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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Living specimens of Plakobranchus noctisstellatus sp. nov. from Koh Tao. A 21 mm (photograph by Pau Urgell Plaza) B 15 mm C, D (paratype) 31 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.969.52941.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/454248" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Figures 6</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Plakobranchus noctisstellatus sp. nov. A dorsal view of the animal B ventral view of the animal, C detail of the eye D last teeth of the ascending series and active teeth E teeth in the ascus F reproductive system. Abbreviations: am - ampulla; bc - bursa copulatrix; hd - hermaphrodite duct; mg - mucus gland; ot - ovotestis, p - penis; s - stylet; vd - vas deferens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.969.52941.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/454249" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">, 7</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. SEM images of radulae of Elysia aowthai sp. nov. and Plakobranchus noctisstellatus sp. nov. A-C Elysia aowthai sp. nov., Koh Tao, Thailand, 15 mm alive A general view of the radula without the ascus B active teeth from the radula with smooth cutting edge C sixth teeth of the descending series with denticulated cutting edge D-F Plakobranchus noctisstellatus sp. nov. Koh Tao, Thailand, 21 mm alive D general view of the radula without the ascus E lateral view of the descending series F detail of the cutting edge of a tooth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.969.52941.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/454252" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">, 10D-F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="06F73A58B886418A2ACE52E003BBAE13" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Living specimens of Plakobranchus noctisstellatus sp. nov. from Koh Tao. A 21 mm (photograph by Pau Urgell Plaza) B 15 mm C, D (paratype) 31 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.969.52941.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/454248" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Figures 6</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="34B8E08EC1C0BB43BB6064F0C0C0033C" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Plakobranchus noctisstellatus sp. nov. A dorsal view of the animal B ventral view of the animal, C detail of the eye D last teeth of the ascending series and active teeth E teeth in the ascus F reproductive system. Abbreviations: am - ampulla; bc - bursa copulatrix; hd - hermaphrodite duct; mg - mucus gland; ot - ovotestis, p - penis; s - stylet; vd - vas deferens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.969.52941.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/454249" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">, 7</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="0754C7326AF3985AC47A6880143FD515" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. SEM images of radulae of Elysia aowthai sp. nov. and Plakobranchus noctisstellatus sp. nov. A-C Elysia aowthai sp. nov., Koh Tao, Thailand, 15 mm alive A general view of the radula without the ascus B active teeth from the radula with smooth cutting edge C sixth teeth of the descending series with denticulated cutting edge D-F Plakobranchus noctisstellatus sp. nov. Koh Tao, Thailand, 21 mm alive D general view of the radula without the ascus E lateral view of the descending series F detail of the cutting edge of a tooth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.969.52941.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/454252" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">, 10D-F</figureCitation>
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|
||||
<subSubSection id="FFFE2EE5CDACBC0100BC2F5510929434" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1A336B908EF6BF639D0964AAC0B2B51C" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7FAB5EBF9B259B784E2B207F262EF62B" authorityName="van Hasselt" authorityYear="1824" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="genus">Plakobranchus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp.:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Coleman, N" journalOrPublisher="Neville Coleman's Underwater Geographic Pty Ltd., Springwood" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B12" refString="Coleman, N, 2008. Nudibranchs Encyclopedia: catalogue of Asia/Indo-Pacific sea slugs. Neville Coleman's Underwater Geographic Pty Ltd., Springwood" title="Nudibranchs Encyclopedia: catalogue of Asia / Indo-Pacific sea slugs." year="2008">Coleman 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0B58DDE1CF55849CD75BF27F93BEB9E7" author="Coleman, N" journalOrPublisher="Neville Coleman's Underwater Geographic Pty Ltd., Springwood" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B12" refString="Coleman, N, 2008. Nudibranchs Encyclopedia: catalogue of Asia/Indo-Pacific sea slugs. Neville Coleman's Underwater Geographic Pty Ltd., Springwood" title="Nudibranchs Encyclopedia: catalogue of Asia / Indo-Pacific sea slugs." year="2008">Coleman 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 89 (Thailand; Gorontalo, Indonesia)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="van Hasselt" authorityYear="1824" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Plakobranchus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F84F9908151E909CB99C9CA0E26D3BDB" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E8276B0A74EE4ACB421828A10970775F" authorityName="van Hasselt" authorityYear="1824" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="genus">Plakobranchus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. 2:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Gosliner, TM" journalOrPublisher=", Gig Harbor, WA" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B19" refString="Gosliner, TM, Behrens, D, Valdes, A, 2008. Indo-Pacific nudibranchs and sea slugs: a field guide to the world's most diverse fauna. Sea Challengers Natural History Books., Gig Harbor, WA" title="Indo-Pacific nudibranchs and sea slugs: a field guide to the world's most diverse fauna. Sea Challengers Natural History Books." year="2008">Gosliner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="8B638F408B424EE30957AB72499E010A" author="Gosliner, TM" journalOrPublisher=", Gig Harbor, WA" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B19" refString="Gosliner, TM, Behrens, D, Valdes, A, 2008. Indo-Pacific nudibranchs and sea slugs: a field guide to the world's most diverse fauna. Sea Challengers Natural History Books., Gig Harbor, WA" title="Indo-Pacific nudibranchs and sea slugs: a field guide to the world's most diverse fauna. Sea Challengers Natural History Books." year="2008">Gosliner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 94 (Vanuatu; Bali, Indonesia);
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Gosliner, TM" journalOrPublisher="New World Publications, Jacksonville" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B20" refString="Gosliner, TM, Valdes, A, Behrens, D, 2015. Nudibranch & sea slug identification - Indo-Pacific. New World Publications, Jacksonville" title="Nudibranch & sea slug identification - Indo-Pacific." year="2015">Gosliner et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1BECE496A70318D24CB6B8218301DC65" author="Gosliner, TM" journalOrPublisher="New World Publications, Jacksonville" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B20" refString="Gosliner, TM, Valdes, A, Behrens, D, 2015. Nudibranch & sea slug identification - Indo-Pacific. New World Publications, Jacksonville" title="Nudibranch & sea slug identification - Indo-Pacific." year="2015">Gosliner et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 98 (Papua New Guinea).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="van Hasselt" authorityYear="1824" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus ocellatus" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ocellatus">Plakobranchus ocellatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="04244BDABDF70A20F380B0B5ABD34644" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0215BA1D8BB22785C212E1A8A09C3A99" authorityName="van Hasselt" authorityYear="1824" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus ocellatus" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">Plakobranchus ocellatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
var. I:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" author="Meyers-Munoz, MA" journalOrPublisher="Cahiers de biologie marine" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B45" refString="Meyers-Munoz, MA, van der Velde, G, van der Meij, SET, Stoffels, BEMW, van Alen, T, Tuti, Y, Hoeksema, BW, 2016. The phylogenetic position of a new species of Plakobranchus from West Papua, Indonesia (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia, Sacoglossa). ZooKeys 594: 98. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" title="The phylogenetic position of a new species of Plakobranchus from West Papua, Indonesia (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia, Sacoglossa). ZooKeys 594: 98." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" year="2016">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Meyers-Muñoz">Meyers-Munoz</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C6885A18B77BF71A181E874360D4110E" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" author="Meyers-Munoz, MA" journalOrPublisher="Cahiers de biologie marine" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B45" refString="Meyers-Munoz, MA, van der Velde, G, van der Meij, SET, Stoffels, BEMW, van Alen, T, Tuti, Y, Hoeksema, BW, 2016. The phylogenetic position of a new species of Plakobranchus from West Papua, Indonesia (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia, Sacoglossa). ZooKeys 594: 98. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" title="The phylogenetic position of a new species of Plakobranchus from West Papua, Indonesia (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia, Sacoglossa). ZooKeys 594: 98." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" year="2016">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="95FCBB1809F907B11D5436DDBF18F3F2" originalValue="Meyers-Muñoz">Meyers-Munoz</normalizedToken>
|
||||
et al. 2016
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 91, Table
|
||||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Distance values within and between clades corresponding to the COI phylogeny of Plakobranchus." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/0C440FF3F186F238613D42DF788862B7" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" tableUuid="0C440FF3F186F238613D42DF788862B7">2</tableCitation>
|
||||
