A new species of Parabonzia (Trombidiformes: Cunaxidae) based on adults and nymphs with a key to the world species Author Chen, Jian-Xin Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P. R. China. & Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P. R. China, Guiyang 550025. P. R. China. Author Guo, Jian-Jun Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P. R. China. & Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P. R. China, Guiyang 550025. P. R. China. Author Yi, Tian-Ci Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P. R. China. & Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P. R. China, Guiyang 550025. P. R. China. Author Jin, Dao-Chao Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P. R. China. & Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P. R. China, Guiyang 550025. P. R. China. text Acarologia 2020 2020-11-04 60 4 806 824 http://dx.doi.org/10.24349/acarologia/20204402 journal article 10.24349/acarologia/20204402 2107-7207 5757913 Parabonzia xinningensis Chen & Jin sp. nov. ( Figures 1–21 ) Zoobank: 2C380B60-BE0F-429B-A119-6E32063195EC Diagnosis — Hysterosomal median shield with four pairs of setae c ( 1 , c2 , d1 , e1 ); palp telofemur with one branched (4 tines) seta; genital plates with eight pairs of genital setae; setal formula of coxal plates I–IV: 6-6-7-7 sts ; genu III and genu IV with one and two asl setae respectively; tibia III with one bsl seta. Description Female (n = 21; Figures 1–7 ) Idiosoma 200 (200–246) long, 120 (108–150) wide ( Figures 1–2 ). Figure 1 Parabonzia xinningensis Chen & Jin sp. nov. , female: A – dorsal of entire body; B – ventral of entire body. Scale represents 100 μm. Figure 2 Parabonzia xinningensis Chen & Jin sp. nov. , female: A – dorsal idiosoma; B – ventral idiosoma. Scale represents 100 μm. Dorsum ( Figures 1A , 2A , 3A–C ) — Propodosomal shield trapezoid and papillae, 67 (57–75) long, 83 (85–88) wide, bearing two pairs of trichobothria ( at and pt ), two pairs of tactile setae ( lps and mps ) ( Figures 2A and 3A ). The bases of at and pt cup-shaped, lps near at , at slightly longer than pt , lps longer than mps , and mps almost on the line of pt . Lateral area outside propodosomal shield with papillate striation. Hysterosoma with one inverted trapezoidal median shield, covered with random papillae, 59 (57–65) long, 80 (73–84) wide, and with four pairs of setae ( c1 , c2 , d1 , e1 ) ( Figures 1A , 2A , 3B ). Areas laterally to median shield with longitudinal papillate striation and two pairs of cupules ia (and im ) ( Figures 2A and 3B ). Area posterior to median shield with transverse papillate striation, one pair of cupules ip () and four pairs of setae ( f1 , f2 , h1 , h2 ), of which f1 and h1 arising from platelets ( Figures 2A and 3C ). Setal lengths and distances: at 93 (93–98), pt 80 (74–80), lps 34 (31–34), mps 23 (20–25), c1 21 (21–22), c2 22 (19–22), d122 (22–24), e1 26 (22–26), f1 24 (21–24), f2 19 (17–19), h1 