mm
. It was possibly attached to living crustaceans or pycnogonids, by analogy with the small extant species
Weltnerium nymphocola
(
Hoek, 1883
)
and
Verum brachiumcancri
Weltner
(see
Buhl-Mortensen & Høeg, 2012
).