<tableCitation id="E5BBE83EEEE47000BDD4CF059D068272" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Distance values within and between clades corresponding to the COI phylogeny of Plakobranchus." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/0C440FF3F186F238613D42DF788862B7" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" tableUuid="0C440FF3F186F238613D42DF788862B7">2</tableCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="van Hasselt" authorityYear="1824" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus ocellatus" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ocellatus">Plakobranchus cf. ocellatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7C526BE975968CE2431339508C61D248" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E6F7DFFA9D4D3C74569FDD56C6540CB7" authorityName="van Hasselt" authorityYear="1824" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus ocellatus" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">Plakobranchus cf. ocellatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/147/001-048" author="Yonow, N" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde International Journal of Malacology" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B66" refString="Yonow, N, Jensen, KR, 2018. Results of the Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition to Ambon (1990). Part 17. The Cephalaspidea, Anaspidea, Pleurobranchida, and Sacoglossa (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia). Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde International Journal of Malacology 147: 1 - 48, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/147/001-048" title="Results of the Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition to Ambon (1990). Part 17. The Cephalaspidea, Anaspidea, Pleurobranchida, and Sacoglossa (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia)." url="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/147/001-048" volume="147" year="2018">Yonow and Jensen 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6850744FBFB5853EF868D1DA67A9E762" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/147/001-048" author="Yonow, N" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde International Journal of Malacology" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B66" refString="Yonow, N, Jensen, KR, 2018. Results of the Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition to Ambon (1990). Part 17. The Cephalaspidea, Anaspidea, Pleurobranchida, and Sacoglossa (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia). Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde International Journal of Malacology 147: 1 - 48, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/147/001-048" title="Results of the Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition to Ambon (1990). Part 17. The Cephalaspidea, Anaspidea, Pleurobranchida, and Sacoglossa (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia)." url="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/147/001-048" volume="147" year="2018">Yonow and Jensen 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 30 (top of 2nd column), fig. 6E (Bali, Indonesia)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Holotype</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="5AD6D99826B26F7827D3EC5D0A52A1DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E577C131DD2FB6CABE0DB3DF0C40D2D" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="556D081C58E9500F877DA3BFD91FC680" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<emphasis id="57E28CCC436314F2C5D059DDF2C84611" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Holotype</emphasis>
|
||||
: adult, 28 mm long (alive), collected in silty sand at 21 m depth, Sai Nuan,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="4" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="43.24" value="10.078678">10°4'43.24"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="12C5334359B1BAACC8B39626F0BC2D50" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="4" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="43.24" value="10.078678">10°4'43.24"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="48.51" value="99.81348">99°48'48.51"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="3C4F55304BFA6C6B23590266C879EB4A" degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="48.51" value="99.81348">99°48'48.51"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, Koh Tao, Thailand, 06 April 2016, deposited in MNHN (IM-2000- 35324).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Paratype</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4E1630FDDD65519BDD1034C487CCCB6" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Paratype</emphasis>
|
||||
: adult, 31 mm long (alive), collected in silty sand at 18 m depth, Tao Tong,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="3" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="58.13" value="10.066148">10°3'58.13"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="421ADE15A37ED993F2793C3405423F06" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="3" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="58.13" value="10.066148">10°3'58.13"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="4.76" value="99.817986">99°49'4.76"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="8096BB83A5EBE762756AF041FD47156F" degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="4.76" value="99.817986">99°49'4.76"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, Koh Tao, Thailand, 18 March 2017, deposited in MNHN (IM-2000- 35325). Paratype dissected: reproductive system studied, and jaw, radula, and penis mounted for optical microscopy.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Paratype</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="494180BC20276C08DEB5A05C612FD791" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Paratype</emphasis>
|
||||
: adult, 26 mm long (alive), collected in silty sand at 24 m depth, Tao Tong,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="3" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="58.13" value="10.066148">10°3'58.13"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="0F55FC44A0CECB44D4BA6AE8A8950E71" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="3" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="58.13" value="10.066148">10°3'58.13"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="4.76" value="99.817986">99°49'4.76"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="A18016FC298E29BC163927822B62A0FD" degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="4.76" value="99.817986">99°49'4.76"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, Koh Tao, Thailand, 17 February 2020, deposited in RBRG (PkII-NR011).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="supplementary observations">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Supplementary observations.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="32AB0435C828377629F1DBDEF14C25F3" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="supplementary observations">
|
||||
<paragraph id="DE2E16D945CD0F0C3DEB85A5D6F8DDC3" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Supplementary observations.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="FB19B2CE6ADD765718C310324F38F7CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
More than ten individuals, ranging from 10 mm to up to 45 mm, observed in regular diving surveys between 2016 and 2018, Tao Tong
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="3" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="58.13" value="10.066148">10°3'58.13"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="72BD849101997FAEB6B7F367C3AE5D0D" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="3" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="58.13" value="10.066148">10°3'58.13"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="4.76" value="99.817986">99°49'4.76"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="34FD2EEB558FF28272F063BF3B1957CB" degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="4.76" value="99.817986">99°49'4.76"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
; Sai Nuan
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="4" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="45.02" value="10.079172">10°4'45.02"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="4FE0FBD4646ADD14A985588F78115B6A" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="4" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="45.02" value="10.079172">10°4'45.02"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="45.23" value="99.81257">99°48'45.23"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="66AA2AF879EC908068126AAB4BBB695D" degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="45.23" value="99.81257">99°48'45.23"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
; Shark Bay
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="3" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="39.75" value="10.061042">10°3'39.75"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="05E555668DC8C920A5A76D7724347AE6" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="3" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="39.75" value="10.061042">10°3'39.75"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="4.43" value="99.834564">99°50'4.43"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="8E459BFFC75949666552A0A6DD103143" degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="4.43" value="99.834564">99°50'4.43"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
; Koh Tao, Thailand, not collected.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="A7B32B5CC3E872433E1411E3F8B040E6" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A4F0D494E22ACEB610BD624E25C9CE93" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C4C981937C1CC15C5E67EFDB27ACCCF9" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
Length alive up to 45 mm. Body wide, dorsoventrally flattened with wide parapodial flaps folding along dorsal midline. Background colour bright green to dark green, with scarce black spots, and abundant opaque white spots all over. Some white spots with blue hue, others with yellowish tinge. Five or six prominent black spots similar in size and shape to the eyes found laterally on both sides. Tips of rhinophores and tail are electric blue, followed by a black band, not so evident in the tail. Rhinophores long, rolled, extended from lateral edges of the head, curved like bull horns when crawling. Internal parapodial flaps ridges bright green to dark green, with white and electric blue spots. Eyes black, very close to each other, sometimes with a blue hue between them, located in a groove between rhinophores. Oral prominences globose, with a big black patch on each side, and a very fine, undulating black line on the edge of upper lip. Anterior-upper end of the oral prominences green with white spots and the same electric blue as rhinophore tips. Anterior foot corners in preservation blunt. Foot sole the same green as the dorsal surface with several small iridescent light blue spots. A possible transverse foot groove may be present; however, this was not distinct in living specimens and equally as vague upon preservation. Tail truncated. Dorsal region dark green to black, with big opaque white to electric blue spots (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Living specimens of Plakobranchus noctisstellatus sp. nov. from Koh Tao. A 21 mm (photograph by Pau Urgell Plaza) B 15 mm C, D (paratype) 31 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.969.52941.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/454248" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="415DDC0B42EA1DED52ABD93CC498196A" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Living specimens of Plakobranchus noctisstellatus sp. nov. from Koh Tao. A 21 mm (photograph by Pau Urgell Plaza) B 15 mm C, D (paratype) 31 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.969.52941.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/454248" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="Renopericardial" lsidName="Renopericardial" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Renopericardial</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="0B284F3869A9B9BDC1D161E0B6DE57AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="812BD739E7C1B82EAD8DDF2F99B1462C" genus="Renopericardial" lsidName="Renopericardial" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="FA62CFA21193DA2A27F71C1CC05F17A4" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Renopericardial</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