26 (25–28), h2 18 (17–20); at-at 23 (21–27), pt-pt 34 (34–42), lps-lps 47 (45–54), mps-mps 15 (15–18), lps-mps 36 (30–44), at-lps 19 (18–25), pt-mps 9 (9–12), pt-lps 32 (32–39), at-mps 50 (48–60), at-pt 49 (46–61), c1-c1 27 (26–33), c2-c2 75 (75–97), d1-d1 41 (41–52), e1-e1 27 (27–40), f1-f1 16 (15–22), f2-f2 33 (30–41), h1-h1 13 (10–16), h2-h2 33 (32–45), c1-c2 Figure 3 Parabonzia xinningensis Chen & Jin sp. nov. , female: A – prodorsum; B – hysterosomal (median) shield; C – opisthosoma; D – coxae plates I and II; E – hysterosoma anterior part, venter; F – genital and anal region. Scale represents 50 μm. Figure 4 Parabonzia xinningensis Chen & Jin sp. nov. , female: A – one additional seta close to 1b is present on the right coxa I; B – genital and anal region. Scale represents 50 μm. Figure 5 Parabonzia xinningensis Chen & Jin sp. nov. , female: A – palp; B – chelicerae; C – subcapitulum. Scale represents 100 μm. Figure 6 Parabonzia xinningensis Chen & Jin sp. nov. , female: A – palp telofemur branched (4 tines) seta; B–D – subcapitulum, venter. Scale represents 50 μm. 25 (25–34), c1-d1 24 (24–32), c2-d1 29 (29–38), d1- e1 25 (25–31), e1-f1 25 (25–38), e1-f2 26 (26–41), f1-h1 21 (21–36), f1-h2 29 (27–44), f2-h1 22 (18–35), f2-h2 23 (18–36), f1-f2 8 (8–12), h1-h2 10 (9–18). Venter ( Figures 1B , 2B , 3D–F , 4A–B ) — Ventral area between the gnathosoma and coxae II, coxal plates I–IV, and genital plates with random papillae. Coxae I–II fused and coxae III–IV also fused. Area between coxae II and ppgs with transverse papillate striation; area between coxae III–IV groups with curved longitudinal papillate striation forming the shape of the letter ’’ X ’’ ; area outside genital plates and anal region with slightly curved longitudinal papillate striation. Setal formula of coxal plates I–IV: 6-6-7-7 sts ; one pair of propodogastral setae ( ppgs ), 7 (7–8) in length, and two pairs of hysterogastral setae, hgs1 and hgs2 , 7 (7–8) and 7 (6–9) in length respectively. Genital plates long 35 (33–37), wide 20 (16–22), two pairs of visible genital papillae, eight pairs of genital setae g ( 1–g8 ), 7 (7–8), 6 (7–8), 7 (6–8), 6 (6–8), 7 (6–8), 7 (6–7), 6 (6–6), 6 (6–7) in length, respectively; one pair of eugenital setae ( eu ) 10 (10–11) in length; five pairs of aggenital setae ag ( 1–ag5 ), 6 (7–8), 5 (5–10), 7 (7–10), 6 (6–8), 6 (6–9) in length, respectively. Anal region with one pair of pseudanal setae ps ( 1 ), 7 (7–10) in length, four pairs of para-anal setae ( pa1–pa4 ), 19 (17–20), 20 (12–20), 10 (10–13), 7 (7–10) in length, respectively, and one pair of lyrifissures ih (). Gnathosoma ( Figures 5A–C , 6A–D ) — Palp ( Figures 5A , 6A ). Five-segmented, 118 (104– 126) long, all segments with papillae. Palpal chaetotaxy: trochanter without setae; basifemur with two simple setae (one ventral and one dorsal); telofemur with one distally branched (4 tines) seta; genu with four simple setae (two ventral and two dorsal); tibiotarsus with one smooth sigmoid seta, one rod-like solenidion and five smooth simple setae; terminal claw absent. Chelicera ( Figure 5B ) 117 (114–126) long, with papillae, and ended in a developed cheliceral digit 8 (6–12) in length; cheliceral seta short, 3 (2–3) in length, arising near the base of cheliceral digit. Subcapitulum ( Figures. 