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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="297124" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7316519" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3f0f641c-cd4b-4694-8e47-c47be23ac2a9" ID-ISBN="0-8018-8221-4" checkinTime="1670905116760" checkinUser="guido" docAuthor="Wilson, Don E. &amp; Reeder, DeeAnn" docDate="2005" docId="66138B8F0F9F23EC9676206423A13123" docLanguage="en" docName="MammalSpeciesofTheWorld.2005.Carnivora.532-628.xml" docOrigin="Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press" docTitle="Felidae Fischer de Waldheim 1817" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="E69BF2968277AF6992A8FF32E9D4E7ED" lastPageNumber="532" masterDocId="E69BF2968277AF6992A8FF32E9D4E7ED" masterDocTitle="Order Carnivora" masterLastPageNumber="628" masterPageNumber="532" pageNumber="532" updateTime="1716792096583" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="47F6AC6501910D098A7CB1F4B9AE5019">
<mods:title id="F38ABDF08C944D95FB907F3BAF6B6086">Order Carnivora</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9C8498C3E6485E51FAA232111FA199C4">Wilson, Don E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5001F1AAAC3F05DF39EA8FA18D8F418C">Reeder, DeeAnn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="243BB5A71C022AC8128CDE2F547668C1">2005</mods:dateIssued>
<mods:publisher id="8250C79290211EC4BBB5DE2234F8B558">The Johns Hopkins University Press</mods:publisher>
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<mods:titleInfo id="FC06A335323D087F14AA1995561900CE">
<mods:title id="D17C27D4E19ED6355F55114430E63568">Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1</mods:title>
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<mods:classification id="3212E15C65289ACE35F45589309CCF66">book chapter</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="BA7D8822592CC9899690974999515A57" type="ISBN">0-8018-8221-4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="96B0D345A14CAE0F36F4BABE8A185A9E" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.7316519</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="66138B8F0F9F23EC9676206423A13123" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11343558" ID-GBIF-Taxon="231547971" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11343558" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:66138B8F0F9F23EC9676206423A13123" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/66138B8F0F9F23EC9676206423A13123" lastPageNumber="532" pageNumber="532" sourceUrl="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=14000003">
<subSubSection id="E57D49F476822AB74A2BE1462031FD34" pageNumber="532" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9470DCECACB7A7CA5465F31E1F8E6CDB" pageNumber="532">
<taxonomicName id="83F81B0CD750C053CB3F2566F9BA13BE" ID-CoL="623RM" authority="Fischer de Waldheim 1817" authorityName="Fischer de Waldheim" authorityYear="1817" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Felidae Fischer de Waldheim 1817</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CA09A837D1158EDD65FB6F9A2450D223" pageNumber="532" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="9A1D8BCDE80AA07821515DC1C853DF73" pageNumber="532">
<treatmentCitation id="02D8FE6018793507A3B3E2334E5F1043" author="Fischer de Waldheim" authority="Fischer de Waldheim 1817" authorityName="Fischer de Waldheim" authorityYear="1817" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" journal="Mem. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscow" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" page="372" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="family" title="Felidae" volume="5" year="1817">
<taxonomicName id="174F41FC9B2D5E4567755258B519863E" ID-CoL="623RM" authority="Fischer de Waldheim 1817" authorityName="Fischer de Waldheim" authorityYear="1817" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Felidae Fischer de Waldheim 1817</taxonomicName>
,
<bibCitation id="BA1E1E03379BA3249C3B4FC9FFE45B30" author="Fischer de Waldheim" journal="Mem. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscow" pageNumber="532" pagination="372" title="Felidae" volume="5" year="1817">
Mem. Soc. Imp. Nat.