prominence composed of two globose, oval lobes (in preservation). Posterior lobe pointed at the end, with pair of major haemolymph sinuses, both perpendicular to its lateral surface and turning at right angles once in the parapodia. Haemolymph sinuses thick, cord-like, white in preservation, longitudinal, parallel to each other (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Plakobranchus noctisstellatus sp. nov. A dorsal view of the animal B ventral view of the animal, C detail of the eye D last teeth of the ascending series and active teeth E teeth in the ascus F reproductive system. Abbreviations: am - ampulla; bc - bursa copulatrix; hd - hermaphrodite duct; mg - mucus gland; ot - ovotestis, p - penis; s - stylet; vd - vas deferens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.969.52941.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/454249" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">7A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2C535F0943BDBEA1E9CEDC3F0F8CEE31" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Plakobranchus noctisstellatus sp. nov. A dorsal view of the animal B ventral view of the animal, C detail of the eye D last teeth of the ascending series and active teeth E teeth in the ascus F reproductive system. Abbreviations: am - ampulla; bc - bursa copulatrix; hd - hermaphrodite duct; mg - mucus gland; ot - ovotestis, p - penis; s - stylet; vd - vas deferens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.969.52941.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/454249" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">7A</figureCitation>
|
||||
), not joining together at the ends. Most external haemolymph sinuses shorter. Internal surface of parapodia smooth in preservation, except for the haemolymph sinuses that externally seem to run from the renopericardial prominence. Anal opening at the right anterior side of the pericardium (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Plakobranchus noctisstellatus sp. nov. A dorsal view of the animal B ventral view of the animal, C detail of the eye D last teeth of the ascending series and active teeth E teeth in the ascus F reproductive system. Abbreviations: am - ampulla; bc - bursa copulatrix; hd - hermaphrodite duct; mg - mucus gland; ot - ovotestis, p - penis; s - stylet; vd - vas deferens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.969.52941.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/454249" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">7A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="17075442F04BEBFEA7951AF19853293B" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Plakobranchus noctisstellatus sp. nov. A dorsal view of the animal B ventral view of the animal, C detail of the eye D last teeth of the ascending series and active teeth E teeth in the ascus F reproductive system. Abbreviations: am - ampulla; bc - bursa copulatrix; hd - hermaphrodite duct; mg - mucus gland; ot - ovotestis, p - penis; s - stylet; vd - vas deferens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.969.52941.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/454249" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">7A</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.969.52941.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/454249" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mehrotra & Gutiérrez & Scott & Arnold & Monchanin & Chavanich" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Plakobranchus noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="4EF318416DA77F220F1676143FDF68E3" doi="10.3897/zookeys.969.52941.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/454249" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E4BF8DF703B5DB5087257D7EDC091D81" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<emphasis id="32F12C135F1B85BEB37247E62D64AD78" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="95ED6E4D2F206C0CDD2DC9FABC6D2586" authorityName="Mehrotra & Gutiérrez & Scott & Arnold & Monchanin & Chavanich" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DC9B1358F9AAD090D7DA39E332D90D40" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Plakobranchus noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="A604330866CB765080D6D577B81488F5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">A</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal view of the animal
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="FA92C6055F933398AD07FEF248194A27" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">B</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral view of the animal,
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="72CCE774332A6DE81B9E7E58D3B356C8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">C</emphasis>
|
||||
detail of the eye
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="D1B9FC128FA5AAE26E23C62224BA28AF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">D</emphasis>
|
||||
last teeth of the ascending series and active teeth
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="5470828310CD5D6093F117A9AEFD300A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">E</emphasis>
|
||||
teeth in the ascus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="2900C3351E9B7C41FD4FBA5B09A36950" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">F</emphasis>
|
||||
reproductive system. Abbreviations: am - ampulla; bc - bursa copulatrix; hd - hermaphrodite duct; mg - mucus gland; ot - ovotestis, p - penis; s - stylet; vd - vas deferens.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Uniserial radula</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="263BFA506CD74F23541FC0076D68D4DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<emphasis id="29E83497C5DC9FED890A11AE3FDAD2CA" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Uniserial radula</emphasis>
|
||||
(in one 20 mm long specimen) with eight teeth including ghost teeth in ascending row, ten in descending row, 24 in ascus. Teeth triangular, sharp, bearing striations (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. SEM images of radulae of Elysia aowthai sp. nov. and Plakobranchus noctisstellatus sp. nov. A-C Elysia aowthai sp. nov., Koh Tao, Thailand, 15 mm alive A general view of the radula without the ascus B active teeth from the radula with smooth cutting edge C sixth teeth of the descending series with denticulated cutting edge D-F Plakobranchus noctisstellatus sp. nov. Koh Tao, Thailand, 21 mm alive D general view of the radula without the ascus E lateral view of the descending series F detail of the cutting edge of a tooth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.969.52941.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/454252" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">10</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="7D7781CB4984030818691A00C2D78430" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. SEM images of radulae of Elysia aowthai sp. nov. and Plakobranchus noctisstellatus sp. nov. A-C Elysia aowthai sp. nov., Koh Tao, Thailand, 15 mm alive A general view of the radula without the ascus B active teeth from the radula with smooth cutting edge C sixth teeth of the descending series with denticulated cutting edge D-F Plakobranchus noctisstellatus sp. nov. Koh Tao, Thailand, 21 mm alive D general view of the radula without the ascus E lateral view of the descending series F detail of the cutting edge of a tooth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.969.52941.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/454252" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">10</figureCitation>
|
||||
), and with two cutting edges and 12 or 13 strong and blunt denticles on each of them. First teeth in ascending series 65
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C954308CEF86562C4FA2B744A9BD6B14" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
long, 18
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="98ACD727A1D845BC2A2475584CB3BEA0" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
high. Active teeth 60
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="BD372E0A485C67B08018585801D7865D" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
long, 18
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F886992C0E4728A4BA4808FBFC1E43DE" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
high. Last teeth in descending series 50
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="1506F69ADE4974EEF0E90EE00A26CEA0" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
long, 17
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7D3BE5065ECF15AD4FFBF54F84129F9F" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
high. Teeth in the ascus in varied stages of degradation, 25-66
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9D67AA6756E69B4E4319489FCAD404BD" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
long, packed haphazardly (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Plakobranchus noctisstellatus sp. nov. A dorsal view of the animal B ventral view of the animal, C detail of the eye D last teeth of the ascending series and active teeth E teeth in the ascus F reproductive system. Abbreviations: am - ampulla; bc - bursa copulatrix; hd - hermaphrodite duct; mg - mucus gland; ot - ovotestis, p - penis; s - stylet; vd - vas deferens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.969.52941.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/454249" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">7E</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="7BB219368FAD403BD1A73D4139203ADC" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Plakobranchus noctisstellatus sp. nov. A dorsal view of the animal B ventral view of the animal, C detail of the eye D last teeth of the ascending series and active teeth E teeth in the ascus F reproductive system. Abbreviations: am - ampulla; bc - bursa copulatrix; hd - hermaphrodite duct; mg - mucus gland; ot - ovotestis, p - penis; s - stylet; vd - vas deferens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.969.52941.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/454249" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">7E</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Penial bulb</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="21B0D0F3C6E328D69495530540AC446C" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BF7F5814923BCE01C1439B09C375B678" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Penial bulb</emphasis>
|
||||
approximately 1 mm long, below rhinophores, at same level as the eyes, bearing a sharp cuticular stylet. Stylet 280
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4799F8BEE1E7ABB1EDB1410AA14E19C9" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
