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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="297062" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7316535" ID-GBIF-Dataset="156523d6-74b7-4fc5-b47a-f95a3a9831e0" ID-ISBN="0-8018-8221-4" checkinTime="1670905214823" checkinUser="guido" docAuthor="Wilson, Don E. &amp; Reeder, DeeAnn" docDate="2005" docId="6605494C18ACFA0FECC4773E622FE630" docLanguage="en" docName="MammalSpeciesofTheWorld.2005.Nesomyidae.930-955.xml" docOrigin="Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press" docTitle="Eliurus tanala Major 1896" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="1754DB44AD431D0BCB952D53A5D6688B" lastPageNumber="950" masterDocId="1754DB44AD431D0BCB952D53A5D6688B" masterDocTitle="Order Rodentia - Family Nesomyidae" masterLastPageNumber="955" masterPageNumber="930" pageNumber="950" updateTime="1716774009400" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="F6FEF732F08650A99F54C0E492580C51" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="090C63203457A011483E1328A4390883">
<mods:title id="C588AD97D7BA6E8E28735E7782B50D2E">Order Rodentia - Family Nesomyidae</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="4A0A13DE67055DCFF192134F7B052562" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6ED911303978E66E352749DE1498440F">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6734A181CED34B252EDD877637732FE6">Wilson, Don E.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="53B0F27B55A5B13E62EE07D78DDA09FA" type="personal">
<mods:role id="1E6201A3E96D47CDAA9D08167836972A">
<mods:roleTerm id="62AA4850E76F902156060CFBE797D6C1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C5056371B894964CEC617A6A6876ABEC">Reeder, DeeAnn</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="7551BF9BEC353F8ABB968E72BAF298AC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="AC28E5BC676E3F831437C8EA7F49744B">2005</mods:dateIssued>
<mods:publisher id="DACEAB12A56E629369B4EBD25E079E8D">The Johns Hopkins University Press</mods:publisher>
<mods:place id="1F8D8708E149226A260A11757360C5CA">
<mods:placeTerm id="CF5117EEECB2B601D5F47A74570DC850">Baltimore</mods:placeTerm>
</mods:place>
</mods:originInfo>
<mods:titleInfo id="7F85EF3DB8CCFA460784CC17079C2C1D">
<mods:title id="7A632165F6ACD91855A716E8A8811369">Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="9E56FA35D1265F9E60CE0F6E32D0C7C6">
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<mods:start id="FD236572B18BFA0247652EDAD9596F99">930</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="D9EEB49350DF883D68E3DCCA179AE431">book chapter</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="52D2534C7C1A7847BEE91CAFEFF3BF93" type="ISBN">0-8018-8221-4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="00924FA05F738F04B3F9C12D57BF0E2C" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.7316535</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="6605494C18ACFA0FECC4773E622FE630" ID-GBIF-Taxon="231525361" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6605494C18ACFA0FECC4773E622FE630" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6605494C18ACFA0FECC4773E622FE630" lastPageNumber="950" pageNumber="950" sourceUrl="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=13000130">
<subSubSection id="311E2CE39563498EC3BED23DDB4BD0F8" pageNumber="950" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B971E15D30D1592F0B05A5E6A96FAD8" pageNumber="950">
<taxonomicName id="5B0FC4766702EE2978088E753ADDC2E5" ID-CoL="6F5NX" authority="Major 1896" authorityName="Major" authorityYear="1896" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" genus="Eliurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="950" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tanala">
<emphasis id="6537534265C0C8A630D5DDF5DEDFF375" italics="true" pageNumber="950">Eliurus tanala</emphasis>
Major 1896
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C1116AF2C1808AA12CAEFC9DEFB5C388" pageNumber="950" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="34D58633D74B00EF1C6E5B2B3A3E535D" pageNumber="950">
<treatmentCitation id="E2BC49F2AA48BC6AA2357BA8930C282F" author="Major" authority="Major 1896" authorityName="Major" authorityYear="1896" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" genus="Eliurus" journal="Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 6" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" page="462" pageNumber="950" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tanala" title="Eliurus tanala" volume="18" year="1896">
<taxonomicName id="506C97CB44DB959F693B3BBA295142C7" ID-CoL="6F5NX" authority="Major 1896" authorityName="Major" authorityYear="1896" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" genus="Eliurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="950" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tanala">
<emphasis id="D8DB922158634078DA3D867862229EB5" italics="true" pageNumber="950">Eliurus tanala</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="68B09A573A1671BC07E6D0DFEDB6EA23" author="Major, C. I. F." refId="ref222579" refString="Major, C. I. F. 1896. Diagnoses of new mammals from Madagascar. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 6, 18: 319 - 325." year="1896">Major 1896</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<bibCitation id="4AB5812108D2463CB0973E19C0684ADA" author="Major" journal="Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 6" pageNumber="950" pagination="462" title="Eliurus tanala" volume="18" year="1896">Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 6, 18: 462</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CA5AAADB1CDE87E2F638721A59197DEB" pageNumber="950" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="3AC760D655149F6EFCE1570C7B521437" pageNumber="950">
<emphasis id="8C2A6E6CEBAABCBACAA7551228E3D5B6" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="950">Type Locality:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="6D98C398128ED71A922424F74AA86873" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4867289356" country="Madagascar" pageNumber="950" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa">
<collectingCountry id="4BFA84B855EE401197F993516FF0E34B" name="Madagascar">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="5E90408F6B47EF51C47447EE8F3D814E" country="Madagascar" name="Fianarantsoa">Fianarantsoa Prov.</collectingRegion>
,
<quantity id="ABAD2B14E9E6C21F2D46900AC9AB95FF" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.828032" unit="mi" value="30.0">30 mi</quantity>
(
<quantity id="87B02A8E7D348B92357A9F7ACBC0F5D4" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" unit="km" value="48.0">48 km</quantity>
) S
<collectingRegion id="AEF8E13657B43149F4F970CB55F579E9" country="Madagascar" name="Fianarantsoa">Fianarantsoa</collectingRegion>
, near Vinanitelo.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="87F45E500951BDFDF28D7C6176C9ADC7" pageNumber="950" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="686D6F4DB686E88DF918EA9A0C9B3010" pageNumber="950">
<emphasis id="F913AA69C287298AD95A6EC160299FA5" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="950">Vernacular Names:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="E663CE0A4BB619CC96A0DF6F2DA59F3D" language="eng" pageNumber="950">Tanala Tufted-tailed Rat</vernacularName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="98D0B02B6E9F2138646573119345490C" pageNumber="950" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="79A98B13069C83155862978F5E4DE73C" pageNumber="950">
<emphasis id="12E1D6B53DE7B7FE24E5CEF88E44539E" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="950">Distribution:</emphasis>
Middle elevations in humid forest,
<quantity id="B82B05E3798FD52F47DA881CB350A19A" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.625" metricValueMin="0.775" unit="m" value="1200.0" valueMax="1625.0" valueMin="775.0">775-1625 m</quantity>
, from Northern Highlands to the S Anosyenne Mountains, E
<collectingCountry id="AE40542E16A522C7A2625623CBA2D062" name="Madagascar">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="398CB753BE26ACEFF66076518F9E539E" pageNumber="950" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="DB31ECE494EB34253B6C32BED5530EEC" pageNumber="950">
<emphasis id="36333A4729BE11C9129C409B27337057" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="950">Conservation:</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="268D73577A8E3890DE96DE2AEC40FE18">IUCN</collectionCode>
– Lower Risk (lc).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3DE76E59F592939F55ED075030E5D9D2" pageNumber="950" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="AB31945F05C79039BFB423E09BED15A1" pageNumber="950">
<emphasis id="C2B05472B728FF62713D9386451ED821" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="950">Discussion:</emphasis>
Distribution overlaps that of its morphologically similar congener
<taxonomicName id="16005E6EE2433F3633F000311EE6A0E1" authorityName="Ellerman" authorityYear="1949" class="Mammalia" family="Nesomyidae" genus="Eliurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="webbi">
<emphasis id="29D037CE7F6F1ABF3793C6E2EC5376B3" italics="true" pageNumber="950">E. webbi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at lower elevations. Geographic variation evaluated by
<bibRefCitation id="838E50BB5B9525175B417936BA815D69" author="Carleton, M. D. &amp; S. M. Goodman" refId="ref51771" refString="Carleton, M. D., and S. M. Goodman. 1998. New taxa of nesomyine rodents (Muroidea: Muridae) from Madagascar's northern highlands, with taxonomic comments on previously described forms. Fieldiana: Zoology, n. s., 90: 163 - 200." year="1998">Carleton and Goodman (1998)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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data/66/05/51/66055181EFE45E9CA5D057D9F2540726.xml Normal file
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a06d6982-ca06-4a79-8680-ac4cf79caa84" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180302015" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2305-2562-1-287" ID-Pensoft-UUID="0321137FE48A5A169DC4D9B172218B54" ID-ZooBank="DD1C36510E8A4F508D6632474969C0F3" ModsDocID="2305-2562-1-287" checkinTime="1615323811817" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Noort, Simon van, Smith, Rosali &amp; Coetzee, Julie A." docDate="2021" docId="66055181EFE45E9CA5D057D9F2540726" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvert 62(1): 287-314" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 62 (1)" docPubDate="2021-03-09" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842" docTitle="Chaenusa (Chaenusa) anervata van Achterberg 2012" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="0321137FE48A5A169DC4D9B172218B54" lastPageNumber="287" masterDocId="0321137FE48A5A169DC4D9B172218B54" masterDocTitle="Identity of parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae and Eulophidae) reared from aquatic leaf-mining flies (Diptera, Ephydridae) on invasive Brazilian waterweed Egeria densa in South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="314" masterPageNumber="287" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" updateTime="1632012787834" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Identity of parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae and Eulophidae) reared from aquatic leaf-mining flies (Diptera, Ephydridae) on invasive Brazilian waterweed Egeria densa in South Africa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Noort, Simon van</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6930-9741</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Research and Exhibitions Department, South African Museum, Iziko Museums of South Africa, P. O. Box 61, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa &amp; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">svannoort@iziko.org.za</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Smith, Rosali</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology and Entomology, Centre for Biological Control, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Coetzee, Julie A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology and Entomology, Centre for Biological Control, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>African Invertebrates</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-03-09</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>62</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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<mods:start>287</mods:start>
<mods:end>314</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2305-2562-1-287</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">DD1C36510E8A4F508D6632474969C0F3</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">0321137FE48A5A169DC4D9B172218B54</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="180302015" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:66055181EFE45E9CA5D057D9F2540726" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/66055181EFE45E9CA5D057D9F2540726" lastPageNumber="287" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="287" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<taxonomicName LSID="66055181-EFE4-5E9C-A5D0-57D9F2540726" authority="van Achterberg, 2012" authorityName="van Achterberg" authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Chaenusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaenusa (Chaenusa) anervata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anervata" subGenus="Chaenusa">Chaenusa (Chaenusa) anervata van Achterberg, 2012</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Chaenusa anervata Holotype female TYPH 01927 (SANC) A habitus, lateral view B habitus, dorsal view C head and mesosoma, lateral view D head and mesosoma, dorsal view E head, anterior view F head, ventrolateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518154" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Chaenusa anervata Holotype female TYPH 01927 (SANC) A propodeum and metasoma, dorsal view B propodeum and metasoma, lateral view C scutellum, metanotum and propodeum, dorsal view D first tergite, dorsal view E wings F data labels." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518155" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">, 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Chaenusa anervata Paratype male (SANC) A habitus, lateral view B habitus, dorsal view C head, anterior view D wings, inset: data labels." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518156" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">, 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Chaenusa anervata male SAM-HYM-P 092803 (SAMC) A habitus, lateral view B habitus, dorsal view C head, anterior view D wings, inset: data labels." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518157" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">, 4</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="287" type="holotype">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063636377" collectingDate="2008-11-21" collectionCode="SANC" collectorName="J. R. Baars &amp; J. A. Coetzee &amp; G. D. Martin" country="South Africa" latitude="-25.183332" location="Lydenburg" longLatPrecision="1247" longitude="30.8" municipality="Lydenburg Fisheries" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mpumalanga" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="South Africa">South Africa</collectingCountry>
• female;
<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="Mpumalanga">Mpumalanga Prov.</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Lydenburg Fisheries</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:66055181EFE45E9CA5D057D9F2540726:C77488B935DFF9F15BE7381CBF91FC38" country="South Africa" latitude="-25.183332" longLatPrecision="1247" longitude="30.8" municipality="Lydenburg Fisheries" name="Lydenburg" stateProvince="Mpumalanga">Lydenburg</location>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="25" direction="south" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-25.183332">25°11'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="30" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="30.8">30°48'E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date value="2008-11-21">
<collectingDate value="2008-11-21">21.xi.2008</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName>J.R. Baars</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>J.A. Coetzee</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>G.D. Martin</collectorName>
; ex leaf-miner
<collectedFrom>
on
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Lagarosiphon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lagarosiphon major" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="major">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Lagarosiphon major</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Lagarosiphon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Hydrocharitaceae</taxonomicName>
(
<collectionCode country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
examined).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518154" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="van Achterberg" authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Chaenusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaenusa anervata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anervata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Chaenusa anervata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
female TYPH01927 (
<collectionCode country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">A</emphasis>
habitus, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">B</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">C</emphasis>
head and mesosoma, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">D</emphasis>
head and mesosoma, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">E</emphasis>
head, anterior view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">F</emphasis>
head, ventrolateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="287" type="paratypes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063636385" collectingDate="2008-11-18" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="J. R. Baars &amp; J. A. Coetzee &amp; G. D. Martin" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.416666" location="Mearns Dam" municipality="Mooi River" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCountry name="South Africa">South Africa</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal">KwaZulu-Natal Prov.</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Mooi River</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:66055181EFE45E9CA5D057D9F2540726:7E4CBD63E7B0815E2294BEE82C8C8194" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.416666" municipality="Mooi River" name="Mearns Dam" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Mearns Dam</location>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-29.416666">29°25'S</geoCoordinate>
, 29°97'E;
<date value="2008-11-18">
<collectingDate value="2008-11-18">18.xi.2008</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName>J.R. Baars</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>J.A. Coetzee</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>G.D. Martin</collectorName>
; ex leaf-miner
<collectedFrom>
on
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Lagarosiphon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lagarosiphon major" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="major">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Lagarosiphon major</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Lagarosiphon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Hydrocharitaceae</taxonomicName>
(
<collectionCode country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
not seen)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063636364" collectingDate="2008-11-16" collectionCode="SANC" country="South Africa" latitude="-30.45" location="Farm Dam on Bushman's Nek" longLatPrecision="1221" longitude="29.233334" municipality="Underberg" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
:
<collectingMunicipality>Underberg</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:66055181EFE45E9CA5D057D9F2540726:25F0C2140C15EBEA64AC9F7A04D103EA" country="South Africa" latitude="-30.45" longLatPrecision="1221" longitude="29.233334" municipality="Underberg" name="Farm Dam on Bushman's Nek">
Farm Dam on
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bushman’s">Bushman's</normalizedToken>
Nek
</location>
road;
<geoCoordinate degrees="30" direction="south" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-30.45">30°27'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="29.233334">29°14'E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date value="2008-11-16">
<collectingDate value="2008-11-16">16.xi.2008</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectionCode country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
examined)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063636361" collectingDate="2008-11-17" collectionCode="RMNH" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.25" location="Mearns Weir" longLatPrecision="1228" longitude="29.95" municipality="Mooi River" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality>Mooi River</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:66055181EFE45E9CA5D057D9F2540726:15D615F95B438D1A52C5BF4F287F3E8B" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.25" longLatPrecision="1228" longitude="29.95" municipality="Mooi River" name="Mearns Weir">Mearns Weir</location>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-29.25">29°15'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="29.95">29°57'E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date value="2008-11-17">
<collectingDate value="2008-11-17">17.xi.2008</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectionCode country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
not seen)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518155" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="van Achterberg" authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Chaenusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaenusa anervata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anervata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Chaenusa anervata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
female TYPH01927 (
<collectionCode country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">A</emphasis>
propodeum and metasoma, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">B</emphasis>
propodeum and metasoma, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">C</emphasis>
scutellum, metanotum and propodeum, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">D</emphasis>
first tergite, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">E</emphasis>
wings
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">F</emphasis>
data labels.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="287" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Other material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063636346" collectingDate="2019-06" collectionCode="SAMC" collectorName="R. Smith" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.539263" location="Midmar Dam" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.194485" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">
<collectingCountry name="South Africa">South Africa</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:66055181EFE45E9CA5D057D9F2540726:F80AC143FB6FCACB69C237A06DE1A647" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.539263" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.194485" name="Midmar Dam" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Midmar Dam</location>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="21.35" value="-29.539263">29°32'21.35&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="30" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="40.15" value="30.194485">30°11'40.15&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date value="2019-06">
<collectingDate value="2019-06">June 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName>R. Smith</collectorName>
, Collected from
<taxonomicName class="Equisetopsida" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Egeria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Egeria densa" order="Alismatales" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="densa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Egeria densa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
infestation with
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrellia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrellia egeriae" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="egeriae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Hydrellia egeriae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
pupae, reared in lab, MDMR-FOR-R05, SAM-HYM-P092803 (
<collectionCode country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="287" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
Parasitoid of aquatic leaf-mining flies (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zetterstedt" authorityYear="1837" class="Hexapoda" family="Ephydridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ephydridae</taxonomicName>
):
<taxonomicName authorityName="Deeming" authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrellia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrellia lagarosiphon" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagarosiphon">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Hydrellia lagarosiphon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Lagarosiphon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lagarosiphon major" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="major">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Lagarosiphon major</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Lagarosiphon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Hydrocharitaceae</taxonomicName>
) and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrellia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrellia egeriae" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="egeriae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Hydrellia egeriae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on
<taxonomicName class="Equisetopsida" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Egeria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Egeria densa" order="Alismatales" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="densa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Egeria densa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Equisetopsida" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Egeria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Alismatales" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="family">Hydrocharitaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518156" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="van Achterberg" authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Chaenusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaenusa anervata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anervata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Chaenusa anervata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus>Paratype</typeStatus>
male (
<collectionCode country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">A</emphasis>
habitus, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">B</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">C</emphasis>
head, anterior view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">D</emphasis>
wings, inset: data labels.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="287" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<collectingCountry name="South Africa">South Africa</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="287" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
According to van
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4001/003.020.0116" author="Achterberg, C van" journalOrPublisher="African Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" pagination="124 - 133" refId="B1" refString="Achterberg, C van, Prinsloo, GL, 2012. Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Opiinae, Alysiinae) reared from aquatic leaf-mining Diptera on Lagarosiphon major (Hydrocharitaceae) in South Africa. African Entomology 20 (1): 124 - 133, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4001/003.020.0116" title="Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Opiinae, Alysiinae) reared from aquatic leaf-mining Diptera on Lagarosiphon major (Hydrocharitaceae) in South Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.4001/003.020.0116" volume="20" year="2012">Achterberg and Prinsloo (2012)</bibRefCitation>
, this species is similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Chaenusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaenusa glabra" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glabra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Chaenusa glabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kula, 2009 (
<collectingCountry name="India">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry name="Pakistan">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
), which has a two-segmented labial palp (three-segmented in
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. anervata" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" rank="species" species="anervata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">C. anervata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. seminervata" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" rank="species" species="seminervata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">C. seminervata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), females with 12-14 antennal segments (at least
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" unit="in" value="15.0">15 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. anervata" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" rank="species" species="anervata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">C. anervata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.318" metricValueMax="4.572" metricValueMin="4.064" unit="in" value="17.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="16.0">16-18 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. seminervata" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" rank="species" species="seminervata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">C. seminervata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and males with 14-17 segments (
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.588" unit="in" value="22.0">22 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. anervata" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" rank="species" species="anervata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">C. anervata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.207" metricValueMax="6.096" metricValueMin="4.318" unit="in" value="20.5" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="17.0">17-24 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. seminervata" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" rank="species" species="seminervata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">C. seminervata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The body is brown or brownish-yellow as opposed to black in
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. anervata" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" rank="species" species="anervata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">C. anervata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. seminervata" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" rank="species" species="seminervata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">C. seminervata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(van
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4001/003.020.0116" author="Achterberg, C van" journalOrPublisher="African Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" pagination="124 - 133" refId="B1" refString="Achterberg, C van, Prinsloo, GL, 2012. Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Opiinae, Alysiinae) reared from aquatic leaf-mining Diptera on Lagarosiphon major (Hydrocharitaceae) in South Africa. African Entomology 20 (1): 124 - 133, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4001/003.020.0116" title="Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Opiinae, Alysiinae) reared from aquatic leaf-mining Diptera on Lagarosiphon major (Hydrocharitaceae) in South Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.4001/003.020.0116" volume="20" year="2012">Achterberg and Prinsloo 2012</bibRefCitation>
). Other sexually dimorphic characters in
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. anervata" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" rank="species" species="anervata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">C. anervata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
encompass the forewing pterostigma, which is light brown in females and dark brown in males; the male first metasomal tergite is generally longer (1.1-1.3 times its apical width) than in the female (1.1 times apical width) (van
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4001/003.020.0116" author="Achterberg, C van" journalOrPublisher="African Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" pagination="124 - 133" refId="B1" refString="Achterberg, C van, Prinsloo, GL, 2012. Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Opiinae, Alysiinae) reared from aquatic leaf-mining Diptera on Lagarosiphon major (Hydrocharitaceae) in South Africa. African Entomology 20 (1): 124 - 133, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4001/003.020.0116" title="Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Opiinae, Alysiinae) reared from aquatic leaf-mining Diptera on Lagarosiphon major (Hydrocharitaceae) in South Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.4001/003.020.0116" volume="20" year="2012">Achterberg and Prinsloo 2012</bibRefCitation>
); in addition, the compound eyes in females converge far more strongly (narrowest ventral width of face 0.55
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
broadest dorsal width) towards the clypeus than in the males (narrowest ventral width of face 0.90
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
broadest dorsal width); however, the overall relative dimensions of the face relative to the broadest width just below the toruli are equivalent in the two sexes, being slightly wider than high (females H:W = 9:10; males H:W = 10:11).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518157" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="van Achterberg" authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Chaenusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaenusa anervata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anervata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">Chaenusa anervata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male SAM-HYM-P
<date value="03-09-28">092803</date>
(
<collectionCode country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">A</emphasis>
habitus, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">B</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">C</emphasis>
head, anterior view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="287">D</emphasis>
wings, inset: data labels.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

311
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<mods:affiliation id="5F531A081894D2E5F37CF72A0D7AD055">Laboratório de Pesquisa em Monitoramento Ambiental Marinho (LAPMAR), Grupo de Estudos de Nematoda Aquáticos (GENAQ), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil; &amp; Laboratório de Invertebrados Aquáticos (LIA), Coordenação de Zoologia, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG), Belém, Brazil;</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="768DF26E2A29A4E94B21FC8E1B1F958E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="BE161B89D42ECBA222289E505F00D372">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F8C2C4E3D15EFC7A01333A36EC0D400F">Aviz, Daiane</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2ED2FAE1A0E9537B5C29D4EFFEF62A41">Laboratório de Invertebrados Aquáticos (LIA), Coordenação de Zoologia, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG), Belém, Brazil;</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="A74E6D4F8D577FE48EAA3D050327D7A2" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C2F37AABDF0253305DE0AA59A2A501FB">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5F58CE84C46BB5DB1B8BB9B4CECF5804">Filho, José Souto Rosa</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="EA58EA83081D4DFA97E7F03AEEB2C4FF">Laboratório de Bentos, Departamento de Oceanografia, Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="5110F9BEC9043A2E44DA08236A55EEF2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="E3766E5F45E94D377207288C6214D970">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="E353E12708D349BB7813CCF3346DDED1">
<mods:date id="3A17DF84E5ACC04E236C47D9D278E7B8">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="3FAC01FBC22D6E1F0069A920FBF77C00" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="CA6203677F1F7D07356BF940EE181BE1">2024-02-26</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="0912CDCA515E1E2923E72E6EF10F8375" type="volume">
<mods:number id="EFBCB61431FA655609F4A6547EB96E67">58</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="60952ECB0DCB555A3B51A2E9AC927391" type="issue">
<mods:number id="C7C070F662DF368A993EB46CADC00D7F">1 - 4</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="B41579CC88A96229C8C88D9D73F6CA12" unit="page">
<mods:start id="13B642F3F5CEA68047417A9DB061E8B0">218</mods:start>
<mods:end id="1F5C4A5174EB48C5E50E962DB80863D7">235</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="AB9055C95FCB73285F07E424192B7FEF">
<mods:url id="8B42DE5EA6D38EA4C711AB5501957EA9">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2311438</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="EB6FB592A0A1A1652CAFC446F000035C">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="13CB47015C294BEA7EB115638CE80A1C" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2024.2311438</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C4A24F8875C76833EF3E20A1F170108A" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="66057A21FFB5FFF9F59FD3F3FBB36CBF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:66057A21FFB5FFF9F59FD3F3FBB36CBF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/66057A21FFB5FFF9F59FD3F3FBB36CBF" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="228" pageId="9" pageNumber="226">
<subSubSection id="A6B698BCFFB5FFFBF59FD3F3FD8E6CE8" box="[160,606,1507,1533]" pageId="9" pageNumber="226" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="EE13CB37FFB5FFFBF59FD3F3FD8E6CE8" blockId="9.[160,606,1507,1533]" box="[160,606,1507,1533]" pageId="9" pageNumber="226">
<heading id="B55B7C5BFFB5FFFBF59FD3F3FD8E6CE8" bold="true" box="[160,606,1507,1533]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="226" reason="3">
<emphasis id="DCD81725FFB5FFFBF59FD3F3FD8E6CE8" bold="true" box="[160,606,1507,1533]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="226">
<taxonomicName id="29ACB0B4FFB5FFFBF59FD3F3FE186CE8" baseAuthorityName="Felder and Rodrigues" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[160,456,1507,1533]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callianassidae" genus="Lepidophthalmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siriboia">Lepidophtalmus siriboia</taxonomicName>
distribution
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B698BCFFB5FFF9F59FD008FBB36CBF" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="228" pageId="9" pageNumber="226" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EE13CB37FFB5FFF9F59FD008FD1C69DF" blockId="9.[160,1156,1554,1724]" lastBlockId="11.[160,1156,142,1450]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="228" pageId="9" pageNumber="226">
The density of
<taxonomicName id="29ACB0B4FFB5FFFBF477D008FE606F24" baseAuthorityName="Felder and Rodrigues" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[328,432,1560,1585]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callianassidae" genus="Lepidophthalmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siriboia">
<emphasis id="DCD81725FFB5FFFBF477D008FE606F24" box="[328,432,1560,1585]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="226">L. siriboia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(31.7 ± 34.1 burrows.m −2) estimated by counting open burrows on Fortalezinha beach is similar to the values found by
<bibRefCitation id="8A3DB6C6FFB5FFFBF630D02BFB546F41" author="Silva DC &amp; Martinelli-Lemos JM" box="[783,1156,1595,1620]" pageId="9" pageNumber="226" pagination="144 - 158" refId="ref10669" refString="Silva DC, Martinelli-Lemos JM. 2012. Species composition and abundance of the benthic community of Axiidea and Gebiidea (Crustacea: decapoda) in the Marapanim Bay, Amazon estuary, Northern Brazil. Zoologia. 29: 144 - 158." type="journal article" year="2012">Silva and Martinelli-Lemos (2012)</bibRefCitation>
for the Amazon coast using physical removal (suction pump – ghost shrimp pump). Counts of burrow openings have also been used to indirectly estimate the numbers of ghost shrimp (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3DB6C6FFB5FFFBF475D0B3FDEE6FA9" author="Hanekom N &amp; Baird D &amp; Erasmus T" box="[330,574,1699,1724]" pageId="9" pageNumber="226" pagination="163 - 174" refId="ref8229" refString="Hanekom N, Baird D, Erasmus T. 1988. A quantitative study to assess standing biomass of macrobenthos in soft substrata of the Swartkops estuary in South Africa. Afr J Mar Sci. 6: 163 - 174. doi: 10. 2989 / 025776188784480500." type="journal article" year="1988">
Hanekom
<emphasis id="DCD81725FFB5FFFBF4FCD0B3FE276FA9" box="[451,503,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="226">et al</emphasis>
. 1988
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8A3DB6C6FFB5FFFBF770D0B3FCAF6FA9" author="Griffis RB &amp; Suchanek TH" box="[591,895,1699,1724]" pageId="9" pageNumber="226" pagination="171 - 183" refId="ref8187" refString="Griffis RB, Suchanek TH. 1991. A model of burrow architecture and trophic modes in thalassinidean shrimp (Decapoda: Thalassinidea). Mar Ecol-Progr Ser. 79: 171 - 183. doi: 10.3354 / meps 079171." type="book chapter" year="1991">Griffis and Suchanek 1991</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8A3DB6C6FFB5FFF8F6AFD0B3FF346F6C" author="McPhee DP &amp; Skilleter GA" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="227" pageId="9" pageNumber="226" pagination="133 - 141" refId="ref8828" refString="McPhee DP, Skilleter GA. 2002 a. Aspects of the biology of the yabby Trypea australiensis (Dana) (Decapoda: thalassinidea) and the potential of burrow counts as an indirect measure of population density. Hydrobiologia. 485: 133 - 141. doi: 10.1023 / A: 1021342306936." type="journal article" year="2002">McPhee and Skilleter 2002a</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8A3DB6C6FFB6FFF8F5CED070FE136F6C" author="Sumida PYG &amp; Guth AZ &amp; Quintana CO &amp; Pires-Vanin AMS" box="[241,451,1632,1657]" pageId="10" pageNumber="227" pagination="1032" refId="ref10864" refString="Sumida PYG, Guth AZ, Quintana CO, Pires-Vanin AMS. 2020. Distribution and sediment selection by the Mud Shrimp Upogebia noronhensis (Crustacea: Thalassinidea) and the potential effects on the associated macroinfaunal community. J Mar Sci Eng. 8: 1032. doi: 10.3390 / jmse 8121032." type="journal article" year="2020">
Sumida
<emphasis id="DCD81725FFB6FFF8F471D070FEAF6F6C" box="[334,383,1632,1657]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">et al</emphasis>
. 2020
</bibRefCitation>
). Whereas this indirect method may cast doubt over previous unconfirmed estimates of population sizes (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3DB6C6FFB6FFF8F7A8D092FC136F8E" author="Griffis RB &amp; Suchanek TH" box="[663,963,1666,1691]" pageId="10" pageNumber="227" pagination="171 - 183" refId="ref8187" refString="Griffis RB, Suchanek TH. 1991. A model of burrow architecture and trophic modes in thalassinidean shrimp (Decapoda: Thalassinidea). Mar Ecol-Progr Ser. 79: 171 - 183. doi: 10.3354 / meps 079171." type="book chapter" year="1991">Griffis and Suchanek 1991</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8A3DB6C6FFB6FFF8F6EDD092FEC86FAB" author="Rotherham D &amp; West RJ" pageId="10" pageNumber="227" pagination="165 - 175" refId="ref10006" refString="Rotherham D, West RJ. 2007. Spatial and temporal patterns of abundance and recruitment of ghost shrimp Trypaea australiensis across hierarchical scales in South-Eastern Australia. Mar Ecol Prog Ser. 341: 165 - 175. doi: 10.3354 / meps 341165." type="book chapter" year="2007">
<collectingRegion id="2C6805D5FFB6FFF8F6EDD092FB9F6F8E" box="[978,1103,1666,1691]" country="United Kingdom" name="Rotherham" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">Rotherham</collectingRegion>
and West 2007
</bibRefCitation>
), it is recommended when determining absolute abundances of cryptic and burrowing marine invertebrates is impractical and may also lead to considerable environmental disturbance (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3DB6C6FFB7FFF9F4B8D6A1FD1069DF" author="McPhee DP &amp; Skilleter GA" box="[391,704,177,202]" pageId="11" pageNumber="228" pagination="133 - 141" refId="ref8828" refString="McPhee DP, Skilleter GA. 2002 a. Aspects of the biology of the yabby Trypea australiensis (Dana) (Decapoda: thalassinidea) and the potential of burrow counts as an indirect measure of population density. Hydrobiologia. 485: 133 - 141. doi: 10.1023 / A: 1021342306936." type="journal article" year="2002">McPhee and Skilleter 2002a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="BAD39BBFFFB6FFF8F59FD247FDAA6DD3" pageId="10" pageNumber="227" startId="10.[160,225,1111,1134]" targetBox="[167,1149,145,1076]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="EE13CB37FFB6FFF8F59FD247FDAA6DD3" blockId="10.[160,1155,1111,1222]" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">
<emphasis id="DCD81725FFB6FFF8F59FD247FF2C6D7B" bold="true" box="[160,252,1111,1134]" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">Figure 5.</emphasis>
Plot of the principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) of the samples of macrocrobenthic fauna collected from the two areas (Area 1: muddy sediment – next to a tidal channel, Area 2: sandy sediment). The vectors represent species with Spearman correlation values greater than 0.5. Samples from Area 1 and Area 2 were 68.34% dissimilar.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="BAD39BBFFFB6FFF8F580D310FC676C47" pageId="10" pageNumber="227" startId="10.[191,247,1280,1303]" targetBox="[201,1114,1374,1580]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="10" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="EE13CB37FFB6FFF8F580D310FC676C47" blockId="10.[191,1124,1274,1362]" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">
<emphasis id="DCD81725FFB6FFF8F580D310FEC06C02" bold="true" box="[191,272,1280,1303]" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">Table 4.</emphasis>
Similarity percentage (SIMPER) results showing the mean density (ind./m2 ± standard error) of the macrobenthic taxa that most contributed most to the dissimilarity between areas (Area 1: muddy sediment – next to a tidal channel, Area 2: sandy sediment).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="EE13CB37FFB6FFF8F7AED34EFB836F39" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">
<table id="9CAC3997FFB6000DF5F6D34EFB8A6F39" box="[201,1114,1374,1580]" gridcols="5" gridrows="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">
<tr id="509CC975FFB6000DF5F6D34EFB8A6C67" box="[201,1114,1374,1394]" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">
<th id="134DA009FFB6000DF5F6D34EFB8A6C67" box="[201,1114,1374,1394]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">Average dissimilarity = 68.34%</th>
</tr>
<tr id="509CC975FFB6000DF5F6D390FB8A6C81" box="[201,1114,1408,1428]" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">
<th id="134DA009FFB6000DF5F6D390FEBA6C81" box="[201,362,1408,1428]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">Taxa</th>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF4F5D390FDF86C81" box="[458,552,1408,1428]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">Area 1</td>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF7B7D390FD376C81" box="[648,743,1408,1428]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">Area 2</td>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF679D390FC106C81" box="[838,960,1408,1428]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">Contribution%</td>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF120D390FB8A6C81" box="[1055,1114,1408,1428]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">Cum.%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="509CC975FFB6000DF5F6D3B0FB8A6CA1" box="[201,1114,1440,1460]" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">
<th id="134DA009FFB6000DF5F6D3B0FEBA6CA1" box="[201,362,1440,1460]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">
<taxonomicName id="29ACB0B4FFB6FFF8F5F6D3B0FEE96CA1" box="[201,313,1440,1460]" class="Polychaeta" family="Magelonidae" genus="Magelona" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="227" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="DCD81725FFB6FFF8F5F6D3B0FEC96CA1" box="[201,281,1440,1460]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">Magelona</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF4F5D3B0FDF86CA1" box="[458,552,1440,1460]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">4.91 ± 0.65</td>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF7B7D3B0FD376CA1" box="[648,743,1440,1460]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">0.51 ± 0.32</td>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF679D3B0FC106CA1" box="[838,960,1440,1460]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">14.48</td>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF120D3B0FB8A6CA1" box="[1055,1114,1440,1460]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">14.48</td>
</tr>
<tr id="509CC975FFB6000DF5F6D3A8FB8A6CD9" box="[201,1114,1464,1484]" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">
<th id="134DA009FFB6000DF5F6D3A8FEBA6CD9" box="[201,362,1464,1484]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">
<taxonomicName id="29ACB0B4FFB6FFF8F5F6D3A8FE836CD9" box="[201,339,1464,1484]" class="Polychaeta" family="Capitellidae" genus="Mediomastus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="227" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="DCD81725FFB6FFF8F5F6D3A8FEE46CD9" box="[201,308,1464,1484]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">Mediomastus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF4F5D3A8FDF86CD9" box="[458,552,1464,1484]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">5.85 ± 0.47</td>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF7B7D3A8FD376CD9" box="[648,743,1464,1484]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">3.40 ± 0.64</td>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF679D3A8FC106CD9" box="[838,960,1464,1484]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">10.84</td>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF120D3A8FB8A6CD9" box="[1055,1114,1464,1484]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">25.32</td>
</tr>
<tr id="509CC975FFB6000DF5F6D3C0FB8A6CF1" box="[201,1114,1488,1508]" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">
<th id="134DA009FFB6000DF5F6D3C0FEBA6CF1" box="[201,362,1488,1508]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">
<taxonomicName id="29ACB0B4FFB6FFF8F5F6D3C0FE9A6CF1" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[201,330,1488,1508]" class="Polychaeta" family="Pilargidae" genus="Sigambra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="10" pageNumber="227" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="grubii">
<emphasis id="DCD81725FFB6FFF8F5F6D3C0FE9A6CF1" box="[201,330,1488,1508]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">Sigambra grubii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF4F5D3C0FDF86CF1" box="[458,552,1488,1508]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">4.94 ± 0.45</td>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF7B7D3C0FD376CF1" box="[648,743,1488,1508]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">2.70 ± 0.50</td>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF679D3C0FC106CF1" box="[838,960,1488,1508]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">9.68</td>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF120D3C0FB8A6CF1" box="[1055,1114,1488,1508]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">34.99</td>
</tr>
<tr id="509CC975FFB6000DF5F6D3F8FB8A6CE9" box="[201,1114,1512,1532]" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">
<th id="134DA009FFB6000DF5F6D3F8FEBA6CE9" box="[201,362,1512,1532]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">
<taxonomicName id="29ACB0B4FFB6FFF8F5F6D3F8FEF36CE9" box="[201,291,1512,1532]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pinnotheridae" genus="Pinnixa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="DCD81725FFB6FFF8F5F6D3F8FED46CE9" box="[201,260,1512,1532]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">Pinnixa</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF4F5D3F8FDF86CE9" box="[458,552,1512,1532]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">1.63 ± 0.50</td>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF7B7D3F8FD376CE9" box="[648,743,1512,1532]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">1.57 ± 0.54</td>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF679D3F8FC106CE9" box="[838,960,1512,1532]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">5.97</td>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF120D3F8FB8A6CE9" box="[1055,1114,1512,1532]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">40.97</td>
</tr>
<tr id="509CC975FFB6000DF5F6D010FB8A6F01" box="[201,1114,1536,1556]" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">
<th id="134DA009FFB6000DF5F6D010FEBA6F01" box="[201,362,1536,1556]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">
<taxonomicName id="29ACB0B4FFB6FFF8F5F6D010FEBA6F01" baseAuthorityName="Berkeley &amp; Berkeley" baseAuthorityYear="1941" box="[201,362,1536,1556]" class="Polychaeta" family="Pilargidae" genus="Hermundura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="10" pageNumber="227" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fauveli">
<emphasis id="DCD81725FFB6FFF8F5F6D010FEBA6F01" box="[201,362,1536,1556]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">Hermundura fauveli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF4F5D010FDF86F01" box="[458,552,1536,1556]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">1.83 ± 0.49</td>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF7B7D010FD376F01" box="[648,743,1536,1556]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">0.77 ± 0.37</td>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF679D010FC106F01" box="[838,960,1536,1556]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">5.51</td>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF120D010FB8A6F01" box="[1055,1114,1536,1556]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">46.47</td>
</tr>
<tr id="509CC975FFB6000DF5F6D008FB8A6F39" box="[201,1114,1560,1580]" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">
<th id="134DA009FFB6000DF5F6D008FEBA6F39" box="[201,362,1560,1580]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">Nemertea</th>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF4F5D008FDF86F39" box="[458,552,1560,1580]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">1.67 ± 0.44</td>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF7B7D008FD376F39" box="[648,743,1560,1580]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">1.00 ± 0.41</td>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF679D008FC106F39" box="[838,960,1560,1580]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">5.28</td>
<td id="134DA009FFB6000DF120D008FB8A6F39" box="[1055,1114,1560,1580]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="227">51.75</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE13CB37FFB7FFF9F5FFD6C4FE086A2F" blockId="11.[160,1156,142,1450]" pageId="11" pageNumber="228">
Although there may be some concern when comparing abundance estimates of crustaceans that tunnel deeply into the seafloor, beaches or mudflats, the density of
<taxonomicName id="29ACB0B4FFB7FFF9F139D6E6FBB8681A" baseAuthorityName="Felder and Rodrigues" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[1030,1128,246,271]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callianassidae" genus="Lepidophthalmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siriboia">
<emphasis id="DCD81725FFB7FFF9F139D6E6FBB8681A" box="[1030,1128,246,271]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="228">L. siriboia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the present study was higher than in other areas of the Brazilian coast (eg
<bibRefCitation id="8A3DB6C6FFB7FFF9F6DCD709FEE36840" author="Rodrigues SA &amp; Shimizu RM" pageId="11" pageNumber="228" pagination="155 - 170" refId="ref9768" refString="Rodrigues SA, Shimizu RM. 1997. Autoecologia de Callichirus major (Say, 1818). In: Absalao RS, Esteves AM, editors. Ecologia de praias arenosas do litoral brasileiro. Volume III. Oecologia Brasiliensis; p. 155 - 170." type="book chapter" year="1997">Rodrigues and Shimizu 1997</bibRefCitation>
;
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). The abundance and distribution patterns of callianassids in intertidal areas are mainly driven by sediment grain size (
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;
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,
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;
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Oliveira
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), temperature and water salinity (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3DB6C6FFB7FFF9F72BD7B4FD4868A8" author="Posey MH" box="[532,664,420,445]" pageId="11" pageNumber="228" refId="ref9622" refString="Posey MH. 1986. Changes in a benthic community associated with dense beds of a burrowing deposit feeder, Callianassa californiensis. Mar Ecol Prog Ser. 31: 15 e 22. doi: 10.3354 / meps 031015." type="book" year="1986">Posey 1986</bibRefCitation>
; Berkenbush and Rowden 1998;
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), beach morphodynamics (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3DB6C6FFB7FFF9F7DDD7D6FC5068CA" author="Pezzuto PR" box="[738,896,454,479]" pageId="11" pageNumber="228" pagination="89 - 109" refId="ref9539" refString="Pezzuto PR. 1998. Population dynamics of Sergio mirim (Rodrigues 1971) (Decapoda: Thalassinidea: Callianassidae) in Cassino Beach, Southern Brazil. Mar Ecol. 19: 89 - 109. doi: 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485. 1998. tb 00456. x." type="journal article" year="1998">Pezzuto 1998</bibRefCitation>
; Alves and Rodrigues 2000), food availability (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3DB6C6FFB7FFF9F49AD7F9FD336B17" author="Rodrigues SA &amp; Shimizu RM" box="[421,739,489,514]" pageId="11" pageNumber="228" pagination="155 - 170" refId="ref9768" refString="Rodrigues SA, Shimizu RM. 1997. Autoecologia de Callichirus major (Say, 1818). In: Absalao RS, Esteves AM, editors. Ecologia de praias arenosas do litoral brasileiro. Volume III. Oecologia Brasiliensis; p. 155 - 170." type="book chapter" year="1997">Rodrigues and Shimizu 1997</bibRefCitation>
), and extraction for bait use (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3DB6C6FFB7FFF9F115D7F9FEA46B30" author="McPhee DP &amp; Skilleter GA" pageId="11" pageNumber="228" pagination="93 - 101" refId="ref8884" refString="McPhee DP, Skilleter GA. 2002 b. Harvesting of intertidal animals for bait for use in a recreational fishing competition. Proc R Soc Queensland. 110: 93 - 101." type="journal article" year="2002">McPhee and Skilleter 2002b</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8A3DB6C6FFB7FFF9F4BED41CFD776B30" author="Botter-Carvalho ML &amp; Santos PJP &amp; Carvalho PVVC" box="[385,679,524,549]" pageId="11" pageNumber="228" pagination="508 - 516" refId="ref7099" refString="Botter-Carvalho ML, Santos PJP, Carvalho PVVC. 2007. Population dynamics of Callichirus major (Say, 1818) (Crustacea, Thalassinidea) on a beach in Northeastern Brazil. Estuarine Coastal Shelf Sci. 71: 508 - 516. doi: 10.1016 / j. ecss. 2006.09.001." type="journal article" year="2007">
Botter-Carvalho
<emphasis id="DCD81725FFB7FFF9F70BD41CFDB46B30" box="[564,612,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="228">et al</emphasis>
. 2007
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; Moscheto
<emphasis id="DCD81725FFB7FFF9F618D41CFC876B30" box="[807,855,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="228">et al</emphasis>
. 2020). High abundance of
<taxonomicName id="29ACB0B4FFB7FFF9F59FD43EFED46B52" baseAuthorityName="Felder and Rodrigues" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[160,260,558,583]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callianassidae" genus="Lepidophthalmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siriboia">
<emphasis id="DCD81725FFB7FFF9F59FD43EFED46B52" box="[160,260,558,583]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="228">L. siriboia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
generally occurs in areas with fine and rich organic matter and flat slopes (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3DB6C6FFB7FFF9F17FD43EFEBB6B7F" author="Souza JRB &amp; Borzone CA" pageId="11" pageNumber="228" pagination="625 - 630" refId="ref10787" refString="Souza JRB, Borzone CA. 2003. A extraCao de corrupto, Callichirus major (Say) (Crustacea, Thalassinidea), para uso como isca em praias do litoral do Parana: as populaCOes exploradas. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia. 20 (4): 625 - 630. doi: 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81752003000400011." type="journal article" year="2003">Souza and Borzone 2003</bibRefCitation>
), as in most sandy beaches of Algodoal-Maiandeua Island (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3DB6C6FFB7FFF9F13BD441FBA76B7F" author="Silva PVM" box="[1028,1143,593,618]" pageId="11" pageNumber="228" refId="ref10625" refString="Silva PVM (2015) Estudo da morfodinamica sazonal e quantificaCao de transporte sedimentar costeiro nas praias de Fortalezinha e Princesa, Algodoal / Maiandeua (nordeste do estado do Para) [MSc Thesis]. Belem: Universidade Federal do Para." type="book" year="2015">Silva 2015</bibRefCitation>
), where estuaries contribute to a large input of sediments, dissolved nutrients and organic material to the beaches (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3DB6C6FFB7FFF9F48BD486FD066BBA" author="Araujo da Silva C &amp; Souza-Filho PWM &amp; Rodrigues SWP" box="[436,726,662,687]" pageId="11" pageNumber="228" pagination="619 - 663" refId="ref6498" refString="Araujo da Silva C, Souza-Filho PWM, Rodrigues SWP. 2009. Morphology and modern sedimentary deposits of the macrotidal Marapanim Estuary (Amazon, Brazil). Cont Shelf Res. 29 (3): 619 - 663. doi: 10.1016 / j. csr. 2008.09.018." type="journal article" year="2009">
Araujo da Silva
<emphasis id="DCD81725FFB7FFF9F75CD486FD436BBA" box="[611,659,662,687]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="228">et al</emphasis>
. 2009
</bibRefCitation>
). On the Amazon coast, the equatorial tropical climate maintains relatively high and stable temperatures, which support high levels of productivity throughout the year (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3DB6C6FFB7FFF9F750D4CCFCF26BE0" author="Costa VB &amp; Sousa EB &amp; Pinheiro SCC &amp; Pereira LCC &amp; da Costa RM" box="[623,802,732,757]" pageId="11" pageNumber="228" pagination="354 - 358" refId="ref7557" refString="Costa VB, Sousa EB, Pinheiro SCC, Pereira LCC, da Costa RM. 2011. Effects of a high energy coastal environment on the structure and dynamics of phytoplankton communities (Brazilian Amazon littoral). J Coastal Res SI. 64: 354 - 358." type="journal article" year="2011">
<collectingRegion id="2C6805D5FFB7FFF9F750D4CCFD7E6BE0" box="[623,686,732,757]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="11" pageNumber="228">Costa</collectingRegion>
<emphasis id="DCD81725FFB7FFF9F78BD4CCFD316BE0" box="[692,737,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="228">et al</emphasis>
. 2011
</bibRefCitation>
). In addition, Fortalezinha beach is conserved, with a low level of anthropic disturbance, and ghost shrimp populations are not harvested on the island.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE13CB37FFB7FFF9F5FFD554FBB36CBF" blockId="11.[160,1156,142,1450]" pageId="11" pageNumber="228">
Significantly higher densities of
<taxonomicName id="29ACB0B4FFB7FFF9F712D554FD466A48" baseAuthorityName="Felder and Rodrigues" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[557,662,836,861]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callianassidae" genus="Lepidophthalmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siriboia">
<emphasis id="DCD81725FFB7FFF9F712D554FD466A48" box="[557,662,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="228">L. siriboia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurred in Area 1, and in both areas they increased towards the lower intertidal zone. This difference appears to be related to differences in the natural characteristics of each area. Area 1 is more sheltered and closer to a tidal channel (Furo Velho), which naturally allows the deposition of finer sediments. Conversely, Area 2 is situated in a more exposed part of the beach with a high influence of currents and waves, which resuspend more bottom sediments and may increase turbulence, erosion rates and prevent the deposition of finer sediment grains (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3DB6C6FFB7FFF9F6CDD204FF076D5A" author="Pereira LCC &amp; Sozinho da Silva NI &amp; da Costa RM &amp; Asp NE &amp; da Costa KG &amp; Vila-Concejo A" pageId="11" pageNumber="228" pagination="95 - 106" refId="ref9386" refString="Pereira LCC, Sozinho da Silva NI, da Costa RM, Asp NE, da Costa KG, Vila-Concejo A. 2012. Seasonal changes in oceanographic processes at an equatorial macrotidal beach in Northern Brazil. Cont Shelf Res. 43: 95 - 106. doi: 10.1016 / j. csr. 2012.05.003." type="journal article" year="2012">
Pereira
<emphasis id="DCD81725FFB7FFF9F174D204FBAE6D38" box="[1099,1150,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="228">et al</emphasis>
. 2012
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8A3DB6C6FFB7FFF9F5DCD226FE846D5A" author="Silva PVM" box="[227,340,1078,1103]" pageId="11" pageNumber="228" refId="ref10625" refString="Silva PVM (2015) Estudo da morfodinamica sazonal e quantificaCao de transporte sedimentar costeiro nas praias de Fortalezinha e Princesa, Algodoal / Maiandeua (nordeste do estado do Para) [MSc Thesis]. Belem: Universidade Federal do Para." type="book" year="2015">Silva 2015</bibRefCitation>
). Increasing densities towards the low intertidal zone were also recorded in a previous study with
<taxonomicName id="29ACB0B4FFB7FFF9F493D249FDC26D67" baseAuthorityName="Felder and Rodrigues" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[428,530,1113,1138]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callianassidae" genus="Lepidophthalmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siriboia">
<emphasis id="DCD81725FFB7FFF9F493D249FDC26D67" box="[428,530,1113,1138]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="228">L. siriboia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="29ACB0B4FFB7FFF9F778D249FCC26D67" authorityName="Ngoc-Ho" authorityYear="1989" box="[583,786,1113,1138]" class="Malacostraca" family="Upogebiidae" genus="Upogebia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vasquezi">
<emphasis id="DCD81725FFB7FFF9F778D249FCC26D67" box="[583,786,1113,1138]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="228">Upogebia vasquezi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Amazonian coastal areas (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3DB6C6FFB7FFF9F171D249FE176D80" author="Silva DC &amp; Martinelli-Lemos JM" pageId="11" pageNumber="228" pagination="144 - 158" refId="ref10669" refString="Silva DC, Martinelli-Lemos JM. 2012. Species composition and abundance of the benthic community of Axiidea and Gebiidea (Crustacea: decapoda) in the Marapanim Bay, Amazon estuary, Northern Brazil. Zoologia. 29: 144 - 158." type="journal article" year="2012">Silva and Martinelli-Lemos 2012</bibRefCitation>
). The benthic organisms that inhabit sandy beaches are usually distributed differently across the intertidal zone, as a response to abrupt environmental gradients present in this area (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3DB6C6FFB7FFF9F733D2D1FC9C6DCF" author="Defeo O &amp; McLachlan A" box="[524,844,1217,1242]" pageId="11" pageNumber="228" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref7843" refString="Defeo O, McLachlan A. 2005. Patterns, processes and regulatory mechanisms in sandy beach macrofauna: a multi-scale analysis. Mar Ecol Prog Ser. 295: 1 - 20. doi: 10.3354 / meps 295001." type="book chapter" year="2005">Defeo and McLachlan 2005</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8A3DB6C6FFB7FFF9F662D2D1FF346DE8" author="Schlacher T &amp; Thompson L" pageId="11" pageNumber="228" pagination="119 - 129" refId="ref10589" refString="Schlacher T, Thompson L. 2013 a. Environmental control of community organization on ocean-exposed sandy beaches. Mar Freshwater Res. 64: 119 - 129. doi: 10.1071 / MF 12172." type="journal article" year="2013">Schlacher and Thompson 2013a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="8A3DB6C6FFB7FFF9F5CCD2F4FEE96DE8" author="Schlacher TA &amp; Thompson L" box="[243,313,1252,1277]" pageId="11" pageNumber="228" pagination="43 - 55" refId="ref10548" refString="Schlacher TA, Thompson L. 2013 b. Spatial structure on ocean-exposed sandy beaches: faunal zonation metrics and their variability. Mar Ecol Prog Ser. 478: 43 - 55. doi: 10.3354 / meps 10205." type="book chapter" year="2013">2013b</bibRefCitation>
). This increase towards the sea is probably a response to the increase in sediment moisture, which decreases the risk of desiccation (in the HT zone), and the dependence of feeding activities in most macrofaunal species on tidal submergence (McLachlan and Jaramillo 1995;
<bibRefCitation id="8A3DB6C6FFB7FFF9F73FD35CFCC76C70" author="Armonies W &amp; Reise K" box="[512,791,1356,1381]" pageId="11" pageNumber="228" pagination="49 - 57" refId="ref6550" refString="Armonies W, Reise K. 2000. Faunal diversity across a sandy shore. Mar Ecol Prog Ser. 196: 49 - 57. doi: 10.3354 / meps 196049." type="book chapter" year="2000">Armonies and Reise 2000</bibRefCitation>
). These environmental gradients are even stronger on Amazonian beaches, where extensive intertidal zones (≈
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) and semi-diurnal macrotidal (&gt;
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tidal range) regimes predominate (
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Pereira
<emphasis id="DCD81725FFB7FFF9F6DDD381FBC26CBF" box="[994,1042,1425,1450]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="228">et al</emphasis>
. 2012
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).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document id="FE863168D748032F9DE61B9143003B2E" ID-CLB-Dataset="290857" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2024.2311438" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a3a2f312-75b2-4539-919b-b5bc683c8063" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10818043" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="julia" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="julia" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="julia" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="julia" IM.treatments_approvedBy="julia" checkinTime="1710235887839" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Santos, Thuareag Monteiro Trindade dos, Aviz, Daiane &amp; Filho, José Souto Rosa" docDate="2024" docId="66057A21FFBAFFF5F59FD390FE3C6F70" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.58.1-3.218-235.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 58 (1 - 4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2311438" docStyle="DocumentStyle:485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73.9:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Lepidophthalmus siriboia" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="224" masterDocId="9A3C0259FFBCFFF2F53FD610FFD06915" masterDocTitle="Small-scale spatial distribution of ghost shrimp and macrobenthic fauna in an Amazon macrotidal dissipative sandy beach" masterLastPageNumber="235" masterPageNumber="218" pageNumber="223" updateTime="1710424546295" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="14A2A622113436C19048B2A25AEB2D40">Small-scale spatial distribution of ghost shrimp and macrobenthic fauna in an Amazon macrotidal dissipative sandy beach</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="08DECFD8DBF6AE17D69F550176F5F1B6">Aviz, Daiane</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CAB3FB1050FE5BDB257CA3F4EA14EAE4">Filho, José Souto Rosa</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C12663E759C9DFEBA62B95A773E10902">Laboratório de Bentos, Departamento de Oceanografia, Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="878C1705E2DB19056F57EFEE3D3537AD">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<treatment id="66057A21FFBAFFF5F59FD390FE3C6F70" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10818053" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10818053" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:66057A21FFBAFFF5F59FD390FE3C6F70" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/66057A21FFBAFFF5F59FD390FE3C6F70" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="224" pageId="6" pageNumber="223">