<collectingRegion id="30BBC7F5A984DCE3ECA16C95FDE5A354" country="Russia" name="Moscow">Moscow</collectingRegion>
, 5: 372
</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="084DA900CBA52EDCCE4EA116C96522A4" pageNumber="532" type="synonym_list">
<paragraph id="889D2FB82BCBE4B491C725B10BA521DF" pageNumber="532">
<emphasis id="C709F2CBDE548FC3DD8B79DCA7A3C473" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="532">Synonyms:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D4CECE307D479881729C9D61B4312C92" authority="Kretzoi 1929" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1929" class="Mammalia" family="Euailuroida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Euailuroida Kretzoi 1929</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="5843ECDFC370F78238EB3F90B0F482ED" authority="Brunet 1979" authorityName="Brunet" authorityYear="1979" class="Mammalia" family="Felinoidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Felinoidea Brunet 1979</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="51A3031D07FCF20E4B406FF83FED6E5A" authority="Hay 1930" authorityName="Hay" authorityYear="1930" class="Mammalia" family="Feloidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Feloidae Hay 1930</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="20C97E2D259F5D3922FABD710B5391B5" authority="Simpson 1931" authorityName="Simpson" authorityYear="1931" class="Mammalia" family="Feloidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
Feloidea
<bibRefCitation id="21DAEA9049ED4C591D0C2831F5324B77" author="Simpson, G. G." refId="ref328847" refString="Simpson, G. G. 1931. A new classification of mammals. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 59: 259 - 293." year="1931">Simpson 1931</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="C4B21946590BCD7A382D29A6B81CACDC" authority="Gray 1867" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" class="Mammalia" family="Lyncina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Lyncina Gray 1867</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3A2F6EACDB97B8E738D586CEB8C4AEDC" pageNumber="532" type="child_taxa">
<paragraph id="C00AC7DA33C324EAA0F27421FDA4A2DA" pageNumber="532">
<emphasis id="816BA10A11482B8D50BF71A0F1EA4248" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="532">Genera:</emphasis>
14 genera with 40 species in 2 subfamilies:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="516468EFBCB2172AB6A1936EA0D93192" pageNumber="532">
Subfamily
<taxonomicName id="C906003FDC6A774ED02D39689958C219" authority="Fischer de Waldheim 1817" authorityName="Fischer de Waldheim" authorityYear="1817" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Felinae">Felinae Fischer de Waldheim 1817</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F801DB674B352C072BA1EE892A1C1E1" pageNumber="532">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="A50FF9CCE31DB32CD693E5A6DC586737" authority="Brookes 1828" authorityName="Brookes" authorityYear="1828" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Acinonyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4A6B9161263A1E8A548A52F3E2F134A0" italics="true" pageNumber="532">Acinonyx</emphasis>
Brookes 1828
</taxonomicName>
(1 species with 6 subspecies)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E3E49096879234223A30B188835C76D6" pageNumber="532">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="8F54AF2C865B45B66747B787E66438C4" authority="Gray 1843" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1843" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Caracal" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3B6A30811125E4ECAFD4D5636E06896E" italics="true" pageNumber="532">Caracal</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0484D42737FA4246F2D9E0EEEFDA6418" author="Gray, J. E." refId="ref128376" refString="Gray, J. E. 1843. List of the specimens of Mammalia in the collection of the British Museum. British Museum (Natural History) Publications, London, 216 pp." year="1843">Gray 1843</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(1 species with 8 subspecies)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B172847B24E6318271769C9DA30069F9" pageNumber="532">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="218D3A7FE59CF2704C24617032FDDF74" authority="Severtzov 1858" authorityName="Severtzov" authorityYear="1858" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Catopuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D963FF314F1B73E53B88A9EAFA429698" italics="true" pageNumber="532">Catopuma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7E76131DC8D2DB032EED3ED534516CDE" author="Severtzov, N." refId="ref324300" refString="Severtzov, N. 1858. Notice sur la classification multiseriale des carnivores, specialement des Felides, et les etudes de zoologie generale qui s'y rattachent. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie, Pure et Appliquee (2), 241 - 246, 385 - 393, 9: 387 - 391, 433 - 439; 10: 3 - 8, 145 - 150, 193 - 196." year="1858">Severtzov 1858</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(2 species with 3 subspecies)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9D00A9C54681194B91C85F1BBFB7BE2" pageNumber="532">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="48A2602277E4AC69953FD6081FED78A4" authority="Linnaeus 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7C00FF897DB7C116B563FB014788135D" italics="true" pageNumber="532">Felis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8666020672DEE2AED0DDF09B5A490450" author="Linnaeus, C." refId="ref213949" refString="Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classis, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tenth ed. Vol. 1. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 824 pp." year="1758">Linnaeus 1758</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(7 species with 43 subspecies)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="61AE8FDFB1FDED8E7E293794CC8086C4" pageNumber="532">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="E4DE3ACA4D5AED979EF73576BAB07C6F" authority="Gray 1842" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Leopardus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A3F9400CD763E3FCAE1C636CA7A9CFA5" italics="true" pageNumber="532">Leopardus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3174FFF86951F50B95F84178F569B542" author="Gray, J. E." refId="ref128327" refString="Gray, J. E. 1842. Description of two new species of Mammalia discovered in Australia by Captain George Gray (Tarsipes Spenserae and Chaeropus castanotis). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, [ser. 1], 9: 39 - 42." year="1842">Gray 1842</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(9 species with 41 subspecies)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="549E4AD5B3B9298FFF66B6C57FE55F8D" pageNumber="532">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="2E9BAD31CAD05AE54D3FE877D0EA6CDD" authority="Severtzov 1858" authorityName="Severtzov" authorityYear="1858" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Leptailurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5A6491E7395724DB86AEA66BB6BBDE71" italics="true" pageNumber="532">Leptailurus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2223D31ABA51BFA4DB35F96D1B95F5D8" author="Severtzov, N." refId="ref324300" refString="Severtzov, N. 1858. Notice sur la classification multiseriale des carnivores, specialement des Felides, et les etudes de zoologie generale qui s'y rattachent. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie, Pure et Appliquee (2), 241 - 246, 385 - 393, 9: 387 - 391, 433 - 439; 10: 3 - 8, 145 - 150, 193 - 196." year="1858">Severtzov 1858</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(1 species with 18 subspecies)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="03D7334C6A0448455B77EFBEBA3550BE" pageNumber="532">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="6BFD9F9C3B0FE01FFFE4E8063BFCB310" authority="Kerr 1792" authorityName="Kerr" authorityYear="1792" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Lynx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="61A58231D22A7F856560598C564747CC" italics="true" pageNumber="532">Lynx</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="79C3E981EFF9FF0826E62C278CD99346" author="Kerr, R." refId="ref183257" refString="Kerr, R. 1792. The animal kingdom, or zoological system, of the celebrated Sir Charles Linnaeus; class I: Mammalia. London, J. Murray &amp; R. Faulder, 664 pp." year="1792">Kerr 1792</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(4 species with 20 subspecies)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1B64BF6FDFF1C797D592256905459A92" pageNumber="532">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="C492EA896C1ADC47C7A67F9D9DEB108A" authority="Severtzov 1858" authorityName="Severtzov" authorityYear="1858" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Pardofelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E114F1B90877B33395FC468A3C25F15D" italics="true" pageNumber="532">Pardofelis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EC0B30B1F568FEA7E5268B73EE550F4E" author="Severtzov, N." refId="ref324300" refString="Severtzov, N. 1858. Notice sur la classification multiseriale des carnivores, specialement des Felides, et les etudes de zoologie generale qui s'y rattachent. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie, Pure et Appliquee (2), 241 - 246, 385 - 393, 9: 387 - 391, 433 - 439; 10: 3 - 8, 145 - 150, 193 - 196." year="1858">Severtzov 1858</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(1 species with 2 subspecies)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="618365D6E3E5C94D8AFD0B1534E62D4B" pageNumber="532">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="07DDD34170C0CBFCB06FCF708C22F3DB" authority="Severtzov 1858" authorityName="Severtzov" authorityYear="1858" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Prionailurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8C98BA2CDB375DF764D152FDFC14E5FF" italics="true" pageNumber="532">Prionailurus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FD031F7A434017F98E2EA995AF8F3DF3" author="Severtzov, N." refId="ref324300" refString="Severtzov, N. 1858. Notice sur la classification multiseriale des carnivores, specialement des Felides, et les etudes de zoologie generale qui s'y rattachent. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie, Pure et Appliquee (2), 241 - 246, 385 - 393, 9: 387 - 391, 433 - 439; 10: 3 - 8, 145 - 150, 193 - 196." year="1858">Severtzov 1858</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(5 species with 13 subspecies)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="54401F08BB2317F6B7CA1DB7B61433D4" pageNumber="532">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="0C302A3089221CF88910F31072D5D15D" authority="Severtzov 1858" authorityName="Severtzov" authorityYear="1858" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Profelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F9BF5AA5C7DD3F7DF86EBAA3A17455F6" italics="true" pageNumber="532">Profelis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="A18C9911A122CAF862101710DFFF22E6" author="Severtzov, N." refId="ref324300" refString="Severtzov, N. 1858. Notice sur la classification multiseriale des carnivores, specialement des Felides, et les etudes de zoologie generale qui s'y rattachent. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie, Pure et Appliquee (2), 241 - 246, 385 - 393, 9: 387 - 391, 433 - 439; 10: 3 - 8, 145 - 150, 193 - 196." year="1858">Severtzov 1858</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(1 species with 2 subspecies)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D18ED44014CF1D91655F793FB3251DFF" pageNumber="532">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="E3556E2E270D7AE56D2EF85451FE59D2" authority="Jardine 1834" authorityName="Jardine" authorityYear="1834" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Puma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DC19A8F9245A9418FA336097B4A6929C" italics="true" pageNumber="532">Puma</emphasis>
Jardine 1834
</taxonomicName>
(2 species with 14 subspecies)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B662D4857B7D9EA1F1C10614855EAB16" pageNumber="532">
Subfamily
<taxonomicName id="82E5D327FD4EF2EA7A64C186D33C0A02" authority="Pocock 1917" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1917" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pantherinae">Pantherinae Pocock 1917</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="42DB0041D5838664022AEAC8E5F2E9B0" pageNumber="532">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="A657ADC40B5DC0C785B885291E1917AC" authority="Gray 1867" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Neofelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCFBE913B72E10A93C11104D8214C3F7" italics="true" pageNumber="532">Neofelis</emphasis>
Gray 1867
</taxonomicName>
(1 species with 4 subspecies)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0F587E5C90FAF0B6C9426C8E0B9D9A" pageNumber="532">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="A11F9107A108756B5AE3DCD43E6B3169" authority="Oken 1816" authorityName="Oken" authorityYear="1816" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Panthera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="18E463F86970682BD87E5A33ED33681D" italics="true" pageNumber="532">Panthera</emphasis>
Oken 1816
</taxonomicName>
(4 species with 36 subspecies)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C1DD1E5A60B076B16573F359C2794945" pageNumber="532">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="8F695E0267F56C3B0B163BFAE6E2E060" authority="Gray 1854" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1854" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Uncia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="91464A5C48C0CE0C293FA0BE8AE4BE71" italics="true" pageNumber="532">Uncia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="731083921C288F1B217F6EA170D2A791" author="Gray, J. E." refId="ref128663" refString="Gray, J. E. 1854. The ounces. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 2, 14: 394." year="1854">Gray 1854</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(1 species)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="36A985591BDB963D8503BB74E297C773" pageNumber="532" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="093749CDE254FA0AA0F0F7383917B9DB" pageNumber="532">