long, hollow, kinked at the base, with the tip like the tip of a hypodermic syringe. Vas deferens connected to penial bulb, curved and strong; medial part thinner and coiled; proximal part straight, over mucus gland, at the end joins a wider conduct. This conduct connected to mucus gland, then coiled and bifurcated to ampulla and to ovotestis. Bursa copulatrix connected to the underside of the central fertilisation area near by the end of the vas deferens (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Plakobranchus noctisstellatus sp. nov. A dorsal view of the animal B ventral view of the animal, C detail of the eye D last teeth of the ascending series and active teeth E teeth in the ascus F reproductive system. Abbreviations: am - ampulla; bc - bursa copulatrix; hd - hermaphrodite duct; mg - mucus gland; ot - ovotestis, p - penis; s - stylet; vd - vas deferens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.969.52941.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/454249" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">7A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="DBF2A3289A35B13EBA0B67CE3E5C5C0B" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Plakobranchus noctisstellatus sp. nov. A dorsal view of the animal B ventral view of the animal, C detail of the eye D last teeth of the ascending series and active teeth E teeth in the ascus F reproductive system. Abbreviations: am - ampulla; bc - bursa copulatrix; hd - hermaphrodite duct; mg - mucus gland; ot - ovotestis, p - penis; s - stylet; vd - vas deferens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.969.52941.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/454249" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">7A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Ovotestis grape-shaped, composed of spheres filling the parapodia. Spheres variable in diameter, from 350 to 500
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9E4EC6499E92733145071ABA91E4A21C" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
. Mucus gland large, globose (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Plakobranchus noctisstellatus sp. nov. A dorsal view of the animal B ventral view of the animal, C detail of the eye D last teeth of the ascending series and active teeth E teeth in the ascus F reproductive system. Abbreviations: am - ampulla; bc - bursa copulatrix; hd - hermaphrodite duct; mg - mucus gland; ot - ovotestis, p - penis; s - stylet; vd - vas deferens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.969.52941.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/454249" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">7F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="61938EA9ABDF5C9A1CDCA6E80A0A17DD" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Plakobranchus noctisstellatus sp. nov. A dorsal view of the animal B ventral view of the animal, C detail of the eye D last teeth of the ascending series and active teeth E teeth in the ascus F reproductive system. Abbreviations: am - ampulla; bc - bursa copulatrix; hd - hermaphrodite duct; mg - mucus gland; ot - ovotestis, p - penis; s - stylet; vd - vas deferens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.969.52941.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/454249" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">7F</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">All animals were observed year-round at different locations around the island, exclusively in deeper soft sediment habitats at Koh Tao. Animals found either partially buried in or moving across the open silt and sand dominated habitats beyond the fringing coral reefs of the island. Animals found at depths from 15-25 m with no indication of seasonal variation. No observations made shallower than 15 m depth or in the vicinity of coral reef or reef edge habitats. Not observed to be in association with any particular prey algae, nor any other organism in particular, and as such, its prey remains unknown. While multiple individuals have been recorded in close proximity, mating was never observed, nor egg masses identified.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C09205E1C6B88AE28C5802247F8AFC78" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="CEB5044F3869F908E209703841D50C65" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="ED8F55FFA211CE4F34DB23B008759BF8" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">All animals were observed year-round at different locations around the island, exclusively in deeper soft sediment habitats at Koh Tao. Animals found either partially buried in or moving across the open silt and sand dominated habitats beyond the fringing coral reefs of the island. Animals found at depths from 15-25 m with no indication of seasonal variation. No observations made shallower than 15 m depth or in the vicinity of coral reef or reef edge habitats. Not observed to be in association with any particular prey algae, nor any other organism in particular, and as such, its prey remains unknown. While multiple individuals have been recorded in close proximity, mating was never observed, nor egg masses identified.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Derivatio nominis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mehrotra & Gutiérrez & Scott & Arnold & Monchanin & Chavanich" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Plakobranchus noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C5FDBBCB6077BCC8A28C1F363C17FF97" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="76E9707C223AF96BFCF15E88969EAC1E" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Derivatio nominis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F08DD52595834425357034F18643ED5D" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5831A2063216809CF0FD949435AB6900" authorityName="Mehrotra & Gutiérrez & Scott & Arnold & Monchanin & Chavanich" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="69A2CA3204FE297D9937F58AA5C61BF6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Plakobranchus noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the Latin words
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">noctis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="317B9BA242DA59A1EC9AAE0FDFC92D95" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">noctis</emphasis>
|
||||
(night) and
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">stellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="A83E3EAC2830751AE54295136EAA0420" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">stellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
(stellate), in reference to the small iridescent blue and green spots hidden under the dark parapodia that each resemble stars at night.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mehrotra & Gutiérrez & Scott & Arnold & Monchanin & Chavanich" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Plakobranchus noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="5C8A01D6D4C104AFD45E01865BACAAFC" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B8EBBDE85CFC20323D4EC4587B662B6F" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2552BF6300A20E3832B112662C3D8A1D" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4031696FBEC2889838C3D1C9FDA9B1E3" authorityName="Mehrotra & Gutiérrez & Scott & Arnold & Monchanin & Chavanich" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="07F1C7BAA580F226263CEFDFAB6DB05D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Plakobranchus noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov. is known from Thailand and has been recorded under different names in Vanuatu, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Gosliner, TM" journalOrPublisher=", Gig Harbor, WA" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B19" refString="Gosliner, TM, Behrens, D, Valdes, A, 2008. Indo-Pacific nudibranchs and sea slugs: a field guide to the world's most diverse fauna. Sea Challengers Natural History Books., Gig Harbor, WA" title="Indo-Pacific nudibranchs and sea slugs: a field guide to the world's most diverse fauna. Sea Challengers Natural History Books." year="2008">Gosliner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="26C47DE8D24C64A04DAB5DE889244E38" author="Gosliner, TM" journalOrPublisher=", Gig Harbor, WA" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B19" refString="Gosliner, TM, Behrens, D, Valdes, A, 2008. Indo-Pacific nudibranchs and sea slugs: a field guide to the world's most diverse fauna. Sea Challengers Natural History Books., Gig Harbor, WA" title="Indo-Pacific nudibranchs and sea slugs: a field guide to the world's most diverse fauna. Sea Challengers Natural History Books." year="2008">Gosliner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Gosliner, TM" journalOrPublisher="New World Publications, Jacksonville" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B20" refString="Gosliner, TM, Valdes, A, Behrens, D, 2015. Nudibranch & sea slug identification - Indo-Pacific. New World Publications, Jacksonville" title="Nudibranch & sea slug identification - Indo-Pacific." year="2015">2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="913AB5216DC23E399F6F957E56EF2AC1" author="Gosliner, TM" journalOrPublisher="New World Publications, Jacksonville" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B20" refString="Gosliner, TM, Valdes, A, Behrens, D, 2015. Nudibranch & sea slug identification - Indo-Pacific. New World Publications, Jacksonville" title="Nudibranch & sea slug identification - Indo-Pacific." year="2015">2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyers-Munoz & van der Velde" authorityYear="2016" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus papua" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="papua">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Plakobranchus papua</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="63E17E711D2967D199EDCE367EF3780A" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5B91CDE67A9AE7F3329796F4E681BF7C" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8ED64BAE4FA9ED7B0241C78BE333F601" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64185E4D0ED19F8B60F570A90DE60D8D" authorityName="Meyers-Munoz & van der Velde" authorityYear="2016" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus papua" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="papua">
|
||||
<emphasis id="45FE56A3A0C8204DDB5031152BE638AF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Plakobranchus papua</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Meyers-Muñoz">Meyers-Munoz</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9E130D9E542FC93EB98C6E57855F8304" originalValue="Meyers-Muñoz">Meyers-Munoz</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and van der Velde, 2016, was described based on morphological and molecular evidence, distinguishing it from