5C , 6B–D ) 96 (95–123) long, 51 (51–66) wide and without adoral setae; with six pairs of hypognathal setae hg (), hg1 the longest and slightly curved; hg1–hg6 45 (40–46), 20 (18–22), 11 (10–13), 14 (14–19), 12 (10–12) and 10 (8–10) Figure 7 Parabonzia xinningensis Chen & Jin sp. nov. , female: A–D – leg I–IV respectively. Scale represents 100 μm. in length, respectively. Distances of hg setae: hg1-hg1 7 (4–8), hg2-hg2 7 (7–10), hg3-hg3 11 (11–14), hg4-hg4 48 (47–49), hg5-hg5 13 (13–16), hg6-hg6 46 (37–44), hg1-hg2 9 (9–11), hg2-hg3 19 (19–21), hg3-hg4 21 (18–21), hg4-hg5 14 (14–17), hg5-hg6 14 (12–14). Legs ( Figure 7A–D ) — Lengths of leg I–IV: 124 (124–135), 113 (113–117), 128 (118–132), 135 (134–146). Lengths of tarsus I–IV: 43 (42–48), 40 (41–43), 40 (37–43), 40 (38–45). T plumose on tibia IV 64 (64–68) in length. Legs I–IV chaetotaxy: coxae I–IV 6-6-7-7 sts ; trochanters I–IV 1-1-2-1 sts ; basifemora I–IV 4-7-3-2 sts ; telofemora I–IV 5-5-4-3 sts. Genu I 4 asl , 5 sts ; genu II 2 asl , 5 sts ; genu III 1 asl , 6 sts ; genu IV 2 asl , 6 sts. Tibia I 1 asl , 1 bsl , 6 sts ; tibia II 6 sts ; tibia III 1 bsl , 6 sts ; tibia IV 1 plumose T , 6 sts. Tarsus I 2 asl , 3 bsl , 1 fam , 1 dtsl , 2 tsl , 18 sts ; tarsus II 1 bsl , 1 dtsl , 1 tsl , 18 sts ; tarsus III 1 dtsl , 14 sts ; tarsus IV 1 dtsl , 12 sts . Male (n = 1; Figures 8–11 ) Idiosoma 160 long and 107 wide. ( Figures 8A–B , 9A–B ) Dorsum ( Figures 8A , 9A ) — Resembling that of the female; propodosomal shield 53 long, 73 wide, median shield 48 long, 63 wide, cupules ia (, im , ip ) invisible, setal lengths and distances: at 72, pt 65, lps 26, mps 18, c1 19, c2 16, d1 18, e1 17 , f1 17, f2 13, h1 18, h2 12; at-at 19, pt-pt 28, lps-lps 38, mps-mps 12, lps-mps 28, at-lps 17, pt-mps 8, pt-lps 24, at-mps 41, at-pt 36, c1-c1 20, c2-c2 63, d1-d1 32, e1- e1 21, f1-f1 9, f2-f2 20, h1-h1 8, h2-h2 22, c1-c2 24, c1-d121 , c2-d125 , d1- e1 20, e1-f1 13, e1-f2 14, f1-h1 17, f1-h2 20, f2-h1 16, f2-h2 17, f1-f2 5, h1-h2 9. Figure 8 Parabonzia xinningensis Chen & Jin sp. nov. , male: A – dorsal of entire body; B – ventral of entire body. Scale represents 100 μm . Venter ( Figures 8B , 9B ) — Eugenital setae ( eu ) and pseudanal setae ps () absent; setal formula of coxal plates I–IV: 6-6-7-6 sts ; propodogastral setae ppgs () and hysterogastral setae ( hgs1–hgs2 ) equal 7 in length. Genital plates long 29, wide 14, six pairs of genital setae ( g1–g6 ; only five setae on left plate), 6–7 in length; two pairs of aggenital setae ag ( 1–ag2 ), 6 and 5 in length, respectively. Three pairs of para-anal setae pa ( 1–pa3 ), 12, 12, 7 in length, respectively; lyrifissures ( ih ) invisible. Gnathosoma ( Figures 10A–C ) — Resembling the female. Palp ( Figure 10A ) 105 long; trochanter without setae; basifemur with two simple setae (one ventral and one dorsal); telofemur with one distally branched (4 tines) seta; genu with four simple setae (two ventral and two dorsal); tibiotarsus with one smooth sigmoid seta, one rod-like solenidion and five smooth simple setae. Chelicera ( Figure 10B ) 107 long; cheliceral seta short, 3 in length. Subcapitulum ( Figures 10C ) 110 long, 60 wide; hg1–hg6 40, 15, 10, 15, 9 and 8 in length, respectively. Distances of hg setae: hg1-hg1 7, hg2-hg2 9, hg3-hg3 11, hg4-hg4 47, hg5-hg5 Figure 9 Parabonzia xinningensis Chen & Jin sp. nov. , male: A – dorsal idiosoma; B – ventral idiosoma. Scale represents 100 μm. 13, hg6-hg6 34, hg1-hg2 9, hg2-hg3 21, hg3-hg4 15, hg4-hg5 14, hg5-hg6 8. Legs ( Figure 11A–D ) — Resembling those of female; lengths of leg I–IV: 113, 98, 105, 118. Lengths of tarsus I–IV: 40, 33, 35, 38. T 57 in length. Legs I–IV chaetotaxy: coxae I–IV 6-6-7-6 sts ; trochanters I–IV 1-1-2-1 sts ; basifemora I–IV 4-7-3-2 sts ; telofemora I–IV 5-5-4-3 sts. Genu I 4 asl , 5 sts ; genu II 2 asl , 5 sts ; genu III 1 asl , 6 sts ; genu IV 2 asl , 6 sts. Tibia I 1 asl , 1 bsl , 6 sts ; tibia II 6 sts ; tibia III 1 bsl , 6 sts ; tibia IV 1 plumed T , 6 sts. Tarsus I 2 asl , 3 bsl , 1 fam , 1 dtsl , 1 tsl , 17 sts ; tarsus II 1 bsl , 1 dtsl , 1 tsl , 16 sts ; tarsus III 1 dtsl , 14 sts ; tarsus IV 1 dtsl , 13 sts . Tritonymph (n = 1; Figures 12–14 ) Idiosoma 198 long, 130 wide. Dorsum ( Figure 12A ) — Resembling the female; propodosomal shield 56 long, 69 wide; median shield 55 long, 74 wide; setal lengths and distances: at 79, pt 64, lps 27, mps 17, c1 17, c2 16, d1 18, e1 20 , f1 22, f2 14, h1 22, h2 15; at-at 21, pt-pt 30, lps-lps 44, mps-mps 14, lps-mps 34, at-lps 18, pt-mps 8, pt-lps 29, at-mps 41, at-pt 42, c1-c1 22, c2-c2 67, d1-d1 32, e1- e1 28, f1-f1 14, f2-f2 25, h1-h1 11, h2-h2 30, c1-c2 22, c1-d1 21, c2-d1 25, d1- e1 20, e1-f1 32, e1-f2 36, f1-h1 25, f1-h2 36, f2-h1 23, f2-h2 32, f1-f2 7, h1-h2 13. Venter ( Figure 12B ) — Setal formula of coxal plates I–IV: 5-5-6-5 sts ; propodogastral setae ( ppgs ) and hysterogastral setae hgs ( 1 ) equal 7 in length. Genital plates long 30, wide 14; five pairs of genital setae ( g1–g5 ), 6–7 in length; one pairs of aggenital setae ag ( 1 ), 6 in length. Three pairs of para-anal setae ( pa1–pa3 ), 15, 15, 7 in length, respectively. Gnathosoma ( Figures 13A–C ) — Resembling the female. Palp ( Figure 13A ) 102 long; trochanter without setae; basifemur with two simple setae (one ventral and one dorsal); telofemur with one distally branched (4 tines) seta; genu with four simple setae (two ventral and two dorsal); tibiotarsus with one smooth sigmoid seta, one rod-like solenidion and five smooth simple setae. Chelicera ( Figure 13B ) 100 long; cheliceral seta short, 2 in length. Subcapitulum ( Figures 13C ) 98 long, 60 wide; hg1–hg6 34, 14, 9, 13, 8 and 8 in length, respectively. Distances of hg setae: hg1-hg1 7, hg2-hg2 10, hg3-hg3 12, hg4-hg4 44, hg5-hg5 15, hg6-hg6 38, hg1-hg2 9, hg2-hg3 22, hg3-hg4 15, hg4-hg5 14, hg5-hg6 11. Figure 10 Parabonzia xinningensis Chen & Jin sp. nov. , male: A – palp; B – chelicerae; C – subcapitulum. Scale represents 100 μm. Figure 11 Parabonzia xinningensis Chen & Jin sp. nov. , male: A–D – leg I–IV respectively. Scale represents 100 μm. Figure 12 Parabonzia xinningensis Chen & Jin sp. nov. , tritonymph: A – dorsal idiosoma; B – ventral idiosoma. Scale represents 100 μm. Legs ( Figure 14A–D ) — Resembling the female; lengths of leg I–IV: 110, 98, 105, 108. Lengths of tarsus I–IV: 38, 33, 35, 34. T 54 in length. Legs I–IV chaetotaxy: coxae I–IV 5-5-6-5 sts ; trochanters I–IV 1-1-2-1 sts ; basifemora I–IV 4-5-2-0 sts ; telofemora I–IV 5-5-4-3 sts. Genu I 4 asl , 5 sts ; genu II 2 asl , 5 sts ; genu III 1 asl , 6 sts ; genu IV 2 asl , 5 sts. Tibia I 1 asl , 1 bsl , 6 sts ; tibia II 6 sts ; tibia III 1 bsl , 6 sts ; tibia IV 1 plumose T , 4 sts. Tarsus I 1 asl , 3 bsl , 1 fam , 1 dtsl , 1 tsl , 14 sts ; tarsus II 1 bsl , 1 dtsl , 1 tsl , 13 sts ; tarsus III 1 dtsl , 14 sts ; tarsus IV 1 dtsl , 11 sts . Deutonymph (n = 1; Figures 15–18 ) Idiosoma 190 long, 135 wide. Dorsum ( Figure 15A ) — Resembling the female; propodosomal shield 72 long, 93 wide; median shield 59 long, 90 wide; setal lengths and distances: at 75, pt 67, lps 24, mps 17, c1 14, c2 13, d1 14, e1 17 , f1 21, f2 14, h1 25, h2 17; at-at 24, pt-pt 40, lps-lps 50, mps-mps 15, lps-mps 37, at-lps 22, pt-mps 9, pt-lps 31, at-mps 50, at-pt 48, c1-c1 29, c2-c2 80, d1-d1 37, e1- e1 28, f1-f1 13, f2-f2 29, h1-h1 12, h2-h2 35, c1-c2 26, c1-d1 23, c2-d1 32, d1- e1 22, e1-f1 26, e1-f2 27, f1-h1 25, f1-h2 38, f2-h1 23, f2-h2 33, f1-f2 8, h1-h2 16. Figure 13 Parabonzia xinningensis Chen & Jin sp. nov. , tritonymph: A – palp; B – chelicerae; C – subcapitulum. Scale represents 100 μm. Figure 14 Parabonzia xinningensis Chen & Jin sp. nov. , tritonymph: A–D – leg I–IV respectively. Scale represents 100 μm. Figure 15 Parabonzia xinningensis Chen & Jin sp. nov. , deutonymph: A – dorsal idiosoma; B – ventral idiosoma. Scale represents 100 μm. Venter ( Figure 15B ) — Setal formula of coxal plates I–IV: 4-3-4-2 sts ; propodogastral setae ( ppgs ) and hysterogastral setae hgs ( 1 ) equal 6 in length. Genital plates long 20, wide 10; three pairs of genital setae ( g1–g3 ), each 6 in length; one pairs of aggenital setae ag ( 1 ), 6 in length. Three pairs of para-anal setae pa ( 1–pa3 ), 15, 12, 6 in length, respectively. Gnathosoma ( Figures 16A–C , 17A–B ) — Palp ( Figures 16A , 17B ) 91 long; basifemur with only one seta, telofemur with one distally branched (3 tines) seta; genu with four simple setae (two ventral and two dorsal); tibiotarsus with one smooth sigmoid seta, one rod-like solenidion and five smooth simple