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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1858994c-378e-4e6e-bec9-ee565e3b3be1" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-88-1" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-88-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 88" ModsDocTitle="Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)" checkinTime="1451250740194" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bouchard, Patrice, Bousquet, Yves, Davies, Anthony E., Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A., Lawrence, John F., Lyal, Chris H. C., Newton, Alfred F., Reid, Chris A. M., Schmitt, Michael, Ślipinski, S. Adam &amp; Smith, Andrew B. T." docDate="2011" docId="327F1A5FD728FC14D2E9CBAB6D75BA9C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 88: 1-972" docOrigin="ZooKeys 88" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807" docTitle="Stenochiinae Kirby 1837" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="189" masterDocId="FFC1FFDA4E1CE6158E11FFCD0115FF8E" masterDocTitle="Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)" masterLastPageNumber="972" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="189" updateTime="1661732154594" updateUser="admin">
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<mods:title>Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Bouchard, Patrice</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Bousquet, Yves</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Davies, Anthony E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Lawrence, John F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Lyal, Chris H. C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Newton, Alfred F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Reid, Chris A. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Schmitt, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Ślipinski, S. Adam</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Smith, Andrew B. T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number>88</mods:number>
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Subfamily
<taxonomicName authority="Kirby, 1837" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1837" lsidName="" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Stenochiinae">Stenochiinae Kirby, 1837</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="188" pageNumber="189" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="188" pageNumber="189">
<taxonomicName genus="Stenochiadae" lsidName="Stenochiadae" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" rank="genus">Stenochiadae</taxonomicName>
Kirby, 1837: 238 [stem: Stenochi-]. Type genus:
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Kirby, 1819.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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<document id="0B7D07311406A607FE205B73A130A6AA" ID-GBIF-Dataset="10f77876-02dd-4231-ad64-e4c0ba45b37d" ModsDocAuthor="Dikow, T." ModsDocDate="2010" ModsDocID="Dikow2010UAE" ModsDocOrigin="http://antbase.org/ants/publications/Dikow2010UAE/Dikow2010UAE.pdf" ModsDocTitle="Order Diptera, family Mydidae" checkinTime="1343928981728" checkinUser="torsten" docAuthor="Dikow, T." docDate="2010" docId="327F5660926C5CD4E362E038AB70CF41" docLanguage="en" docName="dikow_2010a.pdf" docOrigin="Arthropod Fauna of the United Arab Emirates 3, Abu Dhabi: Dar Al Ummah" docSource="http://antbase.org/ants/publications/Dikow2010UAE/Dikow2010UAE.pdf" docTitle="Eremomidas arabicus Bequaert 1961" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="611" masterDocId="807AFF8C354AFFCD07515B20B317FFAA" masterDocTitle="Order Diptera, family Mydidae" masterLastPageNumber="615" masterPageNumber="608" pageNumber="608" updateTime="1693597216647" updateUser="admin">
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<mods:title id="0B421D6E83F804D247D7303D53FFB938">Order Diptera, family Mydidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D24B8E14387D6BAFF71FF76876FB94AC">Harten, A. van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="55007A515E095C5776E8DA4F50F7789E">Arthropod Fauna of the United Arab Emirates 3</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="C247B99991801E9E8F498A9706C99F21" ID-CoL="6GFVN" authority="Bequaert, 1961" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" genus="Eremomidas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="608" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arabicus">
Eremomidas arabicus
<bibRefCitation id="379A22C799EB28AC473BD513E0DE10DF" author="Bequaert, M." box="[106,892,542,592]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin Institut royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique" pagination="1 - 36" part="37" refId="ref4186" refString="Bequaert, M. (1961): Mydaidae palearctiques nouvelles ou peu connues. Bulletin Institut royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 37 (34): 1 - 36." title="Mydaidae palearctiques nouvelles ou peu connues" type="journal article" year="1961">Bequaert, 1961</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B033926F0E3B556A4D14DD9174A9ACC5" box="[811,868,1098,1124]" pageId="0" pageNumber="608" type="mainText">Plate 1</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<caption id="C12631153E78CC0771F6E662C28EC981" box="[106,768,1048,1071]" pageId="1" pageNumber="609" type="caption">
<paragraph id="15D1A226E85E4E7E7D5B594A36DCA9F8" box="[106,768,1048,1071]" pageId="1" pageNumber="609" type="caption">
<pageBreakToken id="7ACCCD82A1C12EFC56298D79E216028D" pageId="1" pageNumber="609" start="start">Plate</pageBreakToken>
1.