<subSubSection id="A6B698BCFFBAFFF4F59FD390FB956FD5" pageId="6" pageNumber="223" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="EE13CB37FFBAFFF4F59FD390FDF86C8F" blockId="6.[160,552,1408,1434]" box="[160,552,1408,1434]" pageId="6" pageNumber="223">
<heading id="B55B7C5BFFBAFFF4F59FD390FDF86C8F" bold="true" box="[160,552,1408,1434]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="223" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="29ACB0B4FFBAFFF4F59FD390FE186C8F" baseAuthorityName="Felder and Rodrigues" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[160,456,1408,1434]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callianassidae" genus="Lepidophthalmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="223" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siriboia">Lepidophtalmus siriboia</taxonomicName>
density
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<paragraph id="EE13CB37FFBAFFF4F59FD3A5FB956FD5" blockId="6.[160,1156,1455,1728]" pageId="6" pageNumber="223">
The mean burrow density, including both areas, was 31.7 ± 34.1 burrows.m −2 and there were significant differences between areas (F (1, 238) = 25.66; p &lt;0.001) and between intertidal zones (F(1, 238) = 114.85; p &lt;0.001), with interaction between factors (F(1, 238) = 7.76; p &lt;0.001). In general, higher densities were recorded at Area
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LT (86.17 ± 41.3 burrows.m −2). Except for the HT zone (where no burrows were found in both areas), the intertidal zones of Area 1 have higher burrow densities than those of Area 1 (
<figureCitation id="7697D7B2FFBAFFF4F708D095FD4E6F8B" box="[567,670,1669,1694]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1267,1290]" captionTargetBox="[167,1149,641,1232]" captionTargetId="figure-224@7.[163,1153,637,1236]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. Mean density (± standard error) of the Lepidophtalmus siriboia burrows in the intertidal zones (HT: high intertidal; MT: mid intertidal; LT: low intertidal) of the study areas (Area 1: muddy sediment – next to a tidal channel, Area 2: sandy sediment). Different letters indicate significant differences (p &lt;0.05); letters indicate the results of Tukey tests for the comparisons between areas (uppercase letters) and among intertidal zones (lowercase letters)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10818049" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10818049/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="223">Figure 3</figureCitation>
). However, the two areas have similar patterns of distribution of burrow-density increases towards the sea (
<figureCitation id="7697D7B2FFBAFFF4F6E8D0B7FBE86FD5" box="[983,1080,1703,1728]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1267,1290]" captionTargetBox="[167,1149,641,1232]" captionTargetId="figure-224@7.[163,1153,637,1236]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. Mean density (± standard error) of the Lepidophtalmus siriboia burrows in the intertidal zones (HT: high intertidal; MT: mid intertidal; LT: low intertidal) of the study areas (Area 1: muddy sediment – next to a tidal channel, Area 2: sandy sediment). Different letters indicate significant differences (p &lt;0.05); letters indicate the results of Tukey tests for the comparisons between areas (uppercase letters) and among intertidal zones (lowercase letters)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10818049" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10818049/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="223">Figure 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="DCD81725FFBBFFF5F59FD69EFF2169B0" bold="true" box="[160,241,142,165]" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">Table 1.</emphasis>
Sedimentary characteristics in the intertidal zones (HT: high intertidal; MT: mid intertidal; LT: low intertidal) of the study areas (Area 1: muddy sediment – next to a tidal channel, Area 2: sandy sediment).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EE13CB37FFBBFFF5F775D6FDFBA96B0F" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">
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<tr id="509CC975FFBB000DF594D6FDFBA96814" box="[171,1145,237,257]" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1">
<th id="134DA009FFBB000DF77CD6FDFD5E6814" box="[579,654,237,257]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">Area 1</th>
<th id="134DA009FFBB000DF68CD6FDFC2E6814" box="[947,1022,237,257]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">Area 2</th>
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<tr id="509CC975FFBB000DF594D71EFBA96837" box="[171,1145,270,290]" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">
<th id="134DA009FFBB000DF594D71EFE426837" box="[171,402,270,290]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">Characteristics</th>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF4FDD71EFDC36837" box="[450,531,270,290]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">HT</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF77CD71EFD5E6837" box="[579,654,270,290]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">MT</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF781D71EFCD86837" box="[702,776,270,290]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">LT</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF606D71EFC536837" box="[825,899,270,290]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">HT</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF68CD71EFC2E6837" box="[947,1022,270,290]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">MT</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF111D71EFBA96837" box="[1070,1145,270,290]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">LT</td>
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<tr id="509CC975FFBB000DF594D73EFBA96857" box="[171,1145,302,322]" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">
<th id="134DA009FFBB000DF594D73EFE426857" box="[171,402,302,322]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">Grain size (ɸ)</th>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF4FDD73EFDC36857" box="[450,531,302,322]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">3.21</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF77CD73EFD5E6857" box="[579,654,302,322]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">3.60</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF781D73EFCD86857" box="[702,776,302,322]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">3.16</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF606D73EFC536857" box="[825,899,302,322]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">2.95</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF68CD73EFC2E6857" box="[947,1022,302,322]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">3.14</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF111D73EFBA96857" box="[1070,1145,302,322]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">3.04</td>
</tr>
<tr id="509CC975FFBB000DF594D756FBA9684F" box="[171,1145,326,346]" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">
<th id="134DA009FFBB000DF594D756FE42684F" box="[171,402,326,346]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">Sorting (ɸ)</th>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF4FDD756FDC3684F" box="[450,531,326,346]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">0.61</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF77CD756FD5E684F" box="[579,654,326,346]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">0.47</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF781D756FCD8684F" box="[702,776,326,346]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">0.77</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF606D756FC53684F" box="[825,899,326,346]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">0.41</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF68CD756FC2E684F" box="[947,1022,326,346]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">0.50</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF111D756FBA9684F" box="[1070,1145,326,346]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">0.44</td>
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<tr id="509CC975FFBB000DF594D74EFBA96867" box="[171,1145,350,370]" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">
<th id="134DA009FFBB000DF594D74EFE426867" box="[171,402,350,370]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">% Sand</th>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF4FDD74EFDC36867" box="[450,531,350,370]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">89.27</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF77CD74EFD5E6867" box="[579,654,350,370]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">69.48</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF781D74EFCD86867" box="[702,776,350,370]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">95.40</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF606D74EFC536867" box="[825,899,350,370]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">97.12</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF68CD74EFC2E6867" box="[947,1022,350,370]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">93.43</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF111D74EFBA96867" box="[1070,1145,350,370]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">95.77</td>
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<tr id="509CC975FFBB000DF594D766FBA9689F" box="[171,1145,374,394]" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">
<th id="134DA009FFBB000DF594D766FE42689F" box="[171,402,374,394]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">% CS</th>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF4FDD766FDC3689F" box="[450,531,374,394]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">0.05</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF77CD766FD5E689F" box="[579,654,374,394]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">0.28</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF781D766FCD8689F" box="[702,776,374,394]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">0.13</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF606D766FC53689F" box="[825,899,374,394]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">0.00</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF68CD766FC2E689F" box="[947,1022,374,394]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">0.07</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF111D766FBA9689F" box="[1070,1145,374,394]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">0.00</td>
</tr>
<tr id="509CC975FFBB000DF594D79EFBA968B7" box="[171,1145,398,418]" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">
<th id="134DA009FFBB000DF594D79EFE4268B7" box="[171,402,398,418]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">% MS</th>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF4FDD79EFDC368B7" box="[450,531,398,418]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">1.40</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF77CD79EFD5E68B7" box="[579,654,398,418]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">1.13</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF781D79EFCD868B7" box="[702,776,398,418]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">1.62</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF606D79EFC5368B7" box="[825,899,398,418]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">1.00</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF68CD79EFC2E68B7" box="[947,1022,398,418]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">1.07</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF111D79EFBA968B7" box="[1070,1145,398,418]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">0.93</td>
</tr>
<tr id="509CC975FFBB000DF594D7B6FBA968AF" box="[171,1145,422,442]" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">
<th id="134DA009FFBB000DF594D7B6FE4268AF" box="[171,402,422,442]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">% FS</th>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF4FDD7B6FDC368AF" box="[450,531,422,442]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">41.60</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF77CD7B6FD5E68AF" box="[579,654,422,442]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">23.82</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF781D7B6FCD868AF" box="[702,776,422,442]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">39.57</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF606D7B6FC5368AF" box="[825,899,422,442]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">66.83</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF68CD7B6FC2E68AF" box="[947,1022,422,442]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">37.73</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF111D7B6FBA968AF" box="[1070,1145,422,442]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">48.47</td>
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<tr id="509CC975FFBB000DF594D7AEFBA968C7" box="[171,1145,446,466]" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">
<th id="134DA009FFBB000DF594D7AEFE4268C7" box="[171,402,446,466]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">% VFS</th>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF4FDD7AEFDC368C7" box="[450,531,446,466]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">46.22</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF77CD7AEFD5E68C7" box="[579,654,446,466]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">44.25</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF781D7AEFCD868C7" box="[702,776,446,466]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">54.08</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF606D7AEFC5368C7" box="[825,899,446,466]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">29.28</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF68CD7AEFC2E68C7" box="[947,1022,446,466]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">54.57</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF111D7AEFBA968C7" box="[1070,1145,446,466]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">46.37</td>
</tr>
<tr id="509CC975FFBB000DF594D7C6FBA968FF" box="[171,1145,470,490]" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">
<th id="134DA009FFBB000DF594D7C6FE4268FF" box="[171,402,470,490]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">% Fines (silt + clay)</th>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF4FDD7C6FDC368FF" box="[450,531,470,490]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">10.73</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF77CD7C6FD5E68FF" box="[579,654,470,490]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">30.52</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF781D7C6FCD868FF" box="[702,776,470,490]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">4.68</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF606D7C6FC5368FF" box="[825,899,470,490]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">2.88</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF68CD7C6FC2E68FF" box="[947,1022,470,490]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">6.57</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF111D7C6FBA968FF" box="[1070,1145,470,490]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">4.23</td>
</tr>
<tr id="509CC975FFBB000DF594D7FEFBA96B17" box="[171,1145,494,514]" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">
<th id="134DA009FFBB000DF594D7FEFE426B17" box="[171,402,494,514]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">Granulometric Classification</th>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF4FDD7FEFDC36B17" box="[450,531,494,514]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">VFS</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF77CD7FEFD5E6B17" box="[579,654,494,514]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">VFS</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF781D7FEFCD86B17" box="[702,776,494,514]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">VFS</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF606D7FEFC536B17" box="[825,899,494,514]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">FS</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF68CD7FEFC2E6B17" box="[947,1022,494,514]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">VFS</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF111D7FEFBA96B17" box="[1070,1145,494,514]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">VFS</td>
</tr>
<tr id="509CC975FFBB000DF594D416FBA96B0F" box="[171,1145,518,538]" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">
<th id="134DA009FFBB000DF594D416FE426B0F" box="[171,402,518,538]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">Sorting Classification</th>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF4FDD416FDC36B0F" box="[450,531,518,538]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">M.Sortedt</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF77CD416FD5E6B0F" box="[579,654,518,538]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">M.Sorted</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF781D416FCD86B0F" box="[702,776,518,538]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">M.Sorted</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF606D416FC536B0F" box="[825,899,518,538]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">M.Sorted</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF68CD416FC2E6B0F" box="[947,1022,518,538]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">M.Sorted</td>
<td id="134DA009FFBB000DF111D416FBA96B0F" box="[1070,1145,518,538]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">M.Sorted</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE13CB37FFBBFFF5F59FD437FC0B6B2E" blockId="7.[160,987,551,571]" box="[160,987,551,571]" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">
<tableNote id="134ACAB9FFBBFFF5F59FD437FC0B6B2E" box="[160,987,551,571]" pageId="7" pageNumber="224" targetBox="[171,1145,237,538]" targetPageId="7">CS: coarse sand; MS: medium sand; FS: fine sand; VFS: very fine sand; M.Sorted: moderately sorted.</tableNote>
</paragraph>
<caption id="BAD39BBFFFBBFFF5F59FD2E3FCE16C95" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10818049" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10818049" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10818049/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="224" startId="7.[160,225,1267,1290]" targetBox="[167,1149,641,1232]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
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<emphasis id="DCD81725FFBBFFF5F59FD2E3FF2D6C1F" bold="true" box="[160,253,1267,1290]" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Mean density (± standard error) of the
<emphasis id="DCD81725FFBBFFF5F7A4D2E3FC526C1F" box="[667,898,1267,1290]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">
Lepidophtalmus
<taxonomicName id="29ACB0B4FFBBFFF5F602D2E3FC526C1F" baseAuthorityName="Felder and Rodrigues" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[829,898,1267,1290]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callianassidae" genus="Lepidophthalmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siriboia">siriboia</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
burrows in the intertidal zones (HT: high intertidal; MT: mid intertidal; LT: low intertidal) of the study areas (Area 1: muddy sediment – next to a tidal channel, Area 2: sandy sediment). Different letters indicate significant differences (p &lt;0.05); letters indicate the results of Tukey tests for the comparisons between areas (uppercase letters) and among intertidal zones (lowercase letters).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="A6B698BCFFBBFFF5F5FFD3D1FE3C6F70" pageId="7" pageNumber="224" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE13CB37FFBBFFF5F5FFD3D1FE3C6F70" blockId="7.[160,1157,1473,1637]" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">
The best-fitting regression model to explain the variation spatial of
<taxonomicName id="29ACB0B4FFBBFFF5F12DD3D1FB546CCF" baseAuthorityName="Felder and Rodrigues" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[1042,1156,1473,1498]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callianassidae" genus="Lepidophthalmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siriboia">
<emphasis id="DCD81725FFBBFFF5F12DD3D1FB546CCF" box="[1042,1156,1473,1498]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">L. siriboia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
included the grain size and proportions of finer (silt + clay) (
<tableCitation id="A32EFE8CFFBBFFF5F6B0D3F4FC386CE8" box="[911,1000,1508,1533]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="8.[245,301,142,165]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Table 2. Best-fit models of the stepwise multiple linear regression: relationship of Lepidophtalmus siriboia density and sedimentary parameters." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/BAD39BBFFFB4FFFAF5CAD69EFC8169D7" pageId="7" pageNumber="224" tableUuid="BAD39BBFFFB4FFFAF5CAD69EFC8169D7">Table 2</tableCitation>
). A negative relationship was observed between the grain size and density of
<taxonomicName id="29ACB0B4FFBBFFF5F696D017FBC56F35" baseAuthorityName="Felder and Rodrigues" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[937,1045,1543,1568]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callianassidae" genus="Lepidophthalmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siriboia">
<emphasis id="DCD81725FFBBFFF5F696D017FBC56F35" box="[937,1045,1543,1568]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="224">L. siriboia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
burrows. By contrast, the density of shrimp burrows increased with an increasing percentage of finer sediment (silt and clay).
</paragraph>
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508
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<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF81FF94FF27FBAAFE35FBE1" bold="true" box="[151,410,1090,1116]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Microphorella similis</emphasis>
Brooks
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(
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF81FF94FF2FFB8DFEACFBC0" box="[159,259,1125,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1212,1235]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,180,1195]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,171,1203]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male habitus photograph; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male head and antennae in anterolateral view; (C) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male head and antennae in anterolateral view. Photomicrographs are based on flies submerged in ethanol. Abbreviation: pped—postpedicel." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211523/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Figs. 1A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF81FF94FEBEFB8DFE9EFBC0" box="[270,305,1125,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1212,1235]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,180,1195]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,171,1203]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male habitus photograph; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male head and antennae in anterolateral view; (C) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male head and antennae in anterolateral view. Photomicrographs are based on flies submerged in ethanol. Abbreviation: pped—postpedicel." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211523/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">1B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF81FF94FE8DFB8DFECDFBC0" box="[317,354,1125,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1464,1487]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,284,1422]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,267,1442]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Heads in anterior view: (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., female; (C) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male (left eye depressed by shrinkage in its middle and lower parts); (D) Microphorella praecox (Loew), female. Photomicrographs are based on flies submerged in ethanol." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211524/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">2A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF81FF94FEDEFB8DFE3EFBC0" box="[366,401,1125,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1464,1487]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,284,1422]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,267,1442]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Heads in anterior view: (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., female; (C) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male (left eye depressed by shrinkage in its middle and lower parts); (D) Microphorella praecox (Loew), female. Photomicrographs are based on flies submerged in ethanol." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211524/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">2B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF81FF94FE2CFB8DFE4EFBC0" box="[412,481,1125,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1014,1037]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,226,974]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,181,1005]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Wings: (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male, close-up of anterior margin showing costal setae; (C) Microphorella similis sp. nov., female; (D) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male; (E) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male, close-up of anterior margin showing costal setae; (F) Microphorella praecox (Loew), female. Abbreviations: bm-m—basal medial crossvein; cua—anterior cubital (=anal) cell; CuA—anterior branch of cubital vein; dm—discal medial cell; dm-m—discal medial crossvein; M1—1st medial vein; M2—2nd medial vein; M4—4th medial vein; R1—1st radial vein; R2+3—2nd + 3rd radial vein; R4+5—4th + 5th radial vein." pageId="1" pageNumber="46">3A–C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF81FF94FE5DFB8DFE52FBC0" box="[493,509,1125,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1823,1846]" captionTargetBox="[186,1395,1259,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[178,1408,1244,1802]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male: (A) left antenna, lateral view; (B) midleg, apex of tibia and tarsus, anterior view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211525/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF81FF94FDB9FB8DFDB6FBC0" box="[521,537,1125,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[395,1197,183,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[383,1202,176,1948]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Microphorella similis sp. nov., posterior portion of male abdomen: (A) dorsal view; (B) right lateral view; (C) ventral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211526/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF81FF94FD95FB8DFD9AFBC0" box="[549,565,1125,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1437,161,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF81FF94FDF1FB8DFDFFFBC0" box="[577,592,1125,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1369,1392]" captionTargetBox="[285,1300,463,1335]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[274,1312,453,1348]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Microphorella similis sp. nov., female terminalia: (A) left lateral view; (B) dorsal view; (C) ventral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; spmth—spermatheca; st—sternite; tg—tergite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211528/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">7</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66507FF81FF94FF27FB46FAB5FAE8" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EE13368CFF81FF94FF27FB46FAB5FAE8" blockId="1.[151,1436,1197,2023]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF81FF94FF27FB46FEE8FB7B" bold="true" box="[151,327,1197,1222]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
<typeStatus id="3117882EFF81FF94FF27FB46FF7DFB7B" box="[151,210,1198,1222]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CD1FF81FF94FEE0FB45FF59FAB0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3461743308" collectingDate="2000-05-16" collectionCode="ZFMK" collectorName="H. Ulrich" country="Switzerland" location="Leuk-Pfynwald" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" specimenCount="1" specimenCountMale="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF81FF94FEE0FB45FE40FB7B" bold="true" box="[336,495,1197,1222]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
<typeStatus id="3117882EFF81FF94FEE0FB45FE40FB7B" box="[336,495,1197,1222]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
3 from
<location id="EB736057FF81FF94FDE6FB45FCA7FB78" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6605879AFF81FF90FF27FBAAFC5BFF69:EB736057FF81FF94FDE6FB45FCA7FB78" box="[598,776,1197,1221]" country="Switzerland" name="Leuk-Pfynwald" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Leuk-Pfynwald</location>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB761CFF81FF94FCA5FB45FC34FB78" box="[789,923,1197,1221]" name="Switzerland" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
labelled: “Schweiz, Wallis [=Valais],/ Leuk-Pfynwald,/ Rhône-Kiesbett,/
<date id="9A12104CFF81FF94FE57FB39FDF5FB54" box="[487,602,1233,1257]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" value="2000-05-16">
<collectingDate id="8A56E9A4FF81FF94FE57FB39FDF5FB54" box="[487,602,1233,1257]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" value="2000-05-16">16.V.2000</collectingDate>
</date>
<collectorName id="4359535AFF81FF94FDD6FB3AFD75FB54" box="[614,730,1233,1257]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">H. Ulrich</collectorName>
”; “HOLOTYPE/
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF81FF94FC19FB39FB30FB54" box="[937,1183,1233,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF81FF94FC19FB39FB30FB54" box="[937,1183,1233,1257]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Microphorella similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/ Brooks” (
<collectionCode id="88BDAE49FF81FF94FA94FB39FAD9FB54" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" box="[1316,1398,1233,1257]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">ZFMK</collectionCode>
, in ethanol)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CD1FF81FF94FEB3FB1DFB18FAB0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3461743310" box="[259,1207,1269,1294]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF81FF94FEB3FB1DFE1FFAB3" bold="true" box="[259,432,1269,1294]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
<typeStatus id="3117882EFF81FF94FEB3FB1DFE04FAB3" box="[259,427,1269,1294]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" type="paratype">PARATYPES</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
283, 29♀, same locality and date as
<typeStatus id="3117882EFF81FF94FCD6FB1DFC67FAB0" box="[870,968,1269,1293]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="88BDAE49FF81FF94FC69FB1DFB84FAB0" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" box="[985,1067,1269,1293]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">ZFMK</collectionCode>
, in ethanol)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CD1FF81FF94FB74FB1DFE28FA8C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3461743301" collectingDate="2000-05-16" collectionCode="MHNG" collectorName="H. Ulrich" country="Switzerland" location="Leuk-Pfynwald" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCountMale="3" typeStatus="paratype">
33,
<specimenCount id="F8AAFD05FF81FF94FB47FB1DFAB5FAB0" box="[1271,1306,1269,1293]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
, same data (
<collectionCode id="88BDAE49FF81FF94FF2EFAF1FF5AFA8C" box="[158,245,1305,1329]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">MHNG</collectionCode>
, in ethanol)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CD1FF81FF94FE27FAF1FCF4FA8C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3461743305" box="[407,859,1305,1329]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
33, 3♀, same data (
<collectionCode id="88BDAE49FF81FF94FD3CFAF1FD65FA8C" box="[652,714,1305,1329]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">CNC</collectionCode>
, in ethanol)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CD1FF81FF94FCDCFAF1FED2FAE8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3461743311" collectingDate="1999-05-27" collectionCode="MHNG" collectorName="B. Merz" country="Switzerland" location="Leuk-Pfynwald" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" specimenCount="45" specimenCount-female="28" specimenCountMale="17" typeStatus="paratype">
173,
<specimenCount id="F8AAFD05FF81FF94FC00FAF1FC4EFA8C" box="[944,993,1305,1329]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" type="female">28♀</specimenCount>
, Leuk-Pfynwald,
<date id="9A12104CFF81FF94FB05FAF1FA85FA8C" box="[1205,1322,1305,1329]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" value="1999-05-27">
<collectingDate id="8A56E9A4FF81FF94FB05FAF1FA85FA8C" box="[1205,1322,1305,1329]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" value="1999-05-27">27.V.1999</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="4359535AFF81FF94FA8BFAF2FA33FA8C" box="[1339,1436,1306,1329]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">B. Merz</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="88BDAE49FF81FF94FF2EFAD5FF5AFAE8" box="[158,245,1341,1365]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">MHNG</collectionCode>
, in ethanol)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CD1FF81FF94FE38FAD5FD09FAE8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3461743302" box="[392,678,1341,1365]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
33, 2♀, same data (
<collectionCode id="88BDAE49FF81FF94FDD8FAD5FD09FAE8" box="[616,678,1341,1365]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">CNC</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
, critical-point dried and mounted on pins from ethanol).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66507FF81FF94FF77FA89FA39F88F" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EE13368CFF81FF94FF77FA89FA39F88F" blockId="1.[151,1436,1197,2023]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF81FF94FF77FA89FEEEFAC7" bold="true" box="[199,321,1377,1402]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF81FF94FEF9FA89FD94FAC4" box="[329,571,1377,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF81FF94FEF9FA89FD94FAC4" box="[329,571,1377,1401]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Microphorella similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF81FF94FDF3FA8AFD32FAC7" bold="true" box="[579,669,1378,1402]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C7EB57E5FF81FF94FDF3FA8AFD32FAC7" box="[579,669,1378,1402]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is a medium-sized species for the genus (body length
<quantity id="29549B69FF81FF94FAB4FA89FA3FFAC4" box="[1284,1424,1377,1401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="1.65" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.9 mm</quantity>
), shining white when dry and with white setae, with long pointed antennae, which most closely resembles
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF81FF94FF27FA41FE5AFA7C" authority="Loew" authorityName="Loew" box="[151,501,1449,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF81FF94FF27FA41FE36FA7C" box="[151,409,1449,1473]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Microphorella praecox</emphasis>
(Loew)
</taxonomicName>
, the
<typeStatus id="3117882EFF81FF94FD98FA42FDF7FA7F" box="[552,600,1450,1474]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">type</typeStatus>
species. The characters shared with
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF81FF94FC40FA42FBC0FA7C" box="[1008,1135,1450,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF81FF94FC40FA42FBC0FA7C" box="[1008,1135,1450,1473]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">M. praecox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and those differing from it are enumerated under ‘Comparison’ following the detailed description. It is easily distinguished from other species of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF81FF94FF06FA19FEF8F9B4" box="[182,343,1521,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF81FF94FF06FA19FEF8F9B4" box="[182,343,1521,1545]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Microphorella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the following combination of features: postpedicel (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF81FF94FC61FA19FB9BF9B4" box="[977,1076,1521,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1212,1235]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,180,1195]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,171,1203]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male habitus photograph; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male head and antennae in anterolateral view; (C) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male head and antennae in anterolateral view. Photomicrographs are based on flies submerged in ethanol. Abbreviation: pped—postpedicel." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211523/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Figs. 1B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF81FF94FBF1FA19FBCAF9B4" box="[1089,1125,1521,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1823,1846]" captionTargetBox="[186,1395,1259,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[178,1408,1244,1802]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male: (A) left antenna, lateral view; (B) midleg, apex of tibia and tarsus, anterior view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211525/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">4A</figureCitation>
) elongate, roughly conical; stylus (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF81FF94FF58F9FDFEE5F990" box="[232,330,1557,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1212,1235]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,180,1195]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,171,1203]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male habitus photograph; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male head and antennae in anterolateral view; (C) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male head and antennae in anterolateral view. Photomicrographs are based on flies submerged in ethanol. Abbreviation: pped—postpedicel." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211523/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Figs. 1B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF81FF94FEE6F9FDFED5F990" box="[342,378,1557,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1823,1846]" captionTargetBox="[186,1395,1259,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[178,1408,1244,1802]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male: (A) left antenna, lateral view; (B) midleg, apex of tibia and tarsus, anterior view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211525/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">4A</figureCitation>
) claw-shaped, curved ventrad and pointed, distinctly shorter than postpedicel in male, at most subequal in female; male mid leg with tarsomere 1 bowed and bearing a ventral comb-like row of hook-like setae (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF81FF94FF2FF9B5FF57F9C8" box="[159,248,1629,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1823,1846]" captionTargetBox="[186,1395,1259,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[178,1408,1244,1802]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male: (A) left antenna, lateral view; (B) midleg, apex of tibia and tarsus, anterior view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211525/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
); wing venation modified with R4+5 and M1 sinuous, cell r2+3 narrowing before apex and broadening again to apex, M2 and M4 subparallel beyond cell dm, costal section between M1 and M2 distinctly longer than section between M2 and M4 (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF81FF94FE23F943FE54F97E" box="[403,507,1707,1731]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1212,1235]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,180,1195]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,171,1203]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male habitus photograph; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male head and antennae in anterolateral view; (C) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male head and antennae in anterolateral view. Photomicrographs are based on flies submerged in ethanol. Abbreviation: pped—postpedicel." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211523/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Figs. 1A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF81FF94FDBBF943FDCBF97E" box="[523,612,1707,1731]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1014,1037]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,226,974]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,181,1005]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Wings: (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male, close-up of anterior margin showing costal setae; (C) Microphorella similis sp. nov., female; (D) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male; (E) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male, close-up of anterior margin showing costal setae; (F) Microphorella praecox (Loew), female. Abbreviations: bm-m—basal medial crossvein; cua—anterior cubital (=anal) cell; CuA—anterior branch of cubital vein; dm—discal medial cell; dm-m—discal medial crossvein; M1—1st medial vein; M2—2nd medial vein; M4—4th medial vein; R1—1st radial vein; R2+3—2nd + 3rd radial vein; R4+5—4th + 5th radial vein." pageId="1" pageNumber="46">3A, 3C</figureCitation>
); hypopygium with ventral epandrial process (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF81FF94FB37F943FB4CF97E" box="[1159,1251,1707,1731]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1437,161,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
) Y-shaped with ventral arm of furca thick and lacking basal hump-like projection, left postgonite lobe (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF81FF94FBD2F93AFB69F957" box="[1122,1222,1746,1770]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1437,161,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Figs. 6A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF81FF94FB61F93AFB5EF957" box="[1233,1265,1746,1770]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1437,161,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">6E</figureCitation>
) with bifurcate apex, phallus (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF81FF94FEF6F91EFE1FF8B3" box="[326,432,1782,1806]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1437,161,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Figs. 6A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF81FF94FE71F91EFE4DF8B3" box="[449,482,1782,1806]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1437,161,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">6E</figureCitation>
) bearing pointed process near middle and lacking longitudinal serration; female terminalia (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF81FF94FEA7F8F2FEF6F88F" box="[279,345,1818,1842]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1369,1392]" captionTargetBox="[285,1300,463,1335]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[274,1312,453,1348]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Microphorella similis sp. nov., female terminalia: (A) left lateral view; (B) dorsal view; (C) ventral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; spmth—spermatheca; st—sternite; tg—tergite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211528/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
) with acanthophorite setae, sternite 8 with apex narrow and bifurcate, cercus rounded and setose.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66507FF81FF96FF77F8D5FD5BF85C" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE13368CFF81FF96FF77F8D5FB33FA59" blockId="1.[151,1436,1197,2023]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,2017]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF81FF94FF77F8D5FEFEF8EB" bold="true" box="[199,337,1853,1878]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Description</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF81FF94FEEFF8D6FE34F8EB" bold="true" box="[351,411,1854,1878]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Male</emphasis>
: Body length
<quantity id="29549B69FF81FF94FD8BF8D6FD6AF8EB" box="[571,709,1854,1878]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5499999999999998" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="1.5499999999999998" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.7 mm</quantity>
, wing length
<quantity id="29549B69FF81FF94FCECF8D6FC49F8EB" box="[860,998,1854,1878]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="1.45" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.6 mm</quantity>
. Dark brown ground colour with dense greyish-white pruinosity, with faint bluish-green and bronze metallic tinges at certain angles, legs with pruinosity slightly less dense, joints and tarsi paler. Setae and pubescence of body and legs white.
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF81FF94FBD1F86EFB0EF823" bold="true" box="[1121,1185,1926,1950]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF81FF94FB1FF86EFABFF823" box="[1199,1296,1926,1950]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1212,1235]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,180,1195]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,171,1203]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male habitus photograph; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male head and antennae in anterolateral view; (C) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male head and antennae in anterolateral view. Photomicrographs are based on flies submerged in ethanol. Abbreviation: pped—postpedicel." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211523/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Figs. 1B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF81FF94FAACF86EFAECF823" box="[1308,1347,1926,1950]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1464,1487]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,284,1422]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,267,1442]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Heads in anterior view: (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., female; (C) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male (left eye depressed by shrinkage in its middle and lower parts); (D) Microphorella praecox (Loew), female. Photomicrographs are based on flies submerged in ethanol." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211524/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">2A</figureCitation>
): Ovoid in lateral view; slightly broader than high in anterior view. Neck inserted slightly above middle of head. Ocellar triangle conspicuous. Occiput weakly concave on upper median part above occipital foramen. Dichoptic; eyes entirely covered with ommatrichia, medial edge with weak emargination adjacent to antenna, ommatidia smaller anterodorsally. Frons greyish, over
<date id="9A12104CFF82FF97FD82FF54FDFBFF69" box="[562,596,188,212]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">2X</date>
broader than high, widening above. Face and clypeus conclourous with frons. Face narrowest at middle, about 1.7–2.0X width of anterior ocellus. Clypeus not separated from face, slightly higher than broad, widening below, apical margin truncate, weakly produced. Bristles of head welldifferentiated; dorsal bristles strong: 1 pair of inclinate fronto-orbitals well-separated from base of antenna and arising very close to posterior ocellus, 1 pair of lateroclinate anterior ocellars, 1 pair of small posterior ocellars, 1 pair of strong widely spaced inclinate postocellars, 1–3 pairs of lateroclinate verticals; postocular setae short and uniserial; postgena with longer scattered setae around edge of mouth-opening. Antenna (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF82FF97FBC0FE7CFB7EFE11" box="[1136,1233,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1212,1235]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,180,1195]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,171,1203]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male habitus photograph; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male head and antennae in anterolateral view; (C) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male head and antennae in anterolateral view. Photomicrographs are based on flies submerged in ethanol. Abbreviation: pped—postpedicel." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211523/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Figs. 1B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF82FF97FB6CFE7CFAAFFE11" box="[1244,1280,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1823,1846]" captionTargetBox="[186,1395,1259,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[178,1408,1244,1802]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male: (A) left antenna, lateral view; (B) midleg, apex of tibia and tarsus, anterior view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211525/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">4A</figureCitation>
) entirely dark brown, inserted above middle of head in profile; scape short, funnel-shaped; pedicel subequal in length to scape, spheroidal with subapical circlet of setulae; postpedicel elongate, about
<date id="9A12104CFF82FF97FC59FE34FBA3FE49" box="[1001,1036,476,500]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">3X</date>
longer than wide, clothed in fine setulae, roughly conical (not bulb-shaped) but with broad basal and narrow distal portions set off against each other, broad basal portion subequal in length to narrow distal portion; stylus stout, claw-shaped (i.e. evenly tapering from base to pointed tip and gently curved ventrad), about 1/3–1/2 (rarely 3/4) length of postpedicel, with minute hairs. Palpus ovoid with lower margin straight, dark brown, clothed with minute pile, apical half with several short setulae on outer surface, sensory pit present. Proboscis short, projecting ventrally; epipharyngeal carina present; epipharyngeal blades narrow; labellum with 6 geminately sclerotized pseudotracheae. Gena narrow.
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF82FF97FA8CFD5CFA3BFD71" bold="true" box="[1340,1428,692,716]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Thorax</emphasis>
: Mesoscutum moderately arched, prescutellar depression apparent. Prosternum fused with proepisternum forming precoxal bridge. Proepisternum with 1 upper setula and 1 lower setula. Antepronotum narrow with 1–2 pale setula per side. Postpronotal lobe distinct with several small setulae. Mesonotum shield-shaped in dorsal view, longer than wide, bristles well-differentiated. Acrostichal setae absent, except for 1 pair on extreme anterior margin of mesoscutum; 6–8 dorsocentral bristles (posteriormost bristle strongest, anterior bristle short), 1 presutural supraalar bristle, 3 postsutural supra-alar bristles (anteriormost bristle at suture), 2 notopleural bristles, and 1 post-alar bristle per side. Scutellum crescent-shaped in dorsal view with 1 pair of strong bristles. Mesopleuron bare. Halter pale brownish-white.
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF82FF97FE25FC3CFE62FC51" bold="true" box="[405,461,980,1004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Legs</emphasis>
: Mostly clothed with white setulae, tarsal claws, pulvilli and empodium normally developed on all legs.
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF82FF97FE28FC10FE40FBAD" box="[408,495,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Foreleg</emphasis>
: Coxa with setae on anterior surface; femur slightly longer than tibia, with row of erect posteroventral setae; tibia slender with row of 4–5 long erect posterior setae, with adjacent row of erect ventral setae; tarsus slightly shorter than tibia, somewhat compressed laterally; tarsomere 1 slightly shorter than combined length of tarsomeres 2–5, lacking spinose anterior tubercle at base; tarsomeres 2–4 decreasing slightly in length apically; tarsomere 5 subequal in length to tarsomere 2, apex lacking medial finger-like process.
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF82FF97FAF5FB60FA3BFB1D" box="[1349,1428,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Midleg</emphasis>
: Coxa with row of several setae on anterior surface above apical margin; femur subequal in length to tibia, with row of 7–8 long erect posteroventral setae, lacking dense tuft of short setulae at middle third; tibia slender; tarsus shorter than tibia; tarsomere 1 bowed with ventral comb-like row of hook-like setae, with 2 strong basiventral setae and 4 short dark spine-like apicoventral setae (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF82FF97FD68FAF0FC8BFA8D" box="[728,804,1304,1328]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1823,1846]" captionTargetBox="[186,1395,1259,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[178,1408,1244,1802]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male: (A) left antenna, lateral view; (B) midleg, apex of tibia and tarsus, anterior view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211525/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
B), subequal to combined length of tarsomeres 2–5; tarsomeres 2–4 decreasing slightly in length apically, each with usually 4 short dark spine-like apicoventral setae; tarsomere 5 subequal in length to tarsomere 3, apex lacking medial finger-like process.
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF82FF97FB37FA88FB4EFAC5" box="[1159,1249,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Hindleg</emphasis>
: Coxa with 3–4 setulae on outer surface; femur slightly longer than tibia; tibia slender; tarsus slightly shorter than tibia; tarsomere 1 subequal to combined length of tarsomeres 2–5, with spinose posteroventral tubercle at base; tarsomeres 2–4 decreasing slightly in length apically; tarsomere 5 subequal in length to tarsomere 3, apex lacking medial fingerlike process.
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF82FF97FE99FA07FEC5F9B5" bold="true" box="[297,362,1519,1544]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Wing</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF82FF97FEC9FA18FDA4F9B5" box="[377,523,1520,1544]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1014,1037]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,226,974]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,181,1005]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Wings: (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male, close-up of anterior margin showing costal setae; (C) Microphorella similis sp. nov., female; (D) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male; (E) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male, close-up of anterior margin showing costal setae; (F) Microphorella praecox (Loew), female. Abbreviations: bm-m—basal medial crossvein; cua—anterior cubital (=anal) cell; CuA—anterior branch of cubital vein; dm—discal medial cell; dm-m—discal medial crossvein; M1—1st medial vein; M2—2nd medial vein; M4—4th medial vein; R1—1st radial vein; R2+3—2nd + 3rd radial vein; R4+5—4th + 5th radial vein." pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Figs. 3A, 3B</figureCitation>
): Hyaline, veins dark brown, about 2.5X longer than wide. Pterostigma indistinct, membrane entirely covered with minute microtrichia, alula absent. Costa circumambient. Extreme anterior base of costa with 2 anterodorsal setae. Anterior section of costa (between base and R4+5) bearing double row of spine-like setae, setae of ventral row stronger. Posterior section of costa (i.e. beyond R4+5) with setae finer and longer. Costal section proximal to apex of R1 with setae larger, spine-like and more widely spaced. Longitudinal veins complete, reaching wing margin, except anal vein (CuP+CuA) absent, Sc faint apically. R1 reaching costa beyond middle of wing (or beyond base of M2). Base of Rs originating opposite humeral crossvein. R2+3 more or less straight. Cell r2+3 narrowing before apex where R4+5 curves forward, broadening to apex (veins R2+3 and R4+5 divergent). R4+5 and M1 sinuous, curving forward then backward, diverging apically. M2 and M4 nearly straight and subparallel beyond cell dm. Costal section between M1 and M2 distinctly longer than costal section between M2 and M4. CuA rounded. Short r-m crossvein present in basal portion of wing, distal to base of R4+5. Crossvein bm-m incomplete. Cell dm present with veins M2 and dm-m, cell extending to middle of wing, base of M2 sometimes faint to indiscernible from wing membrane. Cells br, bm and cua in basal fourth of wing. Cells bm and cua broader than br. Cell cua closed, ovoid. Anal lobe not developed. Calypter with fine pale setae.
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF83FF96FC1CFF7FFB8FFF0D" bold="true" box="[940,1056,151,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Abdomen</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FB81FF7FFBD5FF12" box="[1073,1146,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1212,1235]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,180,1195]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,171,1203]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male habitus photograph; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male head and antennae in anterolateral view; (C) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male head and antennae in anterolateral view. Photomicrographs are based on flies submerged in ethanol. Abbreviation: pped—postpedicel." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211523/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
A,
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FB11FF7FFB1EFF12" box="[1185,1201,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[395,1197,183,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[383,1202,176,1948]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Microphorella similis sp. nov., posterior portion of male abdomen: (A) dorsal view; (B) right lateral view; (C) ventral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211526/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">5</figureCitation>
): Abdominal muscle plaques present. Tergite 1 with scattered setae; tergites 2–6 with scattered posteromarginal setae, setae stronger laterally on tergites 2–4; sternites 2–4 setose; sternite 4 emarginate medially, right and left side with series of long posteromarginal setae; sternite 5 with projecting pregenitalic process, apex of process expanded and weakly emarginate, base of process with pair of short projections posteriorly, sternite with 2–3 setulae laterad process otherwise bare; sternite 6 sometimes with pair of close-set setulae per side, otherwise bare; segment 7 bare. Segments 1–4 mostly symmetrical with simple tergites and sternites; segments 5–7 narrowed, somewhat more heavily sclerotized (especially segments 6 and 7) and laterally compressed to form cavity on right side for hypopygium. Sternite 6 strongly produced ventrally. Sternite 7 simple, not contorted, lacking pregenitalic process. Sternite 8 slightly wider than long, subrectangular, setose; tergite 8 forming narrow sclerotized U-shaped band, laterally fused to posterior margin of sternite 8.
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF83FF96FD60FDE9FCF0FDA5" box="[720,863,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Hypopygium</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FCC2FE17FC6AFDAA" box="[882,965,511,535]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[395,1197,183,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[383,1202,176,1948]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Microphorella similis sp. nov., posterior portion of male abdomen: (A) dorsal view; (B) right lateral view; (C) ventral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211526/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FC66FE17FC48FDAA" box="[982,999,511,535]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1437,161,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">6</figureCitation>
): Lateroflexed to right; inverted with posterior end directed anteriorly; large and globular, about 1/2 length of abdomen; asymmetrical. Epandrium divided into left and right lamellae. Left epandrial lamella (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FCFAFDAFFC20FDE2" box="[842,911,583,607]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1437,161,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
A) narrowly constricted at middle with broad dorsal and ventral portions, ventral epandrial portion partially overlapping left side of hypandrium and fused to hypandrium along lower edge but epandrial margin distinct; ventral epandrial process (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FBD2FD67FB0AFD1A" box="[1122,1189,655,679]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1437,161,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
A) basally articulated, Y-shaped with apical half broadly furcate, dorsal arm narrow, curved and tapering apically, ventral arm thick with ventral setula near midlength and lacking hump-like projection at base. Left surstylus (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FB3AFD3FFB74FD52" box="[1162,1243,727,751]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1437,161,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
A, 6C) complex, dorsal and ventral lobes separated by shallow U-shaped cleft through which left postgonite lobe protrudes. Dorsal lobe of left surstylus (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FE21FCF7FE7BFC8A" box="[401,468,799,823]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1437,161,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
A) with thumb-like outer lobe bearing stout apical seta, and slender medial lobe with shallowly furcate apex. Ventral lobe of left surstylus broad in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FBB2FCACFBE8FCE1" box="[1026,1095,836,860]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1437,161,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
A), with complex multilobate medial projection (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FEDBFC8FFE01FCC2" box="[363,430,871,895]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1437,161,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
C). Right epandrial lamella (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FD5DFC8FFC94FCC2" box="[749,827,871,895]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[395,1197,183,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[383,1202,176,1948]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Microphorella similis sp. nov., posterior portion of male abdomen: (A) dorsal view; (B) right lateral view; (C) ventral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211526/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
B, 6D) partially overlapping right side of hypandrium, not fused with hypandrium; apical portion of epandrial lamella broad with, rounded apicoventral projection below ventral surstylus; basal portion of epandrial lamella with deep dorsal emargination bordering ventral margin of right cercus. Right surstylus (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FE59FC3CFD82FC51" box="[489,557,980,1004]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1437,161,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
D) with dorsal and ventral lobes separated by deep cleft through which right postgonite lobe protrudes. Dorsal lobe of right surstylus (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FCA5FC1FFCF8FBB2" box="[789,855,1015,1039]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1437,161,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
D) with subtriangular outer lobe bearing apical seta, and slender club-like medial lobe with expanded apex. Ventral lobe of right surstylus broad with tapered base, with narrow dorsoapical process and 2 strong hook-like setae along ventroapical margin. Hypandrium (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FAB0FBD7FAFFFBEA" box="[1280,1360,1087,1111]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[395,1197,183,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[383,1202,176,1948]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Microphorella similis sp. nov., posterior portion of male abdomen: (A) dorsal view; (B) right lateral view; (C) ventral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211526/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
A, 5B, 6A, 6E) large, reniform, posterior end deeply notched with associated longitudinal furrow forming shallow cavity for phallus, with 2 short dentiform projections left of notch. Postgonite with basal internal portion cradling base of phallus (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FF49FB44FEE6FB79" box="[249,329,1196,1220]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1437,161,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
A, 6E), left side with broad anterolateral apodeme; left and right postgonite lobes protruding out from between dorsal and ventral lobes of surstylus. Left postgonite lobe (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FC6BFB38FBB0FB55" box="[987,1055,1232,1256]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1437,161,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
A) with basal portion slender and curved, apical portion broad with complex cuticular projections medially, apex bifurcate. Right postgonite lobe (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FF2FFAF0FF4EFA8D" box="[159,225,1304,1328]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1437,161,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
E) broad basally, apical half narrower with fine pointed apical process. Phallus elongate, J-shaped (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FA84FAF0FA2EFA8D" box="[1332,1409,1304,1328]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1437,161,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
A, 6E), left side with pointed process near middle and second smaller pointed process preapically. Ejaculatory apodeme (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FEBCFA88FEF5FAC5" box="[268,346,1376,1400]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1437,161,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
A, 6E) laterally flattened, keel-like, with broad apex. Hypoproct (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FB8FFA88FB22FAC5" box="[1087,1165,1376,1400]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1437,161,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
A, 6B) projected as pair of upturned slender asymmetrical non-setose lobes. Cerci (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FC86FA6CFC2AFA21" box="[822,901,1412,1436]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[395,1197,183,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[383,1202,176,1948]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Microphorella similis sp. nov., posterior portion of male abdomen: (A) dorsal view; (B) right lateral view; (C) ventral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211526/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
C, 6B, 6E) asymmetrical, basilateral portion of right cercus enlarged and rounded; right and left cercus each with elongate apicolateral projection, apicomedial tubercle bearing 2 bristles (tubercle longer on left), and row of 3 setae along medial margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE13368CFF83FF96FF77FA18FD5BF85C" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2017]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF83FF96FF77FA18FEB1F9B5" bold="true" box="[199,286,1520,1544]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Female</emphasis>
: Body length
<quantity id="29549B69FF83FF96FE75FA07FDFEF9BA" box="[453,593,1519,1543]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7999999999999998" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="1.7999999999999998" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="1.7">1.7–1.9 mm</quantity>
, wing length
<quantity id="29549B69FF83FF96FD40FA07FCD3F9BA" box="[752,892,1519,1543]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="1.6" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.8 mm</quantity>
. Similar to male except as follows:
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF83FF96FAADFA18FAF2F9B5" bold="true" box="[1309,1373,1520,1544]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FADEFA07FF08F991" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1464,1487]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,284,1422]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,267,1442]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Heads in anterior view: (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., female; (C) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male (left eye depressed by shrinkage in its middle and lower parts); (D) Microphorella praecox (Loew), female. Photomicrographs are based on flies submerged in ethanol." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211524/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
B): Face about 2.3–2.8X width of anterior ocellus; antenna with stylus subequal to 2/3 length of postpedicel.
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF83FF96FF27F9D0FF5FF9ED" bold="true" box="[151,240,1592,1616]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Thorax</emphasis>
: Notopleuron sometimes with additional weaker setae in addition to 2 strong notopleural bristles.
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF83FF96FAECF9D0FA3BF9ED" bold="true" box="[1372,1428,1592,1616]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Legs</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF83FF96FF27F9B4FF40F9C9" box="[151,239,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Foreleg</emphasis>
: Femur without row of erect posteroventral setae; tibia without posterior and ventral rows of erect setae.
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF83FF96FF27F968FF49F925" box="[151,230,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Midleg</emphasis>
: Femur without row of long erect posteroventral setae; tarsomere 1 not bowed, without ventral comb-like row of hook-like setae, without strong basiventral setae.
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF83FF96FCACF94BFCF2F901" bold="true" box="[796,861,1699,1724]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Wing</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FCDDF94CFC68F901" box="[877,967,1700,1724]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1014,1037]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,226,974]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,181,1005]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Wings: (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male, close-up of anterior margin showing costal setae; (C) Microphorella similis sp. nov., female; (D) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male; (E) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male, close-up of anterior margin showing costal setae; (F) Microphorella praecox (Loew), female. Abbreviations: bm-m—basal medial crossvein; cua—anterior cubital (=anal) cell; CuA—anterior branch of cubital vein; dm—discal medial cell; dm-m—discal medial crossvein; M1—1st medial vein; M2—2nd medial vein; M4—4th medial vein; R1—1st radial vein; R2+3—2nd + 3rd radial vein; R4+5—4th + 5th radial vein." pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
): Costal setae proximal to apex of R1 not enlarged and widely spaced. R4+5 and M1 with curvature less pronounced.
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF83FF96FC51F922FBFAF95E" bold="true" box="[993,1109,1738,1763]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Abdomen</emphasis>
: Tapering posteriorly, apical segments partially retracted into segment 5; tergite and sternite 6 with row of well-developed posteromarginal setae. Terminalia (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FEDBF8FDFE1EF890" box="[363,433,1813,1837]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1369,1392]" captionTargetBox="[285,1300,463,1335]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[274,1312,453,1348]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Microphorella similis sp. nov., female terminalia: (A) left lateral view; (B) dorsal view; (C) ventral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; spmth—spermatheca; st—sternite; tg—tergite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211528/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
) with tergite 7 complete, narrow medially; sternite 7 complete; tergite 8 complete, not divided medially, anterior margin darkened and emarginate (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FC8CF8D1FCD0F8EC" box="[828,895,1849,1873]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1369,1392]" captionTargetBox="[285,1300,463,1335]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[274,1312,453,1348]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Microphorella similis sp. nov., female terminalia: (A) left lateral view; (B) dorsal view; (C) ventral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; spmth—spermatheca; st—sternite; tg—tergite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211528/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
B), not fused with sternite 8 anterolaterally (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FADEF8D1FF09F8C8" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1369,1392]" captionTargetBox="[285,1300,463,1335]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[274,1312,453,1348]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Microphorella similis sp. nov., female terminalia: (A) left lateral view; (B) dorsal view; (C) ventral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; spmth—spermatheca; st—sternite; tg—tergite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211528/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
A); sternite 8 complete, narrowing apically to short bifurcate tip (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FC2AF8B5FC4FF8C8" box="[922,992,1885,1909]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1369,1392]" captionTargetBox="[285,1300,463,1335]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[274,1312,453,1348]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Microphorella similis sp. nov., female terminalia: (A) left lateral view; (B) dorsal view; (C) ventral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; spmth—spermatheca; st—sternite; tg—tergite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211528/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
C); tergite 10 medially divided, with 2 long acanthophorite setae on each side (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FDE7F869FD34F824" box="[599,667,1921,1945]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1369,1392]" captionTargetBox="[285,1300,463,1335]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[274,1312,453,1348]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Microphorella similis sp. nov., female terminalia: (A) left lateral view; (B) dorsal view; (C) ventral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; spmth—spermatheca; st—sternite; tg—tergite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211528/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
B); sternite 10 medially divided into a pair of narrow elongate bands (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FF2FF84DFF4AF800" box="[159,229,1957,1981]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1369,1392]" captionTargetBox="[285,1300,463,1335]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[274,1312,453,1348]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Microphorella similis sp. nov., female terminalia: (A) left lateral view; (B) dorsal view; (C) ventral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; spmth—spermatheca; st—sternite; tg—tergite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211528/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
C); cercus short, rounded and fleshy, outer surface with several long setae; spermatheca an unsclerotized unpigmented tube with sperm pump at base (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF83FF96FD3EF821FD7DF85C" box="[654,722,1993,2017]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1369,1392]" captionTargetBox="[285,1300,463,1335]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[274,1312,453,1348]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Microphorella similis sp. nov., female terminalia: (A) left lateral view; (B) dorsal view; (C) ventral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; spmth—spermatheca; st—sternite; tg—tergite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211528/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
B).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="BAD36604FF84FF91FF27FB54FBE3FAAD" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211523/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" startId="4.[151,250,1212,1235]" targetBox="[162,1423,180,1195]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="EE13368CFF84FF91FF27FB54FBE3FAAD" blockId="4.[151,1437,1212,1296]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF84FF91FF27FB54FEBBFB6F" bold="true" box="[151,276,1212,1235]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
(A)
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF84FF91FEF7FB55FD8CFB6E" box="[327,547,1213,1235]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF84FF91FEF7FB55FD8CFB6E" box="[327,547,1213,1235]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Microphorella similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF84FF91FD9BFB55FDD2FB6F" bold="true" box="[555,637,1213,1234]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C7EB57E5FF84FF91FD9BFB55FDD2FB6F" box="[555,637,1213,1234]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, male habitus photograph; (B)
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF84FF91FC72FB55FB31FB6E" box="[962,1182,1213,1235]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF84FF91FC72FB55FB31FB6E" box="[962,1182,1213,1235]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Microphorella similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF84FF91FB16FB55FB57FB6F" bold="true" box="[1190,1272,1213,1234]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C7EB57E5FF84FF91FB16FB55FB57FB6F" box="[1190,1272,1213,1234]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, male head and antennae in anterolateral view; (C)
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF84FF91FD9EFB33FCD0FB4F" authority="Loew" authorityName="Loew" box="[558,895,1243,1266]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF84FF91FD9EFB33FC8EFB4C" box="[558,801,1243,1265]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Microphorella praecox</emphasis>
(Loew)
</taxonomicName>
, male head and antennae in anterolateral view. Photomicrographs are based on flies submerged in ethanol. Abbreviation: pped—postpedicel.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="A6B66507FF84FF91FF77FAD4FE8BFAC4" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EE13368CFF84FF91FF77FAD4FE8BFAC4" blockId="4.[151,1436,1340,2016]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF84FF91FF77FAD4FECFFAE8" bold="true" box="[199,352,1340,1365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF84FF91FEDFFAD5FDC7FAE8" box="[367,616,1341,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF84FF91FEDFFAD5FDC7FAE8" box="[367,616,1341,1365]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Microphorella similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently known only from the
<typeStatus id="3117882EFF84FF91FB91FAD6FBFEFAEB" box="[1057,1105,1342,1366]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">type</typeStatus>
locality at Leuk-Pfynwald,
<collectingCountry id="96BB761CFF84FF91FF27FA89FE8EFAC4" box="[151,289,1377,1401]" name="Switzerland" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66507FF84FF91FF77FA6CFEDAF862" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="EE13368CFF84FF91FF77FA6CFECFF9EC" blockId="4.[151,1436,1340,2016]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF84FF91FF77FA6CFD02FA20" bold="true" box="[199,685,1412,1437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">
Comparison with
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF84FF91FE2DFA6CFD09FA21" box="[413,678,1412,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF84FF91FE2DFA6CFD09FA21" bold="true" box="[413,678,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Microphorella praecox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF84FF91FD04FA6DFC0BFA20" box="[692,932,1413,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF84FF91FD04FA6DFC0BFA20" box="[692,932,1413,1437]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Microphorella similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
most closely resembles
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF84FF91FB05FA6EFA9AFA20" box="[1205,1333,1414,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF84FF91FB05FA6EFA9AFA20" box="[1205,1333,1414,1437]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">M. praecox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the
<typeStatus id="3117882EFF84FF91FADCFA6EFA33FA23" box="[1388,1436,1414,1438]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">type</typeStatus>
species. It shares with
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF84FF91FE28FA42FDB6FA7C" box="[408,537,1450,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF84FF91FE28FA42FDB6FA7C" box="[408,537,1450,1473]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">M. praecox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the following externally discernible characters: antenna (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF84FF91FB15FA41FB5EFA7C" box="[1189,1265,1449,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1212,1235]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,180,1195]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,171,1203]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male habitus photograph; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male head and antennae in anterolateral view; (C) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male head and antennae in anterolateral view. Photomicrographs are based on flies submerged in ethanol. Abbreviation: pped—postpedicel." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211523/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
B, 1C, 4A; see also
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B7DFF84FF91FF7DFA25FECFFA58" author="Chvala" box="[205,352,1485,1509]" firstAuthor="Chvala" journalOrPublisher="Acta entomologica Bohemoslovaca" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" pagination="352 - 372" part="85" refId="ref7504" refString="Chvala, M. (1988) Revision of Palearctic Microphoridae (Diptera) 3. Parathalassiinae (Parathalassius Mik and Microphorella Becker). Acta entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 85, 352 - 372." title="Revision of Palearctic Microphoridae (Diptera) 3. Parathalassiinae (Parathalassius Mik and Microphorella Becker)" type="journal article" year="1988">Chvála 1988</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 4) with postpedicel elongate, roughly conical, with broad basal portion and narrow distal portion, stylus claw-shaped (i.e., evenly tapered from base to pointed tip and gently curved ventrad), distinctly shorter than postpedicel in male, at most subequal in female, female terminalia (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF84FF91FB90F9FDFBCBF990" box="[1056,1124,1557,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1369,1392]" captionTargetBox="[285,1300,463,1335]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[274,1312,453,1348]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Microphorella similis sp. nov., female terminalia: (A) left lateral view; (B) dorsal view; (C) ventral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; spmth—spermatheca; st—sternite; tg—tergite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211528/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
) with sternite 8 narrow and bifurcate apically.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE13368CFF84FF91FF77F9B5FD68F8F2" blockId="4.[151,1436,1340,2016]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF84FF91FF77F9B5FE12F9C8" box="[199,445,1629,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF84FF91FF77F9B5FE12F9C8" box="[199,445,1629,1653]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Microphorella similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF84FF91FDEEF9B6FD4DF9C8" box="[606,738,1630,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF84FF91FDEEF9B6FD4DF9C8" box="[606,738,1630,1653]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">M. praecox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as follows: postpedicel shorter and stylus longer (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF84FF91FA89F9B5FAD2F9C8" box="[1337,1405,1629,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1212,1235]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,180,1195]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,171,1203]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male habitus photograph; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male head and antennae in anterolateral view; (C) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male head and antennae in anterolateral view. Photomicrographs are based on flies submerged in ethanol. Abbreviation: pped—postpedicel." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211523/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
B) (postpedicel longer and stylus shorter in
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF84FF91FDD6F96AFD49F924" box="[614,742,1666,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF84FF91FDD6F96AFD49F924" box="[614,742,1666,1689]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">M. praecox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF84FF91FD46F969FC9AF924" box="[758,821,1665,1689]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1212,1235]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,180,1195]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,171,1203]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male habitus photograph; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male head and antennae in anterolateral view; (C) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male head and antennae in anterolateral view. Photomicrographs are based on flies submerged in ethanol. Abbreviation: pped—postpedicel." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211523/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
C), R4+5 and M1 sinuous (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF84FF91FBE6F969FB46F924" box="[1110,1257,1665,1689]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1014,1037]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,226,974]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,181,1005]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Wings: (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male, close-up of anterior margin showing costal setae; (C) Microphorella similis sp. nov., female; (D) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male; (E) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male, close-up of anterior margin showing costal setae; (F) Microphorella praecox (Loew), female. Abbreviations: bm-m—basal medial crossvein; cua—anterior cubital (=anal) cell; CuA—anterior branch of cubital vein; dm—discal medial cell; dm-m—discal medial crossvein; M1—1st medial vein; M2—2nd medial vein; M4—4th medial vein; R1—1st radial vein; R2+3—2nd + 3rd radial vein; R4+5—4th + 5th radial vein." pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Figs. 3A, 3C</figureCitation>
) (straight in
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF84FF91FACDF96AFF5EF97D" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF84FF91FACDF96AFF5EF97D" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">M. praecox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF84FF91FEB0F94FFE3DF902" box="[256,402,1703,1727]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1014,1037]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,226,974]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,181,1005]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Wings: (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male, close-up of anterior margin showing costal setae; (C) Microphorella similis sp. nov., female; (D) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male; (E) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male, close-up of anterior margin showing costal setae; (F) Microphorella praecox (Loew), female. Abbreviations: bm-m—basal medial crossvein; cua—anterior cubital (=anal) cell; CuA—anterior branch of cubital vein; dm—discal medial cell; dm-m—discal medial crossvein; M1—1st medial vein; M2—2nd medial vein; M4—4th medial vein; R1—1st radial vein; R2+3—2nd + 3rd radial vein; R4+5—4th + 5th radial vein." pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Figs. 3D, 3F</figureCitation>
), ventral epandrial process lacking hump-like projection on ventral arm of furca (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF84FF91FA80F94FFAD1F902" box="[1328,1406,1703,1727]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1437,161,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
A) (projection present in
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF84FF91FE28F925FDB4F959" box="[408,539,1741,1764]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF84FF91FE28F925FDB4F959" box="[408,539,1741,1764]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">M. praecox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF84FF91FD9DF923FDDEF95E" box="[557,625,1739,1763]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1487,1510]" captionTargetBox="[184,1431,254,1486]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,239,1491]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Microphorella praecox (Loew), male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) hypopygium, right lateral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211529/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
A), left postgonite lobe with bifurcate apex (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF84FF91FBCDF923FB61F95E" box="[1149,1230,1739,1763]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1437,161,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
A) (pointed in
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF84FF91FACDF925FF5EF8B5" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF84FF91FACDF925FF5EF8B5" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">M. praecox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF84FF91FEB1F907FEECF8BA" box="[257,323,1775,1799]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1487,1510]" captionTargetBox="[184,1431,254,1486]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,239,1491]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Microphorella praecox (Loew), male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) hypopygium, right lateral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211529/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
A), phallus bearing pointed process near middle and lacking longitudinal serration (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF84FF91FAB0F907FAFFF8BA" box="[1280,1360,1775,1799]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1437,161,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
A, 6E) (process absent and serration present in
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF84FF91FDD1F8FDFD4DF891" box="[609,738,1813,1836]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF84FF91FDD1F8FDFD4DF891" box="[609,738,1813,1836]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">M. praecox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF84FF91FD42F8FBFC90F896" box="[754,831,1811,1835]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1487,1510]" captionTargetBox="[184,1431,254,1486]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,239,1491]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Microphorella praecox (Loew), male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) hypopygium, right lateral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211529/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
A, 8C), right cercus with basilateral portion enlarged (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF84FF91FF2FF8DFFF4DF8F2" box="[159,226,1847,1871]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1437,161,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
B) (less developed in
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF84FF91FE65F8D1FDFAF8ED" box="[469,597,1849,1872]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF84FF91FE65F8D1FDFAF8ED" box="[469,597,1849,1872]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">M. praecox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF84FF91FDD3F8DFFD0BF8F2" box="[611,676,1847,1871]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1487,1510]" captionTargetBox="[184,1431,254,1486]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,239,1491]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Microphorella praecox (Loew), male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) hypopygium, right lateral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211529/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
B).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE13368CFF84FF91FF77F8B4FEDAF862" blockId="4.[151,1436,1340,2016]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF84FF91FF77F8B4FE94F8C9" bold="true" box="[199,315,1884,1908]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Remarks.</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="3117882EFF84FF91FECCF8B4FE03F8C9" box="[380,428,1884,1908]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">type</typeStatus>
series of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF84FF91FD92F8B5FD3BF8C9" box="[546,660,1884,1908]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF84FF91FD92F8B5FD3BF8C9" box="[546,660,1884,1908]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">M. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was collected (along with specimens of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF84FF91FBC4F8B5FB58F8C9" box="[1140,1271,1885,1908]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF84FF91FBC4F8B5FB58F8C9" box="[1140,1271,1885,1908]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">M. praecox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) by sweeping above gravel in the floodplain of the Rhône River during mid May. Besides the
<typeStatus id="3117882EFF84FF91FBD4F868FB3BF825" box="[1124,1172,1920,1944]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">type</typeStatus>
series detailed above, additional specimens of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF84FF91FE01F84DFD8DF801" box="[433,546,1956,1980]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF84FF91FE01F84DFD8DF801" box="[433,546,1956,1980]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">M. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the same two collecting events at Leuk-Pfynwald, are deposited in the ZFMK and MHNG.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66507FF85FF90FF77FF70FC5BFF69" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="EE13368CFF85FF90FF77FF70FC5BFF69" blockId="5.[151,1435,151,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF85FF90FF77FF70FEE9FF0D" bold="true" box="[199,326,152,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Etymology</emphasis>
. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF85FF90FCD2FF70FC04FF0D" box="[866,939,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF85FF90FCD2FF70FC04FF0D" box="[866,939,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(=similar) referring to the similarity of this species to
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF85FF90FEBCFF54FDC5FF69" authority="Loew" authorityName="Loew" box="[268,618,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF85FF90FEBCFF54FDA2FF69" box="[268,525,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Microphorella praecox</emphasis>
(Loew)
</taxonomicName>
, the
<typeStatus id="3117882EFF85FF90FD2EFF55FD61FF68" box="[670,718,189,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">type</typeStatus>
species of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF85FF90FCFCFF54FC42FF69" box="[844,1005,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF85FF90FCFCFF54FC42FF69" box="[844,1005,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Microphorella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<mods:title id="23BE29C2FD696B6D186632C3535C41C2">Microphorella similis sp. nov. from Switzerland, a close relative of the type species, M. praecox (Loew) (Diptera: Dolichopodidae: Parathalassiinae)</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="EE13368CFF85FF90FF27F9B4FDA4F9CB" blockId="5.[151,523,1628,1687]" box="[151,523,1628,1654]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
<heading id="B55B81E0FF85FF90FF27F9B4FDA4F9CB" bold="true" box="[151,523,1628,1654]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF85FF90FF27F9B4FDA4F9CB" bold="true" box="[151,523,1628,1654]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF85FF90FF27F9B4FE03F9CB" bold="true" box="[151,428,1628,1654]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Microphorella praecox</emphasis>
(Loew)
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<subSubSection id="A6B66507FF85FF90FF27F997FE60F92A" box="[151,463,1663,1687]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE13368CFF85FF90FF27F997FE60F92A" blockId="5.[151,523,1628,1687]" box="[151,463,1663,1687]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
(
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF85FF90FF2FF997FEAFF92A" box="[159,256,1663,1687]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1212,1235]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,180,1195]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,171,1203]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male habitus photograph; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male head and antennae in anterolateral view; (C) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male head and antennae in anterolateral view. Photomicrographs are based on flies submerged in ethanol. Abbreviation: pped—postpedicel." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211523/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Figs. 1C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF85FF90FEBDF997FE9FF92A" box="[269,304,1663,1687]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1464,1487]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,284,1422]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,267,1442]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Heads in anterior view: (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., female; (C) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male (left eye depressed by shrinkage in its middle and lower parts); (D) Microphorella praecox (Loew), female. Photomicrographs are based on flies submerged in ethanol." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211524/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">2C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF85FF90FE8CF997FECEF92A" box="[316,353,1663,1687]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1464,1487]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,284,1422]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,267,1442]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Heads in anterior view: (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., female; (C) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male (left eye depressed by shrinkage in its middle and lower parts); (D) Microphorella praecox (Loew), female. Photomicrographs are based on flies submerged in ethanol." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211524/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">2D</figureCitation>
,
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,
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)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="A6B66507FF85FF90FF27F92FFD3DF946" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EE13368CFF85FF90FF27F92FFDB2F961" blockId="5.[151,658,1735,1788]" box="[151,541,1735,1757]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11A2FF85FF90FF27F92FFDB2F961" box="[151,541,1735,1757]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF85FF90FF27F92FFDB6F961" ID-CoL="8CVGZ" authority="Loew, 1864: 47" authorityName="Loew" authorityPageNumber="47" authorityYear="1864" box="[151,537,1735,1757]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF85FF90FF27F92FFEDDF960" box="[151,370,1735,1757]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Microphorus praecox</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D109DFF85FF90FEC8F920FDB6F961" author="Loew" box="[376,537,1735,1757]" page="47" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" year="1864">
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B7DFF85FF90FEC8F920FDB6F961" author="Loew, H." box="[376,537,1735,1757]" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift fur Entomologie" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 50" part="14" refId="ref7828" refString="Loew, H. (1864) Ueber die schlesischen Arten der Gattungen Tachypeza Meig. (Tachypeza, Tachista, Dysaletria) und Microphorus Macq. (Trichina und Microphorus). Zeitschrift fur Entomologie, 14 (1860), 1 - 50." title="Ueber die schlesischen Arten der Gattungen Tachypeza Meig. (Tachypeza, Tachista, Dysaletria) und Microphorus Macq. (Trichina und Microphorus)" type="journal article" year="1864">Loew, 1864: 47</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11A2FF85FF90FF27F90EFD3DF946" box="[151,658,1765,1788]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF85FF90FF27F90EFE7AF941" ID-CoL="433CN" authority="Loew" authorityName="Loew" box="[151,469,1766,1788]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF85FF90FF27F90EFE2EF941" box="[151,385,1766,1788]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Microphorella praecox</emphasis>
(Loew)
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D109DFF85FF90FE6FF90DFD21F946" author="Becker" box="[479,654,1765,1787]" page="28" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" year="1909">
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B7DFF85FF90FE6FF90DFD21F946" author="Becker" box="[479,654,1765,1787]" firstAuthor="Becker" page="28" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" refString="Becker, Th. (1909) Microphorus Macq. und seine nachsten Verwandten. (Diptera). Wiener entomologische Zeitung, 28, 25 - 28." type="journal article" year="1909">Becker, 1909: 28</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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<subSubSection id="A6B66507FF85FF93FF27F8C1FC28F85C" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EE13368CFF85FF90FF27F8C1FB50F86D" blockId="5.[151,1436,1832,2000]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF85FF90FF27F8C1FE6CF8FC" bold="true" box="[151,451,1832,1857]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
<typeStatus id="3117882EFF85FF90FF27F8C1FF7DF8FC" box="[151,210,1833,1857]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Type</typeStatus>
material examined.
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CD1FF85FF90FE7CF8C0FC5CF835" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3461743306" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF85FF90FE7CF8C0FDD7F8FC" bold="true" box="[460,632,1832,1857]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
<typeStatus id="3117882EFF85FF90FE7CF8C0FDD7F8FC" box="[460,632,1832,1857]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
3 (designated by
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B7DFF85FF90FCE0F8C0FC46F8FD" author="Chvala" box="[848,1001,1832,1856]" firstAuthor="Chvala" journalOrPublisher="Fauna entomologica Scandinavica" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 279" part="12" refId="ref7464" refString="Chvala, M. (1983) The Empidoidea (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. II. General part. The families Hybotidae, Atelestidae and Microphoridae. Fauna entomologica Scandinavica, 12, 1 - 279." title="The Empidoidea (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. II. General part. The families Hybotidae, Atelestidae and Microphoridae" type="journal article" year="1983">Chvála, 1983</bibRefCitation>
) from Polish Silesia (as “Schlesien”),
<collectingCountry id="96BB761CFF85FF90FF27F8A4FF47F8D9" box="[151,232,1868,1892]" name="Poland" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Poland</collectingCountry>
, labelled: “Karlowitz/ 10.5.[18]46.”; [small square purple label]; “
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF85FF90FC59F8A4FBD3F8D9" box="[1001,1148,1868,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Microphorus</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF85FF90FB3FF8A4FB48F8D9" box="[1167,1255,1868,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">praecox</taxonomicName>
/ m.”; “10570”; “
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF85FF90FF13F899FEB3F835" box="[163,284,1905,1928]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
<typeStatus id="3117882EFF85FF90FF13F899FEB3F835" box="[163,284,1905,1928]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="lectotype">Lectotypus</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
” [red label]; “Zool. Mus./ Berlin” [pale green label] (
<collectionCode id="88BDAE49FF85FF90FC24F898FC44F835" box="[916,1003,1904,1928]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">ZMHB</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF85FF90FBB1F898FABDF834" bold="true" box="[1025,1298,1904,1929]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
<typeStatus id="3117882EFF85FF90FBB1F898FAA2F834" box="[1025,1293,1904,1929]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="paralectotype">PARALECTOTYPES</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CD1FF85FF90FAADF898FD1DF811" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3461743303" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF85FF90FAADF898FA33F834" bold="true" box="[1309,1436,1904,1929]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="96BB761CFF85FF90FAADF898FA38F834" box="[1309,1431,1904,1929]" name="Poland" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">POLAND</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
13, 2♀, with same data as
<typeStatus id="3117882EFF85FF90FE67F87CFD91F811" box="[471,574,1940,1964]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="88BDAE49FF85FF90FDFFF87CFD09F811" box="[591,678,1940,1964]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">ZMHB</collectionCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CD1FF85FF90FD0DF87CFF51F86D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3461743309" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" typeStatus="paralectotype">
13, Posen,
<date id="9A12104CFF85FF90FCF4F87CFC04F811" box="[836,939,1940,1964]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" value="1841-05-01">1.V.1841</date>
, H. Loew [lacking red
<typeStatus id="3117882EFF85FF90FB0CF87CFAFCF811" box="[1212,1363,1940,1964]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
label] (
<collectionCode id="88BDAE49FF85FF90FF2FF850FF59F86D" box="[159,246,1976,2000]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">ZMHB</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CD1FF85FF90FEB9F850FBE0F86D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3461743304" box="[265,1103,1976,2000]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" typeStatus="paralectotype">
1♀, same data except
<date id="9A12104CFF85FF90FDB0F850FDDCF86D" box="[512,627,1976,2000]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" value="1842-05-14">14.V.1842</date>
[lacking red
<typeStatus id="3117882EFF85FF90FCB7F850FC31F86D" box="[775,926,1976,2000]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
label] (
<collectionCode id="88BDAE49FF85FF90FC43F850FBE8F86D" box="[1011,1095,1976,2000]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">ZMHB</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
(see Remarks).
</paragraph>
<caption id="BAD36604FF86FF93FF27FC1EFC12FB15" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" startId="6.[151,250,1014,1037]" subCaptionStartIDs="6.[235,382,1106,1128]" subCaptionStarts="Abbr" targetBox="[152,1432,226,974]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="EE13368CFF86FF93FF27FC1EFC12FB15" blockId="6.[151,1436,1014,1196]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF86FF93FF27FC1EFEBAFBB6" bold="true" box="[151,277,1014,1037]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Wings: (A)
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF86FF93FE29FC1EFDDAFBB1" box="[409,629,1014,1036]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF86FF93FE29FC1EFDDAFBB1" box="[409,629,1014,1036]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Microphorella similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF86FF93FDCEFC1FFD7EFBB1" bold="true" box="[638,721,1015,1036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C7EB57E5FF86FF93FDCEFC1FFD7EFBB1" box="[638,721,1015,1036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, male; (B)
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF86FF93FCFBFC1EFB88FBB1" box="[843,1063,1014,1036]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF86FF93FCFBFC1EFB88FBB1" box="[843,1063,1014,1036]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Microphorella similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF86FF93FB80FC1FFB2DFBB1" bold="true" box="[1072,1154,1015,1036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C7EB57E5FF86FF93FB80FC1FFB2DFBB1" box="[1072,1154,1015,1036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, male, close-up of anterior margin showing costal setae; (C)
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF86FF93FDB5FBFDFD4AFB96" box="[517,741,1045,1067]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF86FF93FDB5FBFDFD4AFB96" box="[517,741,1045,1067]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Microphorella similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF86FF93FD41FBFDFCE8FB97" bold="true" box="[753,839,1045,1066]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C7EB57E5FF86FF93FD41FBFDFCE8FB97" box="[753,839,1045,1066]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, female; (D)
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF86FF93FC50FBFDFA87FB96" authority="Loew" authorityName="Loew" box="[992,1320,1045,1067]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF86FF93FC50FBFDFB61FB96" box="[992,1230,1045,1067]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Microphorella praecox</emphasis>
(Loew)
</taxonomicName>
, male; (E)
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF86FF93FF27FBDBFE77FBF7" authority="Loew" authorityName="Loew" box="[151,472,1075,1098]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF86FF93FF27FBDBFE2CFBF4" box="[151,387,1075,1097]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Microphorella praecox</emphasis>
(Loew)
</taxonomicName>
, male, close-up of anterior margin showing costal setae; (F)
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF86FF93FBE6FBDBFA37FBF7" authority="Loew" authorityName="Loew" box="[1110,1432,1075,1098]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF86FF93FBE6FBDBFAECFBF4" box="[1110,1347,1075,1097]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Microphorella praecox</emphasis>
(Loew)
</taxonomicName>
, female. Abbreviations: bm-m—basal medial crossvein; cua—anterior cubital (=anal) cell; CuA—anterior branch of cubital vein; dm—discal medial cell; dm-m—discal medial crossvein; M1—1st medial vein; M2—2nd medial vein; M4—4th medial vein; R1—1st radial vein; R2+3—2nd + 3rd radial vein; R4+5—4th + 5th radial vein.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="BAD36604FF86FF93FF27F8F7FF61F8E9" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211525/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" startId="6.[151,250,1823,1846]" targetBox="[186,1395,1259,1793]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="EE13368CFF86FF93FF27F8F7FF61F8E9" blockId="6.[151,1436,1823,1876]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF86FF93FF27F8F7FEBCF888" bold="true" box="[151,275,1823,1846]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF86FF93FEABF8C8FE59F88B" box="[283,502,1824,1846]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF86FF93FEABF8C8FE59F88B" box="[283,502,1824,1846]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Microphorella similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF86FF93FE4DF8C8FDE0F888" bold="true" box="[509,591,1824,1845]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C7EB57E5FF86FF93FE4DF8C8FDE0F888" box="[509,591,1824,1845]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, male: (A) left antenna, lateral view; (B) midleg, apex of tibia and tarsus, anterior view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="EE13368CFF86FF93FF77F869FC28F85C" blockId="6.[151,1436,1921,2017]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF86FF93FF77F869FE53F827" bold="true" box="[199,508,1921,1946]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Other material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CD1FF86FF93FDB3F869FE40F800" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3461743313" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF86FF93FDB3F869FC98F827" bold="true" box="[515,823,1921,1946]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
<collectingCountry id="96BB761CFF86FF93FDB3F869FD76F827" box="[515,729,1921,1946]" name="Switzerland" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">SWITZERLAND</collectingCountry>
: Valais:
</emphasis>
13, 2♀, Leuk-Pfynwald, Rhône- Kiesbett,
<date id="9A12104CFF86FF93FA92F869FA37F824" box="[1314,1432,1921,1945]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" value="2000-05-16">16.V.2000</date>
, H. Ulrich (
<collectionCode id="88BDAE49FF86FF93FEA2F84DFECBF800" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" box="[274,356,1957,1981]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">ZFMK</collectionCode>
, in ethanol)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CD1FF86FF93FE4CF84DFB5FF800" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3461743312" box="[508,1264,1957,1981]" collectingDate="1999-05-27" collectionCode="MHNG" collectorName="B. Merz" country="Switzerland" location="Leuk-Pfynwald" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" region="Valais" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCountMale="1">
13,
<specimenCount id="F8AAFD05FF86FF93FD9FF84DFDFDF800" box="[559,594,1957,1981]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
,
<location id="EB736057FF86FF93FDD1F84DFCBDF800" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6605879AFF85FF9EFF27F9B4FD6FFDAA:EB736057FF86FF93FDD1F84DFCBDF800" box="[609,786,1957,1981]" name="Leuk-Pfynwald" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Leuk-Pfynwald</location>
,
<date id="9A12104CFF86FF93FCAFF84DFC3BF800" box="[799,916,1957,1981]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" value="1999-05-27">
<collectingDate id="8A56E9A4FF86FF93FCAFF84DFC3BF800" box="[799,916,1957,1981]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" value="1999-05-27">27.V.1999</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="4359535AFF86FF93FC11F84EFC50F800" box="[929,1023,1958,1981]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">B. Merz</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="88BDAE49FF86FF93FBBFF84DFBC9F800" box="[1039,1126,1957,1981]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">MHNG</collectionCode>
, in ethanol)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CD1FF86FF93FB4DF84DFEB9F85C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3461743307" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
13, 1♀, same data (
<collectionCode id="88BDAE49FF86FF93FF64F821FEBDF85C" box="[212,274,1993,2017]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">CNC</collectionCode>
,
</materialsCitation>
critical-point dried and mounted on pins from ethanol).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="BAD36604FF87FF92FF27F849FD8BF849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211526/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" startId="7.[151,250,1953,1976]" targetBox="[395,1197,183,1944]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="EE13368CFF87FF92FF27F849FD8BF849" blockId="7.[151,1436,1953,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF87FF92FF27F849FEBAF80A" bold="true" box="[151,277,1953,1976]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF87FF92FEADF849FE55F80A" box="[285,506,1953,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF87FF92FEADF849FE55F80A" box="[285,506,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Microphorella similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF87FF92FDB2F84AFDFAF80A" bold="true" box="[514,597,1954,1975]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C7EB57E5FF87FF92FDB2F84AFDFAF80A" box="[514,597,1954,1975]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, posterior portion of male abdomen: (A) dorsal view; (B) right lateral view; (C) ventral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="BAD36604FF88FF9DFF27F964FB2FF8A0" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" startId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" targetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="EE13368CFF88FF9DFF27F964FB2FF8A0" blockId="8.[151,1436,1676,1821]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF88FF9DFF27F964FEBDF91C" bold="true" box="[151,274,1676,1699]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF88FF9DFEA8F964FE5DF91F" box="[280,498,1676,1698]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF88FF9DFEA8F964FE5DF91F" box="[280,498,1676,1698]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Microphorella similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF88FF9DFE48F965FDE7F91F" bold="true" box="[504,584,1677,1698]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C7EB57E5FF88FF9DFE48F965FDE7F91F" box="[504,584,1677,1698]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="A6B66507FF88FF9CFF77F8ACFAB3FE2D" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EE13368CFF88FF9CFF77F8ACFAB3FE2D" blockId="8.[151,1436,1860,2028]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1436,151,400]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF88FF9DFF77F8ACFEEEF8E0" bold="true" box="[199,321,1860,1885]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF88FF9DFEF8F8ACFD0BF8E1" authority="Loew" authorityName="Loew" box="[328,676,1860,1884]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF88FF9DFEF8F8ACFDE5F8E1" box="[328,586,1860,1884]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Microphorella praecox</emphasis>
(Loew)
</taxonomicName>
is a medium-sized species for the genus (body length 1.2–2.0 mm), shining white when dry and with white setae, with long pointed antennae, which most closely resembles
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF88FF9DFA9DF881FA33F83D" box="[1325,1436,1896,1920]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF88FF9DFA9DF881FA33F83D" box="[1325,1436,1896,1920]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">M. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see ‘Comparison’ section of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF88FF9DFE58F865FDF7F819" box="[488,600,1932,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF88FF9DFE58F865FDF7F819" box="[488,600,1932,1956]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">M. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
above for a list of characters shared with
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF88FF9DFB8CF865FB12F819" box="[1084,1213,1933,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF88FF9DFB8CF865FB12F819" box="[1084,1213,1933,1956]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">M. praecox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and those differing from it). It is distinguished from other
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF88FF9DFDF5F858FD49F875" box="[581,742,1968,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF88FF9DFDF5F858FD49F875" box="[581,742,1968,1992]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Microphorella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species by the following combination of features: postpedicel (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF88FF9DFF2FF83CFF71F851" box="[159,222,2004,2028]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1212,1235]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,180,1195]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,171,1203]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male habitus photograph; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male head and antennae in anterolateral view; (C) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male head and antennae in anterolateral view. Photomicrographs are based on flies submerged in ethanol. Abbreviation: pped—postpedicel." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211523/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
C) elongate, roughly conical; stylus (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF88FF9DFD30F83CFD10F851" box="[640,703,2004,2028]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1212,1235]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,180,1195]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,171,1203]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male habitus photograph; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male head and antennae in anterolateral view; (C) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male head and antennae in anterolateral view. Photomicrographs are based on flies submerged in ethanol. Abbreviation: pped—postpedicel." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211523/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
C; see also
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B7DFF88FF9DFCF3F83CFC7BF851" author="Chvala" box="[835,980,2004,2028]" firstAuthor="Chvala" journalOrPublisher="Acta entomologica Bohemoslovaca" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" pagination="352 - 372" part="85" refId="ref7504" refString="Chvala, M. (1988) Revision of Palearctic Microphoridae (Diptera) 3. Parathalassiinae (Parathalassius Mik and Microphorella Becker). Acta entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 85, 352 - 372." title="Revision of Palearctic Microphoridae (Diptera) 3. Parathalassiinae (Parathalassius Mik and Microphorella Becker)" type="journal article" year="1988">Chvála 1988</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 4) claw-shaped, curved ventrad and pointed, distinctly shorter than postpedicel; male mid leg with tarsomere 1 bowed and bearing a ventral comb-like row of hook-like setae (cf.
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF89FF9CFE78FF54FDA3FF69" box="[456,524,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1823,1846]" captionTargetBox="[186,1395,1259,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[178,1408,1244,1802]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male: (A) left antenna, lateral view; (B) midleg, apex of tibia and tarsus, anterior view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211525/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
B); wing venation (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF89FF9CFD54FF54FCDCFF69" box="[740,883,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1014,1037]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,226,974]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,181,1005]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Wings: (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male, close-up of anterior margin showing costal setae; (C) Microphorella similis sp. nov., female; (D) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male; (E) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male, close-up of anterior margin showing costal setae; (F) Microphorella praecox (Loew), female. Abbreviations: bm-m—basal medial crossvein; cua—anterior cubital (=anal) cell; CuA—anterior branch of cubital vein; dm—discal medial cell; dm-m—discal medial crossvein; M1—1st medial vein; M2—2nd medial vein; M4—4th medial vein; R1—1st radial vein; R2+3—2nd + 3rd radial vein; R4+5—4th + 5th radial vein." pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Figs. 3D, 3F</figureCitation>
) with R4+5 and M1 straight, cell r2+3 not narrowing before apex; M2 and M4 weakly divergent beyond cell dm, costal section between M1 and M2 only slightly longer than section between M2 and M4; hypopygium with ventral epandrial process Y-shaped with ventral arm of furca slender and curved with hump-like projection at base (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF89FF9CFCB4FED8FCE8FEF5" box="[772,839,304,328]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1487,1510]" captionTargetBox="[184,1431,254,1486]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,239,1491]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Microphorella praecox (Loew), male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) hypopygium, right lateral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211529/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
A), left postgonite lobe (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF89FF9CFBD0FED8FB0CFEF5" box="[1120,1187,304,328]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1487,1510]" captionTargetBox="[184,1431,254,1486]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,239,1491]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Microphorella praecox (Loew), male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) hypopygium, right lateral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211529/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
A) with pointed apex, phallus with longitudinal serration and lacking pointed process near middle (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF89FF9CFC4CFEBCFBE5FED1" box="[1020,1098,340,364]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1487,1510]" captionTargetBox="[184,1431,254,1486]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,239,1491]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Microphorella praecox (Loew), male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) hypopygium, right lateral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211529/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
A, 8C); female terminalia (cf.
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF89FF9CFF27FE90FF76FE2D" box="[151,217,376,400]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1369,1392]" captionTargetBox="[285,1300,463,1335]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[274,1312,453,1348]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Microphorella similis sp. nov., female terminalia: (A) left lateral view; (B) dorsal view; (C) ventral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; spmth—spermatheca; st—sternite; tg—tergite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211528/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
) with acanthophorite setae, sternite 8 with apex narrow and bifurcate, cercus rounded and setose.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="BAD36604FF89FF9CFF27FAB1FC30FA2C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211528/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" startId="9.[151,250,1369,1392]" targetBox="[285,1300,463,1335]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="EE13368CFF89FF9CFF27FAB1FC30FA2C" blockId="9.[151,1437,1369,1426]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF89FF9CFF27FAB1FEB7FAD2" bold="true" box="[151,280,1369,1392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF89FF9CFE94FAB2FDACFACD" box="[292,515,1370,1392]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF89FF9CFE94FAB2FDACFACD" box="[292,515,1370,1392]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Microphorella similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF89FF9CFDBFFAB2FDCBFAD2" bold="true" box="[527,612,1370,1391]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C7EB57E5FF89FF9CFDBFFAB2FDCBFAD2" box="[527,612,1370,1391]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, female terminalia: (A) left lateral view; (B) dorsal view; (C) ventral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; spmth—spermatheca; st—sternite; tg—tergite.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="A6B66507FF89FF9FFF77FA28FB83F838" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE13368CFF89FF9FFF77FA28FDBAFF69" blockId="9.[151,1436,1472,2009]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1436,151,212]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF89FF9CFF77FA28FEDBFA64" bold="true" box="[199,372,1472,1497]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Redescription.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF89FF9CFECCFA29FD2FFA64" box="[380,640,1473,1497]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF89FF9CFECCFA29FD2FFA64" box="[380,640,1473,1497]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Microphorella praecox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was redescribed and illustrated in detail by
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B7DFF89FF9CFBC9FA29FF45FA40" author="Chvala, M." journalOrPublisher="Acta entomologica Bohemoslovaca" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" pagination="352 - 372" part="85" refId="ref7504" refString="Chvala, M. (1988) Revision of Palearctic Microphoridae (Diptera) 3. Parathalassiinae (Parathalassius Mik and Microphorella Becker). Acta entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 85, 352 - 372." title="Revision of Palearctic Microphoridae (Diptera) 3. Parathalassiinae (Parathalassius Mik and Microphorella Becker)" type="journal article" year="1988">Chvála (1988, figs. 4, 15, 16–18)</bibRefCitation>
. The following redescription includes supplemental details in light of the discovery of the closely related
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF89FF9CFACDFA0EFF4FF99C" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF89FF9CFACDFA0EFF4FF99C" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">M. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF89FF9CFF42F9E1FE81F99C" bold="true" box="[242,302,1545,1569]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Male</emphasis>
: Body length
<quantity id="29549B69FF89FF9CFE69F9E1FDC7F99C" box="[473,616,1545,1569]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="1.4" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.6 mm</quantity>
, wing length
<quantity id="29549B69FF89FF9CFCBAF9E1FC37F99C" box="[778,920,1545,1569]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.6 mm</quantity>
.
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF89FF9CFC16F9E1FC49F99C" bold="true" box="[934,998,1545,1569]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF89FF9CFC49F9E1FBE8F99C" box="[1017,1095,1545,1569]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1212,1235]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,180,1195]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,171,1203]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male habitus photograph; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male head and antennae in anterolateral view; (C) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male head and antennae in anterolateral view. Photomicrographs are based on flies submerged in ethanol. Abbreviation: pped—postpedicel." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211523/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
C, 2C): Similar to
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF89FF9CFA9AF9E2FA33F99C" box="[1322,1436,1545,1569]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF89FF9CFA9AF9E2FA33F99C" box="[1322,1436,1545,1569]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">M. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
except: face about 1.5–1.6X width of anterior ocellus, fronto-orbital bristles situated somewhat more anterior to posterior ocellus; antenna (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF89FF9CFE74F9B9FDACF9D4" box="[452,515,1617,1641]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1212,1235]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,180,1195]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,171,1203]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male habitus photograph; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male head and antennae in anterolateral view; (C) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male head and antennae in anterolateral view. Photomicrographs are based on flies submerged in ethanol. Abbreviation: pped—postpedicel." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211523/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
C; see also
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B7DFF89FF9CFD34F9B9FCBBF9D4" author="Chvala" box="[644,788,1617,1641]" firstAuthor="Chvala" journalOrPublisher="Acta entomologica Bohemoslovaca" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" pagination="352 - 372" part="85" refId="ref7504" refString="Chvala, M. (1988) Revision of Palearctic Microphoridae (Diptera) 3. Parathalassiinae (Parathalassius Mik and Microphorella Becker). Acta entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 85, 352 - 372." title="Revision of Palearctic Microphoridae (Diptera) 3. Parathalassiinae (Parathalassius Mik and Microphorella Becker)" type="journal article" year="1988">Chvála 1988</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 4) with postpedicel about
<date id="9A12104CFF89FF9CFBDCF9B9FB21F9D4" box="[1132,1166,1617,1641]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">4X</date>
longer than wide, broad basal portion about 1/2 length of narrow distal portion; stylus claw-shaped, 1/4–1/3 length of postpedicel.
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF89FF9CFA8CF99DFA3BF930" bold="true" box="[1340,1428,1653,1677]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Thorax</emphasis>
: Similar to
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF89FF9CFEA0F972FE2FF90C" box="[272,384,1689,1713]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF89FF9CFEA0F972FE2FF90C" box="[272,384,1689,1713]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">M. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF89FF9CFE20F971FE67F90C" bold="true" box="[400,456,1689,1713]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Legs</emphasis>
: Similar to
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF89FF9CFDE3F972FD6CF90C" box="[595,707,1689,1713]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF89FF9CFDE3F972FD6CF90C" box="[595,707,1689,1713]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">M. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF89FF9CFD63F970FCBBF90C" bold="true" box="[723,788,1688,1713]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Wing</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF89FF9CFC94F971FC15F90C" box="[804,954,1689,1713]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1014,1037]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,226,974]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,181,1005]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Wings: (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male, close-up of anterior margin showing costal setae; (C) Microphorella similis sp. nov., female; (D) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male; (E) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male, close-up of anterior margin showing costal setae; (F) Microphorella praecox (Loew), female. Abbreviations: bm-m—basal medial crossvein; cua—anterior cubital (=anal) cell; CuA—anterior branch of cubital vein; dm—discal medial cell; dm-m—discal medial crossvein; M1—1st medial vein; M2—2nd medial vein; M4—4th medial vein; R1—1st radial vein; R2+3—2nd + 3rd radial vein; R4+5—4th + 5th radial vein." pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Figs. 3D, 3E</figureCitation>
): Similar to
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF89FF9CFBFAF972FB15F90C" box="[1098,1210,1689,1713]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF89FF9CFBFAF972FB15F90C" box="[1098,1210,1689,1713]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">M. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
except: cell r2+3 not distinctly narrowing before apex; R4+5 and M1 straight, diverging apically; M2 and M4 weakly divergent beyond cell dm; costal section between M1 and M2 only slightly longer than costal section between M2 and M4.
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF89FF9CFAAFF90EFA3BF942" bold="true" box="[1311,1428,1766,1791]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Abdomen</emphasis>
: Similar to
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF89FF9CFEAAF8E7FE21F898" box="[282,398,1805,1830]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF89FF9CFEAAF8E7FE21F898" box="[282,398,1805,1830]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">M. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
except:
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF89FF9CFE4AF8E7FD26F89B" box="[506,649,1807,1830]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Hypopygium</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF89FF9CFD2FF8E5FD46F898" box="[671,745,1805,1829]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1487,1510]" captionTargetBox="[184,1431,254,1486]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,239,1491]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Microphorella praecox (Loew), male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) hypopygium, right lateral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211529/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
): Ventral epandrial process (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF89FF9CFBF3F8E5FB24F898" box="[1091,1163,1805,1829]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1487,1510]" captionTargetBox="[184,1431,254,1486]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,239,1491]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Microphorella praecox (Loew), male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) hypopygium, right lateral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211529/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
A) with broader apical furcation, ventral arm slender and curved with hump-like projection at base; dorsal lobe of left surstylus (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF89FF9CFA8CF8D9FAD2F8F4" box="[1340,1405,1841,1865]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1487,1510]" captionTargetBox="[184,1431,254,1486]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,239,1491]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Microphorella praecox (Loew), male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) hypopygium, right lateral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211529/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
A) with slender medial lobe rounded apically, not shallowly furcate; ventral lobe of left surstylus with similar complex multilobate medial projection (cf.
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF89FF9CFD9AF891FDDDF82C" box="[554,626,1913,1937]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,194,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[149,1437,161,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microphorella similis sp. nov., male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) left surstylus (dorsal view); (D) right epandrial lamella, right lateral view; (E) hypopygium, right lateral view (right epandrial lamella removed). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt—postgonite; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211527/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
C); basal portion of right epandrial lamella with dorsal emargination slightly less pronounced (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF89FF9CFE0FF875FDABF808" box="[447,516,1949,1973]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1487,1510]" captionTargetBox="[184,1431,254,1486]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,239,1491]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Microphorella praecox (Loew), male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) hypopygium, right lateral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211529/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
C); apical portion of left postgonite lobe (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF89FF9CFC5AF875FB95F808" box="[1002,1082,1949,1973]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1487,1510]" captionTargetBox="[184,1431,254,1486]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,239,1491]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Microphorella praecox (Loew), male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) hypopygium, right lateral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211529/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
A, 8C) with complex cuticular projections medially, apex narrow, pointed, not bifurcate; phallus (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF89FF9CFC19F829FC54F864" box="[937,1019,1985,2009]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1487,1510]" captionTargetBox="[184,1431,254,1486]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,239,1491]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Microphorella praecox (Loew), male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) hypopygium, right lateral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211529/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
A, 8C), with longitudinal serration, lacking pointed process near middle, with short pointed preapical process present; right cercus (
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF8AFF9FFB4DFF7FFAEDFF12" box="[1277,1346,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1487,1510]" captionTargetBox="[184,1431,254,1486]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,239,1491]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Microphorella praecox (Loew), male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) hypopygium, right lateral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211529/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
B) with basilateral portion less developed.
</paragraph>
<caption id="BAD36604FF8AFF9FFF27FA27FD34F9FF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211529/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" startId="10.[151,250,1487,1510]" targetBox="[184,1431,254,1486]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="EE13368CFF8AFF9FFF27FA27FD34F9FF" blockId="10.[151,1436,1487,1602]" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF8AFF9FFF27FA27FEBBFA58" bold="true" box="[151,276,1487,1510]" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF8AFF9FFEACFA38FDF3FA5B" authority="Loew" authorityName="Loew" box="[284,604,1488,1510]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF8AFF9FFEACFA38FDA9FA5B" box="[284,518,1488,1510]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">Microphorella praecox</emphasis>
(Loew)
</taxonomicName>
, male terminalia: (A) hypopygium, left lateral view; (B) cerci (dorsal view); (C) hypopygium, right lateral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; d sur—dorsal lobe of surstylus; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; hyprct—hypoproct; pgt lb—postgonite lobe; ph—phallus; st—sternite; tg—tergite; v epand proc—ventral epandrial process; v sur—ventral lobe of surstylus.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="EE13368CFF8AFF9FFF77F97BFB83F838" blockId="10.[151,1436,1682,2034]" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF8AFF9FFF77F97BFEB1F916" bold="true" box="[199,286,1683,1707]" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">Female</emphasis>
: Body length 1.8–2.0 mm, wing length
<quantity id="29549B69FF8AFF9FFD40F97AFCD3F917" box="[752,892,1682,1706]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5499999999999998" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="1.5499999999999998" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.7 mm</quantity>
. Similar to male except as follows:
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF8AFF9FFAADF97BFAF2F916" bold="true" box="[1309,1373,1683,1707]" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF8AFF9FFADEF97AFF08F972" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1464,1487]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,284,1422]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,267,1442]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Heads in anterior view: (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., female; (C) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male (left eye depressed by shrinkage in its middle and lower parts); (D) Microphorella praecox (Loew), female. Photomicrographs are based on flies submerged in ethanol." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211524/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
D): Face about 1.7–2.3X width of anterior ocellus; antennal stylus length from little more than half to 2/3 length of postpedicel; postpedicel with broad basal portion about equal in length to narrow distal portion.
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF8AFF9FFB45F933FA82F94E" bold="true" box="[1269,1325,1755,1779]" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">Legs</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF8AFF9FFA8CF933FA3CF94E" box="[1340,1427,1755,1779]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">Foreleg</emphasis>
: Femur without row of erect posteroventral setae; tibia without posterior and ventral rows of erect setae.
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF8AFF9FFAF5F917FA3BF8AA" box="[1349,1428,1791,1815]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">Midleg</emphasis>
: Femur without row of long erect posteroventral setae; tarsomere 1 not bowed, without strong basiventral setae, without ventral comb-like row of hook-like setae.
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF8AFF9FFD78F8AEFCA7F8E2" bold="true" box="[712,776,1862,1887]" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">Wing</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF8AFF9FFCA8F8AFFCC2F8E2" box="[792,877,1863,1887]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1014,1037]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,226,974]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,181,1005]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Wings: (A) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male; (B) Microphorella similis sp. nov., male, close-up of anterior margin showing costal setae; (C) Microphorella similis sp. nov., female; (D) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male; (E) Microphorella praecox (Loew), male, close-up of anterior margin showing costal setae; (F) Microphorella praecox (Loew), female. Abbreviations: bm-m—basal medial crossvein; cua—anterior cubital (=anal) cell; CuA—anterior branch of cubital vein; dm—discal medial cell; dm-m—discal medial crossvein; M1—1st medial vein; M2—2nd medial vein; M4—4th medial vein; R1—1st radial vein; R2+3—2nd + 3rd radial vein; R4+5—4th + 5th radial vein." pageId="10" pageNumber="55">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
): Costal setae proximal to apex of R1 not enlarged and widely spaced.
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF8AFF9FFEC4F885FE46F83B" bold="true" box="[372,489,1901,1926]" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">Abdomen</emphasis>
: Terminalia similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF8AFF9FFC88F887FC09F838" box="[824,934,1901,1926]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF8AFF9FFC88F887FC09F838" box="[824,934,1901,1926]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">M. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(cf.
<figureCitation id="76972A09FF8AFF9FFC6AF885FBB1F838" box="[986,1054,1901,1925]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1369,1392]" captionTargetBox="[285,1300,463,1335]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[274,1312,453,1348]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Microphorella similis sp. nov., female terminalia: (A) left lateral view; (B) dorsal view; (C) ventral view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; spmth—spermatheca; st—sternite; tg—tergite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211528/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66507FF8AFF9EFF77F879FA34FF69" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EE13368CFF8AFF9EFF77F879FA34FF69" blockId="10.[151,1436,1682,2034]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1436,151,535]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF8AFF9FFF77F879FECFF817" bold="true" box="[199,352,1937,1962]" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF8AFF9FFED9F87AFDC2F817" box="[361,621,1938,1962]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF8AFF9FFED9F87AFDC2F817" box="[361,621,1938,1962]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">Microphorella praecox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in central and northern Europe and has been recorded from the Italian mainland,
<collectingCountry id="96BB761CFF8AFF9FFEC8F85DFDAEF870" box="[376,513,1973,1997]" name="Switzerland" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB761CFF8AFF9FFDAAF85DFD2BF870" box="[538,644,1973,1997]" name="Germany" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">Germany</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB761CFF8AFF9FFD2DF85DFCADF870" box="[669,770,1973,1997]" name="Slovakia" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">Slovakia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB761CFF8AFF9FFCABF85EFCD1F873" box="[795,894,1974,1998]" name="Hungary" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">Hungary</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB761CFF8AFF9FFC28F85DFC46F870" box="[920,1001,1973,1997]" name="Poland" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">Poland</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB761CFF8AFF9FFBB1F85DFBF9F870" box="[1025,1110,1973,1997]" name="Finland" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">Finland</collectingCountry>
and northwestern
<collectingCountry id="96BB761CFF8AFF9FFAE1F85DFA33F870" box="[1361,1436,1973,1997]" name="Russia" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">Russia</collectingCountry>
(Zelenegorsk) (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B7DFF8AFF9FFEF9F831FE4CF84C" author="Chvala" box="[329,483,2009,2033]" firstAuthor="Chvala" journalOrPublisher="Acta entomologica Bohemoslovaca" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" pagination="352 - 372" part="85" refId="ref7504" refString="Chvala, M. (1988) Revision of Palearctic Microphoridae (Diptera) 3. Parathalassiinae (Parathalassius Mik and Microphorella Becker). Acta entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 85, 352 - 372." title="Revision of Palearctic Microphoridae (Diptera) 3. Parathalassiinae (Parathalassius Mik and Microphorella Becker)" type="journal article" year="1988">Chvála 1988</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B7DFF8AFF9FFE45F831FD9FF84C" author="Chvala" box="[501,560,2009,2033]" editor="Soos, A. &amp; Papp, L." firstAuthor="Chvala" journalOrPublisher="Elsevier Science Publishing" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" pagination="171 - 174" refId="ref7539" refString="Chvala, M. (1989) Microphoridae. In: Soos, A. &amp; Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera, volume 6, Therevidae - Empididae. Elsevier Science Publishing, pp. 171 - 174." title="Microphoridae" type="journal article" volumeTitle="Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera, volume 6, Therevidae - Empididae" year="1989">1989</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B7DFF8AFF9FFDF2F831FDD1F84C" accessDate="invalid" author="Chvala" box="[578,638,2009,2033]" firstAuthor="Chvala" journalOrPublisher="Fauna Europaea" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" publicationUrl="http://www.faunaeur.org" refId="ref7586" refString="Chvala, M. (2011) Fauna Europaea: Microphoridae. Fauna Europaea version 2.4, http: // www. faunaeur. org (accessed December 6, 2011)." title="Fauna Europaea: Microphoridae" type="journal article" year="2011">2011</bibRefCitation>
). As noted by
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B7DFF8AFF9FFC8AF831FC4CF84C" author="Chvala" box="[826,995,2009,2033]" firstAuthor="Chvala" journalOrPublisher="Acta entomologica Bohemoslovaca" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" pagination="352 - 372" part="85" refId="ref7504" refString="Chvala, M. (1988) Revision of Palearctic Microphoridae (Diptera) 3. Parathalassiinae (Parathalassius Mik and Microphorella Becker). Acta entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 85, 352 - 372." title="Revision of Palearctic Microphoridae (Diptera) 3. Parathalassiinae (Parathalassius Mik and Microphorella Becker)" type="journal article" year="1988">Chvála (1988)</bibRefCitation>
, the record of this species from the Ostrobottnia borealis (ObS) region of
<collectingCountry id="96BB761CFF8BFF9EFDFBFF7FFD0EFF12" box="[587,673,151,175]" name="Finland" pageId="11" pageNumber="56">Finland</collectingCountry>
by
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B7DFF8BFF9EFD7EFF70FC25FF12" author="Krogerus" box="[718,906,151,176]" firstAuthor="Krogerus" journalOrPublisher="Acta zoologica Fennica" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" pagination="1 - 308" part="12" refId="ref7797" refString="Krogerus, R. (1932) Uber die Okologie und Verbreitung der Arthropoden der Triebsandgebiete an den Kusten Finnlands. Acta zoologica Fennica, 12, 1 - 308." title="Uber die Okologie und Verbreitung der Arthropoden der Triebsandgebiete an den Kusten Finnlands" type="journal article" year="1932">Krogerus (1932)</bibRefCitation>
cannot be confirmed because the material has been lost. Some of the distribution records of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF8BFF9EFD27FF55FCB9FF69" box="[663,790,189,212]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF8BFF9EFD27FF55FCB9FF69" box="[663,790,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="56">M. praecox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may actually refer to
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF8BFF9EFBBDFF55FBD3FF69" box="[1037,1148,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF8BFF9EFBBDFF55FBD3FF69" box="[1037,1148,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="56">M. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and need to be validated.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66507FF8BFF9EFF77FF08FD6FFDAA" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="EE13368CFF8BFF9EFF77FF08FE9DFED8" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,535]" pageId="11" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF8BFF9EFF77FF08FE94FF45" bold="true" box="[199,315,224,248]" pageId="11" pageNumber="56">Remarks.</emphasis>
Adults of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF8BFF9EFE08FF08FD12FF45" box="[440,701,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF8BFF9EFE08FF08FD12FF45" box="[440,701,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="56">Microphorella praecox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are known to occur on sandy river banks from April to June in Central Europe (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B7DFF8BFF9EFEE1FEECFE4AFEA1" author="Chvala" box="[337,485,260,284]" firstAuthor="Chvala" journalOrPublisher="Fauna entomologica Scandinavica" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" pagination="1 - 279" part="12" refId="ref7464" refString="Chvala, M. (1983) The Empidoidea (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. II. General part. The families Hybotidae, Atelestidae and Microphoridae. Fauna entomologica Scandinavica, 12, 1 - 279." title="The Empidoidea (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. II. General part. The families Hybotidae, Atelestidae and Microphoridae" type="journal article" year="1983">Chvála 1983</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B7DFF8BFF9EFE40FEECFD84FEA1" author="Chvala" box="[496,555,260,284]" firstAuthor="Chvala" journalOrPublisher="Acta entomologica Bohemoslovaca" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" pagination="352 - 372" part="85" refId="ref7504" refString="Chvala, M. (1988) Revision of Palearctic Microphoridae (Diptera) 3. Parathalassiinae (Parathalassius Mik and Microphorella Becker). Acta entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 85, 352 - 372." title="Revision of Palearctic Microphoridae (Diptera) 3. Parathalassiinae (Parathalassius Mik and Microphorella Becker)" type="journal article" year="1988">1988</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B7DFF8BFF9EFD87FEECFC2FFEA1" author="Shamshev &amp; Grootaert" box="[567,896,260,284]" firstAuthor="Shamshev" journalOrPublisher="The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" pagination="45 - 58" part="52" refId="ref7939" refString="Shamshev, I. V. &amp; Grootaert, P. (2004) Descriptions of four new species of the genus Microphorella Becker (Diptera: Empidoidea, Microphoridae, Parathalassiini) from Southeast Asia and New Guinea, with notes on the relationships within the genus. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 52 (1), 45 - 58." title="Descriptions of four new species of the genus Microphorella Becker (Diptera: Empidoidea, Microphoridae, Parathalassiini) from Southeast Asia and New Guinea, with notes on the relationships within the genus" type="journal article" year="2004">Shamshev &amp; Grootaert 2004</bibRefCitation>
). The
<collectingCountry id="96BB761CFF8BFF9EFC76FEECFBA8FEA1" box="[966,1031,260,284]" name="Switzerland" pageId="11" pageNumber="56">Swiss</collectingCountry>
material from
<date id="9A12104CFF8BFF9EFB00FEECFAF7FEA1" box="[1200,1368,260,284]" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" value="1999" valueMax="2000">1999 and 2000</date>
listed above was collected (along with specimens of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D0FFF8BFF9EFD11FEC1FCA0FEFD" box="[673,783,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Microphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EA9EFF8BFF9EFD11FEC1FCA0FEFD" box="[673,783,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="56">M. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) by sweeping above gravel in the floodplain of the Rhône River in May.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE13368CFF8BFF9EFF77FE87FD6FFDAA" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,535]" pageId="11" pageNumber="56">
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B7DFF8BFF9EFF77FE87FECCFE3A" author="Chvala" box="[199,355,367,391]" firstAuthor="Chvala" journalOrPublisher="Fauna entomologica Scandinavica" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" pagination="1 - 279" part="12" refId="ref7464" refString="Chvala, M. (1983) The Empidoidea (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. II. General part. The families Hybotidae, Atelestidae and Microphoridae. Fauna entomologica Scandinavica, 12, 1 - 279." title="The Empidoidea (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. II. General part. The families Hybotidae, Atelestidae and Microphoridae" type="journal article" year="1983">Chvála (1983</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B7DFF8BFF9EFEC2FE87FE04FE3A" author="Chvala" box="[370,427,367,391]" firstAuthor="Chvala" journalOrPublisher="Acta entomologica Bohemoslovaca" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" pagination="352 - 372" part="85" refId="ref7504" refString="Chvala, M. (1988) Revision of Palearctic Microphoridae (Diptera) 3. Parathalassiinae (Parathalassius Mik and Microphorella Becker). Acta entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 85, 352 - 372." title="Revision of Palearctic Microphoridae (Diptera) 3. Parathalassiinae (Parathalassius Mik and Microphorella Becker)" type="journal article" year="1988">1988</bibRefCitation>
) considered the male
<typeStatus id="3117882EFF8BFF9EFD1DFE87FCEBFE3A" box="[685,836,367,391]" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
collected on
<date id="9A12104CFF8BFF9EFC52FE87FBE8FE3A" box="[994,1095,367,391]" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" value="1841-05-01">1.V.1841</date>
and the female
<typeStatus id="3117882EFF8BFF9EFAB5FE87FA33FE3A" box="[1285,1436,367,391]" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
collected on
<date id="9A12104CFF8BFF9EFE97FE7CFE35FE11" box="[295,410,404,428]" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" value="1842-05-14">14.V.1842</date>
to be from Karlowitz (= Karlowice Wielkie NE of Nysa,
<collectingCountry id="96BB761CFF8BFF9EFB95FE7CFBD7FE11" box="[1061,1144,404,428]" name="Poland" pageId="11" pageNumber="56">Poland</collectingCountry>
). However, it seems more likely that these two specimens are the
<typeStatus id="3117882EFF8BFF9EFDFDFE5FFD40FE72" box="[589,751,439,463]" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
from Posen (Poznań) that
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B7DFF8BFF9EFBA9FE5FFB1DFE72" author="Chvala" box="[1049,1202,439,463]" firstAuthor="Chvala" journalOrPublisher="Fauna entomologica Scandinavica" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" pagination="1 - 279" part="12" refId="ref7464" refString="Chvala, M. (1983) The Empidoidea (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. II. General part. The families Hybotidae, Atelestidae and Microphoridae. Fauna entomologica Scandinavica, 12, 1 - 279." title="The Empidoidea (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. II. General part. The families Hybotidae, Atelestidae and Microphoridae" type="journal article" year="1983">Chvála (1983</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B7DFF8BFF9EFB0EFE5FFB57FE72" author="Chvala" box="[1214,1272,439,463]" firstAuthor="Chvala" journalOrPublisher="Acta entomologica Bohemoslovaca" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" pagination="352 - 372" part="85" refId="ref7504" refString="Chvala, M. (1988) Revision of Palearctic Microphoridae (Diptera) 3. Parathalassiinae (Parathalassius Mik and Microphorella Becker). Acta entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 85, 352 - 372." title="Revision of Palearctic Microphoridae (Diptera) 3. Parathalassiinae (Parathalassius Mik and Microphorella Becker)" type="journal article" year="1988">1988</bibRefCitation>
) considered to be lost. Both specimens lack locality labels, an indication of material that was collected by Loew at his home, in Posen (J. Ziegler, pers. comm., December, 2011).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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263
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<paragraph id="EE1336FE6520FFBB59F861E2D7560680" blockId="1.[151,632,1466,1529]" box="[151,632,1466,1493]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">
<heading id="B55B81926520FFBB59F861E2D7560680" bold="true" box="[151,632,1466,1493]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6520FFBB59F861E2D7560680" ID-CoL="6TMVH" authority="(Leech, 1889)" baseAuthorityName="Leech" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[151,632,1466,1493]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Paracymoriza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6520FFBB59F861E2D7560680" bold="true" box="[151,632,1466,1493]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6520FFBB59F861E2D4E60681" bold="true" box="[151,456,1466,1493]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">Paracymoriza distinctalis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6520FFBB58B761E3D7410680" author="Leech, J. H." box="[472,623,1466,1492]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" pagination="62 - 71" refId="ref13652" refString="Leech, J. H. (1889) New species of Deltoids and Pyrales from Corea, North China, and Japan. The Entomologist, London, 22 (310), 62 - 71, pls. 2 - 4. [https: // biostor. org / reference / 60935]" type="journal article" year="1889">Leech, 1889</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756520FFBB59F86186D4B706AD" box="[151,409,1503,1529]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6520FFBB59F86186D4B706AD" blockId="1.[151,632,1466,1529]" box="[151,409,1503,1529]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">
(
<figureCitation id="76972A7B6520FFBB59F06186D42D06AD" box="[159,259,1503,1529]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,401,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-102@3.[151,1436,378,1867]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adults of 14 species newly recorded from Korea. Scale bar=5 mm. A. Paracymoriza distinctalis, B. Pseudocatharylla duplicellus, C. Psammotis orientalis, D. Anania albeoverbascalis, E. Anania stachydalis, F. Ecpyrrhorrhoe rubiginalis, G. Scoparia iwasakii, H. Haritalodes basipunctalis, I. Nagiella inferior, J. Notarcha aurolinealis, K. Herpetogramma okamotoi, L. Glyphodes formosanus, M. Mecyna fusei, and N. Udea tritalis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786073" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786073/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">Figs. 1A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A7B6520FFBB58606186D44C06AD" box="[271,354,1503,1529]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1119,1143]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,181,1091]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[151,1436,181,1096]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male genitalia of the Crambidae from Korea. Scale bar = 1mm (A, E, G, I, K), 0.5mm (B, C, D. F, H, J, L). A, B. Paracymoriza distinctalis; C, D. Pseudocatharylla duplicellus; E, F. Anania albeoverbascalis; G, H. Scoparia iwasakii; I, J. Haritalodes basipunctalis; K, L. Nagiella inferior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786079" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786079/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">2A, 2B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A7B6520FFBB58016186D4BC06AD" box="[366,402,1503,1529]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[264,1324,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[264,1324,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Female genitalia of the Crambidae from Korea. Scale bar = 1mm. A. Paracymoriza distinctalis, B. Pseudocatharylla duplicellus, C. Psammotis orientalis, D. Anania albeoverbascalis, E. Anania stachydalis, F. Ecpyrrhorrhoe rubiginalis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786083" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786083/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">3A</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756520FFBB59F8627DD7BB05C3" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6520FFBB59F8627DD69C056F" blockId="1.[151,1136,1571,1687]" box="[151,946,1571,1595]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D06520FFBB59F8627DD69C056F" box="[151,946,1571,1595]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF6520FFBB59F8627DD735056F" author="Leech, J. H." box="[151,539,1571,1595]" page="67" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" year="1889">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6520FFBB59F8627DD735056F" ID-CoL="9B228" authority="Leech, 1889: 67" authorityName="Leech" authorityPageNumber="67" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,539,1571,1595]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Diasemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6520FFBB59F8627DD440056F" box="[151,366,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">Diasemia distinctalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6520FFBB581B627AD735056F" author="Leech, J. H." box="[372,539,1571,1595]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" pagination="62 - 71" refId="ref13652" refString="Leech, J. H. (1889) New species of Deltoids and Pyrales from Corea, North China, and Japan. The Entomologist, London, 22 (310), 62 - 71, pls. 2 - 4. [https: // biostor. org / reference / 60935]" type="journal article" year="1889">Leech, 1889: 67</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. TL:
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6520FFBB5B3E627AD7BE056F" box="[593,656,1571,1595]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">China</collectingCountry>
, Snowy Valley near Ningpo.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6520FFBB59F8621BD15E050E" blockId="1.[151,1136,1571,1687]" box="[151,1136,1602,1626]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D06520FFBB59F8621BD15E050E" box="[151,1136,1602,1626]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6520FFBB59F8621BD4BA050E" authorityName="South" authorityYear="1901" box="[151,404,1602,1626]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Parthenodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangulalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6520FFBB59F8621BD4BA050E" box="[151,404,1602,1626]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">Parthenodes triangulalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
South in
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF6520FFBB5899621BD62A050E" author="Leech, J. H. &amp; South, R." box="[502,772,1602,1626]" page="438" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" year="1901">
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6520FFBB5899621BD62A050E" author="Leech, J. H. &amp; South, R." box="[502,772,1602,1626]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" pagination="385 - 514" refId="ref13586" refString="Leech, J. H. &amp; South, R. (1901) Lepidoptera Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. Part V. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1901, 385 - 514, pls. 14 - 15. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1901. tb 01371. x" type="journal article" year="1901">Leech &amp; South, 1901: 438</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 14, fig. 26. TL:
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6520FFBB5AA0621BD120050E" box="[975,1038,1602,1626]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">China</collectingCountry>
, Moupin.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6520FFBB59F86239D778052D" blockId="1.[151,1136,1571,1687]" box="[151,598,1632,1657]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D06520FFBB59F86239D778052D" box="[151,598,1632,1657]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF6520FFBB59F86239D77C052D" author="Klima, A." box="[151,594,1632,1657]" page="124" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" year="1937">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6520FFBB59F86239D77C052D" authority="Klima, 1937: 124" authorityName="Klima" authorityPageNumber="124" authorityYear="1937" box="[151,594,1632,1657]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Parthenodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangularis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6520FFBB59F86239D4B9052C" box="[151,407,1632,1656]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">Parthenodes triangularis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6520FFBB58F26239D77C052D" author="Klima, A." box="[413,594,1632,1657]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" refId="ref13157" refString="Klima, A. (1937) Pyralididae: Subfammilies Scopariinae &amp; Nymphulinae. In: Bryk, F. (Ed.), Lepidopterorum Catalogus. Vol. 84. W. Jink, Gravenhage, pp. 1 - 226. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 124187" type="book" year="1937">Klima, 1937: 124</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6520FFBB59F862D9D7BB05C3" blockId="1.[151,1136,1571,1687]" box="[151,661,1663,1687]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6520FFBB59F862D9D77E05C3" ID-CoL="6TMVH" authority=": Nuss et al, 2003" authorityName=": Nuss et al" authorityYear="2003" box="[151,592,1663,1687]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Paracymoriza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6520FFBB59F862D9D4B205C3" box="[151,412,1663,1687]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">Paracymoriza distinctalis</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6520FFBB58C562D9D77E05C3" author="Nuss, M. &amp; Landry, B. &amp; Mally, R. &amp; Vegliante, F. &amp; Trankner, A. &amp; Bauer, F. &amp; Hayden, J. &amp; Segerer, A. &amp; Schouten, R. &amp; Li, H. &amp; Trofimova, T. &amp; Solis, M. A. &amp; De Prins &amp; Speidel, W." box="[426,592,1663,1687]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" refId="ref14223" refString="Nuss, M., Landry, B., Mally, R., Vegliante, F., Trankner, A., Bauer, F., Hayden, J., Segerer, A., Schouten, R., Li, H., Trofimova, T., Solis, M. A., De Prins J. &amp; Speidel, W. (2003 - 2022) Global Information System on Pyraloidea. Available from: http: // www. pyraloidea. org (accessed 17 February 2022)" type="url" year="2003">
Nuss
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6520FFBB588C62D9D72105C3" box="[483,527,1663,1687]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">et al</emphasis>
, 2003
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
–2021.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756520FFBB59F8629CD7240457" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6520FFBB59F8629CD7240457" blockId="1.[151,1437,1733,2012]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6520FFBB59F8629CD4AC058B" bold="true" box="[151,386,1733,1759]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CA36520FFBB58E6629CD104058B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3828386303" box="[393,1066,1733,1759]" collectingDate="2020-06-12" collectorName="Kim SS" location="Sangju" municipality="Whabuk-myon" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Gabu">
<specimenCount id="F8AAFD776520FFBB58E6629CD4F6058B" box="[393,472,1733,1759]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="0E77AC846520FFBB588B629CD7A1058B" box="[484,655,1733,1759]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">Whabuk-myon</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="2C68F81C6520FFBB5BF4629CD7E8058B" box="[667,710,1733,1759]" country="Guinea-Bissau" name="Gabu" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">GB</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="EB7360256520FFBB5BBD629CD60D058B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:660587E86520FFB859F861E2D67400B9:EB7360256520FFBB5BBD629CD60D058B" box="[722,803,1733,1759]" municipality="Whabuk-myon" name="Sangju" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" stateProvince="Gabu">Sangju</location>
,
<date id="9A12103E6520FFBB5A41629CD69E058B" box="[814,944,1733,1759]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" value="2020-06-12">
<collectingDate id="8A56E9D66520FFBB5A41629CD69E058B" box="[814,944,1733,1759]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" value="2020-06-12">2020.06.12</collectingDate>
</date>
. (
<collectorName id="435953286520FFBB5AAC629CD10E058B" box="[963,1056,1733,1759]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">Kim SS</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CA36520FFBB5D58629CD72B0457" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3828386301" collectingDate="2008-09-05" collectorName="Kim SS" location="Chungdo" municipality="Mt. Unmoonsan" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Gabu">
<specimenCount id="F8AAFD776520FFBB5D58629CD1B2058B" box="[1079,1180,1733,1759]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="0E77AC846520FFBB5DC7629FD04F05B4" box="[1192,1377,1734,1760]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">Mt. Unmoonsan</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="2C68F81C6520FFBB5C01629CD0B7058B" box="[1390,1433,1733,1759]" country="Guinea-Bissau" name="Gabu" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">GB</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="EB7360256520FFBB59F862B0D42F0457" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:660587E86520FFB859F861E2D67400B9:EB7360256520FFBB59F862B0D42F0457" box="[151,257,1769,1795]" municipality="Mt. Unmoonsan" name="Chungdo" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" stateProvince="Gabu">Chungdo</location>
,
<date id="9A12103E6520FFBB586362B0D4A30450" box="[268,397,1769,1796]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" value="2008-09-05">
<collectingDate id="8A56E9D66520FFBB586362B0D4A30450" box="[268,397,1769,1796]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" value="2008-09-05">2008.09.05</collectingDate>
</date>
. (
<collectorName id="435953286520FFBB58F062B0D4D30457" box="[415,509,1769,1795]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">Kim SS</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756520FFBB59A86354D7A304E3" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6520FFBB59A86354D7A304E3" blockId="1.[151,1437,1733,2012]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6520FFBB59A86354D46C0473" bold="true" box="[199,322,1805,1831]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6520FFBB58246357D7400473" authorityName=": Nuss et al" authorityYear="2003" box="[331,622,1805,1831]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Paracymoriza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6520FFBB58246357D7400473" box="[331,622,1805,1831]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">Paracymoriza distinctalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished by the dark brown forewing with whitish medial lines and whitish dots on subtermen and dark brown hindwing with whitish central fascia. This species is similar to
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6520FFBB59F8630FD4F70424" authority="(Yoshiyasu, 1985)" baseAuthorityName="Yoshiyasu" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[151,473,1877,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Paracymoriza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6520FFBB59F8630FD426043B" box="[151,264,1877,1903]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">P. fuscalis</emphasis>
(Yoshiyasu, 1985)
</taxonomicName>
in wing ground color, but can be easily distinguished by the whitish central fascia with a dark blackish lunular dot on the hindwing. In
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6520FFBB5BC36320D61204C0" box="[684,828,1913,1940]" name="South Korea" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">South Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6520FFBB5A286323D6F004C7" authorityName=": Nuss et al" authorityYear="2003" box="[839,990,1913,1939]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Paracymoriza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6520FFBB5A286323D6F004C7" box="[839,990,1913,1939]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">P. distinctalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6520FFBB5C606323D41A04E3" authority="(Leech, 1889)" baseAuthorityName="Leech" baseAuthorityYear="1889" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Paracymoriza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prodigalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6520FFBB5C606323D0B204C7" box="[1295,1436,1913,1939]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">P. prodigalis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6520FFBB59F063C4D40204E3" author="Leech, J. H." box="[159,300,1949,1975]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" pagination="62 - 71" refId="ref13652" refString="Leech, J. H. (1889) New species of Deltoids and Pyrales from Corea, North China, and Japan. The Entomologist, London, 22 (310), 62 - 71, pls. 2 - 4. [https: // biostor. org / reference / 60935]" type="journal article" year="1889">Leech, 1889</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
by the dark brown wing color.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756520FFB859A86398D4B901FD" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="515" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6520FFB859A86398D4B901FD" blockId="1.[151,1437,1733,2012]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,150,1005]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="515" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6520FFBB59A86398D477048F" bold="true" box="[199,345,1985,2011]" pageId="1" pageNumber="514">Description.</emphasis>
Wingspan
<quantity id="29549B1B6520FFBB58B36398D706048F" box="[476,552,1985,2011]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="514" unit="mm" value="22.0">22mm</quantity>
. Head. Antenna filiform; frons broad, covered with whitish scales; maxillary palpi porrect; labial palpi upturned, long, about 1.5 times to eye diameter, 1
<superScript id="19D99BB66523FFB85A8D64CED6C303F1" attach="left" box="[994,1005,151,165]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">st</superScript>
segment with long white scales. Body whitish, male hindleg with a pair of bunches of long white hairs. Forewing ground color dark brown; basal line tinged with whitish; antemedial line whitish, slanted, costally inwardly bent; postmedial line whitish, costally relatively thick and narrowed, medially strongly inwardly curled and almost meet antemedial line, dorsally projected outward; central fascia anteriorly with two whitish large dots, posteriorly with a dark brown large triangular dot; subtermen with about seven white dots in different shape and size, the largest third white dot from the top; termen tinged with dark brown and yellowish-white fringes. Hindwing dark brown in ground color; central fascia white, tapered to dorsum, discal dot blackish, lunular, bordered with blackish ante- and postmedial lines; subtermen with several white dots in different size; termen with black and yellowish white fringes.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6523FFB85D3965EED0240284" bold="true" box="[1110,1290,438,465]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Male genitalia.</emphasis>
Uncus long, triangular; gnathos long, slender almost equal length to the uncus; tegumen as long as vinculum; juxta broad; saccus broad. Valva long slender, apex with a tuft of long setae; costa long, slender; sacculus basally thick and tapered distally. Aedeagus long, slender, apex with a sclerotized plate, cornutus absent.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6523FFB85D70667AD1CB0168" bold="true" box="[1055,1253,546,573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Female genitalia</emphasis>
. Papillae anales narrow; posterior and anterior apophyses long; ostium bursae simple, membranous, ventrally V-shaped; ductus bursae tapered, anteriorly with a colliculum; corpus bursae long sac-shaped, almost twice to the length of ductus bursae, signum absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756523FFB859A866EBD6BB0041" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6523FFB859A866EBD75B0199" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,1005]" box="[199,629,690,717]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6523FFB859A866EBD44F0198" bold="true" box="[199,353,690,716]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6523FFB8580866EAD4DA0199" box="[359,500,691,717]" name="South Korea" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">South Korea</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6523FFB85B4466EAD75C0199" box="[555,626,691,717]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">China</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6523FFB859A8668FD6BB0041" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,1005]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6523FFB859A8668FD4A201A4" bold="true" box="[199,396,726,752]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">DNA barcoding.</emphasis>
One specimen from
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6523FFB85BEB668ED63D01A5" box="[644,787,727,753]" name="South Korea" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">South Korea</collectingCountry>
(
<accessionNumber id="F1FFAB1D6523FFB85A4A668FD68A01A5" box="[805,932,726,753]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OK501198" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">OK501198</accessionNumber>
) was sequenced, and the genetic difference between
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6523FFB8599466A2D4BC0041" authorityName=": Nuss et al" authorityYear="2003" box="[251,402,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Paracymoriza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6523FFB8599466A2D4BC0041" box="[251,402,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">P. distinctalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and its close relative,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6523FFB85BE366A2D6340041" baseAuthorityName="Leech" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[652,794,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Paracymoriza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prodigalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6523FFB85BE366A2D6340041" box="[652,794,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">P. prodigalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was 5.9%.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756523FFB859A86746D67400B9" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6523FFB859A86746D67400B9" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,1005]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6523FFB859A86746D415006D" bold="true" box="[199,315,799,825]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Remarks.</emphasis>
The genus
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6523FFB858AA6746D74A006C" authorityName="Warren" authorityYear="1890" box="[453,612,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Paracymoriza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6523FFB858AA6746D74A006C" box="[453,612,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Paracymoriza</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
includes about 40 species in the Oriental and Palearctic regions. There were differences in the wing pattern and male genitalia compared with
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6523FFB85AD5671AD17F0009" authorityName=": Nuss et al" authorityYear="2003" box="[954,1105,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Paracymoriza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6523FFB85AD5671AD17F0009" box="[954,1105,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">P. distinctalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6523FFB85D19671AD1970009" box="[1142,1209,835,861]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">China</collectingCountry>
(Chen
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6523FFB85C63671AD0100009" box="[1292,1342,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">et al</emphasis>
., 2007): the lunular discal dot on the central fascia of the hindwing in the South Korean specimen was large. In contrast, it was relatively short in the Chinese specimen, and the length of the gnathos was much longer, almost equal length to the uncus in the South Korean specimen while about 2/3 of the length of uncus in the Chinese specimen. Thus, the status of the species in
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6523FFB858F5678AD70900B9" box="[410,551,979,1005]" name="South Korea" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">South Korea</collectingCountry>
needs further examination.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<treatment id="660587E86523FFBE59F86124D63A0518" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6785959" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196377893" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6785959" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:660587E86523FFBE59F86124D63A0518" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/660587E86523FFBE59F86124D63A0518" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="517" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<subSubSection id="A6B665756523FFB859F86124D7FF06C3" box="[151,721,1405,1432]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6523FFB859F86124D7FF06C3" blockId="2.[151,721,1405,1467]" box="[151,721,1405,1432]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<heading id="B55B81926523FFB859F86124D7FF06C3" bold="true" box="[151,721,1405,1432]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6523FFB859F86124D7FF06C3" ID-CoL="6WDSB" authority="(Hampson, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Hampson" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[151,721,1405,1432]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Pseudocatharylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duplicellus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6523FFB859F86124D7FF06C3" bold="true" box="[151,721,1405,1432]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6523FFB859F86124D4DB06CC" bold="true" box="[151,501,1405,1432]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Pseudocatharylla duplicellus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6523FFB85B6B6124D7E706C3" author="Hampson, G. F." box="[516,713,1405,1431]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" pagination="897 - 974" refId="ref12394" refString="Hampson, G. F. (1896) On the classification of the Schoenobiinae and Crambinae, two subfamilies of moths, of the family Pyralidae. Proceedings of the General Meetings for Scientific Business of the Zoological Society of Lon don, 1895 (4), 897 - 974. https: // biostor. org / reference / 60705" type="journal article" year="1896">Hampson, 1896</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756523FFB859F861F8D4B906EF" box="[151,407,1441,1467]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6523FFB859F861F8D4B906EF" blockId="2.[151,721,1405,1467]" box="[151,407,1441,1467]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
(
<figureCitation id="76972A7B6523FFB859F061F8D42F06EF" box="[159,257,1441,1467]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,401,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-102@3.[151,1436,378,1867]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adults of 14 species newly recorded from Korea. Scale bar=5 mm. A. Paracymoriza distinctalis, B. Pseudocatharylla duplicellus, C. Psammotis orientalis, D. Anania albeoverbascalis, E. Anania stachydalis, F. Ecpyrrhorrhoe rubiginalis, G. Scoparia iwasakii, H. Haritalodes basipunctalis, I. Nagiella inferior, J. Notarcha aurolinealis, K. Herpetogramma okamotoi, L. Glyphodes formosanus, M. Mecyna fusei, and N. Udea tritalis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786073" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786073/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Figs. 1B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A7B6523FFB8586261F8D44F06EF" box="[269,353,1441,1467]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1119,1143]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,181,1091]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[151,1436,181,1096]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male genitalia of the Crambidae from Korea. Scale bar = 1mm (A, E, G, I, K), 0.5mm (B, C, D. F, H, J, L). A, B. Paracymoriza distinctalis; C, D. Pseudocatharylla duplicellus; E, F. Anania albeoverbascalis; G, H. Scoparia iwasakii; I, J. Haritalodes basipunctalis; K, L. Nagiella inferior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786079" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786079/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">2C, 2D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A7B6523FFB8580361F8D4A006EF" box="[364,398,1441,1467]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[264,1324,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[264,1324,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Female genitalia of the Crambidae from Korea. Scale bar = 1mm. A. Paracymoriza distinctalis, B. Pseudocatharylla duplicellus, C. Psammotis orientalis, D. Anania albeoverbascalis, E. Anania stachydalis, F. Ecpyrrhorrhoe rubiginalis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786083" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786083/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">3B</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756523FFB859F861BFD78C050E" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6523FFB859F861BFD68706AA" blockId="2.[151,1083,1510,1626]" box="[151,937,1510,1534]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D06523FFB859F861BFD68706AA" box="[151,937,1510,1534]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF6523FFB859F861BFD76A06AA" author="Hampson, G. F." box="[151,580,1510,1534]" page="934" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" year="1896">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6523FFB859F861BFD76A06AA" ID-CoL="99ZYN" authority="Hampson, 1896: 934" authorityName="Hampson" authorityPageNumber="934" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,580,1510,1534]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Crambus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duplicellus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6523FFB859F861BFD44706AA" box="[151,361,1510,1534]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Crambus duplicellus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6523FFB8581F61BFD76A06AA" author="Hampson, G. F." box="[368,580,1510,1534]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" pagination="897 - 974" refId="ref12394" refString="Hampson, G. F. (1896) On the classification of the Schoenobiinae and Crambinae, two subfamilies of moths, of the family Pyralidae. Proceedings of the General Meetings for Scientific Business of the Zoological Society of Lon don, 1895 (4), 897 - 974. https: // biostor. org / reference / 60705" type="journal article" year="1896">Hampson, 1896: 934</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. TL: [
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6523FFB85BED61BFD7F306AA" box="[642,733,1510,1534]" name="Vietnam" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
]
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6523FFB85B8661BFD61D06AA" box="[745,819,1510,1534]" name="Vietnam" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Tonkin</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="2C68F81C6523FFB85A5261BFD68A06AA" box="[829,932,1510,1534]" country="Vietnam" name="Hai Phong" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Haiphong</collectingRegion>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6523FFB859F8625DD1150548" blockId="2.[151,1083,1510,1626]" box="[151,1083,1540,1565]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D06523FFB859F8625DD1150548" box="[151,1083,1540,1565]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF6523FFB859F8625DD7180548" author="Strand, E." box="[151,566,1540,1565]" page="252" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" year="1918">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6523FFB859F8625DD7180548" authority="Strand, 1918: 252" authorityName="Strand" authorityPageNumber="252" authorityYear="1918" box="[151,566,1540,1565]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Crambus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anpingiellus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6523FFB859F8625DD4590548" box="[151,375,1540,1564]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Crambus anpingiellus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6523FFB85811625DD7180548" author="Strand, E." box="[382,566,1540,1565]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" pagination="248 - 276" refId="ref14906" refString="Strand, E. (1918) H. Sauter's Formosa-Ausbeute: Pyralididae, Subfam. Galleriinae, Crambinae, Schoenobiinae, Anerastiinae und Phycitinae. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 79 (2), 248 - 276. [https: // biostor. org / reference / 197248]" type="journal article" year="1918">Strand, 1918: 252</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. TL: [
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6523FFB85B1E625DD79C0548" box="[625,690,1540,1564]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6523FFB85BD2625DD6240548" box="[701,778,1540,1564]" name="Taiwan" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
] Formosa, Kosempo, Anping.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6523FFB859F8627AD648056F" blockId="2.[151,1083,1510,1626]" box="[151,870,1571,1595]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D06523FFB859F8627AD648056F" box="[151,870,1571,1595]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF6523FFB859F8627AD76B056F" author="Hampson, G. F." box="[151,581,1571,1595]" page="288" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" year="1919">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6523FFB859F8627AD76B056F" authority="Hampson, 1919: 288" authorityName="Hampson" authorityPageNumber="288" authorityYear="1919" box="[151,581,1571,1595]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Crambus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distictellus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6523FFB859F8627AD446056F" box="[151,360,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Crambus distictellus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6523FFB85800627DD76B056F" author="Hampson, G. F." box="[367,581,1571,1595]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" pagination="275 - 292" refId="ref12601" refString="Hampson, G. F. (1919) Descriptions of new Pyralidae of the subfamilies Crambinae and Siginae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, including Zoology, Botany and Geology, London, 9 (3), 275 - 292 + 437 - 457 + 533 - 547. [https: // biostor. org / reference / 59093] https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222931908673855" type="journal article" year="1919">Hampson, 1919: 288</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. TL:
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6523FFB85B14627AD794056F" box="[635,698,1571,1595]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6523FFB85BAB627AD63F056F" box="[708,785,1571,1595]" name="Taiwan" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="2C68F81C6523FFB85A75627AD64C056F" box="[794,866,1571,1595]" country="Taiwan" name="Tainan" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Tainan</collectingRegion>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6523FFB859F8621BD78C050E" blockId="2.[151,1083,1510,1626]" box="[151,674,1602,1626]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D06523FFB859F8621BD78C050E" box="[151,674,1602,1626]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF6523FFB859F8621BD7B0050E" author="Bleszynski, S." box="[151,670,1602,1626]" page="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" year="1962">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6523FFB859F8621BD7B0050E" ID-CoL="6WDSB" authority=": Bleszynski 1962: 10" authorityName=": Bleszynski" authorityPageNumber="10" authorityYear="1962" box="[151,670,1602,1626]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Pseudocatharylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duplicellus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6523FFB859F8621BD491050E" box="[151,447,1602,1626]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Pseudocatharylla duplicellus</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6523FFB858A2621BD7B0050E" author="Bleszynski, S." box="[461,670,1602,1626]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" pagination="5 - 48" refId="ref11688" refString="Bleszynski, S. (1962) Studies on the Crambidae (Lepidoptera). Part XXXVII. Changes in the nomenclatory [sic] of some Crambidae with the descriptions of new genera and species. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 32 (1), 5 - 48, pl. 7." type="journal article" year="1962">Bleszynski 1962: 10</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756523FFB859F862D1D19D05F6" box="[151,1203,1672,1699]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6523FFB859F862D1D19D05F6" blockId="2.[151,1436,1672,2023]" box="[151,1203,1672,1699]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6523FFB859F862D1D4AF05F6" bold="true" box="[151,385,1672,1698]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Material examined.</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="F8AAFD776523FFB858E862D1D4FB05F6" box="[391,469,1672,1698]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="F8AAFD776523FFB8588E62D1D76B05F6" box="[481,581,1672,1698]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, Gangjeong-dong, JJ: Seogwipo,
<date id="9A12103E6523FFB85AD262D1D11105F6" box="[957,1087,1672,1698]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" value="2020-07-26">2020.07.26</date>
. (Kim SS)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756523FFB859A862F5D1F3045A" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6523FFB859A862F5D1F3045A" blockId="2.[151,1436,1672,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6523FFB859A862F5D46C0592" bold="true" box="[199,322,1708,1734]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6523FFB8582662F5D7BC0592" authorityName=": Bleszynski" authorityYear="1962" box="[329,658,1708,1734]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Pseudocatharylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duplicellus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6523FFB8582662F5D7BC0592" box="[329,658,1708,1734]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Pseudocatharylla duplicellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished by the light brownish bent postmedial and subterminal lines on the forewing and whitish hindwing. This species is distinguished from other species of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6523FFB85C2F6289D424045A" authorityName="Bleszynski" authorityYear="1961" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Pseudocatharylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6523FFB85C2F6289D424045A" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Pseudocatharylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the smaller wingspan and light brownish vertical bent medial lines on the forewing.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756523FFB959A86341D4C90231" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="516" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6523FFB959A86341D4C90231" blockId="2.[151,1436,1672,2023]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,357]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="516" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6523FFB859A86341D4770466" bold="true" box="[199,345,1816,1842]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Description.</emphasis>
Wingspan
<quantity id="29549B1B6523FFB858B76341D7630467" box="[472,589,1816,1843]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="515" unit="mm" value="14.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="13.0">13–15mm</quantity>
. Head. Antenna filiform, frons broad, covered with yellowish white scales; maxillary palpi porrect, tip with long white hairs; labial palpi long, about three times to eye diameter, laterally tinged with light ochreous scales. Body whitish. Forewing whitish in ground color; long horizontal ochreous and light blackish scales along veins; postmedian light brown, oblique; subtermen with two parallel light brown right angle bracket lines; termen tinged with black scales. Hindwing whitish in ground color; termen tinged with light gray.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6523FFB859B96395D4A704B2" bold="true" box="[214,393,1996,2022]" pageId="2" pageNumber="515">Male genitalia.</emphasis>
Uncus long, rod-shaped; gnathos long, spine-like, apex sharply pointed, about 2/3 of uncus in length; tegumen hood-shaped. Valva weakly sclerotized, blade-shaped with flat costa and curved sacculus, hairy. Aedeagus stout, apex weakly sclerotized, cornutus a thorn-like process.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB95AA164E2D1BB0380" bold="true" box="[974,1173,186,213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">Female genitalia</emphasis>
. Papillae anales broad, lotus leaf-shaped; posterior apophyses long, about twice of anterior apophyses in length, anterior apophyses basally thick and tapered; 8
<superScript id="19D99BB66522FFB95817655BD4AB0244" attach="left" box="[376,389,258,272]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">th</superScript>
segment anteroventrally with a long sharply pointed extension; ostium bursae simple, membranous, narrow; ductus bursae thin, membranous; corpus bursae long sac-shaped, almost twice to the length of ductus bursae, signum absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="BAD366766522FFB959F8633CD61A04BE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786073" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6786073" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786073/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="516" startId="3.[151,250,1893,1917]" targetBox="[151,1426,401,1854]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6522FFB959F8633CD61A04BE" blockId="3.[151,1436,1893,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB959F8633CD43D042A" bold="true" box="[151,275,1893,1918]" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Adults of 14 species newly recorded from Korea. Scale bar=5 mm.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB95AAC633CD6FB0429" bold="true" box="[963,981,1893,1917]" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB95A8D633FD1C0042A" box="[994,1262,1894,1918]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6522FFB95A8D633FD1C4042A" authorityName=": Nuss et al" authorityYear="2003" box="[994,1258,1894,1918]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Paracymoriza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctalis">Paracymoriza distinctalis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB95D9B633FD02B042A" bold="true" box="[1268,1285,1894,1918]" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">B</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB95C7E633FD46C04F6" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6522FFB95C7E633FD41004F6" authorityName=": Bleszynski" authorityYear="1962" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Pseudocatharylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duplicellus">Pseudocatharylla duplicellus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB9582863D0D47704F5" bold="true" box="[327,345,1929,1953]" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB9580A63D3D76E04F6" box="[357,576,1930,1954]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6522FFB9580A63D3D71304F6" authorityName="Munroe &amp; Mutuura" authorityYear="1968" box="[357,573,1930,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Psammotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">Psammotis orientalis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB95B2A63D3D77904F6" bold="true" box="[581,599,1930,1954]" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">D</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB95B0C63D3D64D04F6" box="[611,867,1930,1954]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6522FFB95B0C63D3D67104F6" authorityName="Yamanaka" authorityYear="1966" box="[611,863,1930,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Anania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albeoverbascalis">Anania albeoverbascalis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB95A0763D3D65704F6" bold="true" box="[872,889,1930,1954]" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB95AEA63D3D16504F6" box="[901,1099,1930,1954]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6522FFB95AEA63D3D16604F6" baseAuthorityName="Germar" baseAuthorityYear="1821" box="[901,1096,1930,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Anania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stachydalis">Anania stachydalis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB95D3F63D3D17104F6" bold="true" box="[1104,1119,1930,1954]" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">F</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB95D0463D3D05304F6" box="[1131,1405,1930,1954]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6522FFB95D0463D3D05404F6" baseAuthorityName="Hubner" baseAuthorityYear="1796" box="[1131,1402,1930,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Ecpyrrhorrhoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginalis">Ecpyrrhorrhoe rubiginalis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB95CED63D0D0B804F5" bold="true" box="[1410,1430,1929,1953]" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">G</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB959F863F7D47B0492" box="[151,341,1966,1990]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6522FFB959F863F7D47F0492" authorityName="Sasaki" authorityYear="1991" box="[151,337,1966,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Scoparia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iwasakii">Scoparia iwasakii</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB9583363F7D45E0492" bold="true" box="[348,368,1966,1990]" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB9581263F7D7A50492" box="[381,651,1966,1990]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6522FFB9581263F7D7A90492" baseAuthorityName="Bremer" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[381,647,1966,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Haritalodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basipunctalis">Haritalodes basipunctalis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB95BFD63F7D7B20492" bold="true" box="[658,668,1966,1990]" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">I</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB95BC563F7D6770492" box="[682,857,1966,1990]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6522FFB95BC563F7D67B0492" baseAuthorityName="Hampson" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[682,853,1966,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Nagiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inferior">Nagiella inferior</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB95A0F63F7D6430492" bold="true" box="[864,877,1966,1990]" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">J</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB95A1463F7D14F0492" box="[891,1121,1966,1990]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6522FFB95A1463F7D1730492" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[891,1117,1966,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Notarcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurolinealis">Notarcha aurolinealis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB95D0763F7D1520492" bold="true" box="[1128,1148,1966,1990]" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">K</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB95DE663F7D0B20492" box="[1161,1436,1966,1990]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6522FFB95DE663F7D0B70492" authorityName="Yamanaka" authorityYear="1976" box="[1161,1433,1966,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Herpetogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okamotoi">Herpetogramma okamotoi</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB959F8638BD58604BE" bold="true" box="[151,168,2002,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">L</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB959DA638BD48A04BE" box="[181,420,2002,2026]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6522FFB959DA638BD48E04BE" authorityName="Shibuya" authorityYear="1928" box="[181,416,2002,2026]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Glyphodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">Glyphodes formosanus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB958C5638BD4EC04BE" bold="true" box="[426,450,2002,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB958A0638BD77204BE" box="[463,604,2002,2026]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6522FFB958A0638BD77604BE" baseAuthorityName="Inoue" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[463,600,2002,2026]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Mecyna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusei">Mecyna fusei</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6522FFB95BE2638BD7B104BE" bold="true" box="[653,671,2002,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="516">N</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6522FFB95BC3638BD61E04BE" authorityName="Spilomelinae" baseAuthorityName="Christoph" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[684,816,2002,2026]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Udea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tritalis">Udea tritalis</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="BAD366766525FFBE59F86006D7E60794" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786079" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6786079" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786079/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="517" startId="4.[151,250,1119,1143]" targetBox="[152,1435,181,1091]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6525FFBE59F86006D7E60794" blockId="4.[151,1437,1119,1216]" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6525FFBE59F86006D4380723" bold="true" box="[151,278,1119,1143]" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Male genitalia of the
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6525FFBE5B6D6039D75F072C" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1810" box="[514,625,1120,1144]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="517" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Crambidae</taxonomicName>
from Korea. Scale bar = 1mm (A, E, G, I, K), 0.5mm (B, C, D. F, H, J, L).
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6525FFBE59F860DAD5E007C8" bold="true" box="[151,206,1155,1180]" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">A, B.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6525FFBE59BB60DDD4F407C8" authorityName=": Nuss et al" authorityYear="2003" box="[212,474,1156,1180]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Paracymoriza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="517" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6525FFBE59BB60DDD4F407C8" box="[212,474,1156,1180]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">Paracymoriza distinctalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6525FFBE588860DAD73707C8" bold="true" box="[487,537,1155,1180]" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">C, D</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6525FFBE5B4960DDD66007C8" authorityName=": Bleszynski" authorityYear="1962" box="[550,846,1156,1180]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Pseudocatharylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="517" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duplicellus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6525FFBE5B4960DDD66007C8" box="[550,846,1156,1180]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">Pseudocatharylla duplicellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6525FFBE5A3360DDD6A307C8" bold="true" box="[860,909,1156,1180]" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">E, F.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6525FFBE5AFB60DDD1BE07C8" authorityName="Yamanaka" authorityYear="1966" box="[916,1168,1156,1180]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Anania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="517" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albeoverbascalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6525FFBE5AFB60DDD1BE07C8" box="[916,1168,1156,1180]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">Anania albeoverbascalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6525FFBE5DF260DAD1F607C8" bold="true" box="[1181,1240,1155,1180]" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">G, H.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6525FFBE5DB060DDD0BB07C8" authorityName="Sasaki" authorityYear="1991" box="[1247,1429,1156,1180]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Scoparia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="517" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iwasakii">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6525FFBE5DB060DDD0BB07C8" box="[1247,1429,1156,1180]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">Scoparia iwasakii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6525FFBE59F860F1D5950794" bold="true" box="[151,187,1192,1216]" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">I, J</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6525FFBE59A860F1D4E30794" baseAuthorityName="Bremer" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[199,461,1192,1216]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Haritalodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="517" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basipunctalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6525FFBE59A860F1D4E30794" box="[199,461,1192,1216]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">Haritalodes basipunctalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6525FFBE58B460F1D7220794" bold="true" box="[475,524,1192,1216]" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">K, L</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6525FFBE5B7660F1D7EA0794" baseAuthorityName="Hampson" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[537,708,1192,1216]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Nagiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="517" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inferior">Nagiella inferior</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756525FFBE59A860B4D13A0605" pageId="4" pageNumber="517" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6525FFBE59A860B4D179065C" blockId="4.[151,1436,1261,1612]" box="[199,1111,1261,1288]" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6525FFBE59A860B4D44F0653" bold="true" box="[199,353,1261,1287]" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6525FFBE580860B7D4D9065C" box="[359,503,1262,1288]" name="South Korea" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">South Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6525FFBE5B6D60B7D76B065C" box="[514,581,1262,1288]" name="Japan" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6525FFBE5B3F60B7D7B8065C" box="[592,662,1262,1288]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6525FFBE5BCF60B7D7DB065C" box="[672,757,1262,1288]" name="Taiwan" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6525FFBE5A6F60B7D64C065C" box="[768,866,1262,1288]" name="Vietnam" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6525FFBE5A0260B7D6F8065C" box="[877,982,1262,1288]" name="Malaysia" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6525FFBE5A8E60B7D17D065C" box="[993,1107,1262,1288]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6525FFBE59A86148D13A0605" blockId="4.[151,1436,1261,1612]" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6525FFBE59A86148D4A2067F" bold="true" box="[199,396,1297,1323]" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">DNA barcoding.</emphasis>
One specimen from
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6525FFBE5BEB614BD63D0678" box="[644,787,1298,1324]" name="South Korea" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">South Korea</collectingCountry>
(
<accessionNumber id="F1FFAB1D6525FFBE5A4A614BD68A0679" box="[805,932,1298,1325]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OK501194" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">OK501194</accessionNumber>
) was sequenced, and the genetic difference between
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6525FFBE5994616ED4BC0604" authorityName=": Bleszynski" authorityYear="1962" box="[251,402,1334,1360]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Pseudocatharylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="517" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duplicellus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6525FFBE5994616ED4BC0604" box="[251,402,1334,1360]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">P. duplicellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and its relative,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6525FFBE5B23616ED6A50604" authority="(Lower, 1903)" authorityName="Lower" authorityYear="1903" baseAuthorityName="Lower" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[588,907,1334,1360]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Pseudocatharylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="517" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="photoleuca">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6525FFBE5B23616ED7CD0604" box="[588,739,1334,1360]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">P. photoleuca</emphasis>
(Lower, 1903)
</taxonomicName>
was 10.5%.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756525FFBE59A86103D63A0518" pageId="4" pageNumber="517" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6525FFBE59A86103D63A0518" blockId="4.[151,1436,1261,1612]" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6525FFBE59A86103D4150620" bold="true" box="[199,315,1370,1396]" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">Remarks.</emphasis>
The genus
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6525FFBE58A86103D7A30620" authorityName="Bleszynski" authorityYear="1961" box="[455,653,1370,1396]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Pseudocatharylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="517" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6525FFBE58A86103D7A30620" box="[455,653,1370,1396]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">Pseudocatharylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comprises about 41 species, predominantly in the Oriental and Afrotropical regions (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6525FFBE581E6127D71706CC" author="Nuss, M. &amp; Landry, B. &amp; Mally, R. &amp; Vegliante, F. &amp; Trankner, A. &amp; Bauer, F. &amp; Hayden, J. &amp; Segerer, A. &amp; Schouten, R. &amp; Li, H. &amp; Trofimova, T. &amp; Solis, M. A. &amp; De Prins &amp; Speidel, W." box="[369,569,1406,1432]" pageId="4" pageNumber="517" refId="ref14223" refString="Nuss, M., Landry, B., Mally, R., Vegliante, F., Trankner, A., Bauer, F., Hayden, J., Segerer, A., Schouten, R., Li, H., Trofimova, T., Solis, M. A., De Prins J. &amp; Speidel, W. (2003 - 2022) Global Information System on Pyraloidea. Available from: http: // www. pyraloidea. org (accessed 17 February 2022)" type="url" year="2003">
Nuss
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6525FFBE58DB6126D4C606CC" box="[436,488,1406,1432]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">et al</emphasis>
., 2003
</bibRefCitation>
–2021). The genus
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6525FFBE5A796127D6F206CC" authorityName="Bleszynski" authorityYear="1961" box="[790,988,1406,1432]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Pseudocatharylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="517" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6525FFBE5A796127D6F206CC" box="[790,988,1406,1432]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">Pseudocatharylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the sister group,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6525FFBE5DB76127D5F806E8" authority="Bassi" authorityName="Bassi" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Chrysocatharylla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="517" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6525FFBE5DB76127D0B206CC" box="[1240,1436,1406,1432]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">Chrysocatharylla</emphasis>
Bassi
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6525FFBE598E61FBD4E706E8" authority="Bleszynski" authorityName="Bleszynski" authorityYear="1960" box="[225,457,1442,1468]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Classeya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="517" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6525FFBE598E61FBD46806E8" box="[225,326,1442,1468]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">Classeya</emphasis>
Bleszynski
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6525FFBE5B6E61FBD61D06E8" authority="Bleszynski" authorityName="Bleszynski" authorityYear="1964" box="[513,819,1442,1468]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Pseudoclasseya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="517" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6525FFBE5B6E61FBD79C06E8" box="[513,690,1442,1468]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">Pseudoclasseya</emphasis>
Bleszynski
</taxonomicName>
are classified into a tribe of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6525FFBE5D0661FBD04006E8" authority="Gaskin" authorityName="Gaskin" authorityYear="1988" box="[1129,1390,1442,1468]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Calamotrophini">Calamotrophini Gaskin</taxonomicName>
and they are distinguished by the long labial palpi, the forewing with R
<subScript id="722834BB6525FFBE5A196181D6A606B2" attach="left" box="[886,904,1496,1510]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">S4</subScript>
stalked to R
<subScript id="722834BB6525FFBE5D7F6181D10C06B2" attach="left" box="[1040,1058,1496,1510]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">S2</subScript>
+R
<subScript id="722834BB6525FFBE5D2B6181D17B06B2" attach="left" box="[1092,1109,1496,1510]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">S3</subScript>
, the hindwing with open cell, the asymmetrical male valva in the male genitalia, and the papillae anales with sclerotized dorsal connection, and the short anterior and posterior apophyses in the female genitalia (Legér
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6525FFBE5AA86256D6D6057C" box="[967,1016,1550,1576]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">et al</emphasis>
., 2019). In
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6525FFBE5D146257D024057C" box="[1147,1290,1550,1576]" name="South Korea" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">South Korea</collectingCountry>
, four species of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6525FFBE59D9626BD4520518" authorityName="Bleszynski" authorityYear="1961" box="[182,380,1586,1612]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Pseudocatharylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="517" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6525FFBE59D9626BD4520518" box="[182,380,1586,1612]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">Pseudocatharylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are known, including
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6525FFBE5B19626AD6230518" authorityName=": Bleszynski" authorityYear="1962" box="[630,781,1586,1612]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Pseudocatharylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="517" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duplicellus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6525FFBE5B19626AD6230518" box="[630,781,1586,1612]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="517">P. duplicellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
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<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59F861F0D4D60697" blockId="5.[151,504,1449,1475]" box="[151,504,1449,1475]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
<heading id="B55B81926524FFBF59F861F0D4D60697" bold="true" box="[151,504,1449,1475]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" reason="1">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59F861F0D4D60697" bold="true" box="[151,504,1449,1475]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
Genus
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<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF598161F0D4660697" bold="true" box="[238,328,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Anania</emphasis>
Hübner, 1823
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<subSubSection id="A6B665756524FFBF59F861B0D7D80554" box="[151,758,1512,1537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59F861B0D7D80554" blockId="5.[151,1098,1512,2039]" box="[151,758,1512,1537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
<typeStatus id="3117885C6524FFBF59F861B0D5E70555" box="[151,201,1513,1537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Type</typeStatus>
species:
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<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF584961B1D4EC0554" box="[294,450,1512,1536]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Pyralis guttalis</emphasis>
Denis &amp; Schiffermüller, 1775
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=
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF59C3625ED486054B" ID-CoL="8ZZCD" authority="Lederer, 1863" authorityName="Lederer" authorityYear="1863" box="[172,424,1543,1567]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Algedonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59C3625ED43A054B" box="[172,276,1543,1567]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Algedonia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6524FFBF5875625ED486054B" author="Lederer, J." box="[282,424,1543,1567]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" pagination="10 - 12" refId="ref13333" refString="Lederer, J. (1863) Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Pyralidinen. Wiener Entomologische Monatschrift, 7 (8 + 10 - 12), 243 - 280 + 331 - 504, pls. 2 - 18. https: // biostor. org / reference / 235646" type="journal article" year="1863">Lederer, 1863</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="3117885C6524FFBF58DA625ED4CC054B" box="[437,482,1543,1567]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF5B2F625ED657054B" authority="Hubner, 1796" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1796" box="[576,889,1543,1567]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Pyralis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luctualis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF5B2F625ED7C8054B" box="[576,742,1543,1567]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Pyralis luctualis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6524FFBF5B82625ED657054B" author="Hubner, J." box="[749,889,1543,1567]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref12768" refString="Hubner, J. ([1796] - 1833) Sammlung europaischer Schmetterlinge. 6. Horde. Die Zunsler; nach der Natur geordnet, beschrieben und vorgestellt (continued by C. Geyer). s. n., Augsburg, pp. [i] - [iv] + [i - ii] + [i - ii] + 1 - 30 + [i - ii] + [i - ii], pls. 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 39974" type="book chapter" year="1796">Hübner, 1796</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59F8627CD6BE0568" blockId="5.[151,1098,1512,2039]" box="[151,912,1572,1596]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
=
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF59C3627CD4800568" ID-CoL="94H86" authority="Munroe, 1976" authorityName="Munroe" authorityYear="1976" box="[172,430,1572,1596]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Mutuuraia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59C3627CD4360568" box="[172,280,1573,1596]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Mutuuraia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6524FFBF5870627CD4800568" author="Munroe, E. G." box="[287,430,1572,1596]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" pagination="873 - 884" refId="ref14129" refString="Munroe, E. G. (1976) New genera and species of Pyraustinae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), mainly from the collection of the British Museum (Natural History). The Canadian Entomologist, Ottawa, 108, 873 - 884. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 108873 - 8" type="journal article" year="1976">Munroe, 1976</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="3117885C6524FFBF58D4627DD4C60568" box="[443,488,1572,1596]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF5B2A627CD6A70568" authority="Treitschke, 1829" authorityName="Treitschke" authorityYear="1829" box="[581,905,1572,1596]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Botys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terrealis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF5B2A627CD7F70568" box="[581,729,1572,1596]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Botys terrealis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6524FFBF5BB0627DD6A70568" author="Treitschke, F." box="[735,905,1572,1596]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" refId="ref15074" refString="Treitschke, F. (1829) Die Schmetterlinge von Europe (Fortsetzung des Ochsenheimer'schen Werkes). Vol. 7. Fleischer, Leipzig, 252 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 50612" type="book" year="1829">Treitschke, 1829</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59F8621BD6BD050D" blockId="5.[151,1098,1512,2039]" box="[151,915,1601,1626]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
=
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF59C36218D4ED050D" ID-CoL="92G9B" authority="Munroe, 1976" authorityName="Munroe" authorityYear="1976" box="[172,451,1601,1625]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Nealgedonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59C36218D403050D" box="[172,301,1601,1625]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Nealgedonia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6524FFBF585B621BD4ED050D" author="Munroe, E. G." box="[308,451,1601,1625]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" pagination="873 - 884" refId="ref14129" refString="Munroe, E. G. (1976) New genera and species of Pyraustinae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), mainly from the collection of the British Museum (Natural History). The Canadian Entomologist, Ottawa, 108, 873 - 884. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 108873 - 8" type="journal article" year="1976">Munroe, 1976</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="3117885C6524FFBF58BF621BD4D3050E" box="[464,509,1602,1626]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF5B35621BD6A2050D" authority="Guenee, 1854" authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1854" box="[602,908,1601,1626]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Botys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="extricalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF5B35621BD7D9050D" box="[602,759,1601,1625]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Botys extricalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6524FFBF5B91621BD6A2050D" author="Guenee, M. A." box="[766,908,1601,1626]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" pagination="1 - 448" refId="ref12254" refString="Guenee, M. A. (1854) Deltoides et Pyralites. In: Boisduval, J. B. A. D. de &amp; Guenee, M. A., Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Species General des Lepidopteres. 8 (8). Roret, Paris, pp. 1 - 448. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9194" type="book chapter" year="1854">Guenée, 1854</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59F86206D6EA0523" blockId="5.[151,1098,1512,2039]" box="[151,964,1631,1655]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
=
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF59C36206D4BB0523" ID-CoL="9B6RT" authority="Martin, 1986" authorityName="Martin" authorityYear="1986" box="[172,405,1631,1655]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Ametasia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59C36206D4240522" box="[172,266,1631,1654]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Ametasia</emphasis>
Martin, 1986
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="3117885C6524FFBF58CD6206D4E10523" box="[418,463,1631,1655]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF5B436206D6930523" ID-CoL="9F8FZ" authority="Christoph, 1882" authorityName="Christoph" authorityYear="1882" box="[556,957,1631,1655]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Metasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ochrofascialis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF5B436206D63D0523" box="[556,787,1631,1655]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Metasia ochrofascialis</emphasis>
Christoph, 1882
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59F86224D6AC05C0" blockId="5.[151,1098,1512,2039]" box="[151,898,1660,1684]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
=
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF59C36225D48905C0" ID-CoL="93NKW" authority="Doubleday, 1849" authorityName="Doubleday" authorityYear="1849" box="[172,423,1660,1684]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Ebulea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59C36225D5DA05C0" box="[172,244,1660,1684]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Ebulea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6524FFBF59956225D48905C0" author="Doubleday, H." box="[250,423,1660,1684]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" refId="ref11973" refString="Doubleday, H. (1849 [1850]) A synonymic list of British Lepidoptera. J. Van Voorst, London, 14 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 158602" type="book" year="1849">Doubleday, 1849</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="3117885C6524FFBF58DB6225D4CF05C0" box="[436,481,1660,1684]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF5B516225D65505C0" authority="Hubner, 1796" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1796" box="[574,891,1660,1684]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Pyralis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crocealis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF5B516225D7C405C0" box="[574,746,1660,1684]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Pyralis crocealis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6524FFBF5B9F6225D65505C0" author="Hubner, J." box="[752,891,1660,1684]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref12768" refString="Hubner, J. ([1796] - 1833) Sammlung europaischer Schmetterlinge. 6. Horde. Die Zunsler; nach der Natur geordnet, beschrieben und vorgestellt (continued by C. Geyer). s. n., Augsburg, pp. [i] - [iv] + [i - ii] + [i - ii] + 1 - 30 + [i - ii] + [i - ii], pls. 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 39974" type="book chapter" year="1796">Hübner, 1796</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59F862C3D6C005E6" blockId="5.[151,1098,1512,2039]" box="[151,1006,1689,1714]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
=
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF59C362C0D49505E6" ID-CoL="94MW5" authority="Treitschke, 1828" authorityName="Treitschke" authorityYear="1828" box="[172,443,1689,1714]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Ennychia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59C362C0D42205E5" box="[172,268,1689,1713]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Ennychia</emphasis>
Treitschke, 1828
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="3117885C6524FFBF58A762C3D4DB05E6" box="[456,501,1690,1714]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF5B3D62C0D6C905E6" authority="Linnaeus, 1771" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1771" box="[594,999,1689,1714]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Phalaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="octomaculata">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF5B3D62C0D66D05E5" box="[594,835,1689,1713]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Phalaena octomaculata</emphasis>
Linnaeus, 1771
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59F862EED685059B" blockId="5.[151,1098,1512,2039]" box="[151,939,1719,1743]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
=
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF59C362EED4BB059B" ID-CoL="928KJ" authority="Maes, 1997" authorityName="Maes" authorityYear="1997" box="[172,405,1719,1743]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Ethiobotys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59C362EED436059B" box="[172,280,1719,1743]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Ethiobotys</emphasis>
Maes, 1997
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="3117885C6524FFBF58CD62EED4E1059B" box="[418,463,1719,1743]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF5B4362EED68A059B" ID-CoL="97BNL" authority="Hampson, 1918" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1918" box="[556,932,1719,1743]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Lamprosema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bryalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF5B4362EED7D2059B" box="[556,764,1719,1743]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Lamprosema bryalis</emphasis>
Hampson, 1918
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59F8628CD68305B8" blockId="5.[151,1098,1512,2039]" box="[151,941,1748,1772]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
=
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF59C3628DD49A05B8" ID-CoL="928ZN" authority="Hubner, 1825" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1825" box="[172,436,1748,1772]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Eurrhypara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59C3628DD40D05B8" box="[172,291,1748,1772]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Eurrhypara</emphasis>
Hübner, 1825
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="3117885C6524FFBF58AE628DD4C005B8" box="[449,494,1748,1772]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF5B24628DD68805B8" authority="Linnaeus, 1761" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1761" box="[587,934,1748,1772]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Phalaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="urticata">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF5B24628DD62C05B8" box="[587,770,1748,1772]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Phalaena urticata</emphasis>
Linnaeus, 1761
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59F862ABD6D0045D" blockId="5.[151,1098,1512,2039]" box="[151,1022,1777,1802]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
=
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF59C362A8D4A9045D" ID-CoL="8ZXQL" authority="Hubner, 1806" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1806" box="[172,391,1777,1801]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Palpita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59C362A8D5D9045D" box="[172,247,1777,1801]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Palpita</emphasis>
Hübner, 1806
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="3117885C6524FFBF58FB62ABD4EF045E" box="[404,449,1778,1802]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF5B7162A8D6D9045D" authority="Denis &amp; Schiffermuller, 1775" authorityName="Denis &amp; Schiffermuller" authorityYear="1775" box="[542,1015,1777,1802]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Pyralis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="urticalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF5B7162A8D7EC045D" box="[542,706,1777,1801]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Pyralis urticalis</emphasis>
Denis &amp; Schiffermüller, 1775
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59F86356D1670473" blockId="5.[151,1098,1512,2039]" box="[151,1097,1807,1831]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
=
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF59C36356D7770473" ID-CoL="92KSB" authority="Munroe &amp; Mutuura, 1969" authorityName="Munroe &amp; Mutuura" authorityYear="1969" box="[172,601,1807,1831]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Proteurrhypara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59C36356D4650473" box="[172,331,1807,1831]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Proteurrhypara</emphasis>
Munroe &amp; Mutuura, 1969
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="3117885C6524FFBF5B096356D7BD0473" box="[614,659,1807,1831]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF5B9F6356D16C0473" authority="Warren, 1892" authorityName="Warren" authorityYear="1892" box="[752,1090,1807,1831]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Opsibotys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ocellalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF5B9F6356D69F0473" box="[752,945,1807,1831]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Opsibotys ocellalis</emphasis>
Warren, 1892
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59F86374D13E0410" blockId="5.[151,1098,1512,2039]" box="[151,1040,1836,1860]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
=
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF59C36375D48F0410" ID-CoL="947S3" authority="Warren, 1890" authorityName="Warren" authorityYear="1890" box="[172,417,1836,1860]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Opsibotys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59C36375D43F0410" box="[172,273,1836,1860]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Opsibotys</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6524FFBF58786374D48F0410" author="Warren, W." box="[279,417,1836,1860]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" pagination="474 - 479" refId="ref15272" refString="Warren, W. (1890) Descriptions of some new genera of Pyralidae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, including Zoology, Botany and Geology, London, Series 6, 6, 474 - 479. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939109460637" type="journal article" year="1890">Warren, 1890</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="3117885C6524FFBF58C16375D4F50410" box="[430,475,1836,1860]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF5B586375D1270410" authority="Denis &amp; Schiffermuller, 1775" authorityName="Denis &amp; Schiffermuller" authorityYear="1775" box="[567,1033,1836,1860]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Pyralis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF5B586375D7FA0410" box="[567,724,1836,1860]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Pyralis fuscalis</emphasis>
Denis &amp; Schiffermüller, 1775
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59F86313D1180435" blockId="5.[151,1098,1512,2039]" box="[151,1078,1865,1890]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
=
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF59C36310D4970435" ID-CoL="947SL" authority="Hubner, 1825" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1825" box="[172,441,1865,1889]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Perinephela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59C36310D4060435" box="[172,296,1865,1889]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Perinephela</emphasis>
Hübner, 1825
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="3117885C6524FFBF58A96313D4DD0436" box="[454,499,1866,1890]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF5B206310D1010435" authority="Denis &amp; Schiffermuller, 1775" authorityName="Denis &amp; Schiffermuller" authorityYear="1775" box="[591,1071,1865,1890]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Pyralis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lancealis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF5B206310D7D40435" box="[591,762,1865,1889]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Pyralis lancealis</emphasis>
Denis &amp; Schiffermüller, 1775
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59F8633ED164042B" blockId="5.[151,1098,1512,2039]" box="[151,1098,1895,1919]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
=
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF59C3633ED498042B" ID-CoL="92JVC" authority="Hubner, 1825" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1825" box="[172,438,1895,1919]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Phlyctaenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59C3633ED40B042B" box="[172,293,1895,1919]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Phlyctaenia</emphasis>
Hübner, 1825
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="3117885C6524FFBF58AC633ED4DE042B" box="[451,496,1895,1919]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF5B22633ED16D042B" authority="Denis &amp; Schiffermuller, 1775" authorityName="Denis &amp; Schiffermuller" authorityYear="1775" box="[589,1091,1895,1919]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Pyralis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sambucalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF5B22633ED620042B" box="[589,782,1895,1919]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Pyralis sambucalis</emphasis>
Denis &amp; Schiffermüller, 1775
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59F863DCD12804C8" blockId="5.[151,1098,1512,2039]" box="[151,1030,1924,1948]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
=
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF59C363DCD73504C8" ID-CoL="92KPD" authority="Munroe &amp; Mutuura, 1968" authorityName="Munroe &amp; Mutuura" authorityYear="1968" box="[172,539,1924,1948]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Pronomis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59C363DCD42004C8" box="[172,270,1925,1948]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Pronomis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6524FFBF587B63DCD73504C8" author="Munroe, E. G. &amp; Mutuura, A." box="[276,539,1924,1948]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" pagination="974 - 985" refId="ref14069" refString="Munroe, E. G. &amp; Mutuura, A. (1968) Contributions to a study of the Pyraustinae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) of temperate East Asia III. The Canadian Entomologist, Ottawa, 100 (9), 974 - 985. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 100974 - 9" type="journal article" year="1968">Munroe &amp; Mutuura, 1968</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="3117885C6524FFBF5B4763DDD77B04C8" box="[552,597,1924,1948]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF5BDD63DCD12E04C8" ID-CoL="4QQQT" authority="South, 1901" authorityName="South" authorityYear="1901" box="[690,1024,1924,1948]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Pyrausta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delicatalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF5BDD63DCD65004C8" box="[690,894,1924,1948]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Pyrausta delicatalis</emphasis>
South, 1901
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59F863FBD13704EE" blockId="5.[151,1098,1512,2039]" box="[151,1049,1953,1978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
=
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF59C363F8D71A04EE" ID-CoL="92NZR" authority="Munroe &amp; Mutuura, 1971" authorityName="Munroe &amp; Mutuura" authorityYear="1971" box="[172,564,1953,1978]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Tenerobotys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59C363F8D40804ED" box="[172,294,1953,1977]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Tenerobotys</emphasis>
Munroe &amp; Mutuura, 1971
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="3117885C6524FFBF5B2E63FBD74004EE" box="[577,622,1954,1978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF5BA463F8D13C04EE" ID-CoL="9CBL8" authority="Caradja, 1939" authorityName="Caradja" authorityYear="1939" box="[715,1042,1953,1978]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Hapalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="teneralis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF5BA463F8D65304ED" box="[715,893,1953,1977]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Hapalia teneralis</emphasis>
Caradja, 1939
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59F86398D68E048C" blockId="5.[151,1098,1512,2039]" box="[151,928,1984,2008]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
=
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF59C36399D482048C" ID-CoL="92PS7" authority="Amsel, 1956" authorityName="Amsel" authorityYear="1956" box="[172,428,1984,2008]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Trichovalva" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59C36399D40B048C" box="[172,293,1984,2008]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Trichovalva</emphasis>
Amsel, 1956
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="3117885C6524FFBF58D66399D4C8048C" box="[441,486,1984,2008]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF5B2D6399D6B7048C" ID-CoL="58M3C" authority="Amsel, 1956" authorityName="Amsel" authorityYear="1956" box="[578,921,1984,2008]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Trichovalva" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ledereri">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF5B2D6399D63F048C" box="[578,785,1984,2008]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Trichovalva ledereri</emphasis>
Amsel, 1956
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59F86386D68D04A3" blockId="5.[151,1098,1512,2039]" box="[151,931,2015,2039]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
=
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF59C36386D4E204A3" ID-CoL="92Q39" authority="Mutuura, 1954" authorityName="Mutuura" authorityYear="1954" box="[172,460,2015,2039]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Udonomeiga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59C36386D40104A3" box="[172,303,2015,2039]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Udonomeiga</emphasis>
Mutuura, 1954
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="3117885C6524FFBF58B66386D72804A3" box="[473,518,2015,2039]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF5B0C6386D6B304A3" ID-CoL="9CBMJ" authority="South, 1901" authorityName="South" authorityYear="1901" box="[611,925,2015,2039]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Pyrausta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vicinalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF5B0C6386D63504A3" box="[611,795,2015,2039]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Pyrausta vicinalis</emphasis>
South, 1901
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="439A1E410BFC429EB48971A683E980AC">Fourteen new records of Crambidae (Lepidoptera) from South Korea</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="CD5331D54E84CA250F3DEBD24A3BA88C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="7F9537CC76842DB3FD390629C17927A4">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7CA913445E8DAAD57B85A1D96EE2B856">2022-07-01</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="43027FE8D85AC64AD6B754303C9B465A">5159</mods:number>
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<treatment id="660587E86524FFBF59F864CED70B0636" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6785966" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196377888" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6785966" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:660587E86524FFBF59F864CED70B0636" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/660587E86524FFBF59F864CED70B0636" lastPageNumber="518" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
<subSubSection id="A6B665756524FFBF59F864CED7CD03E5" box="[151,739,151,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59F864CED7CD03E5" blockId="5.[151,739,151,213]" box="[151,739,151,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
<heading id="B55B81926524FFBF59F864CED7CD03E5" bold="true" box="[151,739,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF59F864CED7CD03E5" ID-CoL="6WBVQ" authority="Munroe &amp; Mutuura, 1968" authorityName="Munroe &amp; Mutuura" authorityYear="1968" box="[151,739,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Psammotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59F864CED7CD03E5" bold="true" box="[151,739,151,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59F864CED4BB03E6" bold="true" box="[151,405,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Psammotis orientalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6524FFBF58F364CED7CD03E5" author="Munroe, E. G. &amp; Mutuura, A." box="[412,739,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" pagination="974 - 985" refId="ref14069" refString="Munroe, E. G. &amp; Mutuura, A. (1968) Contributions to a study of the Pyraustinae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) of temperate East Asia III. The Canadian Entomologist, Ottawa, 100 (9), 974 - 985. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 100974 - 9" type="journal article" year="1968">Munroe &amp; Mutuura, 1968</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756524FFBF59F864E2D4160381" box="[151,312,187,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59F864E2D4160381" blockId="5.[151,739,151,213]" box="[151,312,187,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
(
<figureCitation id="76972A7B6524FFBF59F064E2D42F0381" box="[159,257,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,401,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-102@3.[151,1436,378,1867]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adults of 14 species newly recorded from Korea. Scale bar=5 mm. A. Paracymoriza distinctalis, B. Pseudocatharylla duplicellus, C. Psammotis orientalis, D. Anania albeoverbascalis, E. Anania stachydalis, F. Ecpyrrhorrhoe rubiginalis, G. Scoparia iwasakii, H. Haritalodes basipunctalis, I. Nagiella inferior, J. Notarcha aurolinealis, K. Herpetogramma okamotoi, L. Glyphodes formosanus, M. Mecyna fusei, and N. Udea tritalis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786073" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786073/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Figs. 1C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A7B6524FFBF586264E2D4010381" box="[269,303,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[264,1324,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[264,1324,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Female genitalia of the Crambidae from Korea. Scale bar = 1mm. A. Paracymoriza distinctalis, B. Pseudocatharylla duplicellus, C. Psammotis orientalis, D. Anania albeoverbascalis, E. Anania stachydalis, F. Ecpyrrhorrhoe rubiginalis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786083" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786083/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">3C</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756524FFBF59F864A2D1F30246" box="[151,1245,250,274]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59F864A2D1F30246" blockId="5.[151,1245,250,274]" box="[151,1245,250,274]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D06524FFBF59F864A2D1F30246" box="[151,1245,250,274]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF6524FFBF59F864A2D7CD0246" author="Munroe, E. G. &amp; Mutuura, A." box="[151,739,250,274]" page="978" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" year="1968">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF59F864A2D7CD0246" ID-CoL="6WBVQ" authority="Munroe &amp; Mutuura, 1968: 976 - 978" authorityName="Munroe &amp; Mutuura" authorityPageNumber="976 - 978" authorityYear="1968" box="[151,739,250,274]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Psammotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59F864A2D4400246" box="[151,366,250,274]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Psammotis orientalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6524FFBF581B64A2D7CD0246" author="Munroe, E. G. &amp; Mutuura, A." box="[372,739,250,274]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" pagination="974 - 985" refId="ref14069" refString="Munroe, E. G. &amp; Mutuura, A. (1968) Contributions to a study of the Pyraustinae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) of temperate East Asia III. The Canadian Entomologist, Ottawa, 100 (9), 974 - 985. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 100974 - 9" type="journal article" year="1968">Munroe &amp; Mutuura, 1968: 976–978</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 3–4, 20, 31. TL:
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6524FFBF5AAA64A2D12F0246" box="[965,1025,251,274]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="2C68F81C6524FFBF5D6464A3D15C0246" box="[1035,1138,250,274]" country="Japan" name="Hokkaido" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Hokkaido</collectingRegion>
, Sarobetu.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756524FFBF59F86562D1340201" box="[151,1050,315,341]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59F86562D1340201" blockId="5.[151,1437,315,1378]" box="[151,1050,315,341]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59F86562D4AF0201" bold="true" box="[151,385,315,341]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Material examined.</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="F8AAFD776524FFBF58E86562D4C50201" box="[391,491,315,341]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, Sabuk-ri, GW: Jeongseon,
<date id="9A12103E6524FFBF5A4B6562D6880201" box="[804,934,315,341]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" value="2018-08-13">2018.08.13</date>
. (Kim SS)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756524FFBF59A86507D7F7015C" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59A86507D7F7015C" blockId="5.[151,1437,315,1378]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59A86507D46C022C" bold="true" box="[199,322,350,376]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF58256506D717022C" authorityName="Munroe &amp; Mutuura" authorityYear="1968" box="[330,569,350,376]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Psammotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF58256506D717022C" box="[330,569,350,376]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Psammotis orientalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be diagnosed by the dark ochreous and broad central fascia and subtermen of the forewing and blackish hindwing with dark blackish postmedian line and broad subtermen.
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF5C7A65DAD0B202C8" authorityName="Munroe &amp; Mutuura" authorityYear="1968" box="[1301,1436,386,412]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Psammotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF5C7A65DAD0B202C8" box="[1301,1436,386,412]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">P. orientalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is externally very similar to
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF58BE65FED6200294" authority="(Hubner, 1796)" baseAuthorityName="Hubner" baseAuthorityYear="1796" box="[465,782,422,448]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Pyralis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulveralis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF58BE65FED7720294" box="[465,604,422,448]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">P. pulveralis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6524FFBF5B0565FFD62B0294" author="Hubner, J." box="[618,773,422,448]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref12768" refString="Hubner, J. ([1796] - 1833) Sammlung europaischer Schmetterlinge. 6. Horde. Die Zunsler; nach der Natur geordnet, beschrieben und vorgestellt (continued by C. Geyer). s. n., Augsburg, pp. [i] - [iv] + [i - ii] + [i - ii] + 1 - 30 + [i - ii] + [i - ii], pls. 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 39974" type="book chapter" year="1796">Hübner, 1796</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
in wing pattern elements, but can be separated by the dark ochreous and broad subterminal band of the forewing and the distribution:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF5ABF6592D17B02B0" authorityName="Munroe &amp; Mutuura" authorityYear="1968" box="[976,1109,458,484]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Psammotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF5ABF6592D17B02B0" box="[976,1109,458,484]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">P. orientalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in Eastern Asia, while
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF59F865B7D40D0153" baseAuthorityName="Hubner" baseAuthorityYear="1796" box="[151,291,493,519]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Pyralis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulveralis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59F865B7D40D0153" box="[151,291,493,519]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">P. pulveralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in southern and central Europe.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756524FFBF59A86648D1B30717" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59A86648D1B30717" blockId="5.[151,1437,315,1378]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59A86648D477017F" bold="true" box="[199,345,529,555]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Description.</emphasis>
Wingspan
<quantity id="29549B1B6524FFBF58B36648D706017F" box="[476,552,529,555]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" unit="mm" value="24.0">24mm</quantity>
. Head. Antenna filiform, frons broad, mixed with ochreous and dark brown; maxillary palpi minute, covered with ochreous and dark brown; labial palpi long, about three times to eye diameter, 1
<superScript id="19D99BB66524FFBF59CA6600D59E0133" attach="left" box="[165,176,601,615]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">st</superScript>
segment whitish, 2
<superScript id="19D99BB66524FFBF58FD6601D48C0132" attach="left" box="[402,418,600,614]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">nd</superScript>
segment laterally tinged with ochreous and dark brown scales. Body whitish. Forewing yellowish in ground color; basal part tinged with dark ochreous; antemedial line dark ochreous, medially incurved; postmedial line dark ochreous, weakly waved; central fascia dark ochreous, discal dot lunular, dark brown, gradually decreased in width from costa to dorsum; subtermen band-shaped, dark yellowish; termen broad dark brown band-shaped. Hindwing light blackish in ground color; postmedial line blackish, slanted; termen band-shaped with blackish scales.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF58216752D6A10071" bold="true" box="[334,911,779,805]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
Male genitalia (from
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6524FFBF5B236752D6A90071" author="Munroe, E. G. &amp; Mutuura, A." box="[588,903,779,805]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" pagination="974 - 985" refId="ref14069" refString="Munroe, E. G. &amp; Mutuura, A. (1968) Contributions to a study of the Pyraustinae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) of temperate East Asia III. The Canadian Entomologist, Ottawa, 100 (9), 974 - 985. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 100974 - 9" type="journal article" year="1968">Munroe &amp; Mutuura, 1968</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
. Uncus tapering, narrowly rounded tip; vinculum narrow, with a dorsal carina on the mid-line; juxta small with short dorsal projections. Valva moderate width; costa straight, narrowly inflated, apex curved; fibula (=clasper) with pointed basal end and large scale patch, a ventral row of teeth long and decurved distally and the teeth long; sacculus with a setose bulge on dorsal margin basad of fibula. Aedeagus curved, strongly tapering distally, with a narrow patch of cornuti and a bundle of long deciduous ones.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF586867E7D4E2008C" bold="true" box="[263,460,958,984]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Female genitalia</emphasis>
. Papillae anales narrow; posterior apophyses thin, long, about 1.5 times to 8
<superScript id="19D99BB66524FFBF5C4C67E7D01E0098" attach="left" box="[1315,1328,958,972]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">th</superScript>
segment; anterior apophyses thick, about the equal length of 8
<superScript id="19D99BB66524FFBF5B8A67B8D7DC00BB" attach="left" box="[741,754,993,1007]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">th</superScript>
segment; ostium bursae simple, membranous; ductus bursae long, about three times of ostium bursae in length, twisted four times; corpus bursae large, ovate, laterally with a small sac, membranous appendix bursae, signum large fusiform with many minute spicules.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756524FFBF59A86014D69B07FB" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59A86014D6BA0733" blockId="5.[151,1437,315,1378]" box="[199,916,1101,1127]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59A86014D44F0733" bold="true" box="[199,353,1101,1127]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6524FFBF58086014D4D90733" box="[359,503,1101,1127]" name="South Korea" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">South Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6524FFBF5B6D6014D76B0733" box="[514,581,1101,1127]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6524FFBF5B3F6014D7B80733" box="[592,662,1101,1127]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">China</collectingCountry>
, and Russian Far East.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59A86029D69B07FB" blockId="5.[151,1437,315,1378]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59A86029D4A007DE" bold="true" box="[199,398,1136,1162]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">DNA barcoding:</emphasis>
One specimen from
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6524FFBF5BEA6028D63A07DF" box="[645,788,1137,1163]" name="South Korea" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">South Korea</collectingCountry>
(
<accessionNumber id="F1FFAB1D6524FFBF5A496029D68B07DF" box="[806,933,1136,1163]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OK501199" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">OK501199</accessionNumber>
) was sequenced, and the genetic difference between
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF599460CCD4AC07FA" authorityName="Munroe &amp; Mutuura" authorityYear="1968" box="[251,386,1172,1198]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Psammotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF599460CCD4AC07FA" box="[251,386,1172,1198]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">P. orientalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and its European relative,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF5BC160CCD61407FA" baseAuthorityName="Hubner" baseAuthorityYear="1796" box="[686,826,1172,1198]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Pyralis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulveralis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF5BC160CCD61407FA" box="[686,826,1172,1198]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">P. pulveralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was 5.3%.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756524FFBF59A860E1D70B0636" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6524FFBF59A860E1D70B0636" blockId="5.[151,1437,315,1378]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF59A860E1D41A0786" bold="true" box="[199,308,1208,1234]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Remarks</emphasis>
. The genus
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6524FFBF58D060E0D7140786" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1825" box="[447,570,1209,1234]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Psammotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF58D060E0D7140786" box="[447,570,1209,1234]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Psammotis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comprises eight species worldwide and can be distinguished by the well-developed third labial palpomere, the distally straight costa of valva, the presence of appendix bursae on the ovate corpus bursae where the broad and rhombical signum is observed (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6524FFBF5AF06159D158064E" author="Mally, R. &amp; Hayden, J. E. &amp; Neinhuis, C. &amp; Jordal, B. H. &amp; Nuss, M." box="[927,1142,1280,1306]" pageId="5" pageNumber="518" pagination="141 - 204" refId="ref13812" refString="Mally, R., Hayden, J. E., Neinhuis, C., Jordal, B. H. &amp; Nuss, M. (2019) The phylogenetic systematics of Spilomelinae and Pyraustinae (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) inferred from DNA and morphology. Arthropod Systematics &amp; Phylogeny, Dresden, 77 (1), 141 - 204. https: // doi. org / 10.26049 / asp 77 - 1 - 2019 - 07" type="journal article" year="2019">
Mally
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF5A826159D10F064E" box="[1005,1057,1280,1306]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">et al</emphasis>
., 2019
</bibRefCitation>
).
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<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF5DE46159D028064D" box="[1163,1286,1280,1305]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">Psammotis</emphasis>
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feeds on the plants of
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. In
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<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6524FFBF5CE7617DD42C0636" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="518">P. orientalis</emphasis>
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based on the distribution.
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<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6526FFBD59F864CED49103E6" bold="true" box="[151,447,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">Anania albeoverbascalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6526FFBD58AA64CED7BB03E5" author="Yamanaka, H." box="[453,661,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" pagination="31 - 40" refId="ref15322" refString="Yamanaka, H. (1966) A revisional study of the Japanese Anania, with description of a new species. Bulletin of the Naniwa University, Series B, Sakai, 15 (6), 31 - 40." type="journal article" year="1966">Yamanaka, 1966</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756526FFBD59F864E2D4BE0381" box="[151,400,187,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6526FFBD59F864E2D4BE0381" blockId="7.[151,661,151,213]" box="[151,400,187,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">
(
<figureCitation id="76972A7B6526FFBD59F064E2D42C0381" box="[159,258,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,401,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-102@3.[151,1436,378,1867]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adults of 14 species newly recorded from Korea. Scale bar=5 mm. A. Paracymoriza distinctalis, B. Pseudocatharylla duplicellus, C. Psammotis orientalis, D. Anania albeoverbascalis, E. Anania stachydalis, F. Ecpyrrhorrhoe rubiginalis, G. Scoparia iwasakii, H. Haritalodes basipunctalis, I. Nagiella inferior, J. Notarcha aurolinealis, K. Herpetogramma okamotoi, L. Glyphodes formosanus, M. Mecyna fusei, and N. Udea tritalis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786073" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786073/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">Figs. 1D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A7B6526FFBD586064E2D4740381" box="[271,346,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1119,1143]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,181,1091]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[151,1436,181,1096]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male genitalia of the Crambidae from Korea. Scale bar = 1mm (A, E, G, I, K), 0.5mm (B, C, D. F, H, J, L). A, B. Paracymoriza distinctalis; C, D. Pseudocatharylla duplicellus; E, F. Anania albeoverbascalis; G, H. Scoparia iwasakii; I, J. Haritalodes basipunctalis; K, L. Nagiella inferior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786079" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786079/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">2E, 2F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A7B6526FFBD580A64E2D4A60381" box="[357,392,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[264,1324,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[264,1324,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Female genitalia of the Crambidae from Korea. Scale bar = 1mm. A. Paracymoriza distinctalis, B. Pseudocatharylla duplicellus, C. Psammotis orientalis, D. Anania albeoverbascalis, E. Anania stachydalis, F. Ecpyrrhorrhoe rubiginalis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786083" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786083/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">3D</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756526FFBD59F86559D1C4024C" box="[151,1258,255,280]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6526FFBD59F86559D1C4024C" blockId="7.[151,1258,255,280]" box="[151,1258,255,280]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D06526FFBD59F86559D1C4024C" box="[151,1258,255,280]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF6526FFBD59F86559D744024C" author="Yamanaka, H." box="[151,618,255,280]" page="32" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" year="1966">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6526FFBD59F86559D744024C" ID-CoL="9BW58" authority="Yamanaka, 1966: 32" authorityName="Yamanaka" authorityPageNumber="32" authorityYear="1966" box="[151,618,255,280]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Anania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albeoverbascalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6526FFBD59F86559D4BD024C" box="[151,403,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">Anania albeoverbascalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6526FFBD58F76559D744024C" author="Yamanaka, H." box="[408,618,255,280]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" pagination="31 - 40" refId="ref15322" refString="Yamanaka, H. (1966) A revisional study of the Japanese Anania, with description of a new species. Bulletin of the Naniwa University, Series B, Sakai, 15 (6), 31 - 40." type="journal article" year="1966">Yamanaka, 1966: 32</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. TL:
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6526FFBD5BCF6559D7F20243" box="[672,732,256,279]" name="Japan" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">Japan</collectingCountry>
, Honshu,
<collectingRegion id="2C68F81C6526FFBD5A2E6559D12A024C" box="[833,1028,256,280]" country="Japan" name="Toyama" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">Toyama Prefecture</collectingRegion>
, Kurobe, Keyakidaira.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756526FFBD59F8651CD7F702D0" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6526FFBD59F8651CD7F702D0" blockId="7.[151,1437,325,1432]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6526FFBD59F8651CD4AF020B" bold="true" box="[151,385,325,351]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CA36526FFBD58E6651FD1880234" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3828386304" box="[393,1190,326,352]" collectingDate="2012-08-09" collectorName="Is. Ulleungdo &amp; Kim SS" location="Ulleung" municipality="Nari-dong" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Gabu">
<specimenCount id="F8AAFD776526FFBD58E6651FD4F90234" box="[393,471,326,352]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="0E77AC846526FFBD588C651FD7770234" box="[483,601,326,352]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">Nari-dong</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectorName id="435953286526FFBD5B0A651FD62E0234" box="[613,768,326,352]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">Is. Ulleungdo</collectorName>
,
<collectingRegion id="2C68F81C6526FFBD5A63651FD6190234" box="[780,823,326,352]" country="Guinea-Bissau" name="Gabu" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">GB</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="EB7360256526FFBD5A2D651FD6B10234" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:660587E86526FFBD59F864CED68A06CC:EB7360256526FFBD5A2D651FD6B10234" box="[834,927,326,352]" municipality="Nari-dong" name="Ulleung" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" stateProvince="Gabu">Ulleung</location>
,
<date id="9A12103E6526FFBD5AC4651FD1020234" box="[939,1068,326,352]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" value="2012-08-09">
<collectingDate id="8A56E9D66526FFBD5AC4651FD1020234" box="[939,1068,326,352]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" value="2012-08-09">2012.08.09</collectingDate>
</date>
, (
<collectorName id="435953286526FFBD5D50651FD1B20234" box="[1087,1180,326,352]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">Kim SS</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CA36526FFBD5DDD651FD7FB02D0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3828386308" collectingDate="1998-07-24" collectorName="Is. Ulleungdo &amp; Kim SS" location="Ulleung" municipality="Nari-dong" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Gabu">
<specimenCount id="F8AAFD776526FFBD5DDD651FD0380234" box="[1202,1302,326,352]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="0E77AC846526FFBD5C4D651FD0B60234" box="[1314,1432,326,352]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">Nari-dong</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectorName id="435953286526FFBD59F86533D41C02D0" box="[151,306,362,388]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">Is. Ulleungdo</collectorName>
,
<collectingRegion id="2C68F81C6526FFBD58516533D44702D0" box="[318,361,362,388]" country="Guinea-Bissau" name="Gabu" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">GB</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="EB7360256526FFBD581C6533D4FE02D0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:660587E86526FFBD59F864CED68A06CC:EB7360256526FFBD581C6533D4FE02D0" box="[371,464,362,388]" municipality="Nari-dong" name="Ulleung" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" stateProvince="Gabu">Ulleung</location>
,
<date id="9A12103E6526FFBD58B36533D77302D0" box="[476,605,362,388]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" value="1998-07-24">
<collectingDate id="8A56E9D66526FFBD58B36533D77302D0" box="[476,605,362,388]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" value="1998-07-24">1998.07.24</collectingDate>
</date>
. (
<collectorName id="435953286526FFBD5B006533D7E302D0" box="[623,717,362,388]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">Kim SS</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756526FFBD59A865D4D76001F0" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6526FFBD59A865D4D76001F0" blockId="7.[151,1437,325,1432]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6526FFBD59A865D4D46C02F3" bold="true" box="[199,322,397,423]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6526FFBD582665D7D74E02FC" authorityName="Yamanaka" authorityYear="1966" box="[329,608,398,424]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Anania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albeoverbascalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6526FFBD582665D7D74E02FC" box="[329,608,398,424]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">Anania albeoverbascalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be diagnosed by the brownish forewing with the dark brown lunular discal dot and a small dot on the central fascia, the weakly dentate and medially outwardly projected postmedial line, and the strongly waved subterminal line, and the brownish hindwing with medially bent postmedial line, and the strongly waved subterminal line.
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6526FFBD5B5265A3D6320140" authorityName="Yamanaka" authorityYear="1966" box="[573,796,506,532]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Anania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albeoverbascalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6526FFBD5B5265A3D6320140" box="[573,796,506,532]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">A. albeoverbascalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is externally similar to
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6526FFBD5D4365A3D463016D" authority="(Denis and Schiffermuller, 1775)" baseAuthorityName="Denis and Schiffermuller" baseAuthorityYear="1775" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Anania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="verbascalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6526FFBD5D4365A3D1E20140" box="[1068,1228,506,532]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">A. verbascalis</emphasis>
(Denis and Schiffermüller, 1775)
</taxonomicName>
in wing color and wing pattern elements, but can be distinguished by the lunular discal dot and the costally not strongly bent postmedial line of the forewing. The male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6526FFBD5D4C661BD02E0108" authorityName="Yamanaka" authorityYear="1966" box="[1059,1280,578,604]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Anania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albeoverbascalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6526FFBD5D4C661BD02E0108" box="[1059,1280,578,604]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">A. albeoverbascalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6526FFBD5995663FD4B401D4" baseAuthorityName="Denis and Schiffermuller" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[250,410,614,640]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Anania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="verbascalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6526FFBD5995663FD4B401D4" box="[250,410,614,640]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">A. verbascalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but can be distinguished by the lacking of the distal process of sacculus and the short and rounded distal process of the aedeagus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756526FFBD59A866F4D6180678" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6526FFBD59A866F4D6180678" blockId="7.[151,1437,325,1432]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6526FFBD59A866F4D4770193" bold="true" box="[199,345,685,711]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">Description.</emphasis>
Wingspan
<quantity id="29549B1B6526FFBD58B566F7D70B019C" box="[474,549,686,712]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" unit="mm" value="20.0">20mm</quantity>
. Head. Antenna filiform, frons broad, covered with light yellow and ochreous scales; maxillary palpi minute, brown; labial palpi long, about twice to eye diameter, 1
<superScript id="19D99BB66526FFBD5D01668BD15701B4" attach="left" box="[1134,1145,722,736]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">st</superScript>
segment whitish, 2
<superScript id="19D99BB66526FFBD5C3A6688D04B018B" attach="left" box="[1365,1381,721,735]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">nd</superScript>
segment laterally tinged with brown scales. Body whitish. Forewing brownish in ground color; antemedial line weakly undulating, slightly slanted outward; postmedial line weakly dentate, costal and medial part strongly projected outward; central fascia tinged with dark brown scales, strongly tapered from costa to median, discal dot lunular, dark brown; subtermen with light brown, strongly waved line; termen lined with dark brown. Hindwing brownish in ground color; postmedial line weakly dentate; costal and medially projected outward; subtermen with an undulating light brown line; termen lined with dark brown.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6526FFBD5BD667F3D64B0097" bold="true" box="[697,869,937,964]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">Male genitalia</emphasis>
. Uncus long, triangular, laterally weakly concave, tapering strongly with weakly rounded tip; gnathos absent; vinculum dorsolaterally with a strong sharp process; juxta bowl-shaped, laterally sclerotized; saccus broad, medially projected. Valva long slender, medially inflated, apex hairy; costa straight, basal and medially same width, distally narrowed; fibula small rounded process with hairs directed dorsally; sacculus ventrally thick, distally with a small sclerotized process that dorsally connected with the fibula. Aedeagus long, rod-shaped, apex with a pair of sclerotized bump-shaped processes, cornuti a bunch of spinular processes.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6526FFBD581D60DBD71007CF" bold="true" box="[370,574,1153,1180]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">Female genitalia.</emphasis>
Papilla anales small, rounded; posterior apophyses basally thick and tapered distally, curved; anterior apophyses basally thick, tapered distally, the same as long as posterior apophyses; ostium bursae broad, bowl-shaped, medially with triangular sclerotization; ductus bursae long, coiled more than three times, narrow band-shaped sclerotization anterior to ostium bursae; corpus bursae ovate, laterally with appendix bursae, signum large rhomboid process with dense spicules.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756526FFBD59A8616CD68A06CC" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6526FFBD59A8616CD7E40604" blockId="7.[151,1437,325,1432]" box="[199,714,1333,1360]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6526FFBD59A8616CD44F061B" bold="true" box="[199,353,1333,1359]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6526FFBD5808616FD4D90604" box="[359,503,1334,1360]" name="South Korea" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">South Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6526FFBD5B6D616FD76B0604" box="[514,581,1334,1360]" name="Japan" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">Japan</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6526FFBD5B10616FD7E80604" box="[639,710,1334,1360]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">China</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6526FFBD59A86100D68A06CC" blockId="7.[151,1437,325,1432]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6526FFBD59A86100D4A00627" bold="true" box="[199,398,1369,1395]" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">DNA barcoding:</emphasis>
One specimen from
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6526FFBD5BEA6103D63A0620" box="[645,788,1370,1396]" name="South Korea" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">South Korea</collectingCountry>
(
<accessionNumber id="F1FFAB1D6526FFBD5A496103D6880621" box="[806,934,1370,1397]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OK501200" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">OK501200</accessionNumber>
) was sequenced, and the genetic difference between
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6526FFBD59946127D4F606CC" authorityName="Yamanaka" authorityYear="1966" box="[251,472,1406,1432]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Anania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albeoverbascalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6526FFBD59946127D4F606CC" box="[251,472,1406,1432]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">A. albeoverbascalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and its relative,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6526FFBD5BFD6127D61F06CC" baseAuthorityName="Denis and Schiffermuller" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[658,817,1406,1432]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Anania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="verbascalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6526FFBD5BFD6127D61F06CC" box="[658,817,1406,1432]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="520">A. verbascalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was 14%.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

217
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@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
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<mods:title id="3A62AA048C2FF7322FC9B89433EBE297">Fourteen new records of Crambidae (Lepidoptera) from South Korea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9753E274F8BA581EA16EF866BDB57EC2">Shin, Bora</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="05AFE04A0B13A2D264ED7A1949807ACA">Department of Environmental Education, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, South Korea &amp; joy 720 love @ naver. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0081 - 0711</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="7906A235761C60CDCB5617E44816E7D4">Choi, Sei-Woong</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7401EF67C0395DC6395AB6CF52F9ADEF">Department of Environmental Education, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, South Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="F7A289E46A91D0E321517A005D6526BA" type="personal">
<mods:role id="EA4076CF173C1B3E3B070A9145467761">
<mods:roleTerm id="E1BAEBB7469684F2F8CE386E172CB071">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4B4387AFCB2304A257DC0CAA26510B32">Kim, Sung-Soo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="23111D3C1AF2D870121620CCF3E54DAB">Research Institute for East Asian Environment and Biology, Seoul 05264, South Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="BFAE72B51D27A08EEF4C205B9B689DF9">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="D306C19811512EA0AFA462F2961081B0">
<mods:title id="EC54EA0060ED1BD28436841C13421A8A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="0058B313459C6E44D3C41BD55A94FA62">
<mods:date id="435FDAF6A1D7DED5CDE929AFC0205BEE">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A1B190F50DA582BE97100609B74554A8">2022-07-01</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="E8DD285BC83806B60B6F1B13A1C3A97D" type="volume">
<mods:number id="76DB0F5C26EA83197B4C9D98B1254139">5159</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="9BE5446B454A995AA63D4A3E42CAF733">4</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="3BB83357C1C4999DB1971B9050C0E86C">513</mods:start>
<mods:end id="5D5C73CA43954B60191305698F9BF37C">534</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="4C417B05ED97FF7569BE8C94E8DECA72">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="2E96B84E4F85E284411766C7083EFF7C" type="CLB-Dataset">88689</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="145E659BC3C5B78D8027648FF89D307E" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5159.4.3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2E581BB561E9EA309F48D0A82032368B" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="660587E86528FFB059F86248D03D0041" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6785984" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196377885" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6785984" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:660587E86528FFB059F86248D03D0041" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/660587E86528FFB059F86248D03D0041" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="523" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">
<subSubSection id="A6B665756528FFB359F86248D73E057F" box="[151,528,1553,1580]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6528FFB359F86248D73E057F" blockId="9.[151,528,1553,1615]" box="[151,528,1553,1580]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">
<heading id="B55B81926528FFB359F86248D73E057F" bold="true" box="[151,528,1553,1580]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB359F86248D73E057F" ID-CoL="79Z5N" authority="Sasaki, 1991" authorityName="Sasaki" authorityYear="1991" box="[151,528,1553,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Scoparia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iwasakii">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB359F86248D73E057F" bold="true" box="[151,528,1553,1580]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB359F86248D4430578" bold="true" box="[151,365,1553,1580]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Scoparia iwasakii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6528FFB3581A6248D73E057F" author="Sasaki, A." box="[373,528,1553,1579]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" pagination="95 - 106" refId="ref14322" refString="Sasaki, A. (1991) Notes on the Scopariinae (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) from Japan, with descriptions of five new species. Tinea, Tokyo, 13 (11), 95 - 106." type="journal article" year="1991">Sasaki, 1991</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756528FFB359F8626CD445051B" box="[151,363,1589,1615]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6528FFB359F8626CD445051B" blockId="9.[151,528,1553,1615]" box="[151,363,1589,1615]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">
(
<figureCitation id="76972A7B6528FFB359F0626CD42C051B" box="[159,258,1589,1615]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,401,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-102@3.[151,1436,378,1867]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adults of 14 species newly recorded from Korea. Scale bar=5 mm. A. Paracymoriza distinctalis, B. Pseudocatharylla duplicellus, C. Psammotis orientalis, D. Anania albeoverbascalis, E. Anania stachydalis, F. Ecpyrrhorrhoe rubiginalis, G. Scoparia iwasakii, H. Haritalodes basipunctalis, I. Nagiella inferior, J. Notarcha aurolinealis, K. Herpetogramma okamotoi, L. Glyphodes formosanus, M. Mecyna fusei, and N. Udea tritalis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786073" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786073/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Figs. 1G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A7B6528FFB35860626CD44C051B" box="[271,354,1589,1615]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1119,1143]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,181,1091]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[151,1436,181,1096]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male genitalia of the Crambidae from Korea. Scale bar = 1mm (A, E, G, I, K), 0.5mm (B, C, D. F, H, J, L). A, B. Paracymoriza distinctalis; C, D. Pseudocatharylla duplicellus; E, F. Anania albeoverbascalis; G, H. Scoparia iwasakii; I, J. Haritalodes basipunctalis; K, L. Nagiella inferior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786079" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786079/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">2G, 2H</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756528FFB359F86223D02D05C6" box="[151,1283,1658,1682]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6528FFB359F86223D02D05C6" blockId="9.[151,1283,1658,1682]" box="[151,1283,1658,1682]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D06528FFB359F86223D02D05C6" box="[151,1283,1658,1682]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF6528FFB359F86223D70A05C6" author="Sasaki, A." box="[151,548,1658,1682]" page="96" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" year="1991">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB359F86223D70A05C6" ID-CoL="79Z5N" authority="Sasaki, 1991: 95 - 96" authorityName="Sasaki" authorityPageNumber="95 - 96" authorityYear="1991" box="[151,548,1658,1682]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Scoparia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iwasakii">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB359F86223D46305C6" box="[151,333,1658,1682]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Scoparia iwasakii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6528FFB3583B6223D70A05C6" author="Sasaki, A." box="[340,548,1658,1682]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" pagination="95 - 106" refId="ref14322" refString="Sasaki, A. (1991) Notes on the Scopariinae (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) from Japan, with descriptions of five new species. Tinea, Tokyo, 13 (11), 95 - 106." type="journal article" year="1991">Sasaki, 1991: 95–96</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs. 1–2, 17, 24. TL:
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6528FFB35A636223D66605C5" box="[780,840,1658,1681]" name="Japan" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Japan</collectingCountry>
, Honshu,
<collectingRegion id="2C68F81C6528FFB35AC36223D13105C6" box="[940,1055,1658,1682]" country="Japan" name="Akita" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Akita Pref.</collectingRegion>
, Yuze, Orikumaizawa.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756528FFB359F86299D122058E" box="[151,1036,1728,1754]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6528FFB359F86299D122058E" blockId="9.[151,1436,1728,2043]" box="[151,1036,1728,1754]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB359F86299D4AF058E" bold="true" box="[151,385,1728,1754]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CA36528FFB358E86299D126058E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3828386306" box="[391,1032,1728,1754]" collectingDate="2019-09-02" collectionCode="CB" collectorName="Jecheon &amp; Kim SS" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="F8AAFD776528FFB358E86299D4E1058E" box="[391,463,1728,1754]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" type="male">1male</specimenCount>
, Gomyung-ri,
<collectionCode id="88BDAE3B6528FFB35B1D6299D7B5058E" box="[626,667,1728,1754]" country="Australia" name="The CB Rhizobium Collection" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">CB</collectionCode>
:
<collectorName id="435953286528FFB35BC96299D62D058E" box="[678,771,1728,1754]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Jecheon</collectorName>
,
<date id="9A12103E6528FFB35A606299D6BE058E" box="[783,912,1728,1754]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" value="2019-09-02">
<collectingDate id="8A56E9D66528FFB35A606299D6BE058E" box="[783,912,1728,1754]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" value="2019-09-02">2019.09.02</collectingDate>
</date>
. (
<collectorName id="435953286528FFB35ACD6299D12E058E" box="[930,1024,1728,1754]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Kim SS</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756528FFB359A862BDD143043E" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6528FFB359A862BDD143043E" blockId="9.[151,1436,1728,2043]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB359A862BDD46C05AA" bold="true" box="[199,322,1764,1790]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB3582562BDD73B05AA" authorityName="Sasaki" authorityYear="1991" box="[330,533,1764,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Scoparia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iwasakii">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB3582562BDD73B05AA" box="[330,533,1764,1790]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Scoparia iwasakii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be diagnosed by the slender grayish forewing with the thick, band-shaped, dark brown discal dot on the central fascia, and the undulating postmedial line and subterminal lines.