setae. Chelicera ( Figure 16B ) 93 long; cheliceral seta 3 in length. Subcapitulum ( Figures 16C , 17A ) 90 long, 64 wide, four pairs of hypognathal setae ( hg ), hg1–hg4 , 21, 11, 9, 11 in length, respectively. Distances of hg setae: hg1-hg1 8, hg2-hg2 9, hg3-hg3 15, hg4-hg4 43, hg1-hg2 11, hg2-hg3 22, hg3-hg4 15. Legs ( Figure 18A–D ) — Resembling the female; all legs with basifemora and telofemora fused, lengths of leg I–IV: 118, 100, 110, 120. Lengths of tarsus I–IV: 37, 30, 39, 39. T 48 in length. Legs I–IV chaetotaxy: coxae I–IV 4-3-4-2 sts ; trochanters I–IV 1-1-2-1 sts ; basifemora I–IV 2-2-1-0 sts ; telofemora I–IV 5-5-4-3 sts. Genu I 3 asl , 5 sts ; genu II 2 asl , 5 sts ; genu III 1 asl , 5 sts ; genu IV 1 asl , 5 sts. Tibia I 1 asl , 1 bsl , 5 sts ; tibia II 5 sts ; tibia III 1 bsl , 5 sts ; tibia IV 1 plumose T , 4 sts. Tarsus I 1 asl , 3 bsl , 1 fam , 1 dtsl , 1 tsl , 13 sts ; tarsus II 1 bsl , 1 dtsl , 15 sts ; tarsus III 14 sts ; tarsus IV 12 sts . Protonymph (n = 1; Figures 19–21 ) Idiosoma 152 long, 113 wide. Dorsum ( Figure 19A ) — Resembling the female; propodosomal shield 60 long, 73 wide; median shield 48 long, 80 wide; setal lengths and distances: at 68, pt 57, lps 20, mps 15, c1 Figure 16 Parabonzia xinningensis Chen & Jin sp. nov. , deutonymph: A – palp; B – chelicerae; C – subcapitulum. Scale represents 100 μm. Figure 17 Parabonzia xinningensis Chen & Jin sp. nov. , deutonymph: A – subcapitulum; B – palp telofemur branched (3 tines) seta. Scale represents 50 μm. Figure 18 Parabonzia xinningensis Chen & Jin sp. nov. , deutonymph: A–D – leg I–IV respectively. Scale represents 100 μm. 12, c2 10, d1 13, e1 15 , f1 22, f2 12, h1 24, h2 14; at-at 22, pt-pt 35, lps-lps 46, mps-mps 16, lps-mps 32, at-lps 19, pt-mps 9, pt-lps 28, at-mps 43, at-pt 43, c1-c1 24, c2-c2 73, d1-d1 31, e1- e1 25, f1-f1 13, f2-f2 24, h1-h1 9, h2-h2 24, c1-c2 23, c1-d1 20, c2-d1 29, d1- e1 22, e1-f1 28, e1-f2 31, f1-h1 24, f1-h2 30, f2-h1 22, f2-h2 25, f1-f2 8, h1-h2 9. Venter ( Figure 19B ) — Setal formula of coxal plates I–IV: 3-3-3-1 sts ; propodogastral setae ( ppgs ) and hysterogastral setae hgs ( 1 ) equal, 6 in length; one pair of genital papillae. Genital plates long 15, wide 8; one pair of genital setae g ( 1 ); 5 in length; aggenital setae ag () absent. Three pairs of para-anal setae ( pa1–pa3 ), 11, 11 and 6 in length, respectively. Gnathosoma ( Figure 20A–C ) — Palp ( Figure 20A ) 74 long; trochanter without setae; basifemur with only one simple seta; telofemur with one distally branched (3 tines) seta; genu with four simple setae (two ventral and two dorsal); tibiotarsus with one smooth sigmoid seta, one rod-like solenidion and five smooth simple setae. Chelicera ( Figure 20B ) 77 long; cheliceral seta short, 2 in length. Subcapitulum ( Figure 20C ) 79 long, 49 wide; four pairs of hypognathal setae hg (), hg1–hg4 , 20, 8, 5 and 7 in length, respectively. Distances of hg setae: hg1-hg1 7, hg2-hg2 10, hg3-hg3 