<taxonomicName id="302D6B17951CE2CD5935CF75B1906A58" authority="Bequaert" authorityName="Bequaert" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" genus="Eremomidas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arabicus">Eremomidas arabicus Bequaert</taxonomicName>
, female, ad-Dhaid. (Photograph by Jan Batelka)
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="379092E1FD128FCE912252887E1357ED" pageId="1" pageNumber="609" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8E91076D92178A2E68FCDF531160B248" box="[106,892,1118,1239]" pageId="1" pageNumber="609" type="mainText">
Diagnosis:
<taxonomicName id="D6937F862C123215D7F59FC5E3B1161E" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" genus="Eremomidas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arabicus">E. arabicus</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from other
<taxonomicName id="82A795396E33F8323EF289055E7AE106" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" genus="Eremomidas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremomidas</taxonomicName>
species by the overall white or light grey appearance (Plate 1), the sharply depressed vertex, the absence of long setae on thorax and abdomen, the vestigial proboscis, and M 1 + 2 terminating in R 1. To this day, it is the largest species of
<taxonomicName id="6DAE8A16B32671EC00F2AB61C4B42D8D" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Mydidae</taxonomicName>
found in the Arabian Peninsula, with females having a wing length of 17.5 -
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.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="371E1550E2BCD3499349D445551838D4" box="[106,515,1237,1263]" pageId="1" pageNumber="609" type="mainText">Expanded diagnosis based on specimens studied:</paragraph>
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Male. Head distinctly wider than thorax (at postpronotal lobes); interocular distance on vertex
<pageBreakToken id="B4CCBBB0E4C29990DBFC851F0EC2F8B9" pageId="2" pageNumber="610" start="start">smaller</pageBreakToken>
than at ventral eye margin; vertex sharply depressed (nearly 90 ˚ angle on median eye margin); width of parafacial area (between tentorial pit and median eye margin) less than half the width of facial gibbosity (at same level); densely white pruinose, only ocellar triangle, vertex, and postgenae apruinose and dark brown; facial gibbosity distinct, discernible in lateral view, entirely covered with long, white mystacal setae; frons, vertex, and occiput with white setae; proboscis light brown, vestigial, knob-like; maxillary palpi laterally compressed, light brown, slightly longer than proboscis. Antennae brown; scape and pedicel with white setae dorsally and ventrally, scape longer than pedicel; postpedicel in proximal half cylindrical, distal half symmetrically bulbous,&gt; 2.0 times as long as combined length of scape and pedicel; apical
<normalizedToken id="EDEEBCFCC46673D113624223F98ABB62" originalValue="‘seta-like’" pageId="2" pageNumber="610">' seta-like'</normalizedToken>
sensory element situated apically in cavity on postpedicel.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A1B742B9413A7CE1A24BB6CD3B33F658" box="[83,869,351,807]" pageId="2" pageNumber="610" type="mainText">
Thorax. Light brown, predominantly white pruinose, only postpronotal lobes, proepisternum, anterior half of anepimeron, and posterior half of scutellum apruinose; scutum with faint dark grey longitudinal stripes just lateral of median line and laterally with presutural and postsutural spots. Setation. Distinct notopleural, supra-alar, and postalar macrosetae absent; white setae scattered on scutum, but not on faint dark grey spots / stripes, longest laterally dorsal to anepisternum; antepronotum, proepisternum, and postpronotal lobes with long white setae; katatergite and apruinose part of anepimeron with short white setae; scutellum, mesopostnotum, and anatergite asetose. Legs light brown to brown with white setae; pro and mes coxae apruinose, met coxae white pruinose; femora brown, met femora cylindrical as wide as pro and mes femora, met femora without ventral macrosetae; pro and mes tibiae laterally arched, met tibia straight, met tibia without ventral keel; pro and mes tarsomeres of equal length, met proximal tarsomere as long as combined length of 2 nd and 3 rd tarsomeres; pulvilli well-developed, as long as well-developed claws, much wider than base of claws. Wings. Length 11.2 -
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; hyaline throughout, very few microtrichia scattered on wing, all veins light yellow, all marginal wing cells closed; C terminating at junction with R 1; R 4 either terminating in R 2 + 3 or R 1; R 5 terminating in R 1; stump vein (R 3) present at base of R 4; R 4 and R 5 (forming cell r 4) more or less parallel medially; M 1 + 2 terminating in R 1; CuA 1 and CuA 2 split proximally to m-cu (cell m 3 narrow proximally); alula very large, touching scutellum medially; haltere light yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="099CEDCC9B6DCC8F8F372687E4AFA2E3" box="[83,868,806,903]" pageId="2" pageNumber="610" type="mainText">Abdomen. Predominantly brown, T 2 as wide as T 1, T white pruinose, S predominantly apruinose, scattered white setae; T 1 - 7 well-developed and visible; T 2 with anterior apruinose stripe; T 1 - 6 posterior margin yellow; bullae on T 2 light brown and circular; S 1 entirely yellow, S 2 - 7 posterior margin yellow. Terminalia not studied in detail.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EFB23A0A512886481A01E7199ACD4286" box="[83,869,902,1095]" pageId="2" pageNumber="610" type="mainText">
Female. Interocular distance on vertex nearly as wide as width of base of scutellum (nearly 3 times as wide as in male) width of parafacial area (between tentorial pit and median eye margin) more than half the width of facial gibbosity; head setation much shorter, only few mystacal setae; thoracic setation much shorter; pulvilli on all tarsi about half the length of claws, only as wide as base of claws; wing length 17.5 -
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; abdominal pruinosity reduced, only T 1 completely white pruinose, T 2 - 3 (slightly on T 4) only laterally pruinose, T 5 - 8 entirely apruinose; tergites proximally brown in varying extent. Genitalia. Ovipositor with acanthophorite plates each with 7 spurs; internal structures not studied.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="746CD37BF2533CCFB4F95CB92EC4EBD6" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="611" pageId="2" pageNumber="610" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="5F2F0E584526F32E6DD3F90F2D755ED4" box="[83,869,1093,1263]" pageId="2" pageNumber="610" type="mainText">
Remarks: This species was described by
<bibRefCitation id="CB87B7F8E1DE940014D9BA426588B175" author="Bequaert, M." box="[106,892,542,592]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin Institut royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique" pagination="1 - 36" part="37" refId="ref4186" refString="Bequaert, M. (1961): Mydaidae palearctiques nouvelles ou peu connues. Bulletin Institut royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 37 (34): 1 - 36." title="Mydaidae palearctiques nouvelles ou peu connues" type="journal article" year="1961">Bequaert (1961: 33)</bibRefCitation>