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B42D26A5EB6C76F57A10356EBF3D20EA" lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6B0EFF85E163390E9AC64B4822111009" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. papua" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="papua">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. papua</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6304D27444609A1806ECB18B6885F33C" lsidName="P. papua" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="papua">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0E64B176EF2B348C93F1D80521AE1468" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. papua</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are characterised by an ochre body with white non-ocellated spots, black rhinophores and tail, and a foot sole without spots. Additionally, the radular teeth of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. papua" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="papua">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. papua</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B35039768E247351934429A38538905F" lsidName="P. papua" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="papua">
|
||||
<emphasis id="AB96BB911441280A4206605630587B9D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. papua</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
were described as more
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘arched’">'arched'</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3AE991975EE25256BD615862AA54AC70" originalValue="‘arched’">'arched'</normalizedToken>
|
||||
than those shown in descriptions provided of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="van Hasselt" authorityYear="1824" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Plakobranchus ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3D06B9BA4C0718E39B790A281CA0BC25" authorityName="van Hasselt" authorityYear="1824" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="990924A4E2D80E57B3A2874F44A9F5A7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Plakobranchus ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">sensu lato.</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="F620027BDBAF7925EA154BF492E0D9B2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">sensu lato.</emphasis>
|
||||
Molecular evidence in this study sheds some light on the external variation of the species (see Discussion).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" author="Meyers-Munoz, MA" journalOrPublisher="Cahiers de biologie marine" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B45" refString="Meyers-Munoz, MA, van der Velde, G, van der Meij, SET, Stoffels, BEMW, van Alen, T, Tuti, Y, Hoeksema, BW, 2016. The phylogenetic position of a new species of Plakobranchus from West Papua, Indonesia (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia, Sacoglossa). ZooKeys 594: 98. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" title="The phylogenetic position of a new species of Plakobranchus from West Papua, Indonesia (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia, Sacoglossa). ZooKeys 594: 98." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" year="2016">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Meyers-Muñoz">Meyers-Munoz</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="AFCF6E2644EF0F99C41DBC7D40BA0490" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" author="Meyers-Munoz, MA" journalOrPublisher="Cahiers de biologie marine" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B45" refString="Meyers-Munoz, MA, van der Velde, G, van der Meij, SET, Stoffels, BEMW, van Alen, T, Tuti, Y, Hoeksema, BW, 2016. The phylogenetic position of a new species of Plakobranchus from West Papua, Indonesia (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia, Sacoglossa). ZooKeys 594: 98. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" title="The phylogenetic position of a new species of Plakobranchus from West Papua, Indonesia (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia, Sacoglossa). ZooKeys 594: 98." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" year="2016">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2A4AAFF792508A7C9E10E11ECE52B2AA" originalValue="Meyers-Muñoz">Meyers-Munoz</normalizedToken>
|
||||
et al. (2016)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
also tackled a visual comparison of multiple
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="van Hasselt" authorityYear="1824" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Plakobranchus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DF366980BFBC54193F71FA2F3AA2A5D4" authorityName="van Hasselt" authorityYear="1824" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="90D65B9D40C304F2CF24D6287B56A94D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Plakobranchus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
varieties that have historically been identified as
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="van Hasselt" authorityYear="1824" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Plakobranchus ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AFB2938ADC1D3098A6C38D51F6AB3B12" authorityName="van Hasselt" authorityYear="1824" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B67B7202411D6259428C5923A6167911" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Plakobranchus ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, including a species almost identical and likely corresponding to
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mehrotra & Gutiérrez & Scott & Arnold & Monchanin & Chavanich" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Plakobranchus noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0CB9433A7BF5DCCA85E083710C5D80E6" authorityName="Mehrotra & Gutiérrez & Scott & Arnold & Monchanin & Chavanich" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7B72B184D0EB8EC3F678B6E6D4BB86B9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Plakobranchus noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov. being referred to as
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="van Hasselt" authorityYear="1824" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Plakobranchus ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F407190A72311C34EE67901EF1CB8C6D" authorityName="van Hasselt" authorityYear="1824" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4E27C75B9C94C6C9B47F57007208797E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Plakobranchus ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
var. I.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" author="Meyers-Munoz, MA" journalOrPublisher="Cahiers de biologie marine" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B45" refString="Meyers-Munoz, MA, van der Velde, G, van der Meij, SET, Stoffels, BEMW, van Alen, T, Tuti, Y, Hoeksema, BW, 2016. The phylogenetic position of a new species of Plakobranchus from West Papua, Indonesia (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia, Sacoglossa). ZooKeys 594: 98. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" title="The phylogenetic position of a new species of Plakobranchus from West Papua, Indonesia (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia, Sacoglossa). ZooKeys 594: 98." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" year="2016">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Meyers-Muñoz">Meyers-Munoz</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E9886733BCF2074741BAAE4B2396226A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" author="Meyers-Munoz, MA" journalOrPublisher="Cahiers de biologie marine" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B45" refString="Meyers-Munoz, MA, van der Velde, G, van der Meij, SET, Stoffels, BEMW, van Alen, T, Tuti, Y, Hoeksema, BW, 2016. The phylogenetic position of a new species of Plakobranchus from West Papua, Indonesia (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia, Sacoglossa). ZooKeys 594: 98. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" title="The phylogenetic position of a new species of Plakobranchus from West Papua, Indonesia (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia, Sacoglossa). ZooKeys 594: 98." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" year="2016">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="DF0DE52E282F2C8C17D9E1EB549F3904" originalValue="Meyers-Muñoz">Meyers-Munoz</normalizedToken>
|
||||
et al. (2016
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, Table
|
||||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Distance values within and between clades corresponding to the COI phylogeny of Plakobranchus." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/0C440FF3F186F238613D42DF788862B7" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" tableUuid="0C440FF3F186F238613D42DF788862B7">2</tableCitation>
|
||||
<tableCitation id="8EFBD804D7EFAE5DCC4D7A5C342D76B7" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Distance values within and between clades corresponding to the COI phylogeny of Plakobranchus." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/0C440FF3F186F238613D42DF788862B7" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" tableUuid="0C440FF3F186F238613D42DF788862B7">2</tableCitation>
|
||||
) also indicate that an illustration of this animal (similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mehrotra & Gutiérrez & Scott & Arnold & Monchanin & Chavanich" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Plakobranchus noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A163A4421D124573EC0EDD34769861B0" authorityName="Mehrotra & Gutiérrez & Scott & Arnold & Monchanin & Chavanich" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B67FACB264642862688C5F8FCB6F107A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Plakobranchus noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov.) may have been provided by Gould (1852: pl. 26, fig. 407a-c, as
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1852" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Placobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Placobranchus ianthobaptus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ianthobaptus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Placobranchus ianthobaptus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6011929E228337919A02D953B84088BE" authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1852" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Placobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Placobranchus ianthobaptus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ianthobaptus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="091334E613F0C9B198D5914D7E428BDE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Placobranchus ianthobaptus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) but
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/147/001-048" author="Yonow, N" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde International Journal of Malacology" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B66" refString="Yonow, N, Jensen, KR, 2018. Results of the Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition to Ambon (1990). Part 17. The Cephalaspidea, Anaspidea, Pleurobranchida, and Sacoglossa (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia). Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde International Journal of Malacology 147: 1 - 48, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/147/001-048" title="Results of the Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition to Ambon (1990). Part 17. The Cephalaspidea, Anaspidea, Pleurobranchida, and Sacoglossa (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia)." url="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/147/001-048" volume="147" year="2018">Yonow and Jensen (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="187ABEA98E3C1D3D2EC944F61F549093" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/147/001-048" author="Yonow, N" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde International Journal of Malacology" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B66" refString="Yonow, N, Jensen, KR, 2018. Results of the Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition to Ambon (1990). Part 17. The Cephalaspidea, Anaspidea, Pleurobranchida, and Sacoglossa (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia). Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde International Journal of Malacology 147: 1 - 48, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/147/001-048" title="Results of the Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition to Ambon (1990). Part 17. The Cephalaspidea, Anaspidea, Pleurobranchida, and Sacoglossa (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia)." url="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/147/001-048" volume="147" year="2018">Yonow and Jensen (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
refuted this and stated that there was no resemblance between the two. We concur, in that
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1852" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Placobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Placobranchus ianthobaptus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ianthobaptus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Placobranchus ianthobaptus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6CA827F0F00FE6B58DF0025E85B407DE" authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1852" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Placobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Placobranchus ianthobaptus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ianthobaptus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="60804075B3CAD6BFDB1B2578C64DA0B6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Placobranchus ianthobaptus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can in fact be distinguished externally from
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B757518B42C3B33DF1B027D381B2EBD3" lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="011999F2686B3486A5F57D1C40CFE540" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov. by its pale brown dorsal ground colour.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mehrotra & Gutiérrez & Scott & Arnold & Monchanin & Chavanich" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Plakobranchus noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F608D4D4160A067D3AC601E67C2DAEFC" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="297F79058AC29CD466DD6D135FB4FDBF" authorityName="Mehrotra & Gutiérrez & Scott & Arnold & Monchanin & Chavanich" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="653A1D799850B175E0680198AC3C3F99" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Plakobranchus noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov. is easily distinguished both externally and internally from both
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. papua" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="papua">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. papua</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="54C281B730539E9EFF837471100A919F" lsidName="P. papua" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="papua">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B5816AC1ED3912641D1712A1C0D3AD96" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. papua</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3CB64BE1CE0A4545AD26F761E6F60203" lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DBFB872F17F0BC359837FDA46B5EFCE1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Externally
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4DC6584F8B11C9CD8D8C6F44014B38A5" lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4F7F01E0699408CDF34CB644F310DF79" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov. is most easily separated from its congeners and the variants of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="36E1A59471DC31BD5FE7E5A55EEE56F7" lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="39648ACED7BAD969357C8F38FE476580" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by its vibrant green ground colour and electric blue rhinophores and tail, and notably the dense collections of white and electric blue spots under the parapodial flaps. The presence of non-ocellated black spots, prominent laterally, and iridescent blue spots on the green foot sole also make separation between species easy. The present study suggests that rhinophore colouration in
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. papua" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="papua">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. papua</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D62A63D47929F0FB4AA3DAA139F05BA0" lsidName="P. papua" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="papua">
|
||||
<emphasis id="85F25F552F267F35311DA579EF6F9577" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. papua</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
may vary from black (as described) to deep purple with white tips such as those from Koh Tao; however, this variation remains distinct from the electric blue tips and black band found in
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="66AB5588360880A7F23FA85296B20CF4" lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="15D3C3C1CF96F8E81A44286A5AE6A974" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov. While little information on rhinophore colouration was provided for
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6F065D52B6D86AF26118E3398D0AA86E" lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="908309DA707F055BCE5FFF0115D9715F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
upon description, the original illustrations of the species by van Hasselt (1824) do show rhinophores that are entirely white or cream, much like specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="van Hasselt" authorityYear="1824" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Plakobranchus ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F128B8BC07484BFA403F37A6CA5FD72C" authorityName="van Hasselt" authorityYear="1824" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="57C8A4666ECD8B284CC049F55E2B5A2E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Plakobranchus ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from Koh Tao. The range in rhinophore colouration of different morphs and synonyms of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5AFD680CDD5E47A5E14B4426CCD36768" lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1C1DC7BB23ADD53FE03342E29B579A19" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
vary from white to purple tips or bands and black lines along rhinophore edges, all of which differ from
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B81D4308EF7774769928F0E9575E4AF1" lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="922A1745C4442483798CF877384C01D8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov. While
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stimpson" authorityYear="1855" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Placobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Placobranchus guttatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="guttatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Placobranchus guttatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A4823ABF7347BB6EEBECC42F9EF35AA6" authorityName="Stimpson" authorityYear="1855" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Placobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Placobranchus guttatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="guttatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C930E0124A7D1662BB3E67A21656F2DE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Placobranchus guttatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Stimpson, 1855 was described as bearing a very similar dorsal colour of dark olive, the species was also described as having green ocellated spots with white rings, which are absent from
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8038485845DBACE109A9B3B1B0A15EF1" lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A2816059E6BF607135EA71B318FDFA8F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E9EF9C087ABA610655F02F8D4AE6927E" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
The reproductive system of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DC66841D8FA871542960D5DF874143D6" lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="641088DA3CA0CA531C3CF30790B8DD3F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is distinguished from that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="167D5A5DEDF845070884AAE4A4E75BD0" lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="575305F31F5FC54FE6243F1B92E62A79" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov. by having two bursae copulatrix, a bilobed mucus gland (not rounded), and much smaller ovotestis (follicles). Compared to that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. papua" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="papua">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. papua</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="90DF7564A00975CDF515117059B24817" lsidName="P. papua" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="papua">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4672ABC7CB403343324D268B6B5C4284" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. papua</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the reproductive system of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B410818807A0C588F9E2B97847957BD5" lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3AB7EBB6FED2365994EACF1478F2E4B2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov. shows a smaller stylet and much larger acorn-shaped penial bulb, lacking the groove observed in
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. papua" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="papua">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. papua</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="71768621F78DDD6D80EF07A08AFAC946" lsidName="P. papua" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="papua">
|
||||
<emphasis id="52FB8C274F039B54FD40B802C8457544" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. papua</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; a curved vas deferens that rapidly decreases in thickness to become convoluted and connects to the ovotestis, the bursa copulatrix and the ampulla, that
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" author="Meyers-Munoz, MA" journalOrPublisher="Cahiers de biologie marine" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B45" refString="Meyers-Munoz, MA, van der Velde, G, van der Meij, SET, Stoffels, BEMW, van Alen, T, Tuti, Y, Hoeksema, BW, 2016. The phylogenetic position of a new species of Plakobranchus from West Papua, Indonesia (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia, Sacoglossa). ZooKeys 594: 98. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" title="The phylogenetic position of a new species of Plakobranchus from West Papua, Indonesia (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia, Sacoglossa). ZooKeys 594: 98." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" year="2016">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Meyers-Muñoz">Meyers-Munoz</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="FD562553C52BEC64987CF9924FD923E1" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" author="Meyers-Munoz, MA" journalOrPublisher="Cahiers de biologie marine" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B45" refString="Meyers-Munoz, MA, van der Velde, G, van der Meij, SET, Stoffels, BEMW, van Alen, T, Tuti, Y, Hoeksema, BW, 2016. The phylogenetic position of a new species of Plakobranchus from West Papua, Indonesia (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia, Sacoglossa). ZooKeys 594: 98. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" title="The phylogenetic position of a new species of Plakobranchus from West Papua, Indonesia (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia, Sacoglossa). ZooKeys 594: 98." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" year="2016">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F09EE2ABBE7ADBF3C1199832084392C1" originalValue="Meyers-Muñoz">Meyers-Munoz</normalizedToken>
|
||||
et al. (2016)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
identify as a second bursa copulatrix; the ovotestis, which
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" author="Meyers-Munoz, MA" journalOrPublisher="Cahiers de biologie marine" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B45" refString="Meyers-Munoz, MA, van der Velde, G, van der Meij, SET, Stoffels, BEMW, van Alen, T, Tuti, Y, Hoeksema, BW, 2016. The phylogenetic position of a new species of Plakobranchus from West Papua, Indonesia (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia, Sacoglossa). ZooKeys 594: 98. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" title="The phylogenetic position of a new species of Plakobranchus from West Papua, Indonesia (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia, Sacoglossa). ZooKeys 594: 98." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" year="2016">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Meyers-Muñoz">Meyers-Munoz</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="414971914FEE2224FE8117E099241D73" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" author="Meyers-Munoz, MA" journalOrPublisher="Cahiers de biologie marine" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B45" refString="Meyers-Munoz, MA, van der Velde, G, van der Meij, SET, Stoffels, BEMW, van Alen, T, Tuti, Y, Hoeksema, BW, 2016. The phylogenetic position of a new species of Plakobranchus from West Papua, Indonesia (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia, Sacoglossa). ZooKeys 594: 98. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" title="The phylogenetic position of a new species of Plakobranchus from West Papua, Indonesia (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia, Sacoglossa). ZooKeys 594: 98." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.5954" year="2016">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="232800A95F484FC3ECA1315E219FACAA" originalValue="Meyers-Muñoz">Meyers-Munoz</normalizedToken>
|
||||
et al. (2016)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
call follicles are much larger in
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3DFB3A6BF714CC22CE47DFED5852CCA2" lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="AD0B902E948D282A7164819BBF34CE0E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<paragraph id="609C9424E181055C1FEE767A64BB5159" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
The number of radular teeth seen in
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6E106398E1C952DED9CDCBD56B355CAA" lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="60B0B2731B817EFFB95A8AC7346E96BD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
appears similar to those of its congeners with eight in the ascending limb (eight in
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. papua" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="papua">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. papua</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="321A2B53ACFE3F8777209A86B8C65F6A" lsidName="P. papua" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="papua">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4986356E5790F03A1A535E729927C139" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. papua</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and 7-11 in
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BDF2E5A5C2AD9F7C327D27AAB96DA14F" lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="93DB77E7A96CA0FD6F04774589EB3674" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">s. l.</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="51008C847B1724325FAF63C9811A423A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">s. l.</emphasis>
|
||||
) and ten in the descending limb (seven in
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. papua" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="papua">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. papua</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="41686D193AEBBBDE7CFFD7548B4C22EC" lsidName="P. papua" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="papua">
|
||||
<emphasis id="50573AB5CF4C49E6CBE1567C463AFB21" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. papua</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and 7-9 in
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="53C0933F164C6036F908B66F7852BF72" lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2673C23684C35D7E371F60A837F1A0ED" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">s. l.</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="7C8C3B33D76C0662B5AC80B7322A2B77" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">s. l.</emphasis>
|
||||
). The number of denticles per radular tooth seen in
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3AF5826712CF4AA820B1A30D66D99164" lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="66968788174344988CC9D2CB16DB3F51" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov. (12 or 13) fits within the range of species described thus far (10-14 in
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. papua" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="papua">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. papua</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="53A970E01F4EF204667C90ACDF613359" lsidName="P. papua" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="papua">
|
||||
<emphasis id="56C23A1FB9AD54CA052BFB05A0BA241C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. papua</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and 10-13 in
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BCBE743C6E75733CE3C70F0326BD7E03" lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="02767796DA095DEE99FE66089F1064BD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">s. l.</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="9129F6ECABB93495830A57BDC2A99B2D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">s. l.</emphasis>
|
||||
); however, the overall shape of the teeth appears to show some variation among the species. The teeth of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="79674F39D2E3D27F254DDBC1A7ECA440" lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7A493D4038979799A192C5474014C08C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov. have striations and are more curved than those of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. papua" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="papua">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. papua</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="42E58032E37C4547F34E94D5A9820B20" lsidName="P. papua" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="papua">
|
||||
<emphasis id="AEFDF3F3EE654000ED0F9D49C4DA075C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. papua</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which in turn was described to have teeth that appeared to be more arched than those of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4F8EA6A643456BA3CE3F72F4F289581A" lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B25C96ED476D5E4D5EFA8D5919751119" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10280" author="Bergh, R" journalOrPublisher="Journal des Museum Godeffroy" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination="65 - 96" refId="B6" refString="Bergh, R, 1873. Neue Nacktschnecken der Suedsee, malacologische Untersuchungen. Journal des Museum Godeffroy 1: 65 - 96, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10280" title="Neue Nacktschnecken der Suedsee, malacologische Untersuchungen." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10280" volume="1" year="1873">Bergh (1873)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="27EBC79EB9A1A3A9F3E99F339ADF489B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10280" author="Bergh, R" journalOrPublisher="Journal des Museum Godeffroy" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination="65 - 96" refId="B6" refString="Bergh, R, 1873. Neue Nacktschnecken der Suedsee, malacologische Untersuchungen. Journal des Museum Godeffroy 1: 65 - 96, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10280" title="Neue Nacktschnecken der Suedsee, malacologische Untersuchungen." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10280" volume="1" year="1873">Bergh (1873)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Jensen, KR" journalOrPublisher="Vestjydsk Forlag, Copenhagen" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B29" refString="Jensen, KR, 1997. Sacoglossernes systematik, fylogeni og evolution (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia). (Systematics, phylogeny and evolution of the Sacoglossa (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia). Vestjydsk Forlag, Copenhagen" title="Sacoglossernes systematik, fylogeni og evolution (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia). (Systematics, phylogeny and evolution of the Sacoglossa (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia)." year="1997">Jensen (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E9553B5C59F29674D62711E0369FF12A" author="Jensen, KR" journalOrPublisher="Vestjydsk Forlag, Copenhagen" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B29" refString="Jensen, KR, 1997. Sacoglossernes systematik, fylogeni og evolution (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia). (Systematics, phylogeny and evolution of the Sacoglossa (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia). Vestjydsk Forlag, Copenhagen" title="Sacoglossernes systematik, fylogeni og evolution (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia). (Systematics, phylogeny and evolution of the Sacoglossa (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia)." year="1997">Jensen (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. Additionally, the denticles seen in the SEM image of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="54E4368C96D9703B7BB7FF308BC28676" lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C0E503C212BECC37696064ED5E1EE3B7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/58.3.257" author="Jensen, KR" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Molluscan Studies" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination="257 - 296" refId="B27" refString="Jensen, KR, 1992. Anatomy of some Indo-Pacific Elysiidae (Opisthobranchia: Sacoglossa (= Ascoglossa)), with a discussion of the generic division and phylogeny. Journal of Molluscan Studies 58: 257 - 296, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/58.3.257" title="Anatomy of some Indo-Pacific Elysiidae (Opisthobranchia: Sacoglossa (= Ascoglossa )), with a discussion of the generic division and phylogeny." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/58.3.257" volume="58" year="1992">Jensen (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="23C1799F4F039EC3FD193A39E490F784" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/58.3.257" author="Jensen, KR" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Molluscan Studies" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination="257 - 296" refId="B27" refString="Jensen, KR, 1992. Anatomy of some Indo-Pacific Elysiidae (Opisthobranchia: Sacoglossa (= Ascoglossa)), with a discussion of the generic division and phylogeny. Journal of Molluscan Studies 58: 257 - 296, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/58.3.257" title="Anatomy of some Indo-Pacific Elysiidae (Opisthobranchia: Sacoglossa (= Ascoglossa )), with a discussion of the generic division and phylogeny." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/58.3.257" volume="58" year="1992">Jensen (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