13, hg4-hg4 32, hg1-hg2 11, hg2-hg3 21, hg3-hg4 13. Legs ( Figure 21A–D ) — Resembling the female; all legs with basifemora and telofemora fused; lengths of leg I–IV: 99, 91, 100, 90. Lengths of tarsus I–IV: 33, 30, 28, 28. T absent on tibia IV. Legs I–IV chaetotaxy: coxae I–IV 3-3-3-1 sts ; trochanters I–IV 1-1-2-0 sts ; basifemora I–IV 2-2-1-0 sts ; telofemora I–IV 5-5-4-0 sts . Genu I 3 asl , 5 sts ; genu II 1 asl , 5 sts ; genu III 1 asl , 5 sts ; genu IV 1 asl , 0 sts . Tibia I 1 asl , 1 bsl , 5 sts ; tibia II 5 sts ; tibia III 1 bsl , 5 sts ; tibia IV 0 sts . Tarsus I 2 bsl , 1 fam , 1 dtsl , 1 tsl , 14 sts ; tarsus II 1 bsl , 1 dtsl , 15 sts ; tarsus III 14 sts ; tarsus IV 7 sts . Figure 19 Parabonzia xinningensis Chen & Jin sp. nov. , protonymph: A – dorsal idiosoma; B – ventral idiosoma. Scale represents 100 μm. Larvae — Unknown. Etymology — The new species name is derived from its collection place Xinning County, Hunan Province , P. R. China . Remarks — In order to clearly understand the morphological differences among the life stages, chaetotaxy of palp, legs, coxae and genital papillae of protonymph, deutonymph, tritonymph, male and female are presented in Table 1 . Additional setae on legs, genital plates and subcapitulum were observed in some female paratypes : there is one additional seta close to 1b present on the right coxa I in one female specimen ( Figure 4A ); one additional genital seta is present on the right side in another female specimen ( Figure 4B ); one additional seta posterior to hg5 is present on the right side of the subcapitulum in one female specimen, while in another female, hg6 is absent on the left side of the subcapitulum ( Figures 6C–D ). The new species is close to P . trioxys (known only from adult female) but differs from it by following characteristics: (1) palp telofemur with one branched (four tines) seta vs (. this seta with three tines in P . trioxys ); (2) setal formula of coxal plates I–IV: 6-6-7-7 sts ( vs. 7-5-6-7 sts in P . trioxys ); (3) eight pairs of genital setae vs (. seven in P . trioxys ) ( Lin & Zhang, 1998 ). The new species also resembles P . mindanensis (known only from adult female) but differs from it by following characteristics: (1) palp telofemur with one branched (four tines) seta ( vs. unbranched in P . mindanensis ); (2) genua III and IV with one and two asl respectively ( vs. genua III and IV without asl in P . mindanensis ); (3) tibia III with 1 bsl ( vs. 0 bsl on this segment in P . mindanensis ) ( Corpuz-Raros, 1996 ). Figure 20 Parabonzia xinningensis Chen & Jin sp. nov. , protonymph: A – subcapitulum; B – palp telofemur branched (3 tines) seta. Scale represents 50 μm. Figure 21 Parabonzia xinningensis Chen & Jin sp. nov. , protonymph: A–D – leg I–IV respectively. Scale represents 100 μm. Table 1 Parabonzia xinningensis Chen & Jin sp. nov. , morphological differences among the life stages protonymph, deutonymph, tritonymph, male and female.