from Seivun (=
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, Saiwun,
<geoCoordinate id="5695957546498A9DD766AA2086A2CEBD" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="610" precision="1" value="15.933333">15 ° 56 ' N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="355E7851E534930B8A5D3486224037A7" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="610" precision="1" value="48.783333">48 ° 47 ' E</geoCoordinate>
) in central Yemen and is here recorded for the first time from Oman and the
<collectionCode id="593700863DA8EE92D1DDDCA57E880EE0" collectionName="Canada, Alberta, Edmonton, University of Alberta, E.H. Strickland Entomological Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="610">UAE</collectionCode>
. The
<typeStatus id="77E255297F2390313DAF3AC313018439" pageId="2" pageNumber="610">holotype</typeStatus>
is deposited in the
<collectionCode id="06CD830658A1A5D9B25561F62F316476" collectionName="United Kingdom, London, The Natural History Museum [formerly British Museum (Natural History)]" pageId="2" pageNumber="610">BMNH</collectionCode>
. This species shows sexual dimorphism particularly in the morphology of the head, the reduction of pulvilli in the female, and reduced setation in the female. Males and females of this species have been photographed at Khor Yfrah, Um al-Quwain,
<collectionCode id="A93FD17CAF2500BCEE48A54231EFFD9F" collectionName="Canada, Alberta, Edmonton, University of Alberta, E.H. Strickland Entomological Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="610">UAE</collectionCode>
, and the images have been published in
<bibRefCitation id="900DC795DB05B461309E67B95703ECE1" author="Howarth, B." box="[106,892,758,831]" journalOrPublisher="Tribulus" pagination="24 - 29" part="16" refId="ref4339" refString="Howarth, B. (2006): Diptera of the UAE - collated records from the literature with additions of new records, accompanied by some noteson Mydidae and Stratiomyidae new to the UAE. Tribulus, 16 (2): 24 - 29." title="Diptera of the UAE - collated records from the literature with additions of new records, accompanied by some noteson Mydidae and Stratiomyidae new to the UAE" type="journal article" year="2006">Howarth (2006</bibRefCitation>
: Figs 1 - 2).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F3E857AF0B8A3259BACB6084DAA2614A" box="[83,862,1261,1287][106,893,111,400]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="611" pageId="2" pageNumber="610" type="mainText">
The placement of this species in
<taxonomicName id="F63250F9ABFE66D5659F5C211B2FB152" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" genus="Eremomidas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="610" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremomidas</taxonomicName>
is somewhat questionable based on comparison
<pageBreakToken id="004E592820F2917925BB212498BC0CE9" pageId="3" pageNumber="611" start="start">with</pageBreakToken>
<taxonomicName id="986A2680C6D1B026EB043EE55F8A2AFB" authority="Semenov, 1922" authorityName="Semenov" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" genus="Eremomidas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="611" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bek">Eremomidas bek Semenov, 1922</taxonomicName>
, from Kazakhstan. In particular, the shape of the aedeagus is different in that it is more or less dorso-ventrally flattened and not laterally compressed as in
<taxonomicName id="DA1114ED8E0CB1A8E63FB4C1298D18BF" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" genus="Eremomidas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="611" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremomidas</taxonomicName>
(see illustrations in
<bibRefCitation id="17239099F44F563B567C5733AF45B6F6" author="Richter, V. A. &amp; O. G. Ovtshinnikova" box="[106,892,1022,1095]" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Dipterological Research" pagination="95 - 107" part="7" refId="ref4550" refString="Richter, V. A. &amp; O. G. Ovtshinnikova (1996): On the structure of male and female genitalia in Palaearctic mydids (Diptera, Mydidae). International Journal of Dipterological Research, 7 (2): 95 - 107." title="On the structure of male and female genitalia in Palaearctic mydids (Diptera, Mydidae)" type="journal article" year="1996">Richter &amp; Ovtshinnikova, 1996</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8C763986E9C322594446D8523D4B1451" author="Richter, V." box="[106,892,950,1023]" editor="L. Papp &amp; B. Darvas" pagination="539 - 547" refId="ref4495" refString="Richter, V. (1997): Family Mydidae. Pp. 539 - 547 in: L. Papp &amp; B. Darvas (eds), Contribution to a Manual of Palaearctic Diptera (with special reference to flies of economic importance), Vol. 2 Nematocera and Lower Brachycera." title="Family Mydidae. Pp" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Contribution to a Manual of Palaearctic Diptera (with special reference to flies of economic importance), Vol. 2 Nematocera and Lower Brachycera" year="1997">Richter, 1997</bibRefCitation>
), the wing venation is more similar to
<taxonomicName id="5893DEFDB6B2FAEC21DE623D706686D2" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="611" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Syllegomydinae">Syllegomydinae</taxonomicName>
in that M 1 + 2 terminates in R 1 and not in C as is found in
<taxonomicName id="C7DA91F7EAB37E6DE70810EB9AC61014" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" genus="Eremomidas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="611" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremomidas</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4381619E45545CF46156C22C91EED375" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="611" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Leptomydinae">Leptomydinae</taxonomicName>
, and the proboscis is vestigial as is always found in species of SyllegomydasBecker, 1906 (
<taxonomicName id="EA4D091A3B9945ABF92EA76DCB483B1B" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="611" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Syllegomydinae">Syllegomydinae</taxonomicName>
). The latter two characters are probably the reason why
<bibRefCitation id="53C380B050C068E2863ACC594705A1FF" author="Deeming, J. C." box="[106,892,638,688]" journalOrPublisher="Arthropod fauna of the UAE" pagination="602 - 603" part="1" refId="ref4269" refString="Deeming, J. C. (2007): Order Diptera, family Mydidae. Arthropod fauna of the UAE, 1: 602 - 603." title="Order Diptera, family Mydidae" type="journal article" year="2007">Deeming (2007)</bibRefCitation>
recorded a specimen from Oman (Wahiba Sands,
<collectionCode id="FB86272BB55759E9C3A1E788DECA28AF" collectionName="United Kingdom, Cardiff, National Museum of Wales" pageId="3" pageNumber="611">NMWC</collectionCode>
) as belonging to
<taxonomicName id="74BEE9A7BDCC396BC0E6F8DF544F0842" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" genus="Syllegomydas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="611" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Syllegomydas</taxonomicName>
, which has now been identified as
<taxonomicName id="112B550C5634B0B21535074196B9A6CC" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" genus="Eremomidas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="611" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arabicus">Eremomidas arabicus</taxonomicName>
. The correct generic placement of this species and an undescribed one from Sudan, which is very similar in aedeagal and proboscis morphology and wing venation (unpublished data), needs to be established with a phylogenetic analysis of
<taxonomicName id="A55E5F02ABFAC500BABDDCDA07E3DDC5" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="611" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Mydidae</taxonomicName>
genera that is currently in preparation by the author.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C71F16DC61C99707283E65A08B24EF12" pageId="3" pageNumber="611" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F2925A37D71EC7A92B01E916DB07A89C" box="[106,892,399,448]" pageId="3" pageNumber="611" type="mainText">
Distribution: Yemen, Oman,
<collectionCode id="8018B52F08030F431CE35CE8820585B2" collectionName="Canada, Alberta, Edmonton, University of Alberta, E.H. Strickland Entomological Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="611">UAE</collectionCode>
. This species is therefore distributed in both the Afrotropical and Palaearctic regions.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title>On Araniella and Neoscona (Araneae, Araneidae) of the Caucasus, Middle East and Central Asia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Zamani, Alireza</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Marusik, Yuri M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:role>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="161838084" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:327F5EADE551575CA9D0C2BACC9E9A32" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/327F5EADE551575CA9D0C2BACC9E9A32" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName LSID="327F5EAD-E551-575C-A9D0-C2BACC9E9A32" authority="(Kulczynski, 1905)" baseAuthorityName="Kulczynski" baseAuthorityYear="1905" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araniella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araniella opisthographa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opisthographa">
Araniella opisthographa (
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kulczyński">Kulczynski</normalizedToken>
, 1905)
</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Male palps of Araniella mithra sp. nov. (A, B) and A. opisthographa (C, D). A, C Retrolateral B, D ventral. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374404" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Figs 2C, D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. SEM graphs of the bulbs of Araniella mithra sp. nov. (A, B) and A. opisthographa (C, D). A, C Retrolateral B, D ventro-retrolateral. Blue - median apophysis, green - embolus, red - terminal apophysis, violet - conductor. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374408" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">; 6C, D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Ventral view of epigynes of Araniella villanii sp. nov. (A), A. proxima (B), A. mithra sp. nov. (C) and A. opisthographa (D). Scale bar: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374409" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">; 7D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Posterior view of epigynes of Araniella villanii sp. nov. (A), A. proxima (B), A. mithra sp. nov. (C), A. opisthographa (D) and A. nigromaculata (E). Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374410" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">; 8D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Anterior view of epigynes of Araniella villanii sp. nov. (A), A. proxima (B), A. mithra sp. nov. (C) and A. opisthographa (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374411" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">; 9D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Lateral view of epigynes of Araniella villanii sp. nov. (A), A. proxima (B), A. mithra sp. nov. (C) and A. opisthographa (D). Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374412" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">; 10D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="13" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Kulczynski" baseAuthorityYear="1905" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araniella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araniella opisthographa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opisthographa">Araniella opisthographa</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6409.1982.tb00540.x" author="Blanke, R" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" pagination="287 - 305" refId="B7" refString="Blanke, R, 1982. Untersuchungen zur Taxonomie der Gattung Araniella (Araneae, Araneidae). Zoologica Scripta 11 (4): 287 - 305, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6409.1982.tb00540.x" title="Untersuchungen zur Taxonomie der Gattung Araniella (Araneae, Araneidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6409.1982.tb00540.x" volume="11" year="1982">Blanke 1982</bibRefCitation>
: 289, fig. 3c-d, 5c-d, 6c-d, 8b (♂♀);
<bibRefCitation author="Roberts, MJ" journalOrPublisher="HarperCollins, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" refId="B17" refString="Roberts, MJ, 1995. Collins Field Guide: Spiders of Britain &amp; Northern Europe. HarperCollins, London" title="Collins Field Guide: Spiders of Britain &amp; Northern Europe." year="1995">Roberts 1995</bibRefCitation>
: 328, fig. (♂♀);
<bibRefCitation author="Almquist, S" journalOrPublisher="Insect Systematics &amp; Evolution, Supplement" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" pagination="1 - 284" refId="B1" refString="Almquist, S, 2005. Swedish Araneae, part 1: families Atypidae to Hahniidae (Linyphiidae excluded). Insect Systematics &amp; Evolution, Supplement 62: 1 - 284" title="Swedish Araneae, part 1: families Atypidae to Hahniidae (Linyphiidae excluded)." volume="62" year="2005">Almquist 2005</bibRefCitation>
: 154, fig. 162a-g (♂♀).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus tbilisiensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tbilisiensis">Araneus tbilisiensis</taxonomicName>
Mcheidze, 1997: 280, fig. 642-644 (♂♀).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">syn. nov.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="13" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus tbilisiensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tbilisiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Araneus tbilisiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described based on one male and four females from the environs of Tbilisi, Georgia. There is no indication which specimen/sex was selected as the holotype.
