The dorsal chaetotaxy of first instar Trogolaphysa jataca, with description of twelve new species of Neotropical Trogolaphysa (Hexapoda: Collembola: Paronellidae) Author Soto-Adames, Felipe N. text Zootaxa 2015 4032 1 1 41 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.4032.1.1 aeef3f9e-8a5d-4bb0-b0d9-908830c0f6a5 1175-5326 289744 CB9720EB-7BB7-4199-A835-A3266B0DDA6B Trogolaphysa paracarpenteri sp. nov. Figs. 4 E, 16A–H Table 4 Etymology. The epithet refers to the similarity with T. carpenteri . Material examined. Holotype male in preparation, MEXICO , Chiapas, Ocosingo Valley, Finca El Real, floodplain debris, 1–7.vii.1950 , C. & M. Goodnight and J. Stannard, coll., INHS 579,830; 2 paratypes in preparation and 20, mostly small juveniles, in alcohol. Description. Size up to 1.9 mm . Color pattern . Uniformly blue, sometimes with lighter stripes ( Fig. 4 E). Head. Antennae up to 2.9x as long as head diagonal. Ant. 4 subapical sense organ weakly capitate, almost reaching upper margin of pit; guard sensillum not seen. Main sensilla in Ant. 3 sense organ globose ( Fig. 16 C). Eyes 8+8, eyes G and H greatly reduced; eye well with 4–5 ciliate chaetae ( Fig. 16 A). Head dorsally ( Fig. 16 A) with 2 anterior (A0, A2) and 2 posterior (Pa5, Pm3) macrochaetae. Pre-labral chaetae ciliate. Distal margin of labrum with 1+1 spines with partially fused base ( Fig. 16 B). Labial triangle as M1M2rEL1L2A1–5: chaeta r short, thick and smooth; all other posterior chaetae long and ciliate. Post-labial field with 5–6 chaetae between columns I and O . Body. Macrochaeta formula as 60/0243+0+6. Mesothorax with 1 anterior (a5) and 5 posterior (p3 complex) macrochaetae ( Fig. 16 E). Metathorax without macrochaetae. Abd. 1 chaeta a6 obscured, apparently absent. Abd. 4 ( Figs. 16 G–H) with pseudopore in field posterior to bothriotrix T4; with inner macrochaetae A3, A5 and B5; macrochaeta A5 closer to pseudopore than to macrochaeta B5; laterally with 6 macrochaetae; posterior chaetae present but actual number unclear. Legs. Trochanteral organ with at least 15 chaetae. Metathoracic claw complex as in Fig 16 F; tenent hair spatulate, 0.92x as long as unguiculus; unguis with 3 inner teeth; basal paired teeth drawn out, needle-shape, one basal tooth longer than other; unpaired tooth as long or shorter than shortest basal tooth; inner teeth spread as 38%, 42%, 64%; dorsal tooth small, barely projecting; lateral teeth inconspicuous. Unguiculus lanceolate, smooth or very weakly serrate. Furcula. Dens with 2 rows of ciliate spines: inner row with 21 spines; outer row with 17 spines. Mucro with 4 teeth, basal teeth sequential ( Fig. 16 D); mucro 2.1x as long as distal end of dens and 0.96x as long as inner edge of hind legs. Remarks. Trogolaphysa paracarpenteri sp. nov. is the only New World member of the genus with 6–8 eyes, inner labral papilla fused into a short pedicel and mesothorax p3 complex with 5 macrochaetae. This species differs from T. carpenteri in the original sense of Denis (1925) in color pattern (Denis species is yellowish brown whereas T. paracarpenteri sp. nov. is blue), however there are so many gaps in the 1925 description of T. carpenteri that additional meaningful comparisons are impossible. The new species is also similar to specimens identified by Yoshii (1988) as T. carpenteri . The two forms share the color pattern and anterior head macrochaetae (the only aspect of the dorsal chaetotaxy described by Yoshii), but differ in the ornamentation of pre-labral chaetae (smooth in T. carpenteri , ciliate in T. paracarpenteri sp. nov. ), shape of distal labral spines (separated in T. carpenteri , basally fused in T. paracarpenteri sp. nov. ), shape of ungual teeth (subequal in carpenteri , one larger in paracarpenteri sp. nov. ) and shape of unguiculus (narrow lanceolate in T. carpenteri , wide lanceolate in T. paracarpenteri sp. nov. ). The new species is also similar to T. subterranea ( Mari Mutt, 1987 ) , but this species lacks distal labral spines (present in T. paracarpenteri sp. nov. ), and the paired ungual teeth are keel-shaped (needleshaped in T. paracarpenteri sp. nov. ). TABLE 4. Diagnostic table of Neotropical species of Trogolaphysa with 6–8 eyes and two (A0, A2) dorsal anterior head macrochaetae. Mc= macrochaeta.

Characters Species T. subterranea (Mari Mutt, 1987)	Prelabral Chaetae ciliate	Labral Spines absent	Thorax 2 Mc p3 group 6	Thorax 3 Mc 0	Abdomen 4 Inner Shape Position Inner Ungual Ungual Basal Mc Teeth Teeth Ungual Teeth 3 3 keel basal A3,A5,B5 half	Position Unpaired Ungual Tooth middle quarter	Mucro Teeth 4 sequential
T. octosetosa sp. nov.	weakly ciliate	separated	5	3	3 4 keel middle A3,A5,B5 quarter	middle quarter distal half	4 sequential
T. palaciosi sp. nov.	smooth	absent	3	1-2	4 2-3 keel basal A3,A5,B4,B5 quarter	absent or middle quarter	4 sequential
T. dimorphica sp. nov. form 2	ciliate	separated unusually short	5	3	4 3 keel middle A3,A5,B4,B5 quarter	distal half	4 sequential
T. paracarpenteri sp. nov.	ciliate	base fused wide	5	0	3 3 needle middle A3,A5,B5 quarter	distal half	4 sequential
T. carpenteri (Denis, 1925) sensu Yoshii (1988)	smooth	separated	?	?	? 3 keel middle quarter	distal half	4 sequential
T. relicta (Palacios-Vargas, Ojeda & Christiansen, 1985)	ciliate	base fused wide	5	0	2 3 keel middle A3,B5 quarter	distal half	4 sequential
T. cotopaxiana Thibaud & Najt, 1988	ciliate	absent?	3	0	3 4 keel basal A3, A5, B5 half	distal half	5 middle teeth paired

FIGURE 16. Trogolaphysa paracapenteri sp. nov. A, Dorsal chaetotaxy of head; B, Distal labral spines; C, Sensillum of third antennal segment sense organ; D, Mucro; E, Mesothoracic chaetotaxy; F, Hind claw complex; G, Abdomen 4 macrochaetae; H, Abdomen 4 outer macrochaetae in a different individual. Trogolaphysa paracarpenteri sp. nov. has the same color pattern as T. octosetosa sp. nov. , the differences between these two species, and all other species with 6–8 eyes and 2 anterior head macrochaetae are detailed in Table 4 and discussed in the remarks to T. octosetosa sp. nov. below.