<emphasis id="946EFE7580BC8B784420100634174ED7" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="532">Discussion:</emphasis>
Revised by
<bibRefCitation id="673D47592C626953AF94317E1D2143D4" author="Pocock, R. I." refId="ref289371" refString="Pocock, R. I. 1917 a. The classification of the existing Felidae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 8, 20: 329 - 350." year="1917">
Pocock (1917
<emphasis id="85176A096C637912179B6A9C3FE3369A" italics="true" pageNumber="532">a, b</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
, 1951),
<bibRefCitation id="84CAEFD765C9A8C554CECD1A79271CD6" author="Weigel, I." refId="ref386565" refString="Weigel, I. 1961. Das Fellmuster der wildlebenden Katzenarten und der Hauskatze in Vergleichender und Stammesgeschicher Hinsicht. Saugetierkundliche Mitteilungen, 9: 1 - 120." year="1961">Weigel (1961)</bibRefCitation>
, de
<bibRefCitation id="5EA951D17B47E9356FB7430677356E7C" author="Beaumont, G., de" refId="ref25501" refString="Beaumont, G., de. 1964. Remarques sur la classification des Felidae. Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 57: 837 - 845." year="1964">Beaumont (1964)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="37286E2ACCB59F62BBDAB2AC075D4D67" author="Hemmer, H." refId="ref146820" refString="Hemmer, H. 1978. The evolutionary systematics of living Felidae: Present status and current problems. Carnivore, 1 (1): 71 - 79." year="1978">Hemmer (1978)</bibRefCitation>
, Král and Zima (1980), Kratochvíl (1982
<emphasis id="79DBC3B0FB5DC2F7021F0F587B539359" italics="true" pageNumber="532">c</emphasis>
),
<bibRefCitation id="8CE443B532E900C4FC1073F15526F088" author="Groves, C. P." refId="ref131596" refString="Groves, C. P. 1982 a. Cranial and dental characteristics in the systematics of Old World Felidae. Carnivore, 5 (2): 28 - 39." year="1982">
Groves (1982
<emphasis id="90625437D1A28B3472FC6A66CEE79F5C" italics="true" pageNumber="532">a</emphasis>
)
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="7B8D659D3F4C0D78C13B890D8CBCBAB4" author="Collier, G. E. &amp; S. J. O'Brien" refId="ref64385" refString="Collier, G. E., and S. J. O'Brien. 1985. A molecular phylogeny of the Felidae: Immunological distance. Evolution, 39: 473 - 487." year="1985">Collier and O'Brien (1985)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="BE5F22C65FEF2DC77BF4AC4EF55DCA1C" author="Salles, L. O." refId="ref315276" refString="Salles, L. O. 1992. Felid phylogenetics: Extant taxa and skull morphology (Felidae, Aeluroidea). American Museum Novitates, 3047: 1 - 67." year="1992">Salles (1992)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="B88EB63FBECA09F75FC0C16878D99ECC" author="Johnson, W. E. &amp; S. J. O'Brien" refId="ref174786" refString="Johnson, W. E., and S. J. O'Brien. 1997. Phylogenetic reconstruction of the Felidae using 16 S rRNA and NADH- 5 mitochondrial genes. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 44 (Suppl. 1): S 98 - S 116." year="1997">Johnson and O'Brien (1997)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="8CE7600F2A169E7B4C876C73ED9DF772" author="McKenna, M. C. &amp; S. K. Bell" refId="ref233772" refString="McKenna, M. C., and S. K. Bell. 1997. Classification of mammals above the species level. Columbia University Press, New York, 631 pp." year="1997">McKenna and Bell (1997)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EBB1E27295337C105EDF149654FA26A9" author="Bininda-Emonds, O. R. P. &amp; J. L. Gittleman &amp; A. Purvis" refId="ref32387" refString="Bininda-Emonds, O. R. P., J. L. Gittleman, and A. Purvis. 1999. Building large trees by combining phylogenetic information: A complete phylogeny of the extant Carnivora (Mammalia). Biological Reviews, 74: 143 - 175." year="1999">Bininda-Emonds et al. (1999)</bibRefCitation>
, and
<bibRefCitation id="AB6BB2EE4B4A94732A92CF2FB5BDE4CB" author="Mattern, M. Y. &amp; D. A. McLennan" refId="ref230865" refString="Mattern, M. Y., and D. A. McLennan. 2000. Phylogeny and speciation of felids. Cladistics, 16: 232 - 253." year="2000">Mattern and McLennan (2000)</bibRefCitation>
. Some (
<bibRefCitation id="D388B0E47AE3B88C1F39552C3D2E1C18" author="Honacki, J. H. &amp; K. E. Kinman &amp; J. W. Koeppl" refId="ref157366" refString="Honacki, J. H., K. E. Kinman and J. W. Koeppl (eds.). 1982. Mammal species of the world, a taxonomic and geographic reference. Allen Press, Inc. and The Association of Systematics Collections, Lawrence, Kansas, 694 pp." year="1982">Honacki et al., 1982</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="349A0317F107AB95CBE986DC54A044A9" author="McKenna, M. C. &amp; S. K. Bell" refId="ref233772" refString="McKenna, M. C., and S. K. Bell. 1997. Classification of mammals above the species level. Columbia University Press, New York, 631 pp." year="1997">McKenna and Bell, 1997</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="0A37B714358F791FB1599DD41553A3C5" author="Van Gelder, R. G." refId="ref366220" refString="Van Gelder, R. G. 1977 b. Mammalian hybrids and generic limits. American Museum Novitates, 2635: 1 - 25." year="1977">