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB35D906351D5E20412" authorityName="Sasaki" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Scoparia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iwasakii">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB35D906351D5E20412" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Scoparia iwasakii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is externally similar to
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB358B36375D63B0413" authority="Walker, 1859" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1859" box="[476,789,1836,1863]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Scoparia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="congestalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB358B36375D7590412" box="[476,631,1836,1862]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">S. congestalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6528FFB35B106375D63B0413" author="Walker, F." box="[639,789,1836,1863]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" pagination="255 - 508" refId="ref15176" refString="Walker, F. (1859) Pyralites. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum, London, 17, 255 - 508. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58221" type="journal article" year="1859">
Walker,
<quantity id="29549B1B6528FFB35BB26375D63B0413" box="[733,789,1836,1863]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7218599999999995" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" unit="in" value="1859.0">1859</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
in wing pattern element, but can be distinguished by the larger wingspan and the sharply pointed distal process of sacculus in the male genitalia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756528FFB059A8632DD762014D" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="523" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6528FFB059A8632DD762014D" blockId="9.[151,1436,1728,2043]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,151,789]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="523" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB359A8632DD47704DA" bold="true" box="[199,345,1908,1934]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Description.</emphasis>
Wingspan
<quantity id="29549B1B6528FFB358B7632DD70D04DA" box="[472,547,1908,1934]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="16.0">16mm</quantity>
. Head. Antenna filiform, frons broad, mixed with whitish and ochreous scales; maxillary palpi porrect, tip with brush-like hairs, brown; labial palpi long, about three times to eye diameter, 1
<superScript id="19D99BB66528FFB35CFE63C1D0B204F2" attach="none" box="[1425,1436,1944,1958]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">st</superScript>
segment whitish, 2
<superScript id="19D99BB66528FFB3580063E5D451049E" attach="left" box="[367,383,1980,1994]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">nd</superScript>
segment laterally dark brownish, 3
<superScript id="19D99BB66528FFB35A7763E5D608049E" attach="left" box="[792,806,1980,1994]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">rd</superScript>
segment light brown. Body whitish. Forewing grayish in ground color; basal part blackish; antemedial line dark brown, slanted, undulating; postmedial line dark brown, dentate, medial part weakly projected outward; central fascia broad, weakly tapered from costa to median, discal dot thick, band-shaped, dark brown; subtermen with a dark brown undulating line; termen dotted with dark brown. Hindwing light grayish in ground color; postmedial line grayish, weakly appearing; termen tinged with brown scales.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652BFFB05987655AD4BC0248" bold="true" box="[232,402,258,285]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">Male genitalia</emphasis>
. Uncus triangular, basally thicker, strongly tapered distally, tip pointed; gnathos long, spinelike longer than the length of uncus; juxta simple; saccus triangular. Valva simple, distally expanded; costa medially weakly concave; sacculus weakly sclerotized, triangular, sharply pointed distal process, not strongly extended the ventral surface of valva. Aedeagus stout; cornuti about three spinular processes in a different size.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652BFFB05DB76536D49D02F8" bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">
Female genitalia (based on
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652BFFB0586065CBD48802F8" author="Sasaki, A." box="[271,422,402,428]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" pagination="95 - 106" refId="ref14322" refString="Sasaki, A. (1991) Notes on the Scopariinae (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) from Japan, with descriptions of five new species. Tinea, Tokyo, 13 (11), 95 - 106." type="journal article" year="1991">Sasaki, 1991</bibRefCitation>
).
</emphasis>
Papillae anales simple, rounded; posterior apophyses thick, almost equal length to 8
<superScript id="19D99BB6652BFFB05C3265CBD04402F4" attach="left" box="[1373,1386,402,416]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">th</superScript>
segment; anterior apophyses basally thicker, gradually tapered distally; ostium bursae simple, weakly sclerotized; ductus bursae long medially with a sclerotized colliculum; corpus bursae ovate, densely covered with minute spicules, signa a linear patch of minute spicules.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652BFFB059A8667BD6AD01D1" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652BFFB059A8667BD75C0169" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,789]" box="[199,626,546,573]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652BFFB059A8667BD44F0168" bold="true" box="[199,353,546,572]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652BFFB05808667AD4DA0169" box="[359,500,547,573]" name="South Korea" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">South Korea</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652BFFB05B44667AD7400169" box="[555,622,547,573]" name="Japan" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">Japan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652BFFB059A8661FD6AD01D1" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652BFFB059A8661FD4A20134" bold="true" box="[199,396,582,608]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">DNA barcoding.</emphasis>
One specimen from
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652BFFB05BEC661ED63D0135" box="[643,787,583,609]" name="South Korea" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">South Korea</collectingCountry>
(
<accessionNumber id="F1FFAB1D652BFFB05A4A661FD68B0135" box="[805,933,582,609]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OK501207" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">OK501207</accessionNumber>
) was sequenced, and the genetic difference between
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652BFFB059946632D45A01D1" authorityName="Sasaki" authorityYear="1991" box="[251,372,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Scoparia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iwasakii">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652BFFB059946632D45A01D1" box="[251,372,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">S. iwasakii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and its relative,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652BFFB05B406632D62601D1" authority="Inoue" authorityName="Inoue" authorityYear="1982" box="[559,776,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Scoparia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nipponalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652BFFB05B406632D7EF01D1" box="[559,705,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">S. nipponalis</emphasis>
Inoue
</taxonomicName>
was 6.4%.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652BFFB059A866D6D03D0041" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652BFFB059A866D6D03D0041" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652BFFB059A866D6D41501FD" bold="true" box="[199,315,655,681]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">Remarks.</emphasis>
The genus
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652BFFB058D266D6D70C01FD" authorityName="Haworth" authorityYear="1811" box="[445,546,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Scoparia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652BFFB058D266D6D70C01FD" box="[445,546,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">Scoparia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be recognized by the male genitalia with a long spinular gnathos, the welldeveloped sacculus with a free distal process, and the presence of cornuti (Li, 2012). The genus comprises more than 230 species on all continents except
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652BFFB05B59668ED78001A5" box="[566,686,727,753]" name="Antarctica" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
, oceanic islands, and tropical lowland forests (Li, 2012). In
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652BFFB05C34668ED5F00041" name="South Korea" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">South Korea</collectingCountry>
, however, only two species of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652BFFB05B5866A2D7B20041" authorityName="Haworth" authorityYear="1811" box="[567,668,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Scoparia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652BFFB05B5866A2D7B20041" box="[567,668,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">Scoparia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are known:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652BFFB05A4866A2D14E0041" authority="Walker, 1859" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1859" box="[807,1120,762,789]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Scoparia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="congestalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652BFFB05A4866A2D6EF0041" box="[807,961,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">S. congestalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652BFFB05AA766A2D14E0041" author="Walker, F." box="[968,1120,762,789]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" pagination="255 - 508" refId="ref15176" refString="Walker, F. (1859) Pyralites. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum, London, 17, 255 - 508. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58221" type="journal article" year="1859">Walker, 1859</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652BFFB05DF566A2D0220041" authorityName="Sasaki" authorityYear="1991" box="[1178,1292,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Scoparia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iwasaki">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652BFFB05DF566A2D0220041" box="[1178,1292,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">S. iwasaki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

176
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<mods:title id="1D359AE8E14429EC76037A93A9E87757">Fourteen new records of Crambidae (Lepidoptera) from South Korea</mods:title>
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<treatment id="660587E86528FFB359F860F3D6B006EB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6794619" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196377883" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6794619" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:660587E86528FFB359F860F3D6B006EB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/660587E86528FFB359F860F3D6B006EB" lastPageNumber="522" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">
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<paragraph id="EE1336FE6528FFB359F860F3D7370790" blockId="9.[151,537,1194,1221]" box="[151,537,1194,1221]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">
<heading id="B55B81926528FFB359F860F3D7370790" bold="true" box="[151,537,1194,1221]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" reason="1">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB359F860F3D7370790" bold="true" box="[151,537,1194,1221]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB3598160F2D7370790" ID-CoL="92MKD" authority="Haworth, 1811" authorityName="Haworth" authorityYear="1811" box="[238,537,1194,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Scoparia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB3598160F2D4740791" bold="true" box="[238,346,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Scoparia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6528FFB3580E60F2D7370790" author="Haworth, A. H." box="[353,537,1194,1221]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" pagination="377 - 512" refId="ref12713" refString="Haworth, A. H. (1811) s. n. In: Lepidoptera Britannica, sistens digestionem novam insectorum lepidopterorum quae in Magna Britannia reperiuntur, larvarum pabulo, temporeque pascendi; expansione alarum, mensibusque volandi, synonymis. R. Taylor, London, pp. 377 - 512." type="book chapter" year="1811">Haworth, 1811</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756528FFB359F860A9D7DA0653" box="[151,756,1263,1288]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6528FFB359F860A9D7DA0653" blockId="9.[151,1104,1263,1472]" box="[151,756,1263,1288]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">
<typeStatus id="3117885C6528FFB359F860A9D5E7065C" box="[151,201,1264,1288]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB3584960A9D7DA0653" authority="Denis &amp; Schiffermuller, 1775" authorityName="Denis &amp; Schiffermuller" authorityYear="1775" box="[294,756,1263,1287]" class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Tinea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyralella">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB3584960A9D4EE0653" box="[294,448,1263,1287]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Tinea pyralella</emphasis>
Denis &amp; Schiffermüller, 1775
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756528FFB359F86157D6B006EB" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6528FFB359F86157D17E0672" blockId="9.[151,1104,1263,1472]" box="[151,1104,1294,1318]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">
=
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB359C36157D4870672" ID-CoL="924LV" authority="Leraut, 1986" authorityName="Leraut" authorityYear="1986" box="[172,425,1294,1318]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Caradjaina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB359C36157D40F0672" box="[172,289,1294,1318]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Caradjaina</emphasis>
Leraut, 1986
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="3117885C6528FFB358D96157D4CD0672" box="[438,483,1294,1318]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB35B2F6157D1670672" authority="Caradja, 1925" authorityName="Caradja" authorityYear="1925" box="[576,1097,1294,1318]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Scoparia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ambigualis" subSpecies="kwangtungialis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB35B2F6157D69D0672" box="[576,947,1294,1318]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Scoparia ambigualis kwangtungialis</emphasis>
Caradja, 1925
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6528FFB359F86174D1230610" blockId="9.[151,1104,1263,1472]" box="[151,1037,1324,1349]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">
=
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB359C36175D4A00610" ID-CoL="93NGJ" authority="Guenee, 1845" authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1845" box="[172,398,1324,1349]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Cholius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB359C36175D5D50610" box="[172,251,1324,1348]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Cholius</emphasis>
Guenée, 1845
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="3117885C6528FFB358F46174D4E60611" box="[411,456,1325,1349]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB35B4A6175D1280610" authority="Denis &amp; Schiffermuller, 1775" authorityName="Denis &amp; Schiffermuller" authorityYear="1775" box="[549,1030,1324,1349]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Pyralis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ochrealis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB35B4A6175D7FF0610" box="[549,721,1324,1348]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Pyralis ochrealis</emphasis>
Denis &amp; Schiffermüller, 1775
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6528FFB359F86115D6DD0637" blockId="9.[151,1104,1263,1472]" box="[151,1011,1355,1379]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">
=
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB359C36112D4A80637" ID-CoL="94MZ4" authority="Curtis, 1827" authorityName="Curtis" authorityYear="1827" box="[172,390,1355,1379]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Eudorea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB359C36112D42C0637" box="[172,258,1355,1379]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Eudorea</emphasis>
Curtis, 1827
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="3117885C6528FFB358FC6112D4EE0637" box="[403,448,1355,1379]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB35B726115D6C20637" authority="Denis &amp; Schiffermuller, 1775" authorityName="Denis &amp; Schiffermuller" authorityYear="1775" box="[541,1004,1355,1379]" class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Tinea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyralella">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB35B726115D7990637" box="[541,695,1355,1379]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Tinea pyralella</emphasis>
Denis &amp; Schiffermüller, 1775
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6528FFB359F86133D6B406D6" blockId="9.[151,1104,1263,1472]" box="[151,922,1386,1410]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">
=
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB359C36133D48806D6" ID-CoL="92MV5" authority="Leraut, 1986" authorityName="Leraut" authorityYear="1986" box="[172,422,1386,1410]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Sineudonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB359C36133D43006D6" box="[172,286,1386,1410]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Sineudonia</emphasis>
Leraut, 1986
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="3117885C6528FFB358DC6133D4CE06D6" box="[435,480,1386,1410]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB35B526133D6BD06D6" ID-CoL="6Z3DQ" authority="Leraut, 1986" authorityName="Leraut" authorityYear="1986" box="[573,915,1386,1410]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Sineudonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnea">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB35B526133D62706D6" box="[573,777,1386,1410]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Sineudonia brunnea</emphasis>
Leraut, 1986
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6528FFB359F861D0D6F706F5" blockId="9.[151,1104,1263,1472]" box="[151,985,1416,1441]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">
=
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB359C361D0D4EF06F5" ID-CoL="94PMS" authority="Butler, 1882" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1882" box="[172,449,1416,1441]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Tetraprosopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB359C361D0D41306F4" box="[172,317,1417,1440]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Tetraprosopus</emphasis>
Butler, 1882
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="3117885C6528FFB358A161D0D4D506F5" box="[462,507,1417,1441]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB35B3761D0D6FC06F5" ID-CoL="98JQF" authority="Butler, 1882" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1882" box="[600,978,1416,1441]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Tetraprosopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meyrickii">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB35B3761D0D66206F4" box="[600,844,1416,1440]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Tetraprosopus meyrickii</emphasis>
Butler, 1882
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6528FFB359F861F1D6B006EB" blockId="9.[151,1104,1263,1472]" box="[151,926,1447,1472]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">
=
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB359C361F1D49D06EB" ID-CoL="94PTR" authority="Meyrick, 1884" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1884" box="[172,435,1447,1471]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Xeroscopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB359C361F1D43906EB" box="[172,279,1448,1471]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Xeroscopa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6528FFB3587161FED49D06EB" author="Meyrick, E." box="[286,435,1447,1471]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" pagination="61 - 80" refId="ref13896" refString="Meyrick, E. (1884) On the classification of the Australian Pyralidina. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1884, 61 - 80 + 277 - 350. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1884. tb 01610. x" type="journal article" year="1884">Meyrick, 1884</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="3117885C6528FFB358AF61FED4C306EB" box="[448,493,1447,1471]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB35B2561FED6B906EB" ID-CoL="79YQW" authority="Knaggs, 1867" authorityName="Knaggs" authorityYear="1867" box="[586,919,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Scoparia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ejuncida">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB35B2561FED62D06EB" box="[586,771,1447,1471]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Scoparia ejuncida</emphasis>
Knaggs, 1867
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<treatment id="660587E86529FFB359F86158D12D0745" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6794617" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196377882" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6794617" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:660587E86529FFB359F86158D12D0745" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/660587E86529FFB359F86158D12D0745" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="522" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">
<subSubSection id="A6B665756529FFB259F86158D7B5064F" box="[151,667,1281,1308]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6529FFB259F86158D7B5064F" blockId="8.[151,667,1281,1343]" box="[151,667,1281,1308]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">
<heading id="B55B81926529FFB259F86158D7B5064F" bold="true" box="[151,667,1281,1308]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6529FFB259F86158D7B5064F" ID-CoL="38NXG" authority="(Hubner, 1796)" baseAuthorityName="Hubner" baseAuthorityYear="1796" box="[151,667,1281,1308]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Ecpyrrhorrhoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6529FFB259F86158D7B5064F" bold="true" box="[151,667,1281,1308]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6529FFB259F86158D4F90648" bold="true" box="[151,471,1281,1308]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">Ecpyrrhorrhoe rubiginalis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6529FFB258886158D7BC064F" author="Hubner, J." box="[487,658,1281,1307]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref12768" refString="Hubner, J. ([1796] - 1833) Sammlung europaischer Schmetterlinge. 6. Horde. Die Zunsler; nach der Natur geordnet, beschrieben und vorgestellt (continued by C. Geyer). s. n., Augsburg, pp. [i] - [iv] + [i - ii] + [i - ii] + 1 - 30 + [i - ii] + [i - ii], pls. 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 39974" type="book chapter" year="1796">Hübner, 1796</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756529FFB259F8617CD401066B" box="[151,303,1317,1343]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6529FFB259F8617CD401066B" blockId="8.[151,667,1281,1343]" box="[151,303,1317,1343]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">
(
<figureCitation id="76972A7B6529FFB259F0617CD5D2066B" box="[159,252,1317,1343]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,401,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-102@3.[151,1436,378,1867]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adults of 14 species newly recorded from Korea. Scale bar=5 mm. A. Paracymoriza distinctalis, B. Pseudocatharylla duplicellus, C. Psammotis orientalis, D. Anania albeoverbascalis, E. Anania stachydalis, F. Ecpyrrhorrhoe rubiginalis, G. Scoparia iwasakii, H. Haritalodes basipunctalis, I. Nagiella inferior, J. Notarcha aurolinealis, K. Herpetogramma okamotoi, L. Glyphodes formosanus, M. Mecyna fusei, and N. Udea tritalis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786073" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786073/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">Figs. 1F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A7B6529FFB25867617CD409066B" box="[264,295,1317,1343]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[264,1324,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[264,1324,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Female genitalia of the Crambidae from Korea. Scale bar = 1mm. A. Paracymoriza distinctalis, B. Pseudocatharylla duplicellus, C. Psammotis orientalis, D. Anania albeoverbascalis, E. Anania stachydalis, F. Ecpyrrhorrhoe rubiginalis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786083" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786083/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">3F</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756529FFB259F8613DD6EB05C4" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6529FFB259F8613DD1610628" blockId="8.[151,1355,1380,1681]" box="[151,1103,1380,1405]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D06529FFB259F8613DD1610628" box="[151,1103,1380,1405]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF6529FFB259F8613DD73E0629" author="Hubner, J." box="[151,528,1380,1405]" page="22" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" year="1796">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6529FFB259F8613DD73E0629" authority="Hubner, 1796: 22" authorityName="Hubner" authorityPageNumber="22" authorityYear="1796" box="[151,528,1380,1405]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Pyralis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6529FFB259F8613DD4780628" box="[151,342,1380,1404]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">Pyralis rubiginalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6529FFB25833613DD73E0629" author="Hubner, J." box="[348,528,1380,1405]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref12768" refString="Hubner, J. ([1796] - 1833) Sammlung europaischer Schmetterlinge. 6. Horde. Die Zunsler; nach der Natur geordnet, beschrieben und vorgestellt (continued by C. Geyer). s. n., Augsburg, pp. [i] - [iv] + [i - ii] + [i - ii] + 1 - 30 + [i - ii] + [i - ii], pls. 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 39974" type="book chapter" year="1796">Hübner, 1796: 22</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 12, fig. 79. TL:
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6529FFB25BB5613DD6090628" box="[730,807,1380,1404]" name="Austria" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">Austria</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="2C68F81C6529FFB25A5F613DD6550628" box="[816,891,1380,1404]" country="Austria" name="Wien" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">Vienna</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6529FFB25AEA613DD6E00628" box="[901,974,1380,1404]" name="Poland" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">Poland</collectingCountry>
, Niemierow.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6529FFB259F861DAD7EE06CF" blockId="8.[151,1355,1380,1681]" box="[151,704,1411,1435]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6529FFB259F861DAD79206CF" ID-CoL="38NXG" authority=": Hubner, [1825]" authorityName=": Hubner" authorityYear="1825" box="[151,700,1411,1435]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Ecpyrrhorrhoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6529FFB259F861DAD48A06CF" box="[151,420,1411,1435]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">Ecpyrrhorrhoe rubiginalis</emphasis>
: Hübner, [1825] 1816: 356
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6529FFB259F861FAD70706EE" blockId="8.[151,1355,1380,1681]" box="[151,553,1442,1466]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D06529FFB259F861FAD70706EE" box="[151,553,1442,1466]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF6529FFB259F861FAD70B06EE" author="Treitschke, F." box="[151,549,1442,1466]" page="87" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" year="1829">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6529FFB259F861FAD70B06EE" authority=": Treitschke, 1829: 87" authorityName="Treitschke" authorityPageNumber="87" authorityYear="1829" box="[151,549,1442,1466]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Botys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6529FFB259F861FAD46B06EE" box="[151,325,1442,1466]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">Botys rubiginalis</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6529FFB2583D61FBD70B06EE" author="Treitschke, F." box="[338,549,1442,1466]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" refId="ref15074" refString="Treitschke, F. (1829) Die Schmetterlinge von Europe (Fortsetzung des Ochsenheimer'schen Werkes). Vol. 7. Fleischer, Leipzig, 252 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 50612" type="book" year="1829">Treitschke, 1829: 87</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6529FFB259F86199D707068C" blockId="8.[151,1355,1380,1681]" box="[151,553,1472,1497]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D06529FFB259F86199D707068C" box="[151,553,1472,1497]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF6529FFB259F86199D70B068C" author="Guenee, M. A." box="[151,549,1472,1497]" page="363" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" year="1854">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6529FFB259F86199D70B068C" authority=": Guenee, 1854: 363" authorityName="Guenee" authorityPageNumber="363" authorityYear="1854" box="[151,549,1472,1497]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Ebulea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6529FFB259F86199D47A068C" box="[151,340,1472,1496]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">Ebulea rubiginalis</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6529FFB2580D6198D70B068C" author="Guenee, M. A." box="[354,549,1472,1497]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" pagination="1 - 448" refId="ref12254" refString="Guenee, M. A. (1854) Deltoides et Pyralites. In: Boisduval, J. B. A. D. de &amp; Guenee, M. A., Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Species General des Lepidopteres. 8 (8). Roret, Paris, pp. 1 - 448. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9194" type="book chapter" year="1854">Guenée, 1854: 363</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6529FFB259F861B9D76A06A3" blockId="8.[151,1355,1380,1681]" box="[151,580,1503,1527]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D06529FFB259F861B9D76A06A3" box="[151,580,1503,1527]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF6529FFB259F861B9D76A06A3" author="Hampson, G. F." box="[151,580,1503,1527]" page="248" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" year="1899">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6529FFB259F861B9D76A06A3" authority=": Hampson, 1899 b: 248" authorityName="Hampson" authorityPageNumber="248" authorityYear="1899" box="[151,580,1503,1527]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Pionea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6529FFB259F861B9D47306A3" box="[151,349,1503,1527]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">Pionea rubiginalis:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6529FFB2580C61B9D76A06A3" author="Hampson, G. F." box="[355,580,1503,1527]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" pagination="172 - 291" refId="ref12532" refString="Hampson, G. F. (1899 b) A revision of the moths of the subfamily Pyraustinae and family Pyralidae. Part II. Proceedings of the General Meetings for Scientific Business of the Zoological Society of London, 1899 (1), 172 - 291. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1899. tb 06856. x" type="journal article" year="1899">Hampson, 1899b: 248</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6529FFB259F861A6D71F0542" blockId="8.[151,1355,1380,1681]" box="[151,561,1534,1558]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D06529FFB259F861A6D71F0542" box="[151,561,1534,1558]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF6529FFB259F861A6D7020542" author="Spuler, A." box="[151,556,1534,1558]" page="232" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" year="1910">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6529FFB259F861A6D7020542" authority=": Spuler, 1910: 232" authorityName="Spuler" authorityPageNumber="232" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,556,1534,1558]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Pyrausta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6529FFB259F861A6D4460542" box="[151,360,1534,1558]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">Pyrausta rubiginalis</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6529FFB2581961A7D7020542" author="Spuler, A." box="[374,556,1534,1558]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" pagination="1 - 523" refId="ref14799" refString="Spuler, A. (1910) s. n. Die Kleinschmetterlinge Europas, Stuttgart, 2, 1 - 523, 3, Tafelband 91." type="journal article" year="1910">Spuler, 1910: 232</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6529FFB259F86245D7760561" blockId="8.[151,1355,1380,1681]" box="[151,600,1564,1589]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D06529FFB259F86245D7760561" box="[151,600,1564,1589]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6529FFB259F86245D4530560" baseAuthorityName="Hübner" box="[151,381,1564,1588]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Udea" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubriginalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6529FFB259F86245D4530560" box="[151,381,1564,1588]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">Udea[sic] rubriginalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF6529FFB258E46245D77D0561" author="Shibuya, J." box="[395,595,1564,1589]" page="219" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" year="1929">
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6529FFB258E46245D77D0561" author="Shibuya, J." box="[395,595,1564,1589]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" pagination="151 - 242" refId="ref14516" refString="Shibuya, J. (1929) On the known and unrecorded species of the Japanese Pyraustinae (Lepid.). Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido Imperial University, Sapporo, 25, 151 - 242." type="journal article" year="1929">Shibuya, 1929: 219</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6529FFB259F86265D1660507" blockId="8.[151,1355,1380,1681]" box="[151,1096,1595,1619]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D06529FFB259F86265D1660507" box="[151,1096,1595,1619]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF6529FFB259F86265D7830507" author="Schawerda, K." box="[151,685,1595,1619]" page="170" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" year="1913">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6529FFB259F86265D7830507" authority="Schawerda, 1913: 170" authorityName="Schawerda" authorityPageNumber="170" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,685,1595,1619]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Pionea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="rubiginalis" subSpecies="delimbalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6529FFB259F86265D4EB0507" box="[151,453,1595,1619]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">Pionea rubiginalis delimbalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6529FFB258A46262D7830507" author="Schawerda, K." box="[459,685,1595,1619]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" pagination="141 - 178" refId="ref14361" refString="Schawerda, K. (1913) Siebenter Nachtrag zur Lepidopterenfauna Bosiens und Herzegowina. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch- Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 63, 141 - 178." type="journal article" year="1913">Schawerda, 1913: 170</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(infrasubsp.). TL:
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6529FFB25A036262D69B0507" box="[876,949,1595,1619]" name="Bosnia and Herzegovina" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">Bosnia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6529FFB25AD06262D16A0507" box="[959,1092,1595,1619]" name="Bosnia and Herzegovina" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">Herzegovina</collectingCountry>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6529FFB259F86203D0650526" blockId="8.[151,1355,1380,1681]" box="[151,1355,1626,1650]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D06529FFB259F86203D0650526" box="[151,1355,1626,1650]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6529FFB259F86203D6100526" authority="Amsel, 1959: 25" authorityName="Hübner" authorityPageNumber="25" authorityYear="1826" box="[151,830,1626,1650]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Perinephele" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6529FFB259F86203D45D0525" box="[151,371,1626,1650]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">Perinephele [Pionea]</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF6529FFB258156203D6100526" author="Amsel, H. G." box="[378,830,1626,1650]" page="25" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" year="1959">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6529FFB258156203D7A10526" box="[378,655,1626,1650]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">rubiginalis f. microlimbalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6529FFB25BFB6203D6100526" author="Amsel, H. G." box="[660,830,1626,1650]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" pagination="1 - 47" refId="ref11607" refString="Amsel, H. G. (1959) Microlepidoptera aus Iran. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde, 28, 1 - 47. [https: // biostor. org / reference / 233091]" type="journal article" year="1959">Amsel, 1959: 25</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 1, fig. 17 (infrasubsp.). TL:
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6529FFB25DEB6203D1810525" box="[1156,1199,1626,1649]" name="Iran" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">Iran</collectingCountry>
, Tahergourabe.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6529FFB259F86220D6EB05C4" blockId="8.[151,1355,1380,1681]" box="[151,965,1656,1681]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D06529FFB259F86220D6EB05C4" box="[151,965,1656,1681]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF6529FFB259F86220D7D405C4" author="Hartig, F. &amp; Amsel, H. G." box="[151,762,1656,1681]" page="62" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" year="1952">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6529FFB259F86220D7D405C4" authority="Hartig &amp; Amsel, 1952: 62" authorityName="Hartig &amp; Amsel" authorityPageNumber="62" authorityYear="1952" box="[151,762,1656,1681]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" form="denigratalis" genus="Pionea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="form" species="rubiginalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6529FFB259F86220D4C705C4" box="[151,489,1656,1681]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">Pionea rubiginalis f. denigratalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6529FFB258806221D7D405C4" author="Hartig, F. &amp; Amsel, H. G." box="[495,762,1656,1681]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" pagination="1 - 152" refId="ref12676" refString="Hartig, F. &amp; Amsel, H. G. (1952) Lepidoptera Sardinica. Fragmenta Entomologica, Roma, 1951 (1), 1 - 152, pls. 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="1952">Hartig &amp; Amsel, 1952: 62</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. TL:
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6529FFB25A5F6221D67105C4" box="[816,863,1656,1680]" name="Italy" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">Italy</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="2C68F81C6529FFB25A066221D6EF05C4" box="[873,961,1656,1680]" country="Italy" name="Sardegna" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">Sardinia</collectingRegion>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756529FFB259F862E7D167058D" box="[151,1097,1726,1753]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6529FFB259F862E7D167058D" blockId="8.[151,1437,1726,2041]" box="[151,1097,1726,1753]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6529FFB259F862E7D4AF058C" bold="true" box="[151,385,1726,1752]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">Material examined.</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="F8AAFD776529FFB258E862E6D4C5058D" box="[391,491,1727,1753]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, Wonmul-orum, JJ: Seogwipo,
<date id="9A12103E6529FFB25A2462E6D6E2058D" box="[843,972,1727,1753]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" value="2019-06-07">2019.06.07</date>
. (Kim SS).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756529FFB259A862BBD67504D9" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6529FFB259A862BBD67504D9" blockId="8.[151,1437,1726,2041]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6529FFB259A862BBD46C05A8" bold="true" box="[199,322,1762,1788]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6529FFB2582562BAD75A05A9" authorityName=": Hubner" authorityYear="1825" box="[330,628,1763,1789]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Ecpyrrhorrhoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6529FFB2582562BAD75A05A9" box="[330,628,1763,1789]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">Ecpyrrhorrhoe rubiginalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be diagnosed by the dark ochreous forewing with strongly dentate and semi-rounded outwardly projected postmedial line, the long discal dot that meets the postmedial line, and the dark ochreous hindwing with blackish weakly dentate postmedial line. This species is externally similar to
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6529FFB25C0E6372D762043D" authority="(Walker, 1866)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1866" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Lamprophaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albifimbrialis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6529FFB25C0E6372D4B2043D" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">Lamprophaia albifimbrialis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6529FFB258C46316D76D043D" author="Walker, F." box="[427,579,1871,1897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" pagination="1121 - 1533" refId="ref15222" refString="Walker, F. (1866 [1865]) Supplement 4. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum, London, 34, 1121 - 1533. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58221" type="journal article" year="1866">Walker, 1866</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
in wing pattern elements, but can be distinguished by the relatively smaller wingspan and strongly dentate postmedial line of the forewing.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756529FFB359A863CFD5DD01A5" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="522" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6529FFB359A863CFD5DD01A5" blockId="8.[151,1437,1726,2041]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,1041]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="522" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6529FFB259A863CFD47704E4" bold="true" box="[199,345,1942,1968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">Description.</emphasis>
Wingspan
<quantity id="29549B1B6529FFB258B363CED70904E5" box="[476,551,1943,1969]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="521" unit="mm" value="16.0">16mm</quantity>
. Head. Antenna filiform, frons broad, middle dark ochreous, edge lined with light yellow scales; maxillary palpi minute, dark brown; labial palpi long, about twice to eye diameter, 1
<superScript id="19D99BB66529FFB25C4263E2D016049D" attach="left" box="[1325,1336,1979,1993]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">st</superScript>
segment whitish, 2
<superScript id="19D99BB66529FFB258656387D43404B8" attach="left" box="[266,282,2014,2028]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="521">nd</superScript>
segment laterally dark brown and dark ochreous scales. Body whitish. Forewing dark ochreous in ground color; antemedial line dark brown, strongly undulating, dorsally strongly bent; postmedial line dark brown, dentate, medial part strongly projected outward; central fascia tinged with dark ochreous or dark brown scales, strongly tapered from costa to median, discal dot long, lunular, dark brown; subtermen with a dark brown undulating line; termen dark brown. Hindwing ochreous in ground color; basal and medial parts tinged with blackish; postmedial line dark brown, weakly dentate, medially strongly projected outward; termen costally with broad dark brown band, which gradually reduced to tornus.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB35BAD6512D0B20231" bold="true" box="[706,1436,330,357]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Male genitalia (based on the website, https://lepiforum.org/).</emphasis>
Uncus basally thick, strongly tapered distally, setose, apex obtuse; juxta narrow, rocket-shaped, laterally sclerotized; saccus triangular. Valva slender, hairy, distally broad; costa straight, basally thicker and gradually narrowed; fibula a large rounded process with strong bristles on top, directed dorsally; sacculus membranous without sclerotization, triangular. Aedeagus rod-shaped, distally with three claw-like processes; cornuti with a patch of strong bristles and a bunch of spinular processes.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB3589B65A6D7EE014C" bold="true" box="[500,704,510,537]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Female genitalia.</emphasis>
Papilla anales small, rounded; posterior apophyses thin, slender, about the length of 8
<superScript id="19D99BB66528FFB35812667BD4A40164" attach="left" box="[381,394,546,560]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">th</superScript>
segment; anterior apophyses thicker and longer than posterior apophyses, almost 1.5 times as long as posterior apophyses; ostium bursae large bowl shaped, laterally convex, medially with a pair of ball-shaped sclerotization; ductus bursae long, strongly curved in the middle, strongly sclerotized and broad colliculum anterior to ostium bursae that continuously extended in a line shaped process along the ductus; corpus bursae ovate, laterally with appendix bursae, signa with a large rhomboid sclerotized process and a small rectangular plate-shaped process.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756528FFB359A866A3D75900D5" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6528FFB359A866A3D64A0041" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1041]" box="[199,868,762,789]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB359A866A3D44F0040" bold="true" box="[199,353,762,788]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6528FFB3580866A2D4D90041" box="[359,503,763,789]" name="South Korea" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">South Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6528FFB35B6D66A2D76B0041" box="[514,581,763,789]" name="Japan" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6528FFB35B3F66A2D7B80041" box="[592,662,763,789]" name="China" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6528FFB35BCE66A2D7FF0041" box="[673,721,763,789]" name="Iran" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Iran</collectingCountry>
, and Europe.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6528FFB359A86747D75900D5" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1041]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB359A86747D4A5006C" bold="true" box="[199,395,798,824]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">DNA barcoding:</emphasis>
One specimen from
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6528FFB35B1C6746D7D0006D" box="[627,766,799,825]" name="South Korea" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">South Korea</collectingCountry>
(
<accessionNumber id="F1FFAB1D6528FFB35A626747D6A3006D" box="[781,909,798,825]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OK501204" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">OK501204</accessionNumber>
) was sequenced. The intraspecific genetic variance in
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB3599F671AD4A40009" authorityName=": Hubner" authorityYear="1825" box="[240,394,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Ecpyrrhorrhoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB3599F671AD4A40009" box="[240,394,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">E. rubiginalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was 1.3% (±0.8 SD), and the average genetic difference between
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB35D1A671AD0210009" authorityName=": Hubner" authorityYear="1825" box="[1141,1295,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Ecpyrrhorrhoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB35D1A671AD0210009" box="[1141,1295,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">E. rubiginalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and its relative,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB359A0673ED4D200D5" authority="(Walker, 1859)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[207,508,870,897]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Ecpyrrhorrhoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celatalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB359A0673ED46300D5" box="[207,333,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">E. celatalis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6528FFB35834673ED4DD00D5" author="Walker, F." box="[347,499,870,897]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" pagination="255 - 508" refId="ref15176" refString="Walker, F. (1859) Pyralites. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum, London, 17, 255 - 508. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58221" type="journal article" year="1859">Walker, 1859</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
was 9.6%.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756528FFB359A867D2D12D0745" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6528FFB359A867D2D12D0745" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1041]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB359A867D2D41500F1" bold="true" box="[199,315,907,933]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Remarks.</emphasis>
The genus
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB358D267D2D74A00F1" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1825" box="[445,612,907,933]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Ecpyrrhorrhoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB358D267D2D74A00F1" box="[445,612,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Ecpyrrhorrhoe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comprises 12 species worldwide, and the high species diversity occurs in the temperate Asian region (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6528FFB358BA67F6D787009D" author="Zhang, D. D. &amp; Li, H. H. &amp; Wang, S. X." box="[469,681,943,969]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" pagination="315 - 325" refId="ref15405" refString="Zhang, D. D., Li, H. H. &amp; Wang, S. X. (2004) A review of Ecpyrrhorrhoe Hubner (Lepidoptera: Crambidae: Pyraustinae) from China, with descriptions of new species. Oriental Insects, 38 (1), 315 - 325. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.2004.10417397" type="journal article" year="2004">
Zhang
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB35B4A67F6D779009D" box="[549,599,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">et al</emphasis>
., 2004
</bibRefCitation>
). The monophyly of the genus was proposed based on morphology (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6528FFB359F0678AD44000B9" author="Mally, R. &amp; Hayden, J. E. &amp; Neinhuis, C. &amp; Jordal, B. H. &amp; Nuss, M." box="[159,366,979,1005]" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" pagination="141 - 204" refId="ref13812" refString="Mally, R., Hayden, J. E., Neinhuis, C., Jordal, B. H. &amp; Nuss, M. (2019) The phylogenetic systematics of Spilomelinae and Pyraustinae (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) inferred from DNA and morphology. Arthropod Systematics &amp; Phylogeny, Dresden, 77 (1), 141 - 204. https: // doi. org / 10.26049 / asp 77 - 1 - 2019 - 07" type="journal article" year="2019">
Mally
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB35984678AD43200B9" box="[235,284,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">et al</emphasis>
., 2019
</bibRefCitation>
). In
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6528FFB358F0678AD70000B9" box="[415,558,979,1005]" name="South Korea" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">South Korea</collectingCountry>
, two species of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB35B8D678AD6A700B9" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1825" box="[738,905,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Ecpyrrhorrhoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB35B8D678AD6A700B9" box="[738,905,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Ecpyrrhorrhoe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are known including
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB35D12678AD03100B9" box="[1149,1311,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB35D12678AD03500B9" authorityName=": Hubner" authorityYear="1825" box="[1149,1307,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Ecpyrrhorrhoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginalis">E. rubiginalis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
The larvae feed on
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB3599E67AED4900745" box="[241,446,1015,1041]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Stachys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="officinalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB3599E67AED4900745" box="[241,446,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Stachys officinalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB358A367AED7BB0745" box="[460,661,1015,1041]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Celleporidae" genus="Galeopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="tetrahit">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB358A367AED7BB0745" box="[460,661,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Galeopsis tetrahit</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6528FFB35BBC67AED6D50745" box="[723,1019,1015,1041]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Ballota" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="522" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6528FFB35BBC67AED6470744" box="[723,873,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="522">Ballota nigra</emphasis>
(Lamiaceae)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<treatment id="660587E8652AFFB659F867FAD0190292" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6785993" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196377880" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6785993" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:660587E8652AFFB659F867FAD0190292" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/660587E8652AFFB659F867FAD0190292" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="525" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652AFFB159F867FAD71100EA" box="[151,575,931,958]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652AFFB159F867FAD71100EA" blockId="11.[151,575,931,995]" box="[151,575,931,958]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">
<heading id="B55B8192652AFFB159F867FAD71100EA" bold="true" box="[151,575,931,958]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652AFFB159F867FAD71100EA" ID-CoL="45KHX" authority="(Hampson, 1899)" baseAuthorityName="Hampson" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[151,575,931,958]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Nagiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inferior">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB159F867FAD71100EA" bold="true" box="[151,575,931,958]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB159F867FAD44C00E9" bold="true" box="[151,354,931,958]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Nagiella inferior</emphasis>
(Hampson, 1899)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652AFFB159F86791D4A200B7" box="[151,396,968,995]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652AFFB159F86791D4A200B7" blockId="11.[151,575,931,995]" box="[151,396,968,995]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">
(
<figureCitation id="76972A7B652AFFB159F06791D5D600B6" box="[159,248,968,994]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,401,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-102@3.[151,1436,378,1867]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adults of 14 species newly recorded from Korea. Scale bar=5 mm. A. Paracymoriza distinctalis, B. Pseudocatharylla duplicellus, C. Psammotis orientalis, D. Anania albeoverbascalis, E. Anania stachydalis, F. Ecpyrrhorrhoe rubiginalis, G. Scoparia iwasakii, H. Haritalodes basipunctalis, I. Nagiella inferior, J. Notarcha aurolinealis, K. Herpetogramma okamotoi, L. Glyphodes formosanus, M. Mecyna fusei, and N. Udea tritalis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786073" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786073/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Figs. 1I</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A7B652AFFB1586B6791D47800B6" box="[260,342,968,994]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1119,1143]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,181,1091]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[151,1436,181,1096]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male genitalia of the Crambidae from Korea. Scale bar = 1mm (A, E, G, I, K), 0.5mm (B, C, D. F, H, J, L). A, B. Paracymoriza distinctalis; C, D. Pseudocatharylla duplicellus; E, F. Anania albeoverbascalis; G, H. Scoparia iwasakii; I, J. Haritalodes basipunctalis; K, L. Nagiella inferior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786079" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786079/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">2K, 2L</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A7B652AFFB1580E6791D4AD00B7" box="[353,387,968,995]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[251,1335,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[251,1336,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 5. Female genitalia of the Crambidae from Korea. Scale bar = 1mm. A. Haritalodes basipunctalis; B. Nagiella inferior, C. Notarcha aurolinealis; D, E. Glyphodes formosanus, F. Mecyna fusei." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786088" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786088/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">5B</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652AFFB159F86055D73507D5" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652AFFB159F86055D7E50770" blockId="11.[151,739,1036,1153]" box="[151,715,1036,1061]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D0652AFFB159F86055D7E50770" box="[151,715,1036,1061]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF652AFFB159F86055D77A0771" author="Hampson, G. F." box="[151,596,1036,1061]" page="724" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" year="1899">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652AFFB159F86055D77A0771" authority="Hampson, 1899 a: 724" authorityName="Hampson" authorityPageNumber="724" authorityYear="1899" box="[151,596,1036,1061]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Sylepta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inferior">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB159F86055D4450771" box="[151,363,1036,1061]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Sylepta [sic] inferior</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652AFFB1581D6054D77A0771" author="Hampson, G. F." box="[370,596,1037,1061]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" pagination="590 - 761" refId="ref12457" refString="Hampson, G. F. (1899 a) A revision of the moths of the subfamily Pyraustinae and family Pyralidae. Part I. Proceedings of the General Meetings for Scientific Business of the Zoological Society of London, 1898 (4), 590 - 761, pls. 49 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1899. tb 06856. x" type="journal article" year="1899">Hampson, 1899a: 724</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. TL:
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652AFFB15BE56054D7E90770" box="[650,711,1037,1060]" name="Japan" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Japan</collectingCountry>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652AFFB159F86075D7CD0717" blockId="11.[151,739,1036,1153]" box="[151,739,1067,1091]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D0652AFFB159F86075D7CD0717" box="[151,739,1067,1091]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF652AFFB159F86075D7420717" author="Motschulsky, V. I." box="[151,620,1067,1091]" page="37" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" year="1861">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652AFFB159F86075D7420717" authority="Motschulsky, 1861: 37" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityPageNumber="37" authorityYear="1861" box="[151,620,1067,1091]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Botys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrimaculalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB159F86075D4520717" box="[151,380,1067,1091]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Botys quadrimaculalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652AFFB158ED6072D7420717" author="Motschulsky, V. I." box="[386,620,1067,1091]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" pagination="4 - 39" refId="ref14035" refString="Motschulsky, V. I. (1861 [1860]) Insectes du Japon. Etudes entomologiques, red. par Victor de Motschulsky, Helsingfors, 9, 4 - 39." type="journal article" year="1861">Motschulsky, 1861: 37</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. TL:
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652AFFB15BCD6075D7F10717" box="[674,735,1068,1091]" name="Japan" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Japan</collectingCountry>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652AFFB159F86013D7340736" blockId="11.[151,739,1036,1153]" box="[151,538,1098,1122]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D0652AFFB159F86013D7340736" box="[151,538,1098,1122]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF652AFFB159F86013D73B0736" author="Munroe, E. G." box="[151,533,1098,1122]" page="876" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" year="1976">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652AFFB159F86013D73B0736" ID-CoL="45KHX" authority=": Munroe, 1976: 876" authorityName=": Munroe" authorityPageNumber="876" authorityYear="1976" box="[151,533,1098,1122]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Nagiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inferior">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB159F86013D46C0736" box="[151,322,1098,1122]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Nagiella inferior</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652AFFB1583F6013D73B0736" author="Munroe, E. G." box="[336,533,1098,1122]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" pagination="873 - 884" refId="ref14129" refString="Munroe, E. G. (1976) New genera and species of Pyraustinae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), mainly from the collection of the British Museum (Natural History). The Canadian Entomologist, Ottawa, 108, 873 - 884. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 108873 - 8" type="journal article" year="1976">Munroe, 1976: 876</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652AFFB159F86031D73507D5" blockId="11.[151,739,1036,1153]" box="[151,539,1128,1153]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D0652AFFB159F86031D73507D5" box="[151,539,1128,1153]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF652AFFB159F86031D73907D5" author="Inoue, H." box="[151,535,1128,1153]" page="343" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" year="1982">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652AFFB159F86031D73907D5" authority=": Inoue, 1982: 343" authorityName="Inoue" authorityPageNumber="343" authorityYear="1982" box="[151,535,1128,1153]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Pleuroptya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inferior">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB159F86031D47407D5" box="[151,346,1128,1153]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Pleuroptya inferior</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652AFFB158076030D73907D5" author="Inoue, H." box="[360,535,1129,1153]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" pagination="307 - 404" refId="ref13040" refString="Inoue, H. (1982) Pyralidae. In: Inoue, H., Sugi, S., Kuroko, H., Moriuti, S. &amp; Kawabe, A. (Eds.), (Ed.), Moths of Japan. Vols. 1 &amp; 2. Kodansha, Tokyo, pp. 307 - 404 &amp; pp. 223 - 254." type="book chapter" year="1982">Inoue, 1982: 343</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652AFFB159F860F7D10E079D" box="[151,1056,1198,1225]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652AFFB159F860F7D10E079D" blockId="11.[151,1437,1198,2017]" box="[151,1056,1198,1225]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB159F860F7D4AF079C" bold="true" box="[151,385,1198,1224]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CA3652AFFB158E860F6D132079D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3828386307" box="[391,1052,1198,1225]" collectingDate="2020-08-25" collectorName="Andeok, JJ &amp; Kim SS" location="Jeju" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Jeju">
<specimenCount id="F8AAFD77652AFFB158E860F6D4FB079D" box="[391,469,1199,1225]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="F8AAFD77652AFFB1588E60F6D76B079D" box="[481,581,1199,1225]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
,
<collectorName id="43595328652AFFB15B2160F6D7E1079D" box="[590,719,1199,1225]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Andeok, JJ</collectorName>
:
<collectingRegion id="2C68F81C652AFFB15BB560F6D624079D" box="[730,778,1199,1225]" country="South Korea" name="Jeju" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Jeju</collectingRegion>
,
<date id="9A12103E652AFFB15A7A60F6D686079D" box="[789,936,1198,1225]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" value="2020-08-25">
<collectingDate id="8A56E9D6652AFFB15A7A60F6D686079D" box="[789,936,1198,1225]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" value="2020-08-25">2020. 08. 25.</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectorName id="43595328652AFFB15AD960F6D13A079D" box="[950,1044,1199,1225]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Kim SS</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652AFFB159A8608BD4C10629" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652AFFB159A8608BD4C10629" blockId="11.[151,1437,1198,2017]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB159A8608BD46C07B8" bold="true" box="[199,322,1234,1260]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652AFFB15827608AD72B07B9" authorityName=": Munroe" authorityYear="1976" box="[328,517,1235,1261]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Nagiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inferior">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB15827608AD72B07B9" box="[328,517,1235,1261]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Nagiella inferior</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be diagnosed by the whitish markings on both fore and hindwings.
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652AFFB15C49608AD0B307B9" authorityName=": Munroe" authorityYear="1976" box="[1318,1437,1235,1261]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Nagiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inferior">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB15C49608AD0B307B9" box="[1318,1437,1235,1261]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">N. inferior</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is externally similar to
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652AFFB158F460AED6350645" authority="(Kollar, 1844)" baseAuthorityName="Kollar" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[411,795,1271,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Botys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrimaculalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB158F460AED75A0645" box="[411,628,1271,1297]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">N. quadrimaculalis</emphasis>
(Kollar, 1844)
</taxonomicName>
in wing color and wing pattern elements, but can be distinguished by the relatively smaller wingspan and smaller white markings on the central fascia of both wings. The male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652AFFB158396166D4E2060D" authorityName=": Munroe" authorityYear="1976" box="[342,460,1343,1369]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Nagiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inferior">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB158396166D4E2060D" box="[342,460,1343,1369]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">N. inferior</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652AFFB15BA96166D6B3060D" baseAuthorityName="Kollar" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[710,925,1343,1369]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Botys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrimaculalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB15BA96166D6B3060D" box="[710,925,1343,1369]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">N. quadrimaculalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but can be distinguished by the button-shaped gnathos and the slender fibula.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652AFFB159A861DFD67A04E9" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652AFFB159A861DFD67A04E9" blockId="11.[151,1437,1198,2017]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB159A861DFD47706F4" bold="true" box="[199,345,1414,1440]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Description.</emphasis>
Wingspan
<quantity id="29549B1B652AFFB158B861DED76206F5" box="[471,588,1415,1441]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" unit="mm" value="19.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="18.0">18–20mm</quantity>
. Antennae filiform; frons broad, whitish; maxillary palpi minute, brownish; labial palpi long, about twice to eye diameter, 1
<superScript id="19D99BB6652AFFB15BC861F2D79C06ED" attach="left" box="[679,690,1451,1465]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">st</superScript>
segment whitish, 2
<superScript id="19D99BB6652AFFB15AE561F3D6B406EC" attach="left" box="[906,922,1450,1464]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">nd</superScript>
segment laterally dark brownish. Body white. Forewing dark brown or blackish in ground color; antemedial line light blackish, slanted, dorsally strongly curved toward dorsum; postmedial line light blackish, costally slanted outward, medially strongly incurved, dorsally meets antemedial line at dorsum; central fascia anteriorly black and white rectangular dots, posteriorly whitish large renal shaped dot, bordering with costal part of the postmedial line; subtermen dark brown; termen lined with yellowish white; fringe dark brown or blackish. Hindwing dark brown or blackish in ground color; postmedial line blackish, costally dentate, medially projected outward and incurved, dorsally transverse; central fascia anteriorly white and black rectangular dots, posteriorly large white dot that bordering with a postmedial line; subtermen dark brownish; termen lined with yellowish white; fringe blackish.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB15BB16292D6BE05B0" bold="true" box="[734,912,1738,1765]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Male genitalia.</emphasis>
Uncus short, trapezoidal; gnathos stubby, button-shaped; juxta broad, simple; saccus triangular. Valva elongate, distally expanded and hairy; costa straight, medially concave; fibula small, hook-shape process directed ventrally; sacculus thin, basally bent. Aedeagus rod-shaped; cornutus absent, but weakly sclerotized on diverticulum.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB15A7A636ED6F70404" bold="true" box="[789,985,1846,1873]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Female genitalia</emphasis>
. Papillae anales simple, apex flat, hairy; posterior apophyses basally thicker, tapered distally, almost equal length to 8
<superScript id="19D99BB6652AFFB15A9C6303D12E043C" attach="left" box="[1011,1024,1882,1896]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">th</superScript>
segment; anterior apophyses basally thicker, gradually tapered distally; ostium bursae simple, tube-like; ductus bursae long medially with ductus seminalis; corpus bursae ovate, signum a small sclerotized process.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652AFFB659A8639FD76203A2" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="525" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652AFFB159A8639FD12304B5" blockId="11.[151,1437,1198,2017]" box="[199,1037,1990,2017]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB159A8639FD44F04B4" bold="true" box="[199,353,1990,2016]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652AFFB15808639ED49C04B5" box="[359,434,1991,2017]" name="Russia" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Russia</collectingCountry>
(Siberia),
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652AFFB15B46639ED74204B5" box="[553,620,1991,2017]" name="Japan" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652AFFB15B19639ED7E504B5" box="[630,715,1991,2017]" name="Taiwan" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652AFFB15BB9639ED66804B5" box="[726,838,1991,2017]" name="Indonesia" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652AFFB15AEE639ED12304B5" box="[897,1037,1991,2017]" name="South Korea" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">South Korea</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652DFFB659A864CFD76203A2" blockId="12.[151,1436,150,455]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB659A864CFD4A503E4" bold="true" box="[199,395,150,176]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">DNA barcoding:</emphasis>
One specimen from
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652DFFB65B1C64CED7D103E5" box="[627,767,151,177]" name="South Korea" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">South Korea</collectingCountry>
(
<accessionNumber id="F1FFAB1D652DFFB65A6264CFD6A203E5" box="[781,908,150,177]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OK501195" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">OK501195</accessionNumber>
) was sequenced. The intraspecific genetic variance in
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652DFFB6598364E3D44C0387" authorityName=": Munroe" authorityYear="1976" box="[236,354,185,211]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Nagiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inferior">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB6598364E3D44C0387" box="[236,354,185,211]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">N. inferior</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was 2.0% (±1.7 SD), and the average genetic difference between
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<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB65D5764E3D1800387" box="[1080,1198,185,211]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">N. inferior</emphasis>
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and its close relative,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652DFFB659F86484D4FF03A2" authority="(Kollar)" baseAuthorityName="Kollar" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[151,465,220,246]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Botys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrimaculalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB659F86484D45E03A2" box="[151,368,220,246]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">N. quadrimaculalis</emphasis>
(Kollar)
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was 6.1%.
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<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB659A864A6D415024D" bold="true" box="[199,315,255,281]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Remarks.</emphasis>
The genus
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comprises four species mainly from South and Southeast Asia and can be differentiated from its similar genera by its short and wide uncus, developed gnathos, broader valva with stout setae subapically, large oblique clasper, and absence of cornuti, as well as by the
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of wing maculation (Lu and Du, 2020). The generic status of
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compared with
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Moore, 1888
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is ambiguous (
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., 2019
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;
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Nuss
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–2021). The South Korean specimens of
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and
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<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB65AEA65D3D17302F7" box="[901,1117,393,419]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">N. quadrimaculalis</emphasis>
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showed the difference in the length and shape of gnathos, stout and button-like, compared with Chinese specimens (Lu and Du, 2020).
