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<mods:title>Lytopylus Foerster (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Agathidinae) species from Costa Rica, with an emphasis on specimens reared from caterpillars in Area de Conservacion Guanacaste</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="9B39E9E3A783FB28483765B9F848983E">Lytopylus Foerster (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Agathidinae) species from Costa Rica, with an emphasis on specimens reared from caterpillars in Area de Conservacion Guanacaste</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Sharkey, Michael J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Clutts, Stephanie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Tucker, Erika M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Janzen, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Hallwachs, Winnie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Dapkey, Tanya</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Smith, M. Alex</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number>130</mods:number>
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<mods:date id="BAD1C50CBD083390750961B998C88A48">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="02F965EC1995E9F254DD52B2F56C7435">130</mods:number>
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<mods:start>379</mods:start>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152030964" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D23EE5BE-6C35-4348-B9F3-E8E815FC0868" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/66AC83DAE2248F2687233ABDEDBEC5E4" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="397" pageId="17" pageNumber="396">
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="396" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="396">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D23EE5BE-6C35-4348-B9F3-E8E815FC0868" authority="Sharkey" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Lytopylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Metazoa" lsidName="Lytopylus robpringlei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robpringlei">Lytopylus robpringlei Sharkey</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="17" pageNumber="396">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
<treatment id="66AC83DAE2248F2687233ABDEDBEC5E4" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152030964" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D23EE5BE-6C35-4348-B9F3-E8E815FC0868" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/66AC83DAE2248F2687233ABDEDBEC5E4" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="397" pageId="17" pageNumber="396" scope_family="Braconidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera">
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<subSubSection id="36F83CEE6940EC86CFA41FB525C19C25" pageId="17" pageNumber="396" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D38F06BD8D84EC2961A7B2FB1139F06A" pageId="17" pageNumber="396">
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<taxonomicName id="80EAB14F5A9399F1CF1CB17E15471C63" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D23EE5BE-6C35-4348-B9F3-E8E815FC0868" authority="Sharkey" genus="Lytopylus" lsidName="Lytopylus robpringlei" pageId="17" pageNumber="396" rank="species" species="robpringlei">Lytopylus robpringlei Sharkey</taxonomicName>
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||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0B2E00A798B66B40A52BA963ACB99B3F" pageId="17" pageNumber="396">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
Figs 2526
|
||||
</paragraph>
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||||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="397" pageId="17" pageNumber="396" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="396">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="397" pageId="17" pageNumber="396">
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<subSubSection id="A194C91C61B157B2AB4C7CB9AD2EC450" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="397" pageId="17" pageNumber="396" type="description">
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<paragraph id="33F0051A74E2042CCCBD509623522973" pageId="17" pageNumber="396">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6903867426A1E303E700D4655AF1ED74" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="397" pageId="17" pageNumber="396">
|
||||
Body length 7.5 mm sole female (5.8 - 7.2 males). Ovipositor length 5.8 mm. Gena rounded or with an obtuse angle posterolaterally. Longitudinal groov
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="397" start="start">e</pageBreakToken>
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||||
<pageBreakToken id="2F5F032F492CA66B56AF0514B23F6255" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" start="start">e</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
on interantennal prominence present. Protuberances on occiput absent. Propodeum with carinae forming areolae, median areola not rounded anteriorly. Notauli well-impressed, smooth without crenulae, or with one or two crenulae restricted to extreme anterior apex along border of mesoscutum. Posterior margin of syntergum 2+3 straight. Median syntergite 2 + 3 varying from entirely striate except for smooth apex to smooth with longitudinal striae restricted to the transverse grooves. Forewing mostly or entirely infuscate. Color as in Figs 25, 26. Color variation: Mesoscutal lobes slightly melanic in one male specimen otherwise color consistent across the four examined specimens.