<collectingRegion id="465F93F97FB828E7FFD7210F3A7D9ECC" country="Turkey" name="Van">Van</collectingRegion>
Gelder, 1977
<emphasis id="FD2FACFEBEF4A9543D83FAD0DAC2EBBC" italics="true" pageNumber="532">b</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
) have followed
<bibRefCitation id="0CEA52A63A851B8315B39380F11D3851" author="Simpson, G. G." refId="ref328876" refString="Simpson, G. G. 1945. The principles of classification and a classification of mammals. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 85: 1 - 350." year="1945">Simpson (1945)</bibRefCitation>
and placed the majority of taxa in
<taxonomicName id="9F590EF87465FF8E18A7246C7C569B33" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B4E56CBA7352EE68A2B001305D8AFEB8" italics="true" pageNumber="532">Felis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, except for the large cats (i.e.,
<taxonomicName id="97A127DF19A1A8F2063B4C8DAC61F257" authorityName="Oken" authorityYear="1816" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Panthera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="ADBCA57B8A3834026B09CE163479599F" italics="true" pageNumber="532">Panthera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="3FD9EE6E5CA3E776DFB1E601C959628C" authorityName="Brookes" authorityYear="1828" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Acinonyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="88363AA18EFA65DA7EE487661B0E17CA" italics="true" pageNumber="532">Acinonyx</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); however, this is not well supported by primary systematic studies and only poorly represents relationships below the family level. Most studies agree on the clear separation of the &quot;big cats&quot; (i.e.,
<taxonomicName id="49D2C0005E4F49E7CAD9BF3058BAD944" authorityName="Oken" authorityYear="1816" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Panthera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7E6AF8ABC6E433103F7B1B3CDF346924" italics="true" pageNumber="532">Panthera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="CD0EAD0A9ECB536ED70E31EC85F4A934" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Neofelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5177BC00C002F958FF929E23D4CF2429" italics="true" pageNumber="532">Neofelis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="38AD1A513734789C226DEB17379EF099" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1854" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Uncia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CF2B730DDAAC9745E8F819BF2028C72" italics="true" pageNumber="532">Uncia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) from the remainder. However, within the remaining group, there does not appear to be a clear consensus. Even the cheetah’s (
<taxonomicName id="1329FEC97F173EB2829E182BA6856736" authorityName="Brookes" authorityYear="1828" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Acinonyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E05ACC405E3319C6F540E74C23A23428" italics="true" pageNumber="532">Acinonyx</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) traditional position has been called into question (
<bibRefCitation id="A6E44E254D3385DF4C2F43E9A5E6153F" author="Bininda-Emonds, O. R. P. &amp; J. L. Gittleman &amp; A. Purvis" refId="ref32387" refString="Bininda-Emonds, O. R. P., J. L. Gittleman, and A. Purvis. 1999. Building large trees by combining phylogenetic information: A complete phylogeny of the extant Carnivora (Mammalia). Biological Reviews, 74: 143 - 175." year="1999">Bininda-Emonds et al., 1999</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="93CA2F52112C136A5AF155444B0F7D26" author="Mattern, M. Y. &amp; D. A. McLennan" refId="ref230865" refString="Mattern, M. Y., and D. A. McLennan. 2000. Phylogeny and speciation of felids. Cladistics, 16: 232 - 253." year="2000">Mattern and McLennan, 2000</bibRefCitation>
). For these reasons, only two subfamilies of cats are recognized, and taxa are listed alphabetically within each subfamily. Synonyms allocated according to
<bibRefCitation id="C59813C2539DB250871E88C257F6ED05" author="McKenna, M. C. &amp; S. K. Bell" refId="ref233772" refString="McKenna, M. C., and S. K. Bell. 1997. Classification of mammals above the species level. Columbia University Press, New York, 631 pp." year="1997">McKenna and Bell (1997)</bibRefCitation>
and Kitchener (pers. comm.). Species distributions were suplemented by Kristin Nowell,
<collectionCode id="AFD7B5AB68243C1556674AD56F7B01BE">IUCN</collectionCode>
/
<collectionCode id="969E40705A5087EF836D40CD6991DF18" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9wqd-8bvt" name="Sacramento State University" type="">SSC</collectionCode>
Cat Specialist Group (pers. comm.). For an excellent review of the biology of the felids, see
<bibRefCitation id="02AC704D85D7EEF31D3952E62E1EB928" author="Sunquist, M. &amp; F. Sunquist" refId="ref344261" refString="Sunquist, M., and F. Sunquist. 2002. Wild cats of the world. University of Chicago Press, 462 pp." year="2002">Sunquist and Sunquist (2002)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="48BSV" ID-ENA="2756238" LSID="6613AE0C-97B3-5252-AF50-8262D03995AA" authority="(Peters, 1877)" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1877" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Occidozyga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Occidozyga sumatrana" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sumatrana">Occidozyga sumatrana (Peters, 1877)</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A Fejervarya limnocharis B Limnonectes blythii C L. hascheanus D L. deinodon E L. malesianus F L. plicatellus G L. utara H Occidozyga sumatrana I O. martensii." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1157.95873.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/832318" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Fig. 4H Yellow Bellied Puddle Frog</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="examined specimens">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Examined specimens.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Seven adult male specimens were collected from SRF (UMTZC1507, UMTZC1561, UMTZC1562, UMTZC1610, UMTZC1629, UMTZC1631, and UMTZC1734SVL, SVL = 22-35 mm).</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="identification">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Identification.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
Morphological characters of the specimens agreed well with the description by
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-2018-25-3-207-220" author="Davis, HR" journalOrPublisher="Russian Journal of Herpetology" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="207 - 220" refId="B28" refString="Davis, HR, Grimser, LL, Cobos, AJ, Murdoch, ML, Sumarli, AX, Anuar, S, Quah, ES, 2018. Checklist of the herpetofauna of Hutan Lipur Gunung Senyum, Pahang, Peninsular Malaysia. Russian Journal of Herpetology 25 (3): 207 - 220, DOI: https://doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-2018-25-3-207-220" title="Checklist of the herpetofauna of Hutan Lipur Gunung Senyum, Pahang, Peninsular Malaysia." url="https://doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-2018-25-3-207-220" volume="25" year="2018">Davis et al. (2018)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.15560/17.3.791" author="Hong, Z" journalOrPublisher="Check List" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="791 - 814" refId="B49" refString="Hong, Z, Shahrul, AMS, Grismer, LL, Quah, ESH, 2021. Preliminary report on the herpetofaunal diversity of Batu Hampar Recreational Forest, Kedah, Malaysia. Check List 17 (3): 791 - 814, DOI: https://doi.org/10.15560/17.3.791" title="Preliminary report on the herpetofaunal diversity of Batu Hampar Recreational Forest, Kedah, Malaysia." url="https://doi.org/10.15560/17.3.791" volume="17" year="2021">Hong et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
. Size (SVL: 22-35 mm,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">n</emphasis>
= 7 males); depressed head; rounded snout; tympanum present but not visible through skin; weak supratympanic fold; tips of digits blunt and dilated to small disc; elliptical and compressed inner metatarsal tubercle, outer metatarsal tubercle absent; toes webbed and reaching discs of all toes; dorsum patterns variable from having a broad and pale vertebral stripe between eyes and shoulder (UMTZC1629) to indistinct dark marking (UMTZC1507, UMTZC1561, UMTZC1610, UMTZC1631, and UMTZC1734), dense and dark blotching, or whitish marking on snout and interorbital region (UMTZC1562).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">All specimens were found in temporary stagnant water bodies near the Peres River at SRF, such as puddles or intermittent pools that developed after heavy rains on the forest floor and near stream areas. The species is typically observed with its body partially submerged in water with eyes exposed.</paragraph>
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