Characters	Protonymph	Deutonymph	Tritonymph	Male	Female
palp basifemur	1	1	2	2	2
hg	4	4	6	6	6
pa	3	3	3	3	4
ps	0	0	0	0	1
g	1	3	5	6	8
eu	0	0	0	0	1
hgs	1	1	1	2	2
ag	0	1	1	2	5
genital papillae	1	2	2	2	2
coxae I – IV	3-3-3-1	4-3-4-2	5-5-6-5	6-6-7-6	6-6-7-7
trochanters I – IV	1-1-2-0	1-1-2-1	1-1-2-1	1-1-2-1	1-1-2-1
basifemora I – IV	2-2-1-0	2-2-1-0	4-5-2-0	4-7-3-2	4-7-3-2
telofemora I – IV	5-5-4-0	5-5-4-3	5-5-4-3	5-5-4-3	5-5-4-3
genu I	­3 asl , 5	3 asl , 5	4 asl , 5	4 asl , 5	4 asl , 5
genu II	1 asl , 5	2 asl , 5	2 asl , 5	2 asl , 5	2 asl , 5
genu III	1 asl , 5	1 asl , 5	1 asl , 6	1 asl , 6	1 asl , 6
genu IV	1 asl , 0	1 asl , 5	2 asl , 5	2 asl , 6	2 asl , 6
tibia I	1 asl , 1 bsl , 5	1 asl , 1 bsl , 5	1 asl , 1 bsl , 6	1 asl , 1 bsl , 6	1 asl , 1 bsl , 6
tibia II	5	5	6	6	6
tibia III	1 bsl , 5	1 bsl , 5	1 bsl , 6	1 bsl , 6	1 bsl , 6
tibia IV	0	1 T , 4	1 T , 4	1 T , 6	1 T , 6
tarsus I	2 bsl , 1 fam , 1 dtsl , 1	1 asl , 3 bsl , 1 fam , 1	1 asl , 3 bsl , 1 fam , 1	2 asl , 3 bsl , 1 fam , 1	2 asl , 3 bsl , 1 fam , 1
tsl , 14	dtsl , 1 tsl , 13	dtsl , 1 tsl , 14	dtsl , 1 tsl , 17	dtsl , 2 tsl , 18
tarsus II	1 bsl , 1 dtsl , 15	1 bsl , 1 dtsl , 15	1 bsl , 1 dtsl , 1 tsl , 13	1 bsl , 1 dtsl , 1 tsl , 16	1 bsl , 1 dtsl , 1 tsl , 18
tarsus III	14	14	1 dtsl , 14	1 dtsl , 14	1 dtsl , 14
tarsus IV	7	12	1 dtsl , 11	1 dtsl , 13	1 dtsl , 12

Note: the number corresponding to hg , pa , ps , g , eu , hgs and ag indicates the number of pairs of setae; the number corresponding to genital papillae indicates the number of pairs of genital papillae. Type series — Holotype , female was collected from rotten wood, Shunhuangshan National Nature Reserve ( N26°14′2.76″ , E111°20′2.76″ , elevation 992 m ), Xinning County , Hunan Province , China , on 27 August , 2017, by Mao-Yuan Yao and Yan Shen , slide No.: HN-CU- 201708272601 . Paratypes , 20 females , the same data as the holotype, slides No.: HN-CU- 201708272601–HN-CU-201708272621 ; one male , one tritonymph, one deutonymph and one protonymph, the same data as the holotype, slides No.: HN-CU-201708272622–HN-CU- 201708272625, respectively. All the slides are deposited in Institute of Entomology , Guizhou University , Guiyang, P. R . China ( GUGC ) .