<bibRefCitation author="Mcheidze, TS" journalOrPublisher=")" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" refId="B13" refString="Mcheidze, TS, 1997. Spiders of Georgia: Systematics, Ecology, Zoogeographic Review. Tbilisi University, 390 pp. [in Georgian]" title="Spiders of Georgia: Systematics, Ecology, Zoogeographic Review. Tbilisi University, 390 pp. [in Georgian]" year="1997">Mcheidze (1997)</bibRefCitation>
provided figures of male and female habitus, as well as epigyne, but the male palp was not illustrated. Judging from the figure of epigyne and distribution, it is most likely a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. opisthographa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="opisthographa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. opisthographa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is already known from the surroundings of Tbilisi (
<bibRefCitation author="Otto, S" journalOrPublisher="Arthropoda Selecta, Supplement" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" publicationUrl="https://caucasus-spiders.info/" refId="B15" refString="Otto, S, 2019. Caucasian Spiders. A faunistic database on the spiders of the Caucasus. Version 10.2019. https://caucasus-spiders.info/" title="Caucasian Spiders. A faunistic database on the spiders of the Caucasus. Version 10.2019." url="https://caucasus-spiders.info/" year="2019">Otto 2019</bibRefCitation>
). We tried to obtain the type material for this study, but we have been informed that the single male specimen is most probably lost (V. Pkhakadze, pers. comm.).*
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374408" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Figure 6.</emphasis>
SEM graphs of the bulbs of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zamani &amp; Marusik &amp; Šestáková" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araniella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araniella mithra" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mithra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Araniella mithra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A, B</emphasis>
) and
<taxonomicName family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. opisthographa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="opisthographa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. opisthographa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">C, D</emphasis>
).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A, C</emphasis>
Retrolateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">B, D</emphasis>
ventro-retrolateral. Blue - median apophysis, green - embolus, red - terminal apophysis, violet - conductor. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374409" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Figure 7.</emphasis>
Ventral view of epigynes of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zamani &amp; Marusik &amp; Šestáková" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araniella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araniella villanii" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villanii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Araniella villanii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A</emphasis>
),
<taxonomicName family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. proxima" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="proxima">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. proxima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">B</emphasis>
),
<taxonomicName family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. mithra" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="mithra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. mithra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">C</emphasis>
) and
<taxonomicName family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. opisthographa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="opisthographa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. opisthographa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">D</emphasis>
). Scale bar: 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374410" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Figure 8.</emphasis>
Posterior view of epigynes of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zamani &amp; Marusik &amp; Šestáková" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araniella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araniella villanii" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villanii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Araniella villanii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A</emphasis>
),
<taxonomicName family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. proxima" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="proxima">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. proxima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">B</emphasis>
),
<taxonomicName family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. mithra" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="mithra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. mithra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">C</emphasis>
),
<taxonomicName family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. opisthographa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="opisthographa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. opisthographa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">D</emphasis>
) and
<taxonomicName family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. nigromaculata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="nigromaculata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. nigromaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">E</emphasis>
). Scale bars: 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="B6888FBBD1A70CC680CF7E84A2BF44BE">Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete. Band 1. Pteridophyta bis Caryophyllaceae (2 nd edition): Registerzuband 1</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B0E8A7D61AB136C51A78766DCBF9C69F">Hess, Hans Ernst</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="36C23D98AA037752595677E52FCE66F0" ID-CoL="6HT6P" authority="Pollich" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Festuca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="null" pageNumber="356" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="duriuscula">
<pageBreakToken id="7A9E85830BB02FDC8B50E87823FA418A" pageId="null" pageNumber="356" start="start">Festuca</pageBreakToken>
<normalizedToken id="53FB9D21DD50157FEE071599EB08DECB" originalValue="duriúscula" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">duriuscula</normalizedToken>
Pollich
</taxonomicName>
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="ADE8E15CBE05F9173C630B9FE163CA96" pageId="null" pageNumber="356" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="32309AD113B29D085856E086B8788C6E" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">Harter Schwingel</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</title>
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<paragraph id="7E462B174150C84CC9EE442CC634C5AB" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">
30-70 cm hoch.
<emphasis id="6E6129E2FEA456DC60EB43B9A8ACE7CA" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">
<normalizedToken id="3BE5ECE4B3E82A25DB50E5C35729353D" originalValue="Blätter" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">Blaetter</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
(getrocknet)
<emphasis id="1F3DB1A4EFF3DB65F9BC185DA4FAC99A" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">0,7-1,2 mm dick</emphasis>
,
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bis
<normalizedToken id="EE5913142FC7901108CDE5E9201C74FF" originalValue="blaugrün" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">blaugruen</normalizedToken>
, mit ebenen oder
<normalizedToken id="CEB64991342DE174CD74FD924FA7EC83" originalValue="vorgewölbten" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">vorgewoelbten</normalizedToken>
, seltener
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seitlichen
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, auf der Unterseite (
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) mit einer
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Schicht von Festigungsgewebe (Blattquerschnitt wichtig!) und 7-9 Nerven, oberseits mit 1 Furche; Blattscheiden der sterilen Triebe nur am Grunde geschlossen.