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<mods:classification id="D05A158BC98760CE2F6B4827087D711E">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="0F06D41F5AE16583B0DD27C1288D6C58" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5159.4.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="660587E8652BFFB159F860FCD18F01D1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6785990" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196377878" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6785990" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:660587E8652BFFB159F860FCD18F01D1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/660587E8652BFFB159F860FCD18F01D1" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="524" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652BFFB059F860FCD7A307EB" box="[151,653,1189,1216]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652BFFB059F860FCD7A307EB" blockId="10.[151,653,1189,1252]" box="[151,653,1189,1216]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">
<heading id="B55B8192652BFFB059F860FCD7A307EB" bold="true" box="[151,653,1189,1216]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652BFFB059F860FCD7A307EB" ID-CoL="93VTB" authority="(Bremer, 1864)" baseAuthorityName="Bremer" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[151,653,1189,1216]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Haritalodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basipunctalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652BFFB059F860FCD7A307EB" bold="true" box="[151,653,1189,1216]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652BFFB059F860FCD4E20794" bold="true" box="[151,460,1189,1216]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">Haritalodes basipunctalis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652BFFB058B460FCD7AB07EB" author="Bremer, O." box="[475,645,1189,1215]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" pagination="1 - 104" refId="ref11742" refString="Bremer, O. (1864) Lepidopteren Ost-Sibiriens, insbesondere des Amur-Landes, gesammelt von den Herren G. Radde, R. Maack und P. Wulffius. Memoires de l'Academie des Sciences de St-Petersbourg, St. Petersburg, Series 7, 8 (1), 1 - 104, pls. 1 - 8. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 62141" type="journal article" year="1864">Bremer, 1864</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652BFFB059F86090D4A807B0" box="[151,390,1225,1252]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652BFFB059F86090D4A807B0" blockId="10.[151,653,1189,1252]" box="[151,390,1225,1252]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">
(
<figureCitation id="76972A7B652BFFB059F06090D42C07B7" box="[159,258,1225,1251]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,401,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-102@3.[151,1436,378,1867]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adults of 14 species newly recorded from Korea. Scale bar=5 mm. A. Paracymoriza distinctalis, B. Pseudocatharylla duplicellus, C. Psammotis orientalis, D. Anania albeoverbascalis, E. Anania stachydalis, F. Ecpyrrhorrhoe rubiginalis, G. Scoparia iwasakii, H. Haritalodes basipunctalis, I. Nagiella inferior, J. Notarcha aurolinealis, K. Herpetogramma okamotoi, L. Glyphodes formosanus, M. Mecyna fusei, and N. Udea tritalis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786073" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786073/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">Figs. 1H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A7B652BFFB058606090D46107B7" box="[271,335,1225,1251]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1119,1143]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,181,1091]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[151,1436,181,1096]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male genitalia of the Crambidae from Korea. Scale bar = 1mm (A, E, G, I, K), 0.5mm (B, C, D. F, H, J, L). A, B. Paracymoriza distinctalis; C, D. Pseudocatharylla duplicellus; E, F. Anania albeoverbascalis; G, H. Scoparia iwasakii; I, J. Haritalodes basipunctalis; K, L. Nagiella inferior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786079" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786079/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">2I, 2J</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A7B652BFFB058346090D45007B0" box="[347,382,1225,1252]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[251,1335,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[251,1336,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 5. Female genitalia of the Crambidae from Korea. Scale bar = 1mm. A. Haritalodes basipunctalis; B. Nagiella inferior, C. Notarcha aurolinealis; D, E. Glyphodes formosanus, F. Mecyna fusei." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786088" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786088/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">5A</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652BFFB059F86156D7B30611" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652BFFB059F86156D0470671" blockId="10.[151,1385,1294,1349]" box="[151,1385,1294,1318]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D0652BFFB059F86156D0470671" box="[151,1385,1294,1318]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF652BFFB059F86156D7130672" author="Bremer, O." box="[151,573,1294,1318]" page="69" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" year="1864">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652BFFB059F86156D7130672" ID-CoL="93VTB" authority="Bremer, 1864: 68 - 69" authorityName="Bremer" authorityPageNumber="68 - 69" authorityYear="1864" box="[151,573,1294,1318]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Botys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basipunctalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652BFFB059F86156D4730672" box="[151,349,1294,1318]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">Botys basipunctalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652BFFB0580C6157D7130672" author="Bremer, O." box="[355,573,1294,1318]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" pagination="1 - 104" refId="ref11742" refString="Bremer, O. (1864) Lepidopteren Ost-Sibiriens, insbesondere des Amur-Landes, gesammelt von den Herren G. Radde, R. Maack und P. Wulffius. Memoires de l'Academie des Sciences de St-Petersbourg, St. Petersburg, Series 7, 8 (1), 1 - 104, pls. 1 - 8. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 62141" type="journal article" year="1864">Bremer, 1864: 68–69</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 6, fig. 8. TL:
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652BFFB05B806157D61B0672" box="[751,821,1294,1318]" name="Russia" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">Russia</collectingCountry>
, Siberia, Bureja Mountains, Ussuri delta to above Ema.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652BFFB059F86175D7B30611" blockId="10.[151,1385,1294,1349]" box="[151,669,1324,1349]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D0652BFFB059F86175D7B30611" box="[151,669,1324,1349]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652BFFB059F86175D7790611" ID-CoL="93VTB" authority=": Nuss et al., 2003" authorityName="Nuss" authorityYear="2003" box="[151,599,1324,1349]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Haritalodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basipunctalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652BFFB059F86175D4B00610" box="[151,414,1324,1348]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">Haritalodes basipunctalis</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652BFFB058C46174D7790611" author="Nuss, M. &amp; Landry, B. &amp; Mally, R. &amp; Vegliante, F. &amp; Trankner, A. &amp; Bauer, F. &amp; Hayden, J. &amp; Segerer, A. &amp; Schouten, R. &amp; Li, H. &amp; Trofimova, T. &amp; Solis, M. A. &amp; De Prins &amp; Speidel, W." box="[427,599,1324,1349]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" refId="ref14223" refString="Nuss, M., Landry, B., Mally, R., Vegliante, F., Trankner, A., Bauer, F., Hayden, J., Segerer, A., Schouten, R., Li, H., Trofimova, T., Solis, M. A., De Prins J. &amp; Speidel, W. (2003 - 2022) Global Information System on Pyraloidea. Available from: http: // www. pyraloidea. org (accessed 17 February 2022)" type="url" year="2003">
Nuss
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652BFFB0588B6174D73F0610" box="[484,529,1324,1348]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">et al</emphasis>
., 2003
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
–2021.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652BFFB059F8612BD1EC06E5" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652BFFB059F8612BD1EC06E5" blockId="10.[151,1437,1394,2033]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652BFFB059F8612BD4AF06D8" bold="true" box="[151,385,1394,1420]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CA3652BFFB058E6612AD13106D9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3828386315" box="[393,1055,1395,1421]" collectingDate="2013-09-11" collectorName="Songjiho, GW &amp; Kim SS" location="Gangneung" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="F8AAFD77652BFFB058E6612AD4F606D9" box="[393,472,1395,1421]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<collectorName id="43595328652BFFB0588B612AD7A406D9" box="[484,650,1395,1421]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">Songjiho, GW</collectorName>
:
<location id="EB736025652BFFB05BFA612AD63706D9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:660587E8652BFFB159F860FCD18F01D1:EB736025652BFFB05BFA612AD63706D9" box="[661,793,1395,1421]" name="Gangneung" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">Gangneung</location>
,
<date id="9A12103E652BFFB05A4A612AD68806D9" box="[805,934,1395,1421]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" value="2013-09-11">
<collectingDate id="8A56E9D6652BFFB05A4A612AD68806D9" box="[805,934,1395,1421]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" value="2013-09-11">2013.09.11</collectingDate>
</date>
. (
<collectorName id="43595328652BFFB05AD7612AD13806D9" box="[952,1046,1395,1421]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">Kim SS</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CA3652BFFB05D43612AD70706E5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3828386313" collectingDate="2016-07-13" collectorName="Mt. Nambyungsan, GW &amp; Kim SS" location="Mt. Nambyungsan" municipality="Pyungchang" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="F8AAFD77652BFFB05D43612AD15506D9" box="[1068,1147,1395,1421]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<collectorName id="43595328652BFFB05DE8612AD0B706D9" box="[1159,1433,1395,1421]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">
<location id="EB736025652BFFB05DE8612AD07506D9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:660587E8652BFFB159F860FCD18F01D1:EB736025652BFFB05DE8612AD07506D9" box="[1159,1371,1395,1421]" municipality="Pyungchang" name="Mt. Nambyungsan" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">Mt. Nambyungsan</location>
, GW
</collectorName>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="0E77AC84652BFFB059F861CED40A06E5" box="[151,292,1431,1457]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">Pyungchang</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="9A12103E652BFFB0585F61CED49F06E5" box="[304,433,1431,1457]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" value="2016-07-13">
<collectingDate id="8A56E9D6652BFFB0585F61CED49F06E5" box="[304,433,1431,1457]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" value="2016-07-13">2016.07.13</collectingDate>
</date>
. (
<collectorName id="43595328652BFFB058AC61CED70E06E5" box="[451,544,1431,1457]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">Kim SS</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CA3652BFFB05B5A61CED19006E5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3828386314" box="[565,1214,1430,1457]" collectingDate="2005-08-01" collectorName="Mt. Baekun, GW &amp; Choi SW" location="Mt. Baekun" municipality="Wonju" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="F8AAFD77652BFFB05B5A61CED7AD06E5" box="[565,643,1431,1457]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<collectorName id="43595328652BFFB05BE161CED67D06E5" box="[654,851,1431,1457]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">
<location id="EB736025652BFFB05BE161CED63B06E5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:660587E8652BFFB159F860FCD18F01D1:EB736025652BFFB05BE161CED63B06E5" box="[654,789,1431,1457]" municipality="Wonju" name="Mt. Baekun" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">Mt. Baekun</location>
, GW
</collectorName>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="0E77AC84652BFFB05A3361CED68706E5" box="[860,937,1431,1457]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">Wonju</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="9A12103E652BFFB05ADB61CFD11806E5" box="[948,1078,1430,1457]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" value="2005-08-01">
<collectingDate id="8A56E9D6652BFFB05ADB61CFD11806E5" box="[948,1078,1430,1457]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" value="2005-08-01">2005.08.01</collectingDate>
</date>
. (
<collectorName id="43595328652BFFB05D2761CED19B06E5" box="[1096,1205,1431,1457]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">Choi SW</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652BFFB059A861E3D1610531" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652BFFB059A861E3D1610531" blockId="10.[151,1437,1394,2033]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652BFFB059A861E3D46C0680" bold="true" box="[199,322,1466,1492]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652BFFB0582661E2D7420681" box="[329,620,1467,1493]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Haritalodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basipunctalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652BFFB0582661E2D7420681" box="[329,620,1467,1493]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">Haritalodes basipunctalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be diagnosed by the whitish fore- and hindwings with blackish medial lines and horizontal lines on the veins of subtermen.
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652BFFB05A736186D6FA06AD" box="[796,980,1503,1529]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Haritalodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basipunctalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652BFFB05A736186D6FA06AD" box="[796,980,1503,1529]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">H. basipunctalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is externally similar to
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652BFFB05DB06186D41D0549" authority="(Fabricius, 1775)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Haritalodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="derogata">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652BFFB05DB06186D04806AD" box="[1247,1382,1503,1529]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">H. derogata</emphasis>
(Fabricius, 1775)
</taxonomicName>
in wing pattern elements, but can be distinguished by the thick and smoothly lined subterminal line and straight subtermen of the hindwing. The male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652BFFB05A37627ED1210515" box="[856,1039,1575,1601]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Haritalodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basipunctalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652BFFB05A37627ED1210515" box="[856,1039,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">H. basipunctalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652BFFB05C7A627ED0B20515" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[1301,1436,1575,1601]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Haritalodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="derogata">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652BFFB05C7A627ED0B20515" box="[1301,1436,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">H. derogata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but can be distinguished by the relatively long basal process of the sacculus of valva.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652BFFB159A86237D4A602DD" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="524" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652BFFB159A86237D4A602DD" blockId="10.[151,1437,1394,2033]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,151,645]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="524" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652BFFB059A86237D47705DC" bold="true" box="[199,345,1646,1672]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">Description.</emphasis>
Wingspan
<quantity id="29549B1B652BFFB058B76237D76305DD" box="[472,589,1646,1673]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="10" pageNumber="523" unit="mm" value="34.0" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="33.0">33–35mm</quantity>
. Antennae filiform; frons broad, white; maxillary palpi minute, tip whitish; labial palpi moderate in length, about twice to eye diameter, white, 2
<superScript id="19D99BB6652BFFB05ACA62CBD69B05F4" attach="left" box="[933,949,1682,1696]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">nd</superScript>
segment tinged with dark ochreous scales. Body white. Forewing light white in ground color; basal part with about three black dots and light blackish lunulate short line; antemedial line blackish, slanted; postmedial line blackish, costally weakly dentate, medially undulating and strongly curved inward, dorsally meets antemedial line; central fascia costally broad, tapered from middle to dorsum, three blackish large irregulars shaped dots; subtermen with horizontal blackish lines on veins, relatively thick dark blackish band; termen lined with black; fringe mixed with white and black hairs. Hindwing whitish in ground color; anteriorly with black dot and line; postmedial line thick, blackish, medially projected outward, weakly undulating; subtermen with blackish horizontal lines on veins and thick line that dorsally bent; termen line with black.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652BFFB0598E63EAD4BF0498" bold="true" box="[225,401,1970,1997]" pageId="10" pageNumber="523">Male genitalia.</emphasis>
Uncus long, triangular, basally thicker, tapered distally, apex obtuse with bilobed tip; gnathos simple, not strongly projected; vinculum medially strongly convex; juxta narrow; saccus medially projected. Valva long, basally with a pair of sacs of coremata, distally expanded; costa sclerotized, basally broader, tapered distally; fibula slender digitiform process with hairs; sacculus weakly sclerotized. Aedeagus long, slender, apically with minute spicules; cornutus thin rod-shaped process.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB15BCD6486D64303AC" bold="true" box="[674,877,222,249]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Female genitalia.</emphasis>
Papillae anales small; posterior apophyses basally thick, short almost 1.3 of 8
<superScript id="19D99BB6652AFFB158A9655BD4FD0244" attach="left" box="[454,467,258,272]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">th</superScript>
segment; anterior apophyses basally thicker, gradually tapered distally, longer than 8
<superScript id="19D99BB6652AFFB15CFF655BD0B30244" attach="right" box="[1424,1437,258,272]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">th</superScript>
segment; ostium bursae large, funnel-shaped; ductus bursae long, striated, posterior 2/3 curved, anterior to ostium bursae with ductus seminalis; corpus bursae large ovate, signa two rounded patches of minute spicules located in the opposite position.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652AFFB159A865CBD6AA02A1" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652AFFB159A865CBD75C02F9" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,645]" box="[199,626,402,429]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB159A865CBD44F02F8" bold="true" box="[199,353,402,428]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652AFFB1580865CAD4DA02F9" box="[359,500,403,429]" name="South Korea" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">South Korea</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652AFFB15B4465CAD74002F9" box="[555,622,403,429]" name="Japan" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Japan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652AFFB159A865EFD6AA02A1" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB159A865EFD4A50284" bold="true" box="[199,395,438,464]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">DNA barcoding.</emphasis>
One specimen from
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652AFFB15B1065EED6200285" box="[639,782,439,465]" name="South Korea" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">South Korea</collectingCountry>
(
<accessionNumber id="F1FFAB1D652AFFB15A7065EFD6B10285" box="[799,927,438,465]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OK501202" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">OK501202</accessionNumber>
) was sequenced, and the genetic differences between
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652AFFB159946582D49D02A1" box="[251,435,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Haritalodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basipunctalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB159946582D49D02A1" box="[251,435,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">H. basipunctalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and its relatives,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652AFFB15B176582D7D002A1" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[632,766,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Haritalodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="derogata">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB15B176582D7D002A1" box="[632,766,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">H. derogata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were 8.4%.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652AFFB159A865A6D18F01D1" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652AFFB159A865A6D18F01D1" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB159A865A6D41A014D" bold="true" box="[199,308,511,537]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Remarks</emphasis>
. The genus
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652AFFB158D365A6D76C014D" authorityName="Warren" authorityYear="1890" box="[444,578,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Haritalodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB158D365A6D76C014D" box="[444,578,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Haritalodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comprises 11 species worldwide (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652AFFB15AAE65A6D1AE014D" author="Nuss, M. &amp; Landry, B. &amp; Mally, R. &amp; Vegliante, F. &amp; Trankner, A. &amp; Bauer, F. &amp; Hayden, J. &amp; Segerer, A. &amp; Schouten, R. &amp; Li, H. &amp; Trofimova, T. &amp; Solis, M. A. &amp; De Prins &amp; Speidel, W." box="[961,1152,511,537]" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" refId="ref14223" refString="Nuss, M., Landry, B., Mally, R., Vegliante, F., Trankner, A., Bauer, F., Hayden, J., Segerer, A., Schouten, R., Li, H., Trofimova, T., Solis, M. A., De Prins J. &amp; Speidel, W. (2003 - 2022) Global Information System on Pyraloidea. Available from: http: // www. pyraloidea. org (accessed 17 February 2022)" type="url" year="2003">
Nuss
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB15D6E65A6D11C014D" box="[1025,1074,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">et al</emphasis>
., 2003
</bibRefCitation>
–3021) and the species of the genus feed on
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652AFFB1580A667AD4CF0169" box="[357,481,547,573]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652AFFB15884667AD7B20169" box="[491,668,547,573]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Amaranthaceae</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652AFFB15BB7667AD1030169" authority="(Mally et al., 1999)" baseAuthorityName="Mally" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[728,1069,547,573]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">
Moraceae (Mally
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB15ACE667AD6FD0169" box="[929,979,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">et al</emphasis>
., 1999)
</taxonomicName>
. Furthermore,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652AFFB15DBC667AD0740169" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[1235,1370,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Haritalodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="derogata">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB15DBC667AD0740169" box="[1235,1370,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">H. derogata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
feeds on
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB159D2661ED70A0135" box="[189,548,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652AFFB159D2661ED4A70134" box="[189,393,583,609]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Hibiscus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="syriacus">Hibiscus syriacus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652AFFB158F8661ED70A0135" box="[407,548,583,609]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Hibiscus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mutabilis">H. mutabilis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB15B5A661ED6F90135" box="[565,983,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652AFFB15B5A661ED7990135" box="[565,695,583,609]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Hibiscus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hamabo">H. hamabo</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652AFFB15BAA661ED6F90135" box="[709,983,583,609]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Abelmoschus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="esculentus">Abelmoschus esculentus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652AFFB15A87661ED1F20134" box="[1000,1244,583,609]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Corchoropsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crenata">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB15A87661ED1F20134" box="[1000,1244,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Corchoropsis crenata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652AFFB15C4F661ED40801D1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Gossypium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB15C4F661ED0B20135" box="[1312,1436,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Gossypium</emphasis>
(Malvaceae)
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652AFFB1580F6632D4E801D1" box="[352,454,619,645]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Tiliaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Tiliaceae</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652AFFB158866632D70201D1" box="[489,556,619,645]" name="Japan" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Japan</collectingCountry>
. In
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652AFFB15B396632D7CB01D1" box="[598,741,619,645]" name="South Korea" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">South Korea</collectingCountry>
, two species of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652AFFB15AF86632D13301D1" authorityName="Warren" authorityYear="1890" box="[919,1053,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Haritalodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652AFFB15AF86632D13301D1" box="[919,1053,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="524">Haritalodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are known.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

224
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<paragraph id="EE1336FE652CFFB759F866DAD78501C9" blockId="13.[151,683,643,705]" box="[151,683,643,670]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">
<heading id="B55B8192652CFFB759F866DAD78501C9" bold="true" box="[151,683,643,670]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652CFFB759F866DAD78501C9" ID-CoL="3L36Y" authority="Yamanaka, 1976" authorityName="Yamanaka" authorityYear="1976" box="[151,683,643,670]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Herpetogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okamotoi">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652CFFB759F866DAD78501C9" bold="true" box="[151,683,643,670]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652CFFB759F866DAD4FB01CA" bold="true" box="[151,469,643,670]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">Herpetogramma okamotoi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652CFFB758B366DAD78501C9" author="Yamanaka, H." box="[476,683,643,669]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref15364" refString="Yamanaka, H. (1976) Two new species of Herpetogramma from Japan, with a note on the known species (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae). Tinea, Tokyo, 10 (1), 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1976">Yamanaka, 1976</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection id="A6B66575652CFFB759F866FED4470195" box="[151,361,679,705]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652CFFB759F866FED4470195" blockId="13.[151,683,643,705]" box="[151,361,679,705]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">
(
<figureCitation id="76972A7B652CFFB759F066FED42D0195" box="[159,259,679,705]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,401,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-102@3.[151,1436,378,1867]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adults of 14 species newly recorded from Korea. Scale bar=5 mm. A. Paracymoriza distinctalis, B. Pseudocatharylla duplicellus, C. Psammotis orientalis, D. Anania albeoverbascalis, E. Anania stachydalis, F. Ecpyrrhorrhoe rubiginalis, G. Scoparia iwasakii, H. Haritalodes basipunctalis, I. Nagiella inferior, J. Notarcha aurolinealis, K. Herpetogramma okamotoi, L. Glyphodes formosanus, M. Mecyna fusei, and N. Udea tritalis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786073" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786073/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">Figs. 1K</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A7B652CFFB7586066FED44F0195" box="[271,353,679,705]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1951,1975]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,597,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-205@16.[151,1436,597,1928]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male genitalia of the Crambidae from Korea. Scale bar = 1mm (A, C, E, G), 0.5mm (B, D, F, H). A, B. Notarcha aurolinealis; C, D. Herpetogramma okamotoi; E, F. Glyphodes formosanus; G, H. Udea tritalis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786086/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">4C, 4D</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="A6B66575652CFFB759F866B5D1450050" box="[151,1131,747,772]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652CFFB759F866B5D1450050" blockId="13.[151,1131,747,772]" box="[151,1131,747,772]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D0652CFFB759F866B5D1450050" box="[151,1131,747,772]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">
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<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652CFFB759F866B5D7A90057" ID-CoL="3L36Y" authority="Yamanaka, 1976: 2 - 5" authorityName="Yamanaka" authorityPageNumber="2 - 5" authorityYear="1976" box="[151,647,747,772]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Herpetogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okamotoi">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652CFFB759F866B5D48D0050" box="[151,419,748,772]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">Herpetogramma okamotoi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652CFFB758C666B5D7A90057" author="Yamanaka, H." box="[425,647,747,772]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref15364" refString="Yamanaka, H. (1976) Two new species of Herpetogramma from Japan, with a note on the known species (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae). Tinea, Tokyo, 10 (1), 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1976">Yamanaka, 1976: 2–5</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 3, 6, 9. TL:
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652CFFB75A5966B5D65C0057" box="[822,882,748,771]" name="Japan" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="2C68F81C652CFFB75A1366B5D6D20050" box="[892,1020,748,772]" country="Japan" name="Hyogo" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">Hyogo Pref.</collectingRegion>
, Takasago.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652CFFB759F86768D6800018" box="[151,942,817,844]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652CFFB759F86768D6800018" blockId="13.[151,1437,817,1960]" box="[151,942,817,844]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652CFFB759F86768D4AF001F" bold="true" box="[151,385,817,843]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CA3652CFFB758E8676BD6840018" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3828386309" box="[391,938,818,844]" collectingDate="2020-07-24" collectorName="Andeok, JJ &amp; Kim SS" location="Jeju" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Jeju">
<specimenCount id="F8AAFD77652CFFB758E8676BD4CE0018" box="[391,480,818,844]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
,
<collectorName id="43595328652CFFB75885676BD7450018" box="[490,619,818,844]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">Andeok, JJ</collectorName>
:
<collectingRegion id="2C68F81C652CFFB75B1A676BD78B0018" box="[629,677,818,844]" country="South Korea" name="Jeju" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">Jeju</collectingRegion>
,
<date id="9A12103E652CFFB75BDE676BD61C0018" box="[689,818,818,844]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" value="2020-07-24">
<collectingDate id="8A56E9D6652CFFB75BDE676BD61C0018" box="[689,818,818,844]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" value="2020-07-24">2020.07.24</collectingDate>
</date>
. (
<collectorName id="43595328652CFFB75A2B676BD68C0018" box="[836,930,818,844]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">Kim SS</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652CFFB759A8670CD7A5071C" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652CFFB759A8670CD7A5071C" blockId="13.[151,1437,817,1960]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652CFFB759A8670CD46C003B" bold="true" box="[199,322,853,879]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652CFFB75826670ED75F0024" authorityName="Yamanaka" authorityYear="1976" box="[329,625,854,880]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Herpetogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okamotoi">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652CFFB75826670ED75F0024" box="[329,625,854,880]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">Herpetogramma okamotoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be diagnosed by the blackish forewing with the weakly dentate and medially strongly curved postmedial line, and the large black discal dot, and the blackish hindwing with the black discal dot and medially projected postmedial line.
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652CFFB75BB567C6D64800EC" authorityName="Yamanaka" authorityYear="1976" box="[730,870,926,952]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Herpetogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okamotoi">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652CFFB75BB567C6D64800EC" box="[730,870,926,952]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">H. okamotoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is externally similar to other species of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652CFFB75C5867C6D5DA0088" authorityName="Lederer" authorityYear="1863" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Herpetogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652CFFB75C5867C6D5DA0088" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">Herpetogramma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in wing color and wing pattern elements but can be distinguished by the shape of the costal part of the postmedial line of the forewing. The male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652CFFB75B9467BED10A0754" authorityName="Yamanaka" authorityYear="1976" box="[763,1060,998,1024]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Herpetogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okamotoi">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652CFFB75B9467BED10A0754" box="[763,1060,998,1024]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">Herpetogramma okamotoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are similar to those of other
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652CFFB75C0767BED40B0770" authorityName="Lederer" authorityYear="1863" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Herpetogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652CFFB75C0767BED40B0770" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">Herpetogramma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but can be distinguished by the broad and trapezoidal shape of the saccus and the long sclerotization without spine-like cornutus on the aedeagus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652CFFB759A86008D1FD0530" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652CFFB759A86008D1FD0530" blockId="13.[151,1437,817,1960]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652CFFB759A86008D477073F" bold="true" box="[199,345,1105,1131]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">Description.</emphasis>
Wingspan
<quantity id="29549B1B652CFFB758B1600BD77D0738" box="[478,595,1106,1132]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" unit="mm" value="23.5" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="23.0">23–24mm</quantity>
. Antennae filiform; frons broad, top ochreous, middle brownish, bottom grayish; maxillary palpi minute, tip blackish; labial palpi moderate in length, about 2.5 times to eye diameter, 1
<superScript id="19D99BB6652CFFB75C32602FD04607D0" attach="left" box="[1373,1384,1142,1156]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">st</superScript>
segment whitish, 2
<superScript id="19D99BB6652CFFB7582C60C0D47D07F3" attach="left" box="[323,339,1177,1191]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">nd</superScript>
segment laterally dark brownish. Body white. Forewing light blackish in ground color; antemedial line blackish, slanted; postmedial line blackish, costally weakly dentate, medially strongly curved inward; central fascia costally broad, tapered from middle to dorsum, a minute black dot close to the antemedial line, discal dot black, long, slanted, almost meets to the middle part of the postmedial line; subtermen dark brownish; termen lined with yellowish white. Hindwing blackish; anteriorly with a black dot; postmedial line blackish, medially strongly projected outward; termen blackish.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652CFFB75B5A6117D7CF0633" bold="true" box="[565,737,1357,1384]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">Male genitalia</emphasis>
. Uncus long, slender, basally thick, tapered distally and hairy distally, apex obtuse; vinculum dorsally almost flat, medially weakly convex that continuously extended to the basad of costa of valva; juxta broad; saccus trapezoidal with a pair of sacs of coremata. Valva rugby-ball shaped; costa concave, sclerotized. Aedeagus long, slender, apically expanded, with thin plate-like sclerotization; diverticulum with long sclerotization, but no spine-like cornutus.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652CFFB75B8E6187D1C306A3" bold="true" box="[737,1261,1501,1528]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">Female genitalia (based on Okamoto, 1970).</emphasis>
Papillae anales flat, thin, plate-like; posterior apophyses thick, almost 1.5 times of 8
<superScript id="19D99BB6652CFFB75AFC6258D68E055B" attach="left" box="[915,928,1537,1551]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">th</superScript>
segment; anterior apophyses thick, gradually tapered distally; ostium bursae simple, funnel-shaped; ductus bursae long medially with a sclerotized colliculum, anteriorly expanded; corpus bursae large elliptical, signum a small sclerotized plate-like process.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652CFFB759A86234D1540584" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652CFFB759A86234D74505DC" blockId="13.[151,1437,817,1960]" box="[199,619,1645,1672]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652CFFB759A86234D44F05D3" bold="true" box="[199,353,1645,1671]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652CFFB758086237D4DA05DC" box="[359,500,1646,1672]" name="South Korea" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">South Korea</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652CFFB75B446237D74505DC" box="[555,619,1646,1672]" name="Japan" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">Japan</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652CFFB759A862C8D1540584" blockId="13.[151,1437,817,1960]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652CFFB759A862C8D4A205FF" bold="true" box="[199,396,1681,1707]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">DNA barcoding.</emphasis>
One specimen from
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652CFFB75BEB62CBD63D05F8" box="[644,787,1682,1708]" name="South Korea" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">South Korea</collectingCountry>
(
<accessionNumber id="F1FFAB1D652CFFB75A4A62CBD68A05F9" box="[805,932,1682,1709]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OK501196" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">OK501196</accessionNumber>
) was sequenced, and the genetic difference between
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652CFFB7599462EED4A80584" authorityName="Yamanaka" authorityYear="1976" box="[251,390,1718,1744]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Herpetogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okamotoi">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652CFFB7599462EED4A80584" box="[251,390,1718,1744]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">H. okamotoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and its relative,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652CFFB75B2F62EED6D10584" authority="Handfield and Handfield" authorityName="Handfield and Handfield" box="[576,1023,1718,1744]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Herpetogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sphingealis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652CFFB75B2F62EED7CC0584" box="[576,738,1718,1744]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">H. sphingealis</emphasis>
Handfield and Handfield
</taxonomicName>
was 6.2%.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652CFFB759A86283D65C04FC" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652CFFB759A86283D65C04FC" blockId="13.[151,1437,817,1960]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652CFFB759A86283D41505A0" bold="true" box="[199,315,1754,1780]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">Remarks.</emphasis>
The genus
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652CFFB758D56282D75D05A0" authorityName="Lederer" authorityYear="1863" box="[442,627,1755,1780]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Herpetogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652CFFB758D56282D75D05A0" box="[442,627,1755,1780]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">Herpetogramma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comprises 100 species worldwide, highly species rich in the Neotropical and Oriental regions (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652CFFB758E562A7D765044C" author="Nuss, M. &amp; Landry, B. &amp; Mally, R. &amp; Vegliante, F. &amp; Trankner, A. &amp; Bauer, F. &amp; Hayden, J. &amp; Segerer, A. &amp; Schouten, R. &amp; Li, H. &amp; Trofimova, T. &amp; Solis, M. A. &amp; De Prins &amp; Speidel, W." box="[394,587,1790,1816]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" refId="ref14223" refString="Nuss, M., Landry, B., Mally, R., Vegliante, F., Trankner, A., Bauer, F., Hayden, J., Segerer, A., Schouten, R., Li, H., Trofimova, T., Solis, M. A., De Prins J. &amp; Speidel, W. (2003 - 2022) Global Information System on Pyraloidea. Available from: http: // www. pyraloidea. org (accessed 17 February 2022)" type="url" year="2003">
Nuss
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652CFFB758A462A6D4D2044C" box="[459,508,1790,1816]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">et al</emphasis>
., 2003
</bibRefCitation>
–2021). The tribe was the monophyletic supported by the following synapomorphies; the relatively long sensillar setae of basal antennomeres in males, the porrect 3
<superScript id="19D99BB6652CFFB75DF86378D18B047B" attach="left" box="[1175,1189,1825,1839]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">rd</superScript>
labial palpomere, the conical, non-capitate uncus, and the corpus bursae with a granulose area (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652CFFB75A8F631FD19D0434" author="Mally, R. &amp; Hayden, J. E. &amp; Neinhuis, C. &amp; Jordal, B. H. &amp; Nuss, M." box="[992,1203,1862,1888]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" pagination="141 - 204" refId="ref13812" refString="Mally, R., Hayden, J. E., Neinhuis, C., Jordal, B. H. &amp; Nuss, M. (2019) The phylogenetic systematics of Spilomelinae and Pyraustinae (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) inferred from DNA and morphology. Arthropod Systematics &amp; Phylogeny, Dresden, 77 (1), 141 - 204. https: // doi. org / 10.26049 / asp 77 - 1 - 2019 - 07" type="journal article" year="2019">
Mally
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652CFFB75D42631ED14E0434" box="[1069,1120,1862,1888]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">et al</emphasis>
., 2019
</bibRefCitation>
). The species of this genus feed various food plants from ferns to angiosperms (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652CFFB75A5A6333D69404D0" author="Solis, M. A." box="[821,954,1898,1924]" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" pagination="88 - 106" refId="ref14734" refString="Solis, M. A. (2008) Pyraloidea and their known hosts (Insecta: Lepidoptera) of Plummers Island, Maryland. Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington, 15, 88 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.2988 / 0097 - 0298 (2008) 15 [88: PATKHI] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2008">Solis, 2008</bibRefCitation>
), and
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652CFFB75A906332D1A404D0" authorityName="Yamanaka" authorityYear="1976" box="[1023,1162,1898,1924]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Herpetogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okamotoi">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652CFFB75A906332D1A404D0" box="[1023,1162,1898,1924]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">H. okamotoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
feeds on a fern species,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652CFFB759F863D6D71104FC" authority="Poiret" authorityName="Poiret" box="[151,575,1934,1960]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Pteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="526" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multifida">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652CFFB759F863D6D46804FC" box="[151,326,1934,1960]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">Pteris multifida</emphasis>
Poiret (Aspleniaceae)
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652CFFB75B0C63D7D78D04FC" box="[611,675,1934,1960]" name="Japan" pageId="13" pageNumber="526">Japan</collectingCountry>
(Okamoto, 1970).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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Genus
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<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB658496602D4DE0127" box="[294,496,603,627]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Zebronia cassusalis</emphasis>
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=
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<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB659C36627D42D01C2" box="[172,259,638,662]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Haritala</emphasis>
Moore, 1886
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<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB65B4B6627D7C301C2" box="[548,749,638,662]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Zebronia cassusalis</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB659F86717D45D0032" box="[151,371,846,870]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Zebronia aurolinealis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652DFFB658166717D7470032" author="Walker, F." box="[377,617,846,870]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" pagination="255 - 508" refId="ref15176" refString="Walker, F. (1859) Pyralites. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum, London, 17, 255 - 508. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58221" type="journal article" year="1859">Walker, 1859: 478–479</bibRefCitation>
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. TL:
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[
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[Hindostan].
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<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB659F86728D40200DC" box="[151,300,880,904]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Botys faustalis</emphasis>
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, 471, pl. 10, fig. 15. TL:
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652DFFB65B9C6729D67600DC" box="[755,856,880,904]" name="Indonesia" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Moluccas</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652DFFB65A0E6729D6DF00DC" box="[865,1009,880,904]" name="Ambon Island" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Ambon Island</collectingCountry>
[Amboina].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652DFFB659F867CAD1D200FF" blockId="12.[151,1276,846,1009]" box="[151,1276,915,939]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D0652DFFB659F867CAD1D200FF" box="[151,1276,915,939]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF652DFFB659F867CAD70300FF" author="Hampson, G. F." box="[151,557,915,939]" page="38" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" year="1891">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652DFFB659F867CAD70300FF" ID-CoL="973RD" authority="Hampson, 1891: 38" authorityName="Hampson" authorityPageNumber="38" authorityYear="1891" box="[151,557,915,939]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Haritala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delicatalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB659F867CAD47100FF" box="[151,351,915,939]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Haritala delicatalis</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CA3652DFFB6580A67CDD70300FF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3828386310" box="[357,557,915,939]" collectorName="Nilgiri, N." country="India" elevation="1067" location="Tamil Nadu" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652DFFB6580A67CDD70300FF" author="Hampson, G. F." box="[357,557,915,939]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" pagination="139 - 156" refId="ref12327" refString="Hampson, G. F. (1891) The Lepidoptera Heterocera of the Nilgiri district. Illustrations of typical specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera in the collection of the British Museum. Printed by order of the trustees, London, iv + 144 pp., pls. 139 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 53701" type="book chapter" year="1891">Hampson, 1891: 38</bibRefCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, 137, pl. 155, fig. 5. TL:
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652DFFB65A4367CAD64D00FF" box="[812,867,915,939]" name="India" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="2C68F81C652DFFB65A0367CAD6C900FF" box="[876,999,915,939]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
,
<collectorName id="43595328652DFFB65A9E67CAD17400FF" box="[1009,1114,915,939]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Nilgiri, N.</collectorName>
slopes,
<quantity id="29549B1B652DFFB65DC367CAD1D200FF" box="[1196,1276,915,939]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0668" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" unit="ft" value="3500.0">
<elevation id="6581D1CD652DFFB65DC367CAD1D200FF" box="[1196,1276,915,939]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0668" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" unit="ft" value="3500.0">3500 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652DFFB659F867EFD624009A" blockId="12.[151,1276,846,1009]" box="[151,778,950,974]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D0652DFFB659F867EFD624009A" box="[151,778,950,974]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF652DFFB659F867EFD71C009A" author="Walker, F." box="[151,562,950,974]" page="1352" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" year="1866">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652DFFB659F867EFD71C009A" ID-CoL="98PNS" authority="Walker, 1866: 1352" authorityName="Walker" authorityPageNumber="1352" authorityYear="1866" box="[151,562,950,974]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Zebronia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amaenalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB659F867EFD44F009A" box="[151,353,950,974]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Zebronia amaenalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652DFFB6580867EFD71C009A" author="Walker, F." box="[359,562,950,974]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" pagination="1121 - 1533" refId="ref15222" refString="Walker, F. (1866 [1865]) Supplement 4. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum, London, 34, 1121 - 1533. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58221" type="journal article" year="1866">Walker, 1866: 1352</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. TL:
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652DFFB65B0867EFD7E2009A" box="[615,716,950,974]" name="Indonesia" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, Sula.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652DFFB659F86781D7AE00A5" blockId="12.[151,1276,846,1009]" box="[151,640,984,1009]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D0652DFFB659F86781D7AE00A5" box="[151,640,984,1009]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF652DFFB659F86781D75200A5" author="Shaffer, M. &amp; Nielsen, E. S. &amp; Horak, M." box="[151,636,984,1009]" page="197" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" year="1996">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652DFFB659F86781D75200A5" ID-CoL="47S53" authority=": Shaffer et al., 1996: 197" authorityName="Shaffer" authorityPageNumber="197" authorityYear="1996" box="[151,636,984,1009]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Notarcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurolinealis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB659F86781D45800A4" box="[151,374,984,1008]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Notarcha aurolinealis</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652DFFB658EC6781D75200A5" author="Shaffer, M. &amp; Nielsen, E. S. &amp; Horak, M." box="[387,636,984,1009]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" pagination="164 - 199" refId="ref14390" refString="Shaffer, M., Nielsen, E. S. &amp; Horak, M. (1996) Pyraloidea. In: Nielsen, E. S., Edwards, E. D. &amp; Rangsi, T. V., Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Australia. In: Nielsen, E. S., Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera. 4 (4). CSIRO Division of Entomology, Canberra, pp. 164 - 199." type="book chapter" year="1996">
Shaffer
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB658BB6780D72E00A4" box="[468,512,984,1008]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">et al</emphasis>
., 1996: 197
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652DFFB659F86045D4B0072F" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652DFFB659F86045D4B0072F" blockId="12.[151,1437,1052,2021]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB659F86045D4AD0762" bold="true" box="[151,387,1052,1078]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Material examined.</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="F8AAFD77652DFFB658E46045D4F20762" box="[395,476,1052,1078]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, Jeongdo-ri, JN: Wando,
<date id="9A12103E652DFFB65B906045D6AE0762" box="[767,896,1052,1078]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" value="2017-08-24">2017.08.24</date>
. (Choi SW);
<specimenCount id="F8AAFD77652DFFB65D756045D1440762" box="[1050,1130,1052,1078]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, Is. Gwanmae-do, JN: Jindo,
<geoCoordinate id="8B985039652DFFB659A96066D468070D" box="[198,326,1087,1113]" degrees="34.23842" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" precision="1" value="34.23842">N34.23842</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="8B985039652DFFB6583A6067D4CE070D" box="[341,480,1086,1113]" degrees="126.05036" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" precision="1" value="126.05036">E126.05036</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="29549B1B652DFFB6589F6066D70A070D" box="[496,548,1087,1113]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" unit="m" value="37.0">37m</quantity>
,
<date id="9A12103E652DFFB65B5B6066D79B070D" box="[564,693,1087,1113]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" value="2018-06-07">2018.06.07</date>
. (Choi SW);
<specimenCount id="F8AAFD77652DFFB65A396066D686070D" box="[854,936,1087,1113]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="F8AAFD77652DFFB65AD76066D10E070D" box="[952,1056,1087,1113]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, Wando Arboretum, JN: Wando,
<date id="9A12103E652DFFB659F86038D436072F" box="[151,280,1121,1147]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" value="2020-08-28">2020.08.28</date>
. (Kim NH).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652DFFB659A860DDD1400652" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652DFFB659A860DDD1400652" blockId="12.[151,1437,1052,2021]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB659A860DDD46C07CA" bold="true" box="[199,322,1156,1182]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652DFFB6582660DDD71107CA" box="[329,575,1156,1182]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Notarcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurolinealis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB6582660DDD71107CA" box="[329,575,1156,1182]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Notarcha aurolinealis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be diagnosed by the whitish forewing with the ochreous undulating medial lines, the three small black dots on the costa, one large black discal dot, and the whitish hindwing with ochreous medial lines.
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652DFFB6585D6090D70407B7" box="[306,554,1225,1251]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Notarcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurolinealis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB6585D6090D70407B7" box="[306,554,1225,1251]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Notarcha aurolinealis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is externally similar to
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652DFFB65A516093D1A907B0" authority="(Zeller, 1852)" baseAuthorityName="Zeller" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[830,1159,1225,1252]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Notarcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quaternalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB65A516093D6CF07B7" box="[830,993,1225,1251]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">N. quaternalis</emphasis>
(Zeller, 1852)
</taxonomicName>
in wing color and wing pattern elements, but can be distinguished by the large black discal dot on the forewing.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652DFFB659A86157D7EF045A" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652DFFB659A86157D7EF045A" blockId="12.[151,1437,1052,2021]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB659A86157D477067C" bold="true" box="[199,345,1294,1320]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Description.</emphasis>
Wingspan
<quantity id="29549B1B652DFFB658BA6156D764067D" box="[469,586,1295,1321]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" unit="mm" value="17.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="16.0">16–18mm</quantity>
. Antennae filiform; frons broad, yellowish white; maxillary palpi minute, tip white; labial palpi moderate in length, about twice to eye diameter, yellowish white. Body white. Forewing white in ground color; basal part costally with a black minute dot, basal line ochreous, undulating, slanted, costally with a black dot; antemedial line ochreous, slanted, weakly undulating; postmedial line ochreous, medially projected, strongly incurved, costally with a black dot; central fascia broad, tapered from middle to dorsum, a large black discal dot; subtermen with an ochreous rounded line; fringe ochreous. Hindwing white in ground color; basal and antemedial lines ochreous, slanted, relatively thick; postmedial line ochreous, strongly undulating; subtermen ochreous band, costally tinged with light brown scales.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB65A706258D6E3054F" bold="true" box="[799,973,1537,1563]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Male genitalia</emphasis>
. Uncus long, triangular, basally thicker, distally tapered, apex obtuse; gnathos simple; saccus basally expanded, medially projected. Valva broad; costa basally expanded, medially tapered; fibula long spinular process with weakly curled tip; sacculus relatively thicker. Aedeagus cylindrical, about 3–4 long spinular cornuti.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB65B976230D69205D7" bold="true" box="[760,956,1641,1667]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Female genitalia</emphasis>
. Papillae anales small; posterior apophyses thin, slightly longer than 8
<superScript id="19D99BB6652DFFB658D562D5D4E905CE" attach="left" box="[442,455,1676,1690]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">th</superScript>
segment; anterior apophyses basally thicker, gradually tapered distally, long as 1.5 times as 8
<superScript id="19D99BB6652DFFB659AA62F7D5FC05E8" attach="left" box="[197,210,1710,1724]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">th</superScript>
segment; ostium bursae long, funnel-shaped, sclerotized, anteriorly narrowed; ductus bursae short, medially sclerotized with bristles along the bursae, with a pouch-shaped sclerotized appendage; corpus bursae long, elliptical, posteriorly with ductus seminalis, signum absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652DFFB659A8634FD6FA04C9" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652DFFB659A8634FD4E00401" blockId="12.[151,1437,1052,2021]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB659A8634FD44F0464" bold="true" box="[199,353,1814,1840]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652DFFB65807634ED4D60465" box="[360,504,1815,1841]" name="South Korea" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">South Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652DFFB65B6B634ED7690465" box="[516,583,1815,1841]" name="China" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652DFFB65B39634ED7F10465" box="[598,735,1815,1841]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
), Philippine,
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652DFFB65A1B634ED6F40465" box="[884,986,1815,1841]" name="Thailand" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Thailand</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652DFFB65A89634ED10C0465" box="[998,1058,1815,1841]" name="India" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652DFFB65D41634ED1B00465" box="[1070,1182,1815,1841]" name="Indonesia" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652DFFB65DC6634ED0330465" box="[1193,1309,1815,1841]" name="Singapore" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Singapore</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652DFFB65C46634ED0B60465" box="[1321,1432,1815,1841]" name="Myanmar" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
, New
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652DFFB659BC6362D4090401" box="[211,295,1851,1877]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Guinea</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652DFFB6580F6362D4E40401" box="[352,458,1851,1877]" name="Australia" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Australia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652DFFB659A86307D6FA04C9" blockId="12.[151,1437,1052,2021]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB659A86307D4A2042C" bold="true" box="[199,396,1886,1912]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">DNA barcoding.</emphasis>
One specimen from
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652DFFB65BEC6306D63D042D" box="[643,787,1887,1913]" name="South Korea" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">South Korea</collectingCountry>
(
<accessionNumber id="F1FFAB1D652DFFB65A4A6307D68B042D" box="[805,933,1886,1913]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OK501206" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">OK501206</accessionNumber>
) was sequenced, and the genetic difference between
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652DFFB6599463DAD48C04C9" box="[251,418,1923,1949]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Notarcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurolinealis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB6599463DAD48C04C9" box="[251,418,1923,1949]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">N. aurolinealis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and its relative,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652DFFB65B3363DAD67704C9" authority="(Zeller)" baseAuthorityName="Zeller" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[604,857,1923,1949]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Notarcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quaternalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB65B3363DAD7D304C9" box="[604,765,1923,1949]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">N. quaternalis</emphasis>
(Zeller)
</taxonomicName>
was 6.4%.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652DFFB659A863FED1AC04B1" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652DFFB659A863FED1AC04B1" blockId="12.[151,1437,1052,2021]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB659A863FED4150495" bold="true" box="[199,315,1959,1985]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Remarks.</emphasis>
The genus
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652DFFB658D263FED7080495" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1884" box="[445,550,1959,1985]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Notarcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB658D263FED7080495" box="[445,550,1959,1985]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Notarcha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comprises 18 species worldwide, showing high diversity in the Oriental region (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652DFFB659F06392D44E04B1" author="Nuss, M. &amp; Landry, B. &amp; Mally, R. &amp; Vegliante, F. &amp; Trankner, A. &amp; Bauer, F. &amp; Hayden, J. &amp; Segerer, A. &amp; Schouten, R. &amp; Li, H. &amp; Trofimova, T. &amp; Solis, M. A. &amp; De Prins &amp; Speidel, W." box="[159,352,1995,2021]" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" refId="ref14223" refString="Nuss, M., Landry, B., Mally, R., Vegliante, F., Trankner, A., Bauer, F., Hayden, J., Segerer, A., Schouten, R., Li, H., Trofimova, T., Solis, M. A., De Prins J. &amp; Speidel, W. (2003 - 2022) Global Information System on Pyraloidea. Available from: http: // www. pyraloidea. org (accessed 17 February 2022)" type="url" year="2003">
Nuss
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB6598F6392D43F04B1" box="[224,273,1995,2021]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">et al</emphasis>
., 2003
</bibRefCitation>
–2021).
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652DFFB658D46392D77204B1" baseAuthorityName="Zeller" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[443,604,1995,2021]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Notarcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quaternalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB658D46392D77204B1" box="[443,604,1995,2021]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">N. quaternalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
feeds on
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652DFFB65BA86392D13904B1" box="[711,1047,1995,2021]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Sida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="12" pageNumber="525" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhombifolia">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652DFFB65BA86392D6AA04B1" box="[711,900,1995,2021]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Sida rhombifolia</emphasis>
(Malvaceae)
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652DFFB65D556392D15304B1" box="[1082,1149,1995,2021]" name="Japan" pageId="12" pageNumber="525">Japan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document id="28C09F348ED397D7F9DC63EEAC04F4CD" ID-CLB-Dataset="88689" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5159.4.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e6410487-80e2-44df-91d0-b6971c5302b5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6786069" ID-ZooBank="ACA5A619-EAB0-48E3-8496-A0EAD973CC56" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1656658532835" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shin, Bora, Choi, Sei-Woong &amp; Kim, Sung-Soo" docDate="2022" docId="660587E8652EFFA859F86299D1D402DD" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5159.4.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5159 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Udea tritalis Spilomelinae" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="531" masterDocId="9A3CFF906521FFBA596F6459D52E0354" masterDocTitle="Fourteen new records of Crambidae (Lepidoptera) from South Korea" masterLastPageNumber="534" masterPageNumber="513" pageNumber="528" updateTime="1699353984929" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="6871ECE2EE7B01FC1AD061148B6DA238">Fourteen new records of Crambidae (Lepidoptera) from South Korea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="73DFD3B58BC700E62E497C2A1E63C592">Shin, Bora</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F6E3B5AAC3002197D3F73E1B46B7AE5C">Department of Environmental Education, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, South Korea &amp; joy 720 love @ naver. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0081 - 0711</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5AEE3FAC4E3130BF01442194D66BF5DA">Choi, Sei-Woong</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2C9B54B96F984CB6C0D52B5C8B910475">Department of Environmental Education, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, South Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8A2B22B93B389BB71170088FA23C86A7">Kim, Sung-Soo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="251DE822A2CBE1693A92E2229952EF25">Research Institute for East Asian Environment and Biology, Seoul 05264, South Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="EE1336FE652EFFB559F86299D721058E" blockId="15.[151,527,1728,1791]" box="[151,527,1728,1755]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
<heading id="B55B8192652EFFB559F86299D721058E" bold="true" box="[151,527,1728,1755]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652EFFB559F86299D721058E" authority="(Christoph, 1881)" authorityName="Spilomelinae" baseAuthorityName="Christoph" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[151,527,1728,1755]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Udea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tritalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB559F86299D721058E" bold="true" box="[151,527,1728,1755]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB559F86299D402058F" bold="true" box="[151,300,1728,1755]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Udea tritalis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652EFFB558536299D729058E" author="Christoph, H. T." box="[316,519,1728,1754]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" pagination="1 - 80" refId="ref11933" refString="Christoph, H. T. (1881) Neue Lepidopteren des Amurgebietes. Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 56, 1 - 80. https: // biostor. org / reference / 204650" type="journal article" year="1881">Christoph, 1881</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EE1336FE652EFFB559F862BDD44505AB" blockId="15.[151,527,1728,1791]" box="[151,363,1764,1791]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
(
<figureCitation id="76972A7B652EFFB559F062BDD42D05AB" box="[159,259,1764,1791]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,401,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-102@3.[151,1436,378,1867]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adults of 14 species newly recorded from Korea. Scale bar=5 mm. A. Paracymoriza distinctalis, B. Pseudocatharylla duplicellus, C. Psammotis orientalis, D. Anania albeoverbascalis, E. Anania stachydalis, F. Ecpyrrhorrhoe rubiginalis, G. Scoparia iwasakii, H. Haritalodes basipunctalis, I. Nagiella inferior, J. Notarcha aurolinealis, K. Herpetogramma okamotoi, L. Glyphodes formosanus, M. Mecyna fusei, and N. Udea tritalis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786073" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786073/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Figs. 1N</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A7B652EFFB5586062BCD44D05AB" box="[271,355,1765,1791]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1951,1975]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,597,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-205@16.[151,1436,597,1928]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male genitalia of the Crambidae from Korea. Scale bar = 1mm (A, C, E, G), 0.5mm (B, D, F, H). A, B. Notarcha aurolinealis; C, D. Herpetogramma okamotoi; E, F. Glyphodes formosanus; G, H. Udea tritalis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786086/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">4G, 4H</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="A6B66575652EFFB559F86373D7390434" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652EFFB559F86373D6B10415" blockId="15.[151,927,1833,1888]" box="[151,927,1833,1857]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D0652EFFB559F86373D6B10415" box="[151,927,1833,1857]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF652EFFB559F86373D4C20415" author="Christoph, H. T." box="[151,492,1833,1857]" page="20" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" year="1881">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652EFFB559F86373D4C20415" authority="Christoph, 1881: 20" authorityName="Christoph" authorityPageNumber="20" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,492,1833,1857]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Botys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tritalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB559F86373D4340415" box="[151,282,1833,1857]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Botys tritalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652EFFB5584F6370D4C20415" author="Christoph, H. T." box="[288,492,1833,1857]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" pagination="1 - 80" refId="ref11933" refString="Christoph, H. T. (1881) Neue Lepidopteren des Amurgebietes. Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 56, 1 - 80. https: // biostor. org / reference / 204650" type="journal article" year="1881">Christoph, 1881: 20</bibRefCitation>
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. TL:
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652EFFB55B4D6370D7460415" box="[546,616,1833,1857]" name="Russia" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Russia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="2C68F81C652EFFB55B1D6370D63C0415" box="[626,786,1833,1857]" country="Russia" name="Primorskiy" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Primorsky Kraj</collectingRegion>
, Vladivostok.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652EFFB559F86311D7390434" blockId="15.[151,927,1833,1888]" box="[151,535,1864,1888]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652EFFB559F86311D4FC0434" authority=": Nuss et al., 2003" authorityName="Nuss" authorityYear="2003" box="[151,466,1864,1888]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Udea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tritalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB559F86311D4360434" box="[151,280,1864,1888]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Udea tritalis</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652EFFB5584A6311D4FC0434" author="Nuss, M. &amp; Landry, B. &amp; Mally, R. &amp; Vegliante, F. &amp; Trankner, A. &amp; Bauer, F. &amp; Hayden, J. &amp; Segerer, A. &amp; Schouten, R. &amp; Li, H. &amp; Trofimova, T. &amp; Solis, M. A. &amp; De Prins &amp; Speidel, W." box="[293,466,1864,1888]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" refId="ref14223" refString="Nuss, M., Landry, B., Mally, R., Vegliante, F., Trankner, A., Bauer, F., Hayden, J., Segerer, A., Schouten, R., Li, H., Trofimova, T., Solis, M. A., De Prins J. &amp; Speidel, W. (2003 - 2022) Global Information System on Pyraloidea. Available from: http: // www. pyraloidea. org (accessed 17 February 2022)" type="url" year="2003">
Nuss
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB558316311D4A50434" box="[350,395,1864,1888]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">et al</emphasis>
., 2003
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
–2021.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EE1336FE652EFFB559F863D4D10D04FC" blockId="15.[151,1436,1933,2032]" box="[151,1059,1933,1960]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB559F863D4D4AF04F3" bold="true" box="[151,385,1933,1959]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CA3652EFFB558E863D7D13104FC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3828386302" box="[391,1055,1934,1960]" collectingDate="2018-07-08" collectorName="Is. Ulleungdo &amp; Kim SS" location="Ulleung" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Gabu">
<specimenCount id="F8AAFD77652EFFB558E863D7D4FB04FC" box="[391,469,1934,1960]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<collectorName id="43595328652EFFB5588E63D7D75204FC" box="[481,636,1934,1960]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Is. Ulleungdo</collectorName>
,
<collectingRegion id="2C68F81C652EFFB55BE863D7D79C04FC" box="[647,690,1934,1960]" country="Guinea-Bissau" name="Gabu" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">GB</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="EB736025652EFFB55BD263D7D63404FC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:660587E8652EFFA859F86299D1D402DD:EB736025652EFFB55BD263D7D63404FC" box="[701,794,1934,1960]" name="Ulleung" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" stateProvince="Gabu">Ulleung</location>
,
<date id="9A12103E652EFFB55A4A63D7D68804FC" box="[805,934,1934,1960]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" value="2018-07-08">
<collectingDate id="8A56E9D6652EFFB55A4A63D7D68804FC" box="[805,934,1934,1960]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" value="2018-07-08">2018.07.08</collectingDate>
</date>
. (
<collectorName id="43595328652EFFB55AD663D7D13804FC" box="[953,1046,1934,1960]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Kim SS</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652EFFAA59A863E8D6070381" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="529" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652EFFAA59A863E8D6070381" blockId="15.[151,1436,1933,2032]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1436,151,573]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="529" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB559A863E8D46C049F" bold="true" box="[199,322,1969,1995]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652EFFB5582763EBD4F80498" box="[328,470,1970,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Udea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tritalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB5582763EBD4F80498" box="[328,470,1970,1996]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Udea tritalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be diagnosed by the dark grayish forewing with the large snow-man shaped discal dot on the broad central fascia and the grayish hindwing with the dark subtermen.