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||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="18" pageNumber="397">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="397">
|
||||
<caption id="6F93C59216114DDB2781FF97C4BAB5B8" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">
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||||
<paragraph id="DB47C44C8FD188BC8BBEA9F760CAC91E" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">
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||||
Figure 25.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Lytopylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Metazoa" lsidName="Lytopylus robpringlei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robpringlei">Lytopylus robpringlei</taxonomicName>
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||||
<taxonomicName id="FE4C4FB2D0BC6B73602EFFF05D11D2F0" genus="Lytopylus" lsidName="Lytopylus robpringlei" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" rank="species" species="robpringlei">Lytopylus robpringlei</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. Holotype a lateral habitus b dorsal habitus c wings.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
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||||
<caption pageId="18" pageNumber="397">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="397">
|
||||
<caption id="F6A4C106FBF3B3B9C1771032A26EA56F" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">
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<paragraph id="7879D8E0C5AC194BF7EEF724FFB6B862" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">
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||||
Figure 26.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Lytopylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Metazoa" lsidName="Lytopylus robpringlei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robpringlei">Lytopylus robpringlei</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="030AB99DC7A267ED3EE364489C2052AB" genus="Lytopylus" lsidName="Lytopylus robpringlei" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" rank="species" species="robpringlei">Lytopylus robpringlei</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. Holotype a anterior head b dorsal propodeum c lateral head and mesosoma d dorsal head and mesosoma e dorsal head and mesosoma variation f dorsal metasoma.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="397" type="molecular data">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Molecular data.</paragraph>
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||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="397">BOLD process ID/Janzen parasitoid voucher/GenBank accession:</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="397">ASHYB1814-10/DHJPAR0039526/JN034728</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="397">ASHYE1114-09/DHJPAR0035292/JN034727</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6B91AAEE16BD5FC12C5877321D6670A3" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" type="molecular data">
|
||||
<paragraph id="23111374CEEB98F1BE310107D6994451" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Molecular data.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="DC25556F8A2DE7AF51DB77A394A96C71" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">BOLD process ID/Janzen parasitoid voucher/GenBank accession:</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="75BB7B8BF7DDFD850B5E2740DDA23F54" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">ASHYB1814-10/DHJPAR0039526/JN034728</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4FC6E2B10920450170ED6FC0B79BC68D" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">ASHYE1114-09/DHJPAR0035292/JN034727</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="397" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Distribution.</paragraph>
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||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Alajuela Province, Costa Rica.Click here for a distribution map.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6EE34DFC679534AB3FE11A824C5B4878" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="13F311B62B2F9654C03115CEFEB37C92" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="ACA64270044A7FBE1B5422D6C687C7A9" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Alajuela Province, Costa Rica.Click here for a distribution map.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="397" type="biology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="397">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="41FE152E4EEFF98B7BA24347E8921CD6" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" type="biology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C9C7DDA0C4529190F91EF3765ED66058" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="FFFB5776BF7C556C98BD7E1586C9693C" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">
|
||||
All four rearings are from
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Elachistidae" lsidName="" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" rank="family">Elachistidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AD2327C64A31F280E31CF689EA2EFED4" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Elachistidae</taxonomicName>
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||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Stenomatinae">Stenomatinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7EA6C3886703F837D7ACA6CA37A56F12" lsidName="" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Stenomatinae">Stenomatinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) leaf tiers feeding on rain forest
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="Sapotaceae" lsidName="Sapotaceae" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" rank="genus">Sapotaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D612281F4DA0799A4150FDDCBFF49AA2" genus="Sapotaceae" lsidName="Sapotaceae" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" rank="genus">Sapotaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: 3 from
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Chlamydastis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chlamydastis rhomaeopa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhomaeopa">Chlamydastis rhomaeopa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="345013008E4C8B45B1704BDC0CF993EC" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Chlamydastis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chlamydastis rhomaeopa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhomaeopa">Chlamydastis rhomaeopa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
on