<normalizedToken id="2C96A4E711EE20C1210DE25D259A23A5" originalValue="Blütenstand" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">Bluetenstand</normalizedToken>
3-12 cm lang. Deckspelzen (ohne Granne) 4-6 mm lang; Granne weniger als
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so lang wie die
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Deckspelze. -
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:
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Sommer.
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<emphasis id="96B8F8864D91BDC14CB3C307E99FDE07" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">Zytologische Angaben. 2n = 28:</emphasis>
Material aus Frankreich (Bidault 1963).
<emphasis id="B2C0936F0821F2E30DEB59368C923F75" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">2n = 42:</emphasis>
Material aus botanischen
<normalizedToken id="F677EA2B622FBBED723B270DB941BD40" originalValue="Gärten" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">Gaerten</normalizedToken>
(Levitsky und K usmina 1927), aus dem
<normalizedToken id="C6874538DFE4B7BF2CDBDA4258221738" originalValue="Elsaß" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">Elsass</normalizedToken>
(Gagnieu und Braun 1961).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="20BFC7FDF81BFC748350F166B6991E66" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">
<emphasis id="164055C6DBCB20E48AFC54CE4C5FFBE3" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">Standort.</emphasis>
Kollin, montan, subalpin und alpin. Trockene, kalkhaltige bis schwach saure, steinige
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in sonniger Lage. Nicht
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Wiesen und Weiden mit oft nicht geschlossener Pflanzendecke.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C5B4B783E76DC1F15622FBD9170F033D" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">
<emphasis id="AC7E5B16485FBBAC29F01C95701B6F62" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">Verbreitung. Eurasiatische Pflanze:</emphasis>
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bis Nordspanien,
<normalizedToken id="B5FAB5305AA6130EB9D1EDA11BAB0FCD" originalValue="nordwärts" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">nordwaerts</normalizedToken>
bis Zentralfrankreich, Mitteldeutschland, Baltikum,
<normalizedToken id="778A8B6104E05E913F43824C3B9E864C" originalValue="ungefähr" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">ungefaehr</normalizedToken>
entlang dem 50. Breitengrad bis Ostasien;
<normalizedToken id="43B47ECD3F547999ACA9A8565074BB08" originalValue="südwärts" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">suedwaerts</normalizedToken>
bis Norditalien, Balkanhalbinsel, Kleinasien, Kaukasus, Himalaja. Verbreitungskarte von
<normalizedToken id="10389FD292CBE1007CF442BEFB4DD8B4" originalValue="Hultén" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">Hulten</normalizedToken>
(1962). - Im Gebiet in den warmen Gegenden, ziemlich
<normalizedToken id="24E42DA4A9E820E78DD5608E6A71D173" originalValue="häufig" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">haeufig</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6A1CC007C9A8C6F3D573D3C015B2DBD4" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">
<emphasis id="46381B0339B02502AC897CFD3384A0E8" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">
<pageBreakToken id="C0A0CA19C6675FAFA8706222764D9C0E" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">Bemerkungen</pageBreakToken>
.
<taxonomicName id="D4D7F2EC0C18806F27DBDB753AD2ED3F" authority="Lam." authorityName="Lam." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="null" pageNumber="356" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">F. glauca Lam.</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
unterscheidet sich von
<taxonomicName id="3AD629712793C7318461E1D2D1DD66E5" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Festuca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="null" pageNumber="356" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="duriuscula">
<emphasis id="6D61721DBE0943AC5200CE54F86DF0A3" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">F. duriuscula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
durch einen
<emphasis id="624E089B0B1DD2D93542AA3AE316708B" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">blauen, abwischbaren Reif</emphasis>
, der oft nur an Halmknoten und Blattscheiden vorhanden ist und sich an Herbarmaterial nicht mehr sicher nachweisen
<normalizedToken id="3BD4F3FEC960F93F9FBC840A7A5D4CA0" originalValue="läßt" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">laesst</normalizedToken>
. Der systematische Wert dieser Sippe sollte untersucht werden.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="355DEB8856BDB71031F91D3987333EB7" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">
Auch die Sippe
<taxonomicName id="3175916C6B7A5F3E990FA9CD97EFA4FC" authority="Host" authorityName="Host" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Nardus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="null" pageNumber="356" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stricta">
<emphasis id="99D6932C17E5AEFD7D7D49CC5750B1C0" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">F. stricta</emphasis>
Host
</taxonomicName>
, die aus dem
<normalizedToken id="B5A0D17081CDDF6780085A6AE86ADD50" originalValue="Elsaß" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">Elsass</normalizedToken>
angegeben ist (
<normalizedToken id="353D4B84084C2F3450A9BB4B9BA4C4F5" originalValue="Soó" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">Soo</normalizedToken>
1956, der Merkmale und Verbreitung darstellt,
<normalizedToken id="76922CD2099F6EB0A2D9AA3FFA053267" originalValue="erwähnt" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">erwaehnt</normalizedToken>
sie aber aus dem
<normalizedToken id="EF67050084026C7021C0E65BB5895F43" originalValue="Elsaß" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">Elsass</normalizedToken>
nicht), sollte weiter untersucht werden:
<taxonomicName id="3F2BE5972FC8BD648E146156863DA862" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Nardus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="null" pageNumber="356" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stricta">
<emphasis id="A492DA4E7E2B3F4EDEAFE4795D55CD14" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">F. stricta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
besitzt nach der Beschreibung
<emphasis id="F698F3601D8FE0BF9428B4A7A07D869D" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">5 Blattnerven;</emphasis>
wir haben jedoch angeblich vom Monographen Hackel bestimmtes Material von
<taxonomicName id="CBF2E38E4137AE0F6EFA6F2D5112BC7C" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Nardus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="null" pageNumber="356" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stricta">
<emphasis id="2EFE05ACEF95DF0F5F040F791C18DA59" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">F. stricta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gesehen, das einen Blattquerschnitt wie
<taxonomicName id="17AF77E407C3A555D2614BDC50FCD4A2" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Festuca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="null" pageNumber="356" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="duriuscula">