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652EFFB55D45638FD19604A4" box="[1066,1208,2006,2032]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Udea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tritalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB55D45638FD19604A4" box="[1066,1208,2006,2032]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Udea tritalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is externally similar to
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6531FFAA59DC64CED4C603E5" authority="(Leech, 1889)" baseAuthorityName="Leech" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[179,488,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Udea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="529" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lugubralis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6531FFAA59DC64CED46903E5" box="[179,327,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="529">U. lugubralis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6531FFAA583B64CED4CE03E5" author="Leech, J. H." box="[340,480,151,177]" pageId="16" pageNumber="529" pagination="62 - 71" refId="ref13652" refString="Leech, J. H. (1889) New species of Deltoids and Pyrales from Corea, North China, and Japan. The Entomologist, London, 22 (310), 62 - 71, pls. 2 - 4. [https: // biostor. org / reference / 60935]" type="journal article" year="1889">Leech, 1889</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
in wing pattern elements but can be distinguished by the smaller wingspan, the blackish wings, and the waved subterminal line of the forewing.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756531FFAA59A86487D49D0169" pageId="16" pageNumber="529" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6531FFAA59A86487D49D0169" blockId="16.[151,1436,151,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="529">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6531FFAA59A86487D47703AC" bold="true" box="[199,345,222,248]" pageId="16" pageNumber="529">Description.</emphasis>
Wingspan
<quantity id="29549B1B6531FFAA58BA6486D70E03AD" box="[469,544,223,249]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="16" pageNumber="529" unit="mm" value="22.0">22mm</quantity>
.Antennae filiform; frons broad, dark brown; maxillary palpi minute; labial palpi long in length, about three times to eye diameter, dark brown. Body white. Forewing dark gray in ground color; basal part tinged with dark grayish; antemedial line blackish, slanted, medially strongly incurved; postmedial line blackish, undulating; central fascia broad, tapered from middle to dorsum, a long black snow-man shaped discal dot; subtermen dark gray; subtermen lined with blackish; fringe dark gray. Hindwing grayish in ground color; antemedian with a dark brown lunular short line; subtermen dark grayish.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6531FFAA5AE465CAD11902F8" bold="true" box="[907,1079,402,429]" pageId="16" pageNumber="529">Male genitalia</emphasis>
. Uncus mushroom-shaped with thin slender base and hairy apex; gnathos small rounded process; juxta broad; saccus broad, rounded. Valva long, slender, hairy; costa long, sclerotized, basally thicker, distally tapered; fibula straight, slender process; sacculus weakly sclerotized, basally bent, distally narrowed. Aedeagus long, slender, cornuti long sclerotized plate with a pair of dentate processes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="BAD366766531FFAA59F863C6D15E0488" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786086" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6786086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786086/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="529" startId="16.[151,250,1951,1975]" targetBox="[151,1434,597,1920]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6531FFAA59F863C6D15E0488" blockId="16.[151,1436,1951,2012]" pageId="16" pageNumber="529">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6531FFAA59F863C6D43D04E3" bold="true" box="[151,275,1951,1975]" pageId="16" pageNumber="529">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Male genitalia of the
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6531FFAA589B63F9D74D04EC" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1810" box="[500,611,1952,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="529" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Crambidae</taxonomicName>
from Korea. Scale bar = 1mm (A, C, E, G), 0.5mm (B, D, F, H).
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6531FFAA5C6F63C6D01F04EC" bold="true" box="[1280,1329,1951,1976]" pageId="16" pageNumber="529">A, B</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6531FFAA5C5263F9D4370488" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="529">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6531FFAA5C5263F9D43D0488" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Notarcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="529" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurolinealis">Notarcha aurolinealis</taxonomicName>
;
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6531FFAA5870639AD47E0488" bold="true" box="[287,336,1987,2012]" pageId="16" pageNumber="529">C, D</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6531FFAA5832639DD75C0488" box="[349,626,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="529">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6531FFAA5832639DD7450488" authorityName="Yamanaka" authorityYear="1976" box="[349,619,1988,2012]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Herpetogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="529" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okamotoi">Herpetogramma okamotoi</taxonomicName>
;
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6531FFAA5B17639DD7870488" bold="true" box="[632,681,1988,2012]" pageId="16" pageNumber="529">E, F.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6531FFAA5BDF639DD68F0488" box="[688,929,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="529">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6531FFAA5BDF639DD6B50488" box="[688,923,1988,2012]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Glyphodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="529" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">Glyphodes formosanus</taxonomicName>
;
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6531FFAA5AC8639AD6F20488" bold="true" box="[935,988,1987,2012]" pageId="16" pageNumber="529">G, H</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6531FFAA5A87639DD1420488" box="[1000,1132,1988,2012]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Udea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="529" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tritalis">Udea tritalis</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="BAD366766530FFAB59F863CED69F0480" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786088" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6786088" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786088/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="530" startId="17.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[251,1335,181,1918]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6530FFAB59F863CED69F0480" blockId="17.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="17" pageNumber="530">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6530FFAB59F863CED43D04E4" bold="true" box="[151,275,1943,1968]" pageId="17" pageNumber="530">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Female genitalia of the
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6530FFAB5B6563C1D75704E4" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1810" box="[522,633,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Crambidae</taxonomicName>
from Korea. Scale bar = 1mm.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6530FFAB5AD263CED6E104FB" bold="true" box="[957,975,1943,1967]" pageId="17" pageNumber="530">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6530FFAB5AB363C1D1C504E4" box="[988,1259,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="530">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6530FFAB5AB363C1D1CB04E4" box="[988,1253,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Haritalodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basipunctalis">Haritalodes basipunctalis</taxonomicName>
;
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6530FFAB5D9D63C1D02D04E4" bold="true" box="[1266,1283,1944,1968]" pageId="17" pageNumber="530">B</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6530FFAB5C7F63C1D5EC0487" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="530">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6530FFAB5C7F63C1D5900487" authorityName=": Munroe" authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Nagiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inferior">Nagiella inferior</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6530FFAB59A763E2D5F40487" bold="true" box="[200,218,1979,2003]" pageId="17" pageNumber="530">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6530FFAB598863E5D4E00480" box="[231,462,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="530">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6530FFAB598863E5D4E70480" box="[231,457,1980,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Notarcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurolinealis">Notarcha aurolinealis</taxonomicName>
;
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6530FFAB58BA63E5D72B0480" bold="true" box="[469,517,1980,2004]" pageId="17" pageNumber="530">D, E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6530FFAB5B7E63E5D62F0480" box="[529,769,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="530">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6530FFAB5B7E63E5D7D30480" box="[529,765,1980,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Glyphodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">Glyphodes formosanus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6530FFAB5A6863E5D6380480" bold="true" box="[775,790,1980,2004]" pageId="17" pageNumber="530">F</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6530FFAB5A4C63E5D6830480" box="[803,941,1980,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Mecyna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusei">Mecyna fusei</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756533FFA859A864CFD6A003AD" pageId="18" pageNumber="531" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6533FFA859A864CFD6D403E4" blockId="18.[151,1437,150,393]" box="[199,1018,150,177]" pageId="18" pageNumber="531">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6533FFA859A864CFD44F03E4" bold="true" box="[199,353,150,176]" pageId="18" pageNumber="531">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6533FFA8580864CFD4D903E5" box="[359,503,150,177]" name="South Korea" pageId="18" pageNumber="531">South Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6533FFA85B6D64CED76B03E5" box="[514,581,151,177]" name="Japan" pageId="18" pageNumber="531">Japan</collectingCountry>
, Russian Far East, and northern
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6533FFA85AC064CFD6D803E4" box="[943,1014,150,176]" name="China" pageId="18" pageNumber="531">China</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6533FFA859A864E3D6A003AD" blockId="18.[151,1437,150,393]" pageId="18" pageNumber="531">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6533FFA859A864E3D4A20380" bold="true" box="[199,396,186,212]" pageId="18" pageNumber="531">DNA barcoding.</emphasis>
One specimen from
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6533FFA85BEC64E3D63D0381" box="[643,787,186,213]" name="South Korea" pageId="18" pageNumber="531">South Korea</collectingCountry>
(
<accessionNumber id="F1FFAB1D6533FFA85A4A64E3D68B0381" box="[805,933,186,213]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OK501208" pageId="18" pageNumber="531">OK501208</accessionNumber>
) was sequenced, and the genetic difference between
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6533FFA859946486D44703AC" box="[251,361,222,248]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Udea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tritalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6533FFA859946486D44703AC" box="[251,361,222,248]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="531">U. tritalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and its relative,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6533FFA85B4D6486D62B03AC" authority="(Hubner)" baseAuthorityName="Hubner" box="[546,773,222,248]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Udea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulvalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6533FFA85B4D6486D7B803AC" box="[546,662,222,248]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="531">U. fulvalis</emphasis>
(Hübner)
</taxonomicName>
was 15.6%.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B665756533FFA859A8655BD1D402DD" pageId="18" pageNumber="531" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE6533FFA859A8655BD1D402DD" blockId="18.[151,1437,150,393]" pageId="18" pageNumber="531">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6533FFA859A8655BD4150248" bold="true" box="[199,315,258,284]" pageId="18" pageNumber="531">Remarks.</emphasis>
The genus
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6533FFA858D5655BD4D90248" box="[442,503,258,284]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Udea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6533FFA858D5655BD4D90248" box="[442,503,258,284]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="531">Udea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, one of the species-rich groups of the
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6533FFA85AF2655BD1350248" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1810" box="[925,1051,258,284]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Crambidae</taxonomicName>
, comprises 214 species worldwide and the tribe can be diagnosed by the several synapomorphies: the depth of gap of juxta is 10%–60% of the dorsoventral length of juxta, the strongly sclerotized colliculum anterior of the antrum, the elongate rhombical to ovate signum (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F6533FFA859976537D4EA02DC" author="Mally, R. &amp; Hayden, J. E. &amp; Neinhuis, C. &amp; Jordal, B. H. &amp; Nuss, M." box="[248,452,366,393]" pageId="18" pageNumber="531" pagination="141 - 204" refId="ref13812" refString="Mally, R., Hayden, J. E., Neinhuis, C., Jordal, B. H. &amp; Nuss, M. (2019) The phylogenetic systematics of Spilomelinae and Pyraustinae (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) inferred from DNA and morphology. Arthropod Systematics &amp; Phylogeny, Dresden, 77 (1), 141 - 204. https: // doi. org / 10.26049 / asp 77 - 1 - 2019 - 07" type="journal article" year="2019">
Mally
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6533FFA8582B6536D45B02DC" box="[324,373,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="531">et al</emphasis>
., 2019
</bibRefCitation>
). In
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E6533FFA858986537D7A902DD" box="[503,647,366,393]" name="South Korea" pageId="18" pageNumber="531">South Korea</collectingCountry>
, nine species of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6533FFA85A2F6537D65302DC" box="[832,893,366,392]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Udea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6533FFA85A2F6537D65302DC" box="[832,893,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="531">Udea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are recorded including
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D6533FFA85DE96536D1DD02DC" box="[1158,1267,366,392]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Udea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tritalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC6533FFA85DE96536D1DD02DC" box="[1158,1267,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="531">U. tritalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<paragraph id="EE1336FE652EFFB559F86121D7A206C6" blockId="15.[151,652,1400,1427]" box="[151,652,1400,1427]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
<heading id="B55B8192652EFFB559F86121D7A206C6" bold="true" box="[151,652,1400,1427]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" reason="1">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB559F86121D7A206C6" bold="true" box="[151,652,1400,1427]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652EFFB559816121D4BA06C7" ID-CoL="92Q38" authority="Guenee" authorityName="Guenee" box="[238,404,1400,1427]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Udea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB559816121D40006C7" bold="true" box="[238,302,1400,1427]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Udea</emphasis>
Guenée
</taxonomicName>
in Duponchel, 1845
</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="A6B66575652EFFB559F861E4D65C053A" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652EFFB559F861E4D7450681" blockId="15.[151,1039,1469,1646]" box="[151,619,1469,1493]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
<typeStatus id="3117885C652EFFB559F861E4D5E70681" box="[151,201,1469,1493]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652EFFB5584961E4D7450681" authority="Hubner, 1796" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1796" box="[294,619,1469,1493]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Pyralis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferrugalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB5584961E4D4F40681" box="[294,474,1469,1493]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Pyralis ferrugalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652EFFB5588F61E4D7450681" author="Hubner, J." box="[480,619,1469,1493]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref12768" refString="Hubner, J. ([1796] - 1833) Sammlung europaischer Schmetterlinge. 6. Horde. Die Zunsler; nach der Natur geordnet, beschrieben und vorgestellt (continued by C. Geyer). s. n., Augsburg, pp. [i] - [iv] + [i - ii] + [i - ii] + 1 - 30 + [i - ii] + [i - ii], pls. 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 39974" type="book chapter" year="1796">Hübner, 1796</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652EFFB559F86185D6F206A0" blockId="15.[151,1039,1469,1646]" box="[151,988,1500,1524]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB559F86185D58606A7" box="[151,168,1500,1523]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">=</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652EFFB559C06185D4E006A0" authority="Butler, 1883" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1883" box="[175,462,1500,1524]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Melanomecyna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB559C06185D46406A0" box="[175,330,1500,1524]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Melanomecyna</emphasis>
Butler, 1883
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="3117885C652EFFB558B46185D72606A0" box="[475,520,1500,1524]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652EFFB55B0A6185D6F806A0" authority="Butler, 1883" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1883" box="[613,982,1500,1524]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Melanomecyna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stellata">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB55B0A6185D67F06A0" box="[613,849,1500,1524]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Melanomecyna stellata</emphasis>
Butler, 1883
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652EFFB559F861A2D6E70546" blockId="15.[151,1039,1469,1646]" box="[151,969,1530,1554]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB559F861A2D4330546" box="[151,285,1530,1554]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">= Notophytis</emphasis>
Meyrick, 1932 (
<typeStatus id="3117885C652EFFB558AA61A3D4DC0546" box="[453,498,1530,1554]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652EFFB55B2061A2D6ED0546" authority="Meyrick, 1899" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1899" box="[591,963,1530,1554]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Pyrausta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bryochloris">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB55B2061A2D6080546" box="[591,806,1530,1554]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Pyrausta bryochloris</emphasis>
Meyrick, 1899
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652EFFB559F86243D1210565" blockId="15.[151,1039,1469,1646]" box="[151,1039,1561,1585]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB559F86243D5860565" box="[151,168,1562,1585]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">=</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652EFFB559C06240D4F60565" authority="Meyrick, 1899" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1899" box="[175,472,1561,1585]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Protaulacistis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB559C06240D4120565" box="[175,316,1561,1585]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Protaulacistis</emphasis>
Meyrick, 1899
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="3117885C652EFFB5588A6240D73C0565" box="[485,530,1561,1585]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652EFFB55B006240D1260565" authority="Meyrick, 1899" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1899" box="[623,1032,1561,1585]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Protaulacistis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cataphaea">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB55B006240D6420565" box="[623,876,1561,1585]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Protaulacistis cataphaea</emphasis>
Meyrick, 1899
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652EFFB559F86261D6830504" blockId="15.[151,1039,1469,1646]" box="[151,941,1592,1616]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB559F86261D41F0504" box="[151,305,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">= Protocolletis</emphasis>
Meyrick, 1888 (
<typeStatus id="3117885C652EFFB558B66261D7280504" box="[473,518,1592,1616]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652EFFB55B0C6261D6880504" authority="Butler, 1882" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1882" box="[611,934,1592,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Scopula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="constricta">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB55B0C6261D60E051B" box="[611,800,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Scopula constricta</emphasis>
Butler, 1882
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652EFFB559F8620ED65C053A" blockId="15.[151,1039,1469,1646]" box="[151,882,1622,1646]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB559F8620ED586053A" box="[151,168,1623,1646]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">=</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652EFFB559C0620ED4A3053A" authority="Walker, 1863" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1863" box="[175,397,1622,1646]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Stantira" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB559C0620ED42F053A" box="[175,257,1623,1646]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Stantira</emphasis>
Walker, 1863
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="3117885C652EFFB558F5620FD4E9053A" box="[410,455,1622,1646]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652EFFB55B4B620ED645053A" authority="Walker, 1863" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1863" box="[548,875,1622,1646]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Stantira" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB55B4B620ED7F3053A" box="[548,733,1623,1646]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Stantira variegata</emphasis>
Walker, 1863
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

222
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<mods:title id="2ED9077586B5315714D0772A63060C37">Fourteen new records of Crambidae (Lepidoptera) from South Korea</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="A6B66575652EFFB559F864CED4CB03E5" box="[151,485,151,177]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652EFFB559F864CED4CB03E5" blockId="15.[151,485,151,214]" box="[151,485,151,177]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
<heading id="B55B8192652EFFB559F864CED4CB03E5" bold="true" box="[151,485,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652EFFB559F864CED4CB03E5" authority="(Inoue, 1982)" baseAuthorityName="Inoue" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[151,485,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Mecyna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusei">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB559F864CED4CB03E5" bold="true" box="[151,485,151,177]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB559F864CED41403E5" bold="true" box="[151,314,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Mecyna fusei</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652EFFB5582664CED4F303E5" author="Inoue, H." box="[329,477,151,177]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" pagination="307 - 404" refId="ref13040" refString="Inoue, H. (1982) Pyralidae. In: Inoue, H., Sugi, S., Kuroko, H., Moriuti, S. &amp; Kawabe, A. (Eds.), (Ed.), Moths of Japan. Vols. 1 &amp; 2. Kodansha, Tokyo, pp. 307 - 404 &amp; pp. 223 - 254." type="book chapter" year="1982">Inoue, 1982</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652EFFB559F864E2D4140382" box="[151,314,187,214]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652EFFB559F864E2D4140382" blockId="15.[151,485,151,214]" box="[151,314,187,214]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
(
<figureCitation id="76972A7B652EFFB559F064E2D4260381" box="[159,264,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,401,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-102@3.[151,1436,378,1867]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adults of 14 species newly recorded from Korea. Scale bar=5 mm. A. Paracymoriza distinctalis, B. Pseudocatharylla duplicellus, C. Psammotis orientalis, D. Anania albeoverbascalis, E. Anania stachydalis, F. Ecpyrrhorrhoe rubiginalis, G. Scoparia iwasakii, H. Haritalodes basipunctalis, I. Nagiella inferior, J. Notarcha aurolinealis, K. Herpetogramma okamotoi, L. Glyphodes formosanus, M. Mecyna fusei, and N. Udea tritalis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786073" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786073/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Figs. 1M</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A7B652EFFB5587B64E2D41C0382" box="[276,306,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[251,1335,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[251,1336,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 5. Female genitalia of the Crambidae from Korea. Scale bar = 1mm. A. Haritalodes basipunctalis; B. Nagiella inferior, C. Notarcha aurolinealis; D, E. Glyphodes formosanus, F. Mecyna fusei." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786088" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786088/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">5F</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652EFFB559F86559D7330262" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652EFFB559F86559D7EF024C" blockId="15.[151,705,255,310]" box="[151,705,255,280]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D0652EFFB559F86559D7EF024C" box="[151,705,255,280]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF652EFFB559F86559D4C10243" author="Inoue, H." box="[151,495,255,280]" page="358" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" year="1982">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652EFFB559F86559D4C10243" ID-CoL="7DT4C" authority="Inoue, 1982: 358" authorityName="Inoue" authorityPageNumber="358" authorityYear="1982" box="[151,495,255,280]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Uresiphita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusei">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB559F86559D417024C" box="[151,313,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Uresiphita fusei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652EFFB558506559D4C10243" author="Inoue, H." box="[319,495,255,280]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" pagination="307 - 404" refId="ref13040" refString="Inoue, H. (1982) Pyralidae. In: Inoue, H., Sugi, S., Kuroko, H., Moriuti, S. &amp; Kawabe, A. (Eds.), (Ed.), Moths of Japan. Vols. 1 &amp; 2. Kodansha, Tokyo, pp. 307 - 404 &amp; pp. 223 - 254." type="book chapter" year="1982">Inoue, 1982: 358</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. TL:
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652EFFB55B4B6559D74E0243" box="[548,608,256,279]" name="Japan" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Japan</collectingCountry>
, Honshu.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652EFFB559F86546D7330262" blockId="15.[151,705,255,310]" box="[151,541,286,310]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652EFFB559F86546D4F90262" authority=": Nuss et al., 2003" authorityName="Nuss" authorityYear="2003" box="[151,471,286,310]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Mecyna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusei">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB559F86546D4300262" box="[151,286,286,310]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Mecyna fusei</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652EFFB558446546D4F90262" author="Nuss, M. &amp; Landry, B. &amp; Mally, R. &amp; Vegliante, F. &amp; Trankner, A. &amp; Bauer, F. &amp; Hayden, J. &amp; Segerer, A. &amp; Schouten, R. &amp; Li, H. &amp; Trofimova, T. &amp; Solis, M. A. &amp; De Prins &amp; Speidel, W." box="[299,471,286,310]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" refId="ref14223" refString="Nuss, M., Landry, B., Mally, R., Vegliante, F., Trankner, A., Bauer, F., Hayden, J., Segerer, A., Schouten, R., Li, H., Trofimova, T., Solis, M. A., De Prins J. &amp; Speidel, W. (2003 - 2022) Global Information System on Pyraloidea. Available from: http: // www. pyraloidea. org (accessed 17 February 2022)" type="url" year="2003">
Nuss
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB5580B6546D4BF0262" box="[356,401,286,310]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">et al</emphasis>
., 2003
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
–2021.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="A6B66575652EFFB559F8653DD1E8022B" box="[151,1222,356,383]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652EFFB559F8653DD1E8022B" blockId="15.[151,1437,356,1247]" box="[151,1222,356,383]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB559F8653DD4AF022A" bold="true" box="[151,385,356,382]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CA3652EFFB558E8653CD1EC022B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3828386311" box="[391,1218,356,383]" collectingDate="2011-06-11" collectorName="Kim SS" county="Soobuk-ri" location="Gunwui" municipality="Uihwong-myon" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Gabu">
<specimenCount id="F8AAFD77652EFFB558E8653CD4C5022A" box="[391,491,356,383]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
,
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,
<collectingMunicipality id="0E77AC84652EFFB55B1A653DD607022A" box="[629,809,356,382]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Uihwong-myon</collectingMunicipality>
,
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:
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<date id="9A12103E652EFFB55AA4653DD164022A" box="[971,1098,356,382]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" value="2011-06-11">
<collectingDate id="8A56E9D6652EFFB55AA4653DD164022A" box="[971,1098,356,382]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" value="2011-06-11">2011.06.11</collectingDate>
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. (
<collectorName id="43595328652EFFB55D33653DD194022B" box="[1116,1210,356,383]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Kim SS</collectorName>
)
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652EFFB559A865D1D47E0166" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652EFFB559A865D1D47E0166" blockId="15.[151,1437,356,1247]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB559A865D1D46C02F6" bold="true" box="[199,322,392,418]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652EFFB5582265D0D4CB02F7" box="[333,485,393,419]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Mecyna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusei">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB5582265D0D4CB02F7" box="[333,485,393,419]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Mecyna fusei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be diagnosed by the yellowish forewing with two large rectangular and one rounded markings on the central fascia and the dark brown subtermen, and the yellowish hindwing with the medially projected postmedial line and the dark brown subtermen. Externally,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652EFFB55A856588D1AF02BF" box="[1002,1153,465,491]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Mecyna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusei">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB55A856588D1AF02BF" box="[1002,1153,465,491]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Mecyna fusei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652EFFB55C706588D41A015B" authority="(Butler, 1879)" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1879" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Mecyna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB55C706588D0B302BE" box="[1311,1437,464,490]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">M. gracilis</emphasis>
(Butler, 1879)
</taxonomicName>
in wing color and wing pattern elements, but can be distinguished by the more angled postmedial line of the hindwing.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652EFFB559A86665D10800B6" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652EFFB559A86665D10800B6" blockId="15.[151,1437,356,1247]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB559A86665D4770102" bold="true" box="[199,345,572,598]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Description.</emphasis>
Wingspan
<quantity id="29549B1B652EFFB558B36665D7090103" box="[476,551,572,599]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" unit="mm" value="25.0">25mm</quantity>
. Antennae filiform; frons broad, yellowish white; maxillary palpi minute, tip ochreous; labial palpi long in length, about three times to eye diameter, 1
<superScript id="19D99BB6652EFFB55AA56639D6FB013A" attach="left" box="[970,981,608,622]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">st</superScript>
segment, white, 2
<superScript id="19D99BB6652EFFB55DCE6639D19F013A" attach="left" box="[1185,1201,608,622]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">nd</superScript>
segment tinged with ochreous scales. Body white. Forewing yellowish in ground color; antemedial line dark ochreous, slanted, weakly undulating; postmedial line weakly undulating, medially projected, incurved; central fascia broad, tapered from middle to dorsum, three large brown dots, costally more or less rectangular, medially rounded; subtermen brownish, medially tapered to dorsum. Hindwing yellowish in ground color; antemedian with short, strongly bent dark ochreous line that meets the middle part of the postmedial line; postmedial line dark ochreous, medially projected, incurved; subtermen brownish tapered to dorsum.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB55BA36760D6BC0006" bold="true" box="[716,914,824,851]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Female genitalia</emphasis>
. Papillae anales broad, plate-shaped; posterior apophyses thick, about twice of 8
<superScript id="19D99BB6652EFFB55B646705D736003E" attach="left" box="[523,536,860,874]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">th</superScript>
segment in length; anterior apophyses basally thicker, gradually tapered distally, long as twice as 8
<superScript id="19D99BB6652EFFB5580D67D9D44100DA" attach="left" box="[354,367,896,910]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">th</superScript>
segment; ostium bursae tube-shaped, ventrally with a pair of round plate-shaped lamella antevaginalis; ductus bursae short, posteriorly with colliculum, strongly sclerotized, medially expanded, sclerotized; corpus bursae large ovate, a linear signa band with minute spicules on both sides.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652EFFB559A867B5D640071B" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652EFFB559A867B5D75C0753" blockId="15.[151,1437,356,1247]" box="[199,626,1004,1031]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB559A867B5D44F0752" bold="true" box="[199,353,1004,1030]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652EFFB5580867B5D4DA0753" box="[359,500,1004,1031]" name="South Korea" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">South Korea</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652EFFB55B4467B4D7400753" box="[555,622,1005,1031]" name="Japan" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Japan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652EFFB559A86049D640071B" blockId="15.[151,1437,356,1247]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB559A86049D4A2077E" bold="true" box="[199,396,1040,1066]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">DNA barcoding.</emphasis>
One specimen from
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652EFFB55BEC6049D63D077F" box="[643,787,1040,1067]" name="South Korea" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">South Korea</collectingCountry>
(
<accessionNumber id="F1FFAB1D652EFFB55A4A6049D68A077F" box="[805,932,1040,1067]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OK501205" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">OK501205</accessionNumber>
) was sequenced, and the genetic difference between
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652EFFB55994606CD478071B" box="[251,342,1077,1103]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Mecyna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusei">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB55994606CD478071B" box="[251,342,1077,1103]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">M. fusei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and its relative,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652EFFB55B60606CD7D4071A" authority="(Hubner)" baseAuthorityName="Hubner" box="[527,762,1076,1102]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Pyralis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asinalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB55B60606CD7A2071A" box="[527,652,1076,1102]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">M. asinalis</emphasis>
(Hübner)
</taxonomicName>
was 13%.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652EFFB559A86000D4F4078B" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652EFFB559A86000D4F4078B" blockId="15.[151,1437,356,1247]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB559A86000D4150727" bold="true" box="[199,315,1113,1139]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Remarks.</emphasis>
The genus
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652EFFB558AD6000D7350726" authorityName="Doubleday" authorityYear="1849" box="[450,539,1113,1138]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Mecyna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB558AD6000D7350726" box="[450,539,1113,1138]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Mecyna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comprises 34 species worldwide and the genitalia of this group show one pair of apical cornuti in the male genitalia, and a central granulose area in the corpus bursae and a short, broad, and sclerotized ductus bursae in the female genitalia (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652EFFB55BAB60F9D6BB07EF" author="Mally, R. &amp; Hayden, J. E. &amp; Neinhuis, C. &amp; Jordal, B. H. &amp; Nuss, M." box="[708,917,1184,1211]" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" pagination="141 - 204" refId="ref13812" refString="Mally, R., Hayden, J. E., Neinhuis, C., Jordal, B. H. &amp; Nuss, M. (2019) The phylogenetic systematics of Spilomelinae and Pyraustinae (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) inferred from DNA and morphology. Arthropod Systematics &amp; Phylogeny, Dresden, 77 (1), 141 - 204. https: // doi. org / 10.26049 / asp 77 - 1 - 2019 - 07" type="journal article" year="2019">
Mally
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB55A7E60F8D66C07EE" box="[785,834,1184,1210]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">et al</emphasis>
., 2019
</bibRefCitation>
). In
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652EFFB55AA860F9D17907EF" box="[967,1111,1184,1211]" name="South Korea" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">South Korea</collectingCountry>
, three species of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652EFFB55C7560F8D05D07EE" authorityName="Doubleday" authorityYear="1849" box="[1306,1395,1185,1210]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Mecyna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB55C7560F8D05D07EE" box="[1306,1395,1185,1210]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">Mecyna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are recorded, including
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652EFFB55817609CD4F4078B" box="[376,474,1221,1247]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="528">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652EFFB55817609CD4F8078B" box="[376,470,1221,1247]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Mecyna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusei">M. fusei</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

84
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<paragraph id="EE1336FE652FFFB459F863C4D70B04EC" blockId="14.[151,549,1949,1976]" box="[151,549,1949,1976]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">
<heading id="B55B8192652FFFB459F863C4D70B04EC" bold="true" box="[151,549,1949,1976]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" reason="1">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB459F863C4D70B04EC" bold="true" box="[151,549,1949,1976]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">
Genus
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<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB4598163C7D46004EC" bold="true" box="[238,334,1950,1976]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">Mecyna</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652FFFB4583963C7D70B04EC" author="Doubleday, H." box="[342,549,1950,1976]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" refId="ref11973" refString="Doubleday, H. (1849 [1850]) A synonymic list of British Lepidoptera. J. Van Voorst, London, 14 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 158602" type="book" year="1849">Doubleday, 1849</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="EE1336FE652FFFB459F863BAD77804AE" blockId="14.[151,598,2018,2043]" box="[151,598,2018,2043]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">
<typeStatus id="3117885C652FFFB459F863BAD5E704AF" box="[151,201,2019,2043]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">Type</typeStatus>
species:
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<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB4584963BBD4EB04AE" box="[294,453,2018,2042]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">Pyralis asinalis</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652FFFB459F86592D74B02B1" authority="Shibuya, 1928" authorityName="Shibuya" authorityYear="1928" box="[151,613,459,486]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Glyphodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB459F86592D74B02B1" bold="true" box="[151,613,459,486]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB459F86592D48302B1" bold="true" box="[151,429,459,486]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">Glyphodes formosanus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652FFFB458DB6592D74B02B1" author="Shibuya, J." box="[436,613,459,485]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" pagination="1 - 300" refId="ref14473" refString="Shibuya, J. (1928) The systematic study on the Formosan Pyralidae. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido Imperial University, Sapporo, 22 (1), 1 - 300, pls. 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1928">Shibuya, 1928</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652FFFB459F865B6D495015E" box="[151,443,495,522]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652FFFB459F865B6D495015E" blockId="14.[151,613,459,522]" box="[151,443,495,522]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">
(
<figureCitation id="76972A7B652FFFB459F065B6D5D1015D" box="[159,255,495,521]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,401,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-102@3.[151,1436,378,1867]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adults of 14 species newly recorded from Korea. Scale bar=5 mm. A. Paracymoriza distinctalis, B. Pseudocatharylla duplicellus, C. Psammotis orientalis, D. Anania albeoverbascalis, E. Anania stachydalis, F. Ecpyrrhorrhoe rubiginalis, G. Scoparia iwasakii, H. Haritalodes basipunctalis, I. Nagiella inferior, J. Notarcha aurolinealis, K. Herpetogramma okamotoi, L. Glyphodes formosanus, M. Mecyna fusei, and N. Udea tritalis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786073" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786073/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">Figs. 1L</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A7B652FFFB4586365B6D479015D" box="[268,343,495,521]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1951,1975]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,597,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-205@16.[151,1436,597,1928]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male genitalia of the Crambidae from Korea. Scale bar = 1mm (A, C, E, G), 0.5mm (B, D, F, H). A, B. Notarcha aurolinealis; C, D. Herpetogramma okamotoi; E, F. Glyphodes formosanus; G, H. Udea tritalis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786086/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">4E, 4F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76972A7B652FFFB4580D65B6D49D015E" box="[354,435,495,522]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[251,1335,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[251,1336,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 5. Female genitalia of the Crambidae from Korea. Scale bar = 1mm. A. Haritalodes basipunctalis; B. Nagiella inferior, C. Notarcha aurolinealis; D, E. Glyphodes formosanus, F. Mecyna fusei." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786088" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6786088/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">5D, 5E</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652FFFB459F8666DD751013E" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652FFFB459F8666DD65B011F" blockId="14.[151,885,564,618]" box="[151,885,564,588]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CEBC11D0652FFFB459F8666DD65B011F" box="[151,885,564,588]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">
<treatmentCitation id="6F0D10EF652FFFB459F8666DD7B90118" author="Shibuya, J." box="[151,663,564,588]" page="240" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" year="1928">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652FFFB459F8666DD7B90118" authority="Shibuya, 1928: 240" authorityName="Shibuya" authorityPageNumber="240" authorityYear="1928" box="[151,663,564,588]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Margaronia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pryeri" subSpecies="formosana">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB459F8666DD4E60118" box="[151,456,564,588]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">Margaronia pryeri formosana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652FFFB458A1666DD7B90118" author="Shibuya, J." box="[462,663,564,588]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" pagination="1 - 300" refId="ref14473" refString="Shibuya, J. (1928) The systematic study on the Formosan Pyralidae. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido Imperial University, Sapporo, 22 (1), 1 - 300, pls. 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1928">Shibuya, 1928: 240</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. TL:
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652FFFB45BA3666DD6370118" box="[716,793,564,588]" name="Taiwan" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
, Ranrun.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652FFFB459F8660BD751013E" blockId="14.[151,885,564,618]" box="[151,639,594,618]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652FFFB459F8660BD714013E" authority=": Nuss et al., 2003" authorityName="Nuss" authorityYear="2003" box="[151,570,594,618]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Glyphodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB459F8660BD4AE013E" box="[151,384,594,618]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">Glyphodes formosanus</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652FFFB458E2660AD714013E" author="Nuss, M. &amp; Landry, B. &amp; Mally, R. &amp; Vegliante, F. &amp; Trankner, A. &amp; Bauer, F. &amp; Hayden, J. &amp; Segerer, A. &amp; Schouten, R. &amp; Li, H. &amp; Trofimova, T. &amp; Solis, M. A. &amp; De Prins &amp; Speidel, W." box="[397,570,594,618]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" refId="ref14223" refString="Nuss, M., Landry, B., Mally, R., Vegliante, F., Trankner, A., Bauer, F., Hayden, J., Segerer, A., Schouten, R., Li, H., Trofimova, T., Solis, M. A., De Prins J. &amp; Speidel, W. (2003 - 2022) Global Information System on Pyraloidea. Available from: http: // www. pyraloidea. org (accessed 17 February 2022)" type="url" year="2003">
Nuss
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB458A9660AD4DD013E" box="[454,499,594,618]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">et al</emphasis>
., 2003
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
–2021.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652FFFB459F866C1D17101E7" box="[151,1119,664,691]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652FFFB459F866C1D17101E7" blockId="14.[151,1437,664,1807]" box="[151,1119,664,691]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB459F866C1D4AF01E6" bold="true" box="[151,385,664,690]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5EC43CA3652FFFB458E866C0D17501E7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3828386305" box="[391,1115,664,691]" collectingDate="2020-07-17" collectionCode="CB" collectorName="Chongju &amp; Kim SS" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="F8AAFD77652FFFB458E866C0D4FB01E6" box="[391,469,664,691]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="F8AAFD77652FFFB4588E66C0D76B01E6" box="[481,581,664,691]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, Chongju,
<collectionCode id="88BDAE3B652FFFB45BD066C0D7C601E7" box="[703,744,665,691]" country="Australia" name="The CB Rhizobium Collection" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">CB</collectionCode>
:
<collectorName id="43595328652FFFB45B9C66C1D67801E6" box="[755,854,664,690]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">Chongju</collectorName>
,
<date id="9A12103E652FFFB45A0E66C0D6CC01E7" box="[865,994,665,691]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" value="2020-07-17">
<collectingDate id="8A56E9D6652FFFB45A0E66C0D6CC01E7" box="[865,994,665,691]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" value="2020-07-17">2020.07.17</collectingDate>
</date>
. (
<collectorName id="43595328652FFFB45A9A66C1D17C01E7" box="[1013,1106,664,691]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">Kim SS</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652FFFB459A866E5D61200DE" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652FFFB459A866E5D61200DE" blockId="14.[151,1437,664,1807]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB459A866E5D46C0182" bold="true" box="[199,322,700,726]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652FFFB4582666E5D7620183" box="[329,588,700,727]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Glyphodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB4582666E5D7620183" box="[329,588,700,727]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">Glyphodes formosanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished by the whitish forewing with the bar-shaped, slanted, dark brown antemedial line, the dark brown Y-shaped medial line and subtermen, and the whitish hindwing with dark brown V-shaped medial line with a large dot-shaped discal dot and the dark brown subtermen tinged with blackish scales.
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652FFFB458236771D7600017" box="[332,590,808,835]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Glyphodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB458236771D7600017" box="[332,590,808,835]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">Glyphodes formosanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is externally similar to
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652FFFB45A386770D1610017" authority="Butler, 1879" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1879" box="[855,1103,808,835]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Margaronia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pryeri">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB45A386770D6930016" box="[855,957,809,835]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">G. pryeri</emphasis>
Butler,
<quantity id="29549B1B652FFFB45D786770D1610017" box="[1047,1103,809,835]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.77266" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" unit="in" value="1879.0">1879</quantity>
</taxonomicName>
in wing pattern elements, but can be distinguished by the relatively thin antemedial band and Y-shaped medial line of the forewing, and the large discal dot and the blackish subterminal line of the hindwing.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652FFFB459A867CDD69D06BA" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652FFFB459A867CDD69D06BA" blockId="14.[151,1437,664,1807]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB459A867CDD47700FA" bold="true" box="[199,345,916,942]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">Description.</emphasis>
Wingspan
<quantity id="29549B1B652FFFB458B467CCD70100FB" box="[475,559,917,943]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" unit="mm" value="23.0">23 mm</quantity>
. Antennae filiform; frons broad, yellowish white; maxillary palpi minute, tip whitish; labial palpi moderate in length, about twice to eye diameter, white, 2
<superScript id="19D99BB6652FFFB45A9567E1D1240092" attach="left" box="[1018,1034,952,966]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">nd</superScript>
segment tinged with dark brownish scales. Body white. Forewing light white in ground color; basal part brownish thick slanted band; antemedial line band-shaped, brown with black border, posterior line dorsally extended and almost meet postmedial line; postmedian Y-shaped brown band, left arm relatively thick and with a medial white large dot, right arm tapered from costa to middle; central fascia with an anterior black dot; subtermen brownish with white band, bordered with a black dentate line; termen lined with black; fringe brownish hairs. Hindwing basally whitish, V-shaped brown band on dorsum and postmedian; antemedial with a brown stone-shaped dot; subtermen brownish with a dark brown or blackish thick line and tinged with dark brown scales on costa and dorsum; termen lined with black.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB45DF360ECD069079A" bold="true" box="[1180,1351,1204,1231]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">Male genitalia</emphasis>
. Uncus long, basally and medially thin, distally expanded, apex claw-shaped; gnathos simple; juxta narrow strip-shaped; saccus rounded. Valva broad, distally expanded; costa basally sclerotized, bent, tapered, distally convex, hairy; fibula thin, waved process with a sharp tip; sacculus triangular, distally sharply pointed. Aedeagus stout, about 13 spinular cornuti in different sizes from long to short.
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB45B81611CD69D060A" bold="true" box="[750,947,1348,1375]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">Female genitalia</emphasis>
. Papillae anales small; posterior apophyses thin, about the equal length of 8
<superScript id="19D99BB6652FFFB45B696131D73D0622" attach="left" box="[518,531,1384,1398]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">th</superScript>
segment; anterior apophyses basally thicker, gradually tapered distally, slightly longer than 8
<superScript id="19D99BB6652FFFB4584461D5D41606CE" attach="left" box="[299,312,1420,1434]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">th</superScript>
segment; ostium bursae tube-shaped, ventrally thin, band-shaped sclerotization; ductus bursae long, posterior 1/2 strongly sclerotized, medially with ductus seminalis, anteriorly broader and twisted twice; corpus bursae small ovate, an irregular shape of signa patch with minute spicules.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652FFFB459A861A1D686050F" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652FFFB459A861A1D7F70547" blockId="14.[151,1437,664,1807]" box="[199,729,1528,1555]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB459A861A1D44F0546" bold="true" box="[199,353,1528,1554]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652FFFB4580861A1D4D90547" box="[359,503,1528,1555]" name="South Korea" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">South Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652FFFB45B6D61A1D7790546" box="[514,599,1528,1554]" name="Taiwan" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652FFFB45BFE61A0D7FA0547" box="[657,724,1529,1555]" name="Japan" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">Japan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652FFFB459A86245D686050F" blockId="14.[151,1437,664,1807]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB459A86245D4A20562" bold="true" box="[199,396,1564,1590]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">DNA barcoding.</emphasis>
One specimen from
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652FFFB45BEC6245D63D0563" box="[643,787,1564,1591]" name="South Korea" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">South Korea</collectingCountry>
(
<accessionNumber id="F1FFAB1D652FFFB45A4A6245D68A0563" box="[805,932,1564,1591]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OK501203" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">OK501203</accessionNumber>
) was sequenced, and the genetic difference between
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652FFFB459946218D48F050F" box="[251,417,1601,1627]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Glyphodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB459946218D48F050F" box="[251,417,1601,1627]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">G. formosanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and its relative,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652FFFB45B356218D602050E" authority="Walker" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1859" box="[602,812,1600,1627]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Glyphodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyloalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB45B356218D7FB050E" box="[602,725,1600,1627]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">G. pyloalis</emphasis>
Walker
</taxonomicName>
was 7.2%.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6B66575652FFFB459A8623CD4BD045A" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="EE1336FE652FFFB459A8623CD4BD045A" blockId="14.[151,1437,664,1807]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB459A8623CD415052B" bold="true" box="[199,315,1637,1663]" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">Remarks.</emphasis>
The genus
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB458A6623DD769052A" box="[457,583,1636,1662]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652FFFB458A6623DD76A052A" authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1854" box="[457,580,1636,1662]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Glyphodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glyphodes</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
one of the species-rich groups of the
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652FFFB45D62623DD1A5052A" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1810" box="[1037,1163,1636,1662]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Crambidae</taxonomicName>
, comprises 156 species worldwide and the foodplants of the genus are primarily the latex-containing
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652FFFB45A9A62D0D14D05F7" box="[1013,1123,1673,1699]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Moraceae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652FFFB45DF762D0D4290593" authority="(Mally et al., 2019)" baseAuthorityName="Mally" baseAuthorityYear="2019" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">
Apocynaceae (
<bibRefCitation id="8A3D4B0F652FFFB45C5262D1D5D10593" author="Mally, R. &amp; Hayden, J. E. &amp; Neinhuis, C. &amp; Jordal, B. H. &amp; Nuss, M." pageId="14" pageNumber="527" pagination="141 - 204" refId="ref13812" refString="Mally, R., Hayden, J. E., Neinhuis, C., Jordal, B. H. &amp; Nuss, M. (2019) The phylogenetic systematics of Spilomelinae and Pyraustinae (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) inferred from DNA and morphology. Arthropod Systematics &amp; Phylogeny, Dresden, 77 (1), 141 - 204. https: // doi. org / 10.26049 / asp 77 - 1 - 2019 - 07" type="journal article" year="2019">
Mally
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB45CE762D0D5830592" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">et al</emphasis>
., 2019
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. In
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652FFFB4585F62F4D45D0593" box="[304,371,1709,1735]" name="Japan" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">Japan</collectingCountry>
, many species of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652FFFB45B5662F5D79F0592" authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1854" box="[569,689,1708,1734]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Glyphodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB45B5662F5D79F0592" box="[569,689,1708,1734]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">Glyphodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652FFFB45B9762F4D6CB0592" authority="Leech" authorityName="Leech" box="[760,997,1708,1735]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Glyphodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipunctalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB45B9762F4D6B80592" box="[760,918,1708,1735]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">G. bipunctalis</emphasis>
Leech
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652FFFB45A9F62F4D1F90593" authority="Guenee" authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1854" box="[1008,1239,1708,1735]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Glyphodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bivitralis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB45A9F62F4D1560592" box="[1008,1144,1708,1735]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">G. bivitralis</emphasis>
Guenée
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652FFFB45D8C62F4D0B60592" authority="Butler" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1879" box="[1251,1432,1708,1735]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Margaronia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pryeri">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB45D8C62F4D0670592" box="[1251,1353,1709,1735]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">G. pryeri</emphasis>
Butler
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652FFFB459F86288D44105BE" authority="Walker" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1859" box="[151,367,1744,1771]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Glyphodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyloalis">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB459F86288D43B05BE" box="[151,277,1744,1771]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">G. pyloalis</emphasis>
Walker
</taxonomicName>
) feed on the species of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652FFFB45BE96288D7DA05BF" box="[646,756,1745,1771]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Moraceae</taxonomicName>
(http://www.jpmoth.org). In
<collectingCountry id="96BB766E652FFFB45D2D6289D1FA05BF" box="[1090,1236,1744,1771]" name="South Korea" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">South Korea</collectingCountry>
, seven species of
<taxonomicName id="29AC4D7D652FFFB459F862ADD421045A" authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1854" box="[151,271,1780,1806]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Glyphodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCD8EAEC652FFFB459F862ADD421045A" box="[151,271,1780,1806]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="527">Glyphodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are known.
</paragraph>
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Genus
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<emphasis id="DCD8EAFCFFEFFFCA41D74CAF1E69F858" bold="true" box="[238,373,1940,1966]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Paramoera</emphasis>
Miers, 1875
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</heading>
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: 713.—
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: 331.—
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: 63.
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<bibCitation author="Linnaeus" pagination="510" title="Clusia minor" volumeTitle="Species Plantarum 1" year="1753">
<taxonomicName authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Clusia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="species" species="minor">
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Linnaeus
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<paragraph pageNumber="429">&quot;Habitat in America meridonali.&quot; RCN: 7630.</paragraph>
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<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
(Bittrich &amp; Stevens in
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47: 121. 1998): [icon] Aubriet copy of unpublished Plumier drawing (Ms. No. 6, Bot. Amer., t. VI, &quot;
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&quot;, P) titled &quot;
<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="429">Clusia foliis venosis</emphasis>
&quot; in Plumier, Codex Boerhaavianus (University Library, Groningen).
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<paragraph pageNumber="429">
Current name:
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<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="429">
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L.
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(
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See extensive discussion by Bittrich &amp; Stevens.
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<paragraph id="1B990F27EB0A7FB6BFD15C1A02F9D3DA" pageNumber="356">&quot;Habitat in Aethiopia.&quot; RCN: 5435.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="34A154B8CECDD2508076DB0C3930F823" pageNumber="356">
Replaced synonym of:
<taxonomicName id="8AEA71AA50A2B29058E59174F8E69CE1" authority="L. (1771)" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1771" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Liparia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosa">
<emphasis id="775FAF76FAE73BBAA1FA73360B2CC697" italics="true" pageNumber="356">Liparia villosa</emphasis>
L. (1771)
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="DD324D4B171540091C3C261CFB153231" italics="true" pageNumber="356">nom. illeg.</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="D4D108FEDB5A8AAC439CD0327B2AECB5" pageNumber="356">
<typeStatus id="B224B3198D51CD76C1CA51DE24163BC1">Lectotype</typeStatus>
(Schutte &amp; Van Wyk in
<emphasis id="A0F8D479142F4FC9D9B9BBABBCC796AD" italics="true" pageNumber="356">Taxon</emphasis>
42: 47. 1993): [icon]
<emphasis id="114AE289BB52B4AA529BCA02C4DC1E3A" italics="true" pageNumber="356">
&quot;
<taxonomicName id="C824A0BCE1C38B2662B966AC0C3F46CA" authority=", Africana" authorityName="Africana" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Genista" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Genista, Africana</taxonomicName>
, tomentosa, folio cochleariformi, flore luteo&quot;
</emphasis>
in Seba, Locupl. Rer. Nat. Thes. 1: 38, t. 24, f. 1. 1734.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1CBB2A9E8BC9127B4BC8F2D14F25CEBE" pageNumber="356" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="A60E9E4B80C461E5E48C3FCB2F65F433" pageNumber="356">
Current name:
<taxonomicName id="8134FFECFC99370FDF9B85E83734593C" ID-CoL="9DJCF" authority="(L.) Druce" authorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Priestleya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tomentosa">
<emphasis id="61A72B24A12E4B8530C985888BE6C83C" bold="true" italics="true" pageNumber="356">Priestleya tomentosa</emphasis>
(L.) Druce
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="CC463A231C3BE13287746FBBD080CE85" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="165DDF7AFBA06EEB3D4AB110FAC79550" authorityName="Rudd" authorityYear="1968" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Faboideae">Faboideae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>