are more prominent and proportionally larger than those seen in
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="05DD4AD925432DE5755784D053B6483C" lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1177825406F884E7AE459FCC2B1D11AE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov., which seem to be more uniform and regular in appearance. It should be noted that van Hasselt (1824) provided no information on the radula of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="10133315B40C98D11725616058AC52E0" lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1B9C8D5F49C3AAA8BCF2BA56792B4597" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the original description. Additionally, there appears to be significant plasticity in radular morphology based on diet in numerous species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="order">Sacoglossa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4E3744D5D607F90F4142742C1B2B55F5" lsidName="" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="order">Sacoglossa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1993.tb00883.x" author="Jensen, KR" journalOrPublisher="Biological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination="135 - 155" refId="B28" refString="Jensen, KR, 1993. Morphological adaptations and plasticity of radular teeth of the Sacoglossa (= Ascoglossa) (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia) in relation to their food plants. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 48: 135 - 155, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1993.tb00883.x" title="Morphological adaptations and plasticity of radular teeth of the Sacoglossa (= Ascoglossa) (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia) in relation to their food plants." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1993.tb00883.x" volume="48" year="1993">Jensen 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B91CEABE123E41F7F180F0B9DD8B0178" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1993.tb00883.x" author="Jensen, KR" journalOrPublisher="Biological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination="135 - 155" refId="B28" refString="Jensen, KR, 1993. Morphological adaptations and plasticity of radular teeth of the Sacoglossa (= Ascoglossa) (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia) in relation to their food plants. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 48: 135 - 155, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1993.tb00883.x" title="Morphological adaptations and plasticity of radular teeth of the Sacoglossa (= Ascoglossa) (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia) in relation to their food plants." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1993.tb00883.x" volume="48" year="1993">Jensen 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), but conclusive evidence pertaining to the diet of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B0FFC49D6F85B3EF614038F9251BBB6D" lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7D270A62F1B8415387007150EBD23B85" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov. could not be obtained and thus requires further investigation. At Koh Tao, there are significant differences in the ecology of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A9789A6BAE332E7ADD90E45A9318EE3E" lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B29843176FD8AC1802AD1B553AA51E34" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
when compared to
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. papua" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="papua">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. papua</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8CE055C44E7D43559082088D1BC005FA" lsidName="P. papua" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="papua">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7F3130F77DC01F9A3E91B03F4089DA55" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. papua</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1321E50CCA8AE1BBDE25D21CDB94BE44" lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8BCF0BB167FB99FD824CCC04B9C85DFF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. While the former exists exclusively in the deeper soft sediment habitats of the island, the latter species are mostly observed among coral reefs and reef flats closer to shore and the soft sediments therein.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
<paragraph id="02D68F2188A79692DE6F9FABCC7FE22B" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||||
Many of these points and observations were also made in the most recent documentation of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8F447B644E524A5D6639D5A96714FF23" lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2AC73F91BC7A2F909555087F595A6084" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov. (as
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="van Hasselt" authorityYear="1824" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Plakobranchus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="083E52DF18C97E36CBD6DB0C76A4B9BE" authorityName="van Hasselt" authorityYear="1824" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Plakobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plakobranchus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="ADEDDC8E89A9C07BC1D0ABCE638012A8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Plakobranchus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp.), where
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/147/001-048" author="Yonow, N" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde International Journal of Malacology" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B66" refString="Yonow, N, Jensen, KR, 2018. Results of the Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition to Ambon (1990). Part 17. The Cephalaspidea, Anaspidea, Pleurobranchida, and Sacoglossa (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia). Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde International Journal of Malacology 147: 1 - 48, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/147/001-048" title="Results of the Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition to Ambon (1990). Part 17. The Cephalaspidea, Anaspidea, Pleurobranchida, and Sacoglossa (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia)." url="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/147/001-048" volume="147" year="2018">Yonow and Jensen (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="069CF02B90AFED8D5ADE7792C3C0A42C" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/147/001-048" author="Yonow, N" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde International Journal of Malacology" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B66" refString="Yonow, N, Jensen, KR, 2018. Results of the Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition to Ambon (1990). Part 17. The Cephalaspidea, Anaspidea, Pleurobranchida, and Sacoglossa (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia). Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde International Journal of Malacology 147: 1 - 48, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/147/001-048" title="Results of the Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition to Ambon (1990). Part 17. The Cephalaspidea, Anaspidea, Pleurobranchida, and Sacoglossa (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia)." url="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/147/001-048" volume="147" year="2018">Yonow and Jensen (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
also provided a tabulation comparing the morphology of all species thus far synonymised with
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E5669356B71ECE0111B62D84E3CFF161" lsidName="P. ocellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="78327740D6F56205EF4AAF69467B0AD7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Including their sightings, most observations recorded for specimens most likely being
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="57913AEAC16FDE11F7A3172625D5E98C" lsidName="P. noctisstellatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="noctisstellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5DAA9FE445FAFCAF5D79519FDC2E2830" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">P. noctisstellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov. are from Indonesia, with
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Gosliner, TM" journalOrPublisher=", Gig Harbor, WA" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B19" refString="Gosliner, TM, Behrens, D, Valdes, A, 2008. Indo-Pacific nudibranchs and sea slugs: a field guide to the world's most diverse fauna. Sea Challengers Natural History Books., Gig Harbor, WA" title="Indo-Pacific nudibranchs and sea slugs: a field guide to the world's most diverse fauna. Sea Challengers Natural History Books." year="2008">Gosliner et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="82D199CDFB580A0DA52D905CF4487082" author="Gosliner, TM" journalOrPublisher=", Gig Harbor, WA" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B19" refString="Gosliner, TM, Behrens, D, Valdes, A, 2008. Indo-Pacific nudibranchs and sea slugs: a field guide to the world's most diverse fauna. Sea Challengers Natural History Books., Gig Harbor, WA" title="Indo-Pacific nudibranchs and sea slugs: a field guide to the world's most diverse fauna. Sea Challengers Natural History Books." year="2008">Gosliner et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
also recording the species from Vanuatu; therefore, specimens from the Gulf of Thailand represent the western-most range of the species so far.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
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