<emphasis id="E811DCFF83D7C75D80FA3DEDA695392D" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">F. duriuscula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
besitzt.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="53593E71BB01A8F3713A994886DC4174" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">
Anstelle von
<taxonomicName id="6AA27BED0BC63D9239D189A953573C36" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Festuca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="null" pageNumber="356" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="duriuscula">
<emphasis id="05CDAFB663B785B17378AFAAB537CC99" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">F. duriuscula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
verwendet Janchen (1959) den Namen
<taxonomicName id="621FF10A8F70A426E50A99A695916D10" authority="Thuill." authorityName="Thuill." class="Polypodiopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Pteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="null" pageNumber="356" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longifolia">
<emphasis id="9B94E84B1AD54D2033748477CB4B5CAA" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="356">F. longifolia</emphasis>
Thuill.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

237
data/32/7F/E7/327FE739E01D32DAC993FD247F0C3E2A.xml Normal file
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/E0C412B2-9218-4B68-B925-774000C4F149" authority="Srisonchai, Enghoff &amp; Panha" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes aurata" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurata">Desmoxytes aurata Srisonchai, Enghoff &amp; Panha</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Male (CUMZ), THAILAND, Surat Thani Province, Kanchanadit District, Khao Phanom Wang Cave,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="9.090833">9°05'27&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.60777">99°36'28&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 52 m a.s.l., 7 August 2015, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai, and ASRU members.
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
10 males, 7 females (CUMZ), same data as holotype. 17 males, 3 females (CUMZ), 1 male, 1 female (ZMUC), 1 male (ZMUM), 1 male (NHMW), 1 male (NHMUK), THAILAND, Surat Thani Province, Kanchanadit District, Wat Praphutthabart Sri Surat,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="9.186389">9°11'11&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.57972">99°34'47&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 19 m a.s.l., 6 December 2016, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Further specimens, not paratypes, all from THAILAND, Surat Thani Province: 8 males, 18 females, 3 broken females, 1 broken male missing right gonopod (CUMZ), Donsak District, Nang Gam Beach, limestone mountain,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="9.314722">9°18'53&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.76111">99°45'40&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 20 m a.s.l., 10 October 2008, leg. S. Panha, P. Tongkerd, and ASRU members. 7 males, 1 male missing left gonopod, 6 females, 1 male missing gonopods, 1 broken male missing left gonopod (CUMZ), Ko Samui District, Mo Ko Ang Thong National Marine Park, Ko Mae Koh,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="9.651667">9°39'06&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.66722">99°40'02&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 23 m a.s.l., 6 June 2009, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 1 broken male missing left gonopod, 4 males, 3 females, 1 male missing right gonopod, 1 male missing gonopods (CUMZ), Ko Samui District, Mo Ko Ang Thong National Marine Park, Ko Wua Talap,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="9.635555">9°38'08&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.67111">99°40'16&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 20 m a.s.l., 6 June 2009, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 1 male, 3 females (CUMZ), Donsak District, Nang Gam Beach,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="9.314722">9°18'53&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.76139">99°45'41&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 26 m a.s.l., 2 December 2015, leg. S. Panha, P. Tongkerd, and ASRU members.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Nakhon Si Thammarat Province: 1 male (CUMZ), Khanom District, Khao Krot Bureau of Monks, near Khao Krot Cave,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="9.241389">9°14'29&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.80195">99°48'07&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 19 m a.s.l., 23 October 2016, leg. W. Siriwut and ASRU members.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Body bright orange, low degree of elevation of paraterga, femora 5 and 6 strongly humped ventrally in middle part, collum with row of 3+3 anterior setae and metaterga with rows of 2+2 anterior and 2+2 posterior small tubercles. Similar in these respects to
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. delfae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="delfae">D. delfae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. perakensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="perakensis">D. perakensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n., but differs from those by having paraterga of collum quite long; lateral sulcus (ls) quite shallow; lamina lateralis (ll) stout and compact, ventral ridge (vrl) short; process (plm) of lamina medialis crenate; sternal lobe between male coxae 4 thin when seen in lateral view.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The name is Latin adjective and refers to the lamina lateralis (ll) of the gonopod which bears some resemblance to the
<normalizedToken originalValue="“hooded”">&quot;hooded&quot;</normalizedToken>
head of the oranda breed of goldfish (
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Carassius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Carassius auratus" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auratus">Carassius auratus</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">SIZE: Length 21-24 mm (male), 25-27 mm (female); width of midbody metazona ca. 1.7 mm (male), 2.1 mm (female). Width of head &lt;collum &lt;body ring 2 &lt;3 = 4 &lt;5-16, thereafter body gradually tapering towards telson.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
COLOUR (Fig. 9
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
): In life with body bright orange; antenna dark brown, except distal part of antennomere 7 and antennomere 8 whitish; head brown; paraterga, metaterga and surface below paraterga orange; legs, sterna and epiproct orange-ish yellow; a few basal podomeres whitish orange; prozona and metazona (metaterga) with wide black stripe, conspicuous on rings 4-19.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 9. Photographs of live
<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes aurata" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurata">Desmoxytes aurata</taxonomicName>
sp. n. and habitat. A, B male paratype C female paratype D mating couple E habitat.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">ANTENNAE (Fig. 10D): Moderately long and slender, reaching to body ring 6 (male) and 5 (female) when stretched dorsally.</paragraph>
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 10.
<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes aurata" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurata">Desmoxytes aurata</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (male paratype). A anterior body part B body rings 8-10 (op = ozopore) C posteriormost body rings and telson D head and antenna E paraterga of ring 10 F body ring 10.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">COLLUM (Fig. 10A): With 1 transverse anterior row of 3+3 setae; paraterga of collum low, almost horizontal, directed caudolaterad, with two inconspicuous setiferous notches on lateral margin.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">TEGUMENT: Strongly shining and smooth; prozona finely shagreened; collum, metaterga, sterna and epiproct smooth; surface below paraterga finely microgranulate.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
METATERGA (Fig. 10
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
): With 2 transverse rows of setae and inconspicuous tubercles; metaterga 2-18 with 2+2 anterior and 2+2 posterior tubercles; metatergum 19 with 2+2 anterior and 2+2 posterior setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">PARATERGA (Fig. 10E, F): Directed caudolaterad on body rings 2-17, elevated at ca. 30°-35° (male) 30° (female), directed increasingly caudad on body rings 18 and 19; anterior margin with 2 distinct notches, without tiny denticle near tip.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
TELSON (Fig. 11
<normalizedToken originalValue="C–G">C-G</normalizedToken>
): Epiproct: tip emarginate; lateral setiferous tubercles small and inconspicuous; apical tubercles inconspicuous. Hypoproct subsemicircular; caudal margin round, with very small and inconspicuous setiferous tubercles.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 11.
<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes aurata" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurata">Desmoxytes aurata</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (paratypes). A body rings 8-10 B sculpture of ring 10 C, E last ring and telson D hypoproct F, G epiproct H male leg 5 (right) I male leg 6 (right) J male leg 13 (right).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">STERNA (Fig. 12): Cross-impressions shallow. Sternal lobe between male coxae 4 subrectangular (in some specimens subtrapeziform), tip subtruncate (in some specimens subemarginate or round).</paragraph>
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 12.
<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes aurata" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurata">Desmoxytes aurata</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (male holotype, male paratypes) - sternal lobe between male coxae 4. A, B lateral view C ventral view
<normalizedToken originalValue="D–F">D-F</normalizedToken>
caudal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
LEGS (Fig. 11
<normalizedToken originalValue="H–J">H-J</normalizedToken>
): Long and slender. Male femora 5 and 6 strongly humped ventrally in middle portion.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">GONOPODS (Figs 13, 14): Coxa (cx) longer than prefemur. Cannula (ca) slightly stout. Telopodite quite stout. Prefemur (pfe) ca. 2/3 as long as femur. Femur (fe) somewhat stout. Mesal sulcus (ms) conspicuous and very deep; lateral sulcus (ls) shallow. Postfemur (pof) conspicuous, ventrally narrow and short. Solenophore (sph) well-developed: lamina lateralis (ll) swollen, stout and compact, anterolaterally with a distinct furrow; ventral ridge (vrl) short: lamina medialis (lm) well-developed; process (plm) short, wide and thin, tip crenate; distal lobe (dlm) distally with one lamella, tip directed anteriad; broad lobe (blm) indistinctly separated from distal lobe (dlm) by a shallow indentation. Solenomere (sl) long.</paragraph>
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 13.
<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes aurata" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurata">Desmoxytes aurata</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (paratype) - right gonopod. A mesal view B dorsal view C ventral view D submesal view (arrow = indentation) E lateral view (arrow = furrow).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 14.
<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes aurata" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurata">Desmoxytes aurata</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (paratype) - right gonopod. A lateral view B mesal view C ventral view D subdorsal view (arrow = indentation) E dorsal view F subdorsal view (arrow = furrow).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Known only from Surat Thani and Nakhon Si Thammarat Provinces. All specimens were collected in limestone mountains (on the mainland and on two islands) (Fig. 9E). We also surveyed other islands in Mo Ko Ang Thong National Marine Park, but found no specimens of
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. aurata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="aurata">D. aurata</taxonomicName>
sp. n. The new species is probably distributed along the islands in the Gulf of Thailand and also on the mainland near the type locality. We regard it as endemic for Thailand.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes aurata" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurata">Desmoxytes aurata</taxonomicName>
sp. n. is morphologically similar to
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. delfae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="delfae">D. delfae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. perakensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="perakensis">D. perakensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. in the remarkable orange colouration, as well as some morphological characters (except characters in diagnosis). These three species show allopatric distribution ranges, and the big mountain ranges known as the Nakhon Si Thammarat and Sunkala Khiri mountains possibly act as dispersal barriers.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The bright orange colouration is without doubt aposematic. There is some distinct variation within populations in the sternal lobe between male coxae 4, especially its shape: in most specimens the lobe is subrectangular, in others subtrapeziform, and its tip also varies - subtruncate/ subemarginate/ round. The shape of the sternal lobe of the new species is similar to that seen in
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. delfae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="delfae">D. delfae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. perakensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="perakensis">D. perakensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n., however, it looks thinner than those when seen in lateral view.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="coexisting species">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coexisting species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes cervina" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cervina">Desmoxytes cervina</taxonomicName>
was found together with the new species in some localities.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>