A Revision of the Endemic Californian Spider Genus Titiotus Simon (Araneae, Tengellidae) Author Platnick, Norman I. Author Ubick, Darrell text American Museum Novitates 2008 2008-04-09 3608 1 1 36 http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2008)3608%5B1%3AAROTEC%5D2.0.CO%3B2 journal article 10.1206/0003-0082(2008)3608[1:AROTEC]2.0.CO;2 0003-0082 5389369 Titiotus shasta , new species Figures 17–21 ; map 1 TYPE : Male holotype from McArthur , Shasta Co. , California ( June 18, 1942 ; W. Pearce ), deposited in AMNH . ETYMOLOGY: The specific name is a noun in apposition to the genus name taken from the type locality. DIAGNOSIS: Males resemble those of T. californicus and T. hansii but have a much smaller ventral branch on the middle prong of the tibial apophysis (fig. 19); females resemble those of T. californicus but have a posteriorly narrowed epigynal septum (fig. 20). MALE: Total length 10. Coloration as in T. californicus . Leg spination: femora: I, II r1-2- 1; III, IV p1-2-1; tibiae: I, II d1-0-1, v4-4-4, r1- 1-0; III r0-1-1; metatarsi: I, II p1-1-0, r1-1-0; III p1-2-2; IV r1-1-2. Embolus expanded prolaterally, beak-shaped distally; median apophysis with elongate tip, with only tiny subdistal projection; middle prong of tibial apophysis bifid, with ventral branch much smaller than dorsal branch (figs. 17–19). FEMALE: Total length 12. Coloration as in T. californicus . Leg spination: femora: I, II r1- 2-1; III r2-1-1; IV p2-0-1; tibiae: I v4-4-4, r0-1- 0; II d1-0-1, v4-4-4, r1-1-0; III r0-1-1; metatarsi: I p0-1-0, r0-1-0; II p1-1-0, r0-1-0; III p1- 2-2. Epigynal septum wide, occupying most of epigynal width, except posteriorly, where narrowed; posterior ducts elbowed (figs. 20, 21). OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: United States : CALIFORNIA : Colusa Co. : Deafy ( Dixie ) Glade Campground on Forest Road , 13 mi W Stonyford , Mendocino National Forest , 39 ° 21 9 N , 122 ° 42 9 W , no date, elev. 1000 m ( J. Schweikert , CAS ) , 13. Glenn Co. : Forest Road , 5.5 mi S County Road 308, 9 mi SW Elk Creek , Mendocino National Forest , 39 ° 30 9 N , 122 ° 39 9 W , Mar. 30, 1997 , elev. 1100 m ( J. Schweikert , CAS ) , 13. Lake Co. : Lucerne , Aug. 17, 1958 , molasses bait trap ( H. Leech , CAS ), 1♀ . Mendocino Co. : 7.5 km NE Covelo , 28201 Mendocino Pass Road , 39 ° 50 9 N , 123 ° 10.7 9 W, Sept. 2, 1996 , elev. 1680 ft ( C. Prince , CAS ), 1♀ . Shasta Co. : Lake Shasta , June 14, 2006 ( C. Abreu , UCR ) , 13; Palo Cedro , June 17, 2006 (D. McConnel , UCR ) , 23; Redding , Aug. 26, 2004 (A. Tennett , UCR ), 1♀ , June 2, 2006 , in bathtub (A. Olivas , UCR ), 1♀ , June 4, 2006 (H. Ray , UCR ) , 13, June 16, 2006 (G. Snook , UCR ) , 13, same date (W. Mapes , UCR ), 1♀ , June 28, 2006 ( T . Ressler , UCR ), 1♀ , June 29, 2006 (M. Wooden , UCR ), 1♀ . Trinity Co. : Hayfork Ranger Station , May 19, 1973 (M. Bentzien , UCB ) , 13. Figs. 17–21. Titiotus shasta , new species . 17. Left male palp, prolateral view. 18. Same, ventral view. 19. Same, retrolateral view. 20. Epigynum, ventral view. 21. Same, dorsal view. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from northwestern California (map 1). Titiotus flavescens (Chamberlin and Ivie) Figures 22–26 ; map 2 Liocranoides flavescens Chamberlin and Ivie, 1941: 24 , fig. 18 (female holotype from Ben Lomond , Santa Cruz Co. , in AMNH, examined). Titiotus flavescens: Lehtinen, 1967: 271 . Figs. 22–26. Titiotus flavescens (Chamberlin and Ivie) . 22. Left male palp, prolateral view. 23. Same, ventral view. 24. Same, retrolateral view. 25. Epigynum, ventral view. 26. Same, dorsal view. DIAGNOSIS: Males resemble those of T. shantzi in having the middle prong of the tibial apophysis relatively narrow and the dorsal prong relatively short, but differ in having the middle prong more deeply incised (fig. 24); females have a distinctive epigynal septum, which is greatly narrowed posteriorly (fig. 25). Map 2. Central California , showing distributions of eight species of Titiotus . MALE: Total length 11. Coloration as in T. californicus . Leg spination: femora: I, II r1-2- 1; IV p0-2-1, r0-1-1; tibiae: I, II d1-0-1, v4-4-4, r1-1-0; III r0-1-1; metatarsi: I p1-0-0, r0-1-0; II p1-1-0, r1-1-0; III p1-2-2. Embolus with subapical, distally directed projection; median apophysis with subdistal projection; middle prong of tibial apophysis small, bifid, dorsal branch distally invaginated, dorsal prong relatively short (figs. 22–24). FEMALE: Total length 14. Coloration as in T. californicus , except proximal leg segments with dorsal dusky markings. Leg spination: femora: I, II r1-2-1; III, IV p1-2-1; tibiae: I p1- 0-0, v4-4-4, r1-0-0; II v4-4-4, r0-2-0; III, IV p1- 0-1, r1-0-1; metatarsi: III p1-2-2. Posterior quarter of epigynal septum greatly narrowed, forming stalk; posterior ducts oblique (figs. 25, 26). MATERIAL EXAMINED : United States : CALI- FORNIA: Santa Clara Co. : 27950 N Carnegie Ave. , Santa Clara , June 8, 1993 ( T . Carb , AMNH ), 13; San Jose , Oct. 21, 1974 , in house ( D. Ubick , CDU ) , 13. Santa Cruz Co. : Aptos , July 10, 1946 (E. Ross , AMNH ) , 1♀ ; Bat Cave , Santa Cruz , Apr. 21, 1979 (D. Rudolph , Cowan , Van Ingen , AMNH ) , 23; Ben Lomond , May 1934 (L. Saylor , AMNH ) , 1♀ ( holotype ), June 25, 1952 (W. Gertsch , AMNH , JCC ) , 13, 21♀ , July 4, 1958 (W. Gertsch , V . Roth , AMNH ), 12♀ , Apr. 3, 1960 (W. Gertsch , W. Ivie , R . Schrammel , AMNH ), 93, 11♀ , Sept. 23, 1961 ( W. Gertsch , W. Ivie , AMNH ) , 53, 9♀ ; Boulder Creek , Aug. 1, 2004 , in house ( T . Nygard , UCR ), 1♀ , Oct. 7, 2004 , in house (J. Sanchez , UCR ) , 13; 1 mi NE Boulder Creek , June 29, 1989 , dry redwood forest, elev. ca 800 ft (A. Sundman , CDU ) , 1♀ ; Cave Gulch , Nov. 16, 1979 , redwood forest (D. Ubick , CDU ) , 1♀ ; Cave Gulch , cave near Univ. of California , Santa Cruz , Nov. 4, 1972 ( T . Stearns, CAS ), 1♀ ; Cave Gulch , IXL Cave, Dec. 6, 1980 , on cave wall ( T . Briggs, CAS ), 13; Felton, Aug. 16, 1959 ( W. Gertsch , V . Roth, AMNH ), 2♀ , Apr. 3, 1960 ( W. Gertsch , W. Ivie , R . Schrammel, AMNH ), 1♀ , June 1994 ( S. Tjosvold , CAS ) , 1♀ , Sept. 2001 ( R . Knight , UCR ), 13, Oct. 3, 2004 , in shoe in bedroom (M. Mister , UCR ) , 13; N Soquel , Oct. 6, 2004 (A. Fournier , UCR ) , 13. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from Santa Clara and Santa Cruz counties south of the San Francisco Bay (map 2).