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Chrysophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chrysophyllum brenesii" order="Ericales" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brenesii">Chrysophyllum brenesii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25D6A56151985AA8A682D89D675A2DDA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Chrysophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chrysophyllum brenesii" order="Ericales" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brenesii">Chrysophyllum brenesii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and 1 elachJanzen01 Janzen35 from
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Pouteria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pouteria" order="Ericales" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pouteria</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D4C6A10D2944DB9DA30721DE5FE6177C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Pouteria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pouteria" order="Ericales" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pouteria</taxonomicName>
|
||||
17499. These leaf tiers construct a somewhat tubular channel of silk and a few fecal pellets between two overlapping leaves that are quite tightly silked together, and then surface skeletonize the leaf and feed at the leaf edges. The ovipositing wasp would need to penetrate through the leaf from above or below, skewering the caterpillar in the process. There is no externally visible indication that there is a wasp egg or larva inside the wild-collected caterpillar. At about the time the caterpillar is prepupal (which tends to be at least 5-10 days after the caterpillar is brought in from the wild), the wasp larva feeds strongly enough to immobilize the caterpillar, and 1-2 days later emerges through the body wall to spin a white cocoon in the caterpillar pupal chamber that is a space between the two leaves silked together and in a loosely defined tubular nest of silk and fecal pellets. The cranium and pelt fragments of the caterpillar are bunched together at one end of the wasp cocoon. The pupal period of the wasp is 12-20 days.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="397">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A604AB36275D495539F44E13B1A5617E" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">
|
||||
The elachistid host caterpillars feeding on
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="Sapotaceae" lsidName="Sapotaceae" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" rank="genus">Sapotaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="863E42713087F792559D20BC11A78A6D" genus="Sapotaceae" lsidName="Sapotaceae" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" rank="genus">Sapotaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are parasitized by a variety of tachinid flies, ichneumonid wasps and microgastrine braconid wasps, but (at least with this small number of rearing records) appear not to be also attacked by other agathidine wasps.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="397" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="397">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Lytopylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Metazoa" lsidName="Lytopylus robpringlei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robpringlei">Lytopylus robpringlei</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="CBED54B5BE8531403E05FD5AC1796ED7" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D341A27987EA215923AFC5F1F95BBA3A" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B9095BDEC206031D33DCA21E7F21B5CC" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D990A4F5F20516A67B3BFBC5FECE920F" genus="Lytopylus" lsidName="Lytopylus robpringlei" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" rank="species" species="robpringlei">Lytopylus robpringlei</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is named in honor of Rob Pringle of Princeton, New Jersey, who has enthusiastically supported the conservation of the ACG forest occupied by this parasitoid wasp.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="397" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="397">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F862EE12823D16C81C153E50F9DD8841" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="36154D3590BC2D469CE525846244709B" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="38FA458DABF9A2625469A8E63627AA69" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">
|
||||
Holotype: ♀, H8019 (DHJPAR0039526) Costa Rica: Alajuela: Area de
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Conservación">Conservacion</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="35DC90AA8D5BDE16DFD67334C3270241" originalValue="Conservación">Conservacion</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Guanacaste: Sector San Cristobal: Tajo Angeles: 11.vi.2010,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="10.865">10.865N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="44006FBA05B6E43E12F986C9E03153A7" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="10.865">10.865N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-85.415">85.415W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="3F4B26C79601AAB8F464BDD59A3C91F5" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-85.415">85.415W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 540m [AEI].
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="397">
|
||||
<paragraph id="853A87E44C85C66C92580191E9020827" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">
|
||||
Paratypes [AEI, HIC, INBio]: Costa Rica: Alajuela: Area de
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Conservación">Conservacion</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="6340CB706EB02725E540ACE677B08578" originalValue="Conservación">Conservacion</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Guanacaste: Sector San Cristobal: Tajo Angeles,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="10.8647">10.8647N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="DEF800724AE8AA99ECB583B1F2BDDDD0" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="10.8647">10.8647N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-85.4153">85.4153W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="60646C4662A85D5488F37FD7AE14C07E" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-85.4153">85.4153W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 540m: ♂ H7814 (DHJPAR0041557) 8.i.2011. ♂ H6635 (DHJPAR0035292) 14.v.2009. Rio Blanco Abajo,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="10.9003">10.9003N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="0CF45B4E2C4F323E879A6E2D207C1573" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="10.9003">10.9003N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-85.3725">85.3725W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="274AA01250FDDE9C192C32EF664022E6" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-85.3725">85.3725W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 500m: ♂ H6435 (DHJPAR0015456) 14.iv.2003.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue