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Bagnall, 1941: 218.
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Syn:
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<taxonomicName id="75D07D780069B9F34C34DBCD01EA1435" family="Hypogastruridae" genus="Achorutes" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" infraspecific-rank="var. nov." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Achorutes cuspidate" order="Collembola" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="cuspidate">Achorutes armata var. nov. cuspidate</taxonomicName>
Axelson, 1905:
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<bibRefCitation id="F7EC74C4ED7BFB68BC9B807D064C7036" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Thibaud et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Hypogastruridae" genus="Achorutes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Achorutes distinguendus" order="Collembola" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinguendus">Achorutes distinguendus</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="C2DDA528B1B95E5B78405AA67BD00CF8" family="Hypogastruridae" genus="Achorutes" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Achorutes distinguendus" order="Collembola" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="distinguendus">Achorutes distinguendus</taxonomicName>
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, 1941:
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<bibRefCitation id="BA3C0474BCC7ECA9A988D6802F9812CC" pageId="5" pageNumber="72">Thibaud et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
.
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<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Hypogastruridae" genus="Hypogastrura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hypogastrura (Ceratophysella) exilis" order="Collembola" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exilis" subGenus="Ceratophysella">Hypogastrura (Ceratophysella) exilis</taxonomicName>
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Yosii, 1956:
<bibRefCitation author="Yosii, R" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the Biological Laboratory Kyoto University" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" pagination="1 - 71" title="On some Collembola of Japan and adjacent countries." volume="19" year="1965">Yosii 1965</bibRefCitation>
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.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="72">
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Hypogastruridae" genus="Hypogastrura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hypogastrura (Ceratophysella) afghanistanensis" order="Collembola" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afghanistanensis" subGenus="Ceratophysella">Hypogastrura (Ceratophysella) afghanistanensis</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="8B7CEFF22353EB448C87CA19E7E672EB" pageId="5" pageNumber="72">
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Stach, 1963:
<bibRefCitation pageId="5" pageNumber="72">Thibaud et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="C2D515AEE59A05E43315BBC632C46DB2" pageId="5" pageNumber="72">Thibaud et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="72">Studied material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="72">
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<paragraph id="EE29C08A94C9691673E0FA81C1BC4A2F" pageId="5" pageNumber="72">Studied material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7445F1DCBCB65C2319CD60208CAED63B" pageId="5" pageNumber="72">
China: Tibet: Lasa, on
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Ganodermataceae" genus="Ganoderma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Ganoderma" order="Polyporales" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">Ganoderma</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="CDA5BB466152C1639385B920C689FE02" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Ganodermataceae" genus="Ganoderma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Ganoderma" order="Polyporales" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">Ganoderma</taxonomicName>
sp., 9 specimens on slides, leg. Weiping Xiong, 27 Mar 2015.
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152030336" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:413BAB9934E942DC606E1E3186206DBE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/413BAB9934E942DC606E1E3186206DBE" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="77" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="77">
<treatment id="413BAB9934E942DC606E1E3186206DBE" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152030336" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:413BAB9934E942DC606E1E3186206DBE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/413BAB9934E942DC606E1E3186206DBE" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" scope_family="Yponomeutidae" scope_order="Lepidoptera">
<subSubSection id="1C069FF54AA94880023B610CBAAB31F6" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="38F93B862D02713562134C98C0F08E3D" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">
Genus
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Eucalantica" authority="Busck, 1904" authorityName="Busck" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eucalantica Busck, 1904</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="0352C62B71B9C2E4E013F61298FBFE44" ID-CoL="928M7" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Eucalantica" authority="Busck, 1904" authorityName="Busck" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eucalantica Busck, 1904</taxonomicName>
Figs 1-35
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="77" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="77">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eucalantica</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Busck, A" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the US National Museum" pageId="15" pageNumber="90" pagination="745 - 778" title="Tineid moths from British Columbia." volume="27" year="1904">Busck, 1904</bibRefCitation>
<subSubSection id="66C82CD8E44CBE7EA6BBF820EBB871EE" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="1B878A03A32DC9F7F956EA1538DB58AA" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">
<taxonomicName id="C997719DEEC694125D4C2EE1426C7232" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eucalantica</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="28B52A0AA3D403EE884626A510911F87" author="Busck, A" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the US National Museum" pageId="15" pageNumber="90" pagination="745 - 778" title="Tineid moths from British Columbia." volume="27" year="1904">Busck, 1904</bibRefCitation>
: 750. Type species:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Galacticidae" genus="Calantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calantica polita" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polita">Calantica polita</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="C20921E52E85E47311E5DB3A716B83B6" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Calantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calantica polita" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polita">Calantica polita</taxonomicName>
Walsingham, 1881, by original designation and monotypy.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="77" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="77">
<subSubSection id="B26229E56D7A410F9EE1BF85B898129A" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="BF6D3CE2A3059DBC49932B5F9F679171" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="64E082E0699887618CFFE10EDABDA644" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">
This genus is superficially similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Thecobathra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thecobathra" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thecobathra</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="BE957C3BE06239853747295C3BB65326" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Thecobathra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thecobathra" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thecobathra</taxonomicName>
Meyrick, 1922, which also has a silvery white body and forewings, but differs from the latter in having a dark brown costal streak in forewing. The male genitalia of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eucalantica</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="749C81DB852A5655289753326FF4FA41" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eucalantica</taxonomicName>
are distinguished from those of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Thecobathra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thecobathra" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thecobathra</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="0E4207877058EE01E385A3D5B6A2C7BE" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Thecobathra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thecobathra" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thecobathra</taxonomicName>
in having three or four spines on socii (none or one spine in the latter) and a lack of dentiform projections on phallus (present in the latter). The female S8 is entirely or almost entirely sclerotized in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eucalantica</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="51064D43E835526533E404B41F2C9E80" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eucalantica</taxonomicName>
, but not in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Thecobathra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thecobathra" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thecobathra</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="908D6CC780597415710CFBC026ADE4A8" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Thecobathra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thecobathra" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thecobathra</taxonomicName>
. The female genitalia of those two genera are also different in the shape of the signum, if present: keel-like or discoid plate in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eucalantica</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="147DF00B3A55C5AA2092BB67C90FCD00" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eucalantica</taxonomicName>
, cruciform in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Thecobathra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thecobathra" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thecobathra</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="F9545DE05C8CE273FE7E57195ADEFA29" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Thecobathra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thecobathra" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thecobathra</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="77" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="77">
<subSubSection id="313469A7F4437575AFE76965C0D398A8" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" type="description">
<paragraph id="899FB31337E01DB6A510B8A6DA0B4CC0" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB2543063E624CEEEFEEA74931FF9123" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">
When resting,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eucalantica</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="C80F327CC10E5D78142D7CA54F22637A" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eucalantica</taxonomicName>
moths lay their body parallel to the substrate with their forelegs extended forward (Fig. 5).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="77" type="head">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Head.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="77">(Fig. 1). Vertex vestiture rough with white, piliform scales; frons dark brown. Antennae filiform, 3/5 as long as forewing; scape white, with brown pecten; pedicel and first two flagellomeres with two complete whorls of scales per segment, white dorsally, gray ventrally; the remaining flagellomeres with a dorsal cover of gray scales on anterior half, a complete whorl of gray scales on distal half. Labial palpus porrect, 1st segment pale brownish gray, 1/4 as long as 2nd; 2nd segment dark brown, with denser scales distad, as long as eye diameter; 3rd segment white except dark brown on ventrobasal area, with white scale tufts dorsally, as long as 2nd. Maxillary palpus 4 segmented. Proboscis devoid of scales, longer than labial palpus.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="AEF2288EDC485CA9159FD368333B5BB8" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" type="head">
<paragraph id="B6449C8704AA466E4A24BA93E2738B4C" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Head.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="15D4090FA547AF44B40A560F0614C122" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">(Fig. 1). Vertex vestiture rough with white, piliform scales; frons dark brown. Antennae filiform, 3/5 as long as forewing; scape white, with brown pecten; pedicel and first two flagellomeres with two complete whorls of scales per segment, white dorsally, gray ventrally; the remaining flagellomeres with a dorsal cover of gray scales on anterior half, a complete whorl of gray scales on distal half. Labial palpus porrect, 1st segment pale brownish gray, 1/4 as long as 2nd; 2nd segment dark brown, with denser scales distad, as long as eye diameter; 3rd segment white except dark brown on ventrobasal area, with white scale tufts dorsally, as long as 2nd. Maxillary palpus 4 segmented. Proboscis devoid of scales, longer than labial palpus.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" type="thorax and abdomen">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Thorax and abdomen.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">
<subSubSection id="03497D6A1C281983E9D30BD9FFFC0F72" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" type="thorax and abdomen">
<paragraph id="E68339C609F972FDD0838AB903C8B06F" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Thorax and abdomen.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BAFF43A529EA77F1AD4D37920AAFA6C2" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">
Tegula and mesonotum white. Foreleg lustrous dark brown dorsally, gray ventrally; epiphysis arising at middle. Midleg with coxa to tibia lustrous pale brown dorsally, silvery white ventrally; first tarsus dark brown dorsally, silvery white ventrally; the remaining tarsi brownish gray with dark brown ring on
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="78" start="start">distal</pageBreakToken>
<pageBreakToken id="C3221F5226C9F85153C8CE49B712B6D9" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" start="start">distal</pageBreakToken>
end. Hindleg silvery white, slightly tinged with pale brown ventrally. The forewings (Figs 6-14) white, elongate-triangular, costa straight, apex at anterior 1/3 of termen, obtuse-angled, termen oblique after apex; a black spot at the upper corner of discal cell; scattered black spots on the posterior 1/2 and distal 2/3; a brown or orange dorsal patch; however, the latter two are often reduced, depending on the individual. The forewing venation of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eucalantica</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="F2841B7522473C5B7588433B7CC0960D" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eucalantica</taxonomicName>
(Fig. 2) with pterostigma 2/5 of costa before R; Rs1 and Rs2 stalked; Rs4 below apex; M2 and M3 at base closer than M1; CuA1 directed to tornus; CuA2 ending at posterior margin. The hindwing slightly broader than forewing, pale gray, darkened to apex and anterior margin, termen broadly round, apex narrowly round; venation (Fig. 2) with Sc+R1 ending at the middle of anterior margin; Rs directed to apex; M1, M2 and M3 evenly spaced; CuP close to 1A+2A. Abdomen silvery white, slightly tinged with pale brown on basal half; pleural lobe silvery white.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" type="abdominal sternum ii and terga">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="78">Abdominal sternum II and terga.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">
<subSubSection id="B426DBAEE37B058F58303247A2F16C9B" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" type="abdominal sternum ii and terga">
<paragraph id="F1A00F50E194E8E877026872F4EF0772" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">Abdominal sternum II and terga.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8043812B9FBCFF79D4D05518367656D1" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">
(Fig. 3). Apodeme slender, 1/5 as long as venula; venula slender, 4/5 as long as 2nd sternite; transverse ridge at posterior 1/6 of 2nd
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="79" start="start">sternite</pageBreakToken>
<pageBreakToken id="592DED630F332A5903726FB3B0CD16BE" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" start="start">sternite</pageBreakToken>
. A pair of spiniform setal zones on tergum II~VII; in polita, paired zones expanded, fused with each other.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="79" type="male a8">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Male A8.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="79">(Fig. 4). A pair of coremata twice as long as pleural lobes; tergite elliptical, with lanceolate caudal end; pleuron expanded posteriorly as lobate; sternite subtriangular, enlarged caudad, posterior margin concave.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="41544A6CECA366DB25A7DF386D88BE4F" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" type="male a8">
<paragraph id="C68272074D99F029706DF009F40B12C4" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Male A8.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B6465760D3442B24F0CA25759EB5FB7B" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">(Fig. 4). A pair of coremata twice as long as pleural lobes; tergite elliptical, with lanceolate caudal end; pleuron expanded posteriorly as lobate; sternite subtriangular, enlarged caudad, posterior margin concave.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="79" type="male genitalia">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Male genitalia.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="79">(Figs 17-30). Uncus linguiform, convex posteriorly, medially fused with tegumen; in four of the seven species, a pair of lateral humps present near apex; socii elongate, extended from ventrobasal area of uncus, with a row of 3-4 spines ventroterminally. Tuba analis with weakly sclerotized area ventrally ('subscaphium'), continuous to gnathos; gnathos as a transverse bulge below tuba analis, with narrow, band-like sclerotization along apical edge. Valva obovate or rectangular, setose on the posterior half of the ventral side, with species-specific groove or projections above basal sacculus. Vinculum narrower to saccus; saccus elongate. Aedeagus straight or bent medially; cornuti absent or as a zone of minute spinules.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="73DC373C375899A49B0FF3D2DCC573B4" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" type="male genitalia">
<paragraph id="D2026F3928335202E88A7028F5F5B729" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Male genitalia.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="55CAE926A92BB7FF88AB827124C5067B" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">(Figs 17-30). Uncus linguiform, convex posteriorly, medially fused with tegumen; in four of the seven species, a pair of lateral humps present near apex; socii elongate, extended from ventrobasal area of uncus, with a row of 3-4 spines ventroterminally. Tuba analis with weakly sclerotized area ventrally ('subscaphium'), continuous to gnathos; gnathos as a transverse bulge below tuba analis, with narrow, band-like sclerotization along apical edge. Valva obovate or rectangular, setose on the posterior half of the ventral side, with species-specific groove or projections above basal sacculus. Vinculum narrower to saccus; saccus elongate. Aedeagus straight or bent medially; cornuti absent or as a zone of minute spinules.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="79" type="female genitalia">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Female genitalia.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="79">(Figs 31-35). Papillae anales subtriangular. A pair of hairy humps on the distal margin of S8; interspace between the humps with dense, minute thorns, the thorny area extending above and below S8 humps. Segment S8 entirely or mostly sclerotized, sometimes posterolateral margins forming a semicircular fold (Figs 32 and 35, indicated by asterisk); depending on the species, with a pair of pits (Fig. 35a) or semicircular depression (Fig. 31b) near ostium. Antrum digitate or bowl-shaped, with numerous minute thorns internally; thorny area extending caudally beyond ostium bursae. Ductus seminalis near a connection between ductus and corpus bursae; bulla seminalis as large as (in polita) or smaller than corpus or absent (in costaricae). Corpus bursae very fragile due to its thin wall; signum absent in two species, present in three species and shaped like a dentate keel or a small scobinate disk.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="075647696C1473F9EAA2676E1C79A072" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" type="female genitalia">
<paragraph id="35943F82D8FDE576A46E8F0D4FD3CD16" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Female genitalia.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D1E1CF99B91E8E03FC5F24668D751791" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">(Figs 31-35). Papillae anales subtriangular. A pair of hairy humps on the distal margin of S8; interspace between the humps with dense, minute thorns, the thorny area extending above and below S8 humps. Segment S8 entirely or mostly sclerotized, sometimes posterolateral margins forming a semicircular fold (Figs 32 and 35, indicated by asterisk); depending on the species, with a pair of pits (Fig. 35a) or semicircular depression (Fig. 31b) near ostium. Antrum digitate or bowl-shaped, with numerous minute thorns internally; thorny area extending caudally beyond ostium bursae. Ductus seminalis near a connection between ductus and corpus bursae; bulla seminalis as large as (in polita) or smaller than corpus or absent (in costaricae). Corpus bursae very fragile due to its thin wall; signum absent in two species, present in three species and shaped like a dentate keel or a small scobinate disk.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="79" type="species diversity">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Species diversity.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<subSubSection id="48A93C25B9F931641A0ECC49C70113F2" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" type="species diversity">
<paragraph id="FBFA02A73DAEA822A3C9676517E64DBA" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Species diversity.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C5052E742D8BA15CCD71E4FE60EB3C42" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
The distribution of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eucalantica</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="219CBC9CC3C7D1001DCF73370D6059F6" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eucalantica</taxonomicName>
as shown in this paper indicates a high diversity of the genus in the Central America. Three of the five Costa Rican species described in this paper were found in the high-elevation oak forests of Cerro de la Muerte region, indicating that multiple species can coexist in a single ecozone. Interestingly, there exists a different group of congeners in the high mountains of Heredia province. This pattern predicts more undescribed species of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eucalantica</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="F29CFBDC817347456F5A99F6D70EBB5D" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eucalantica</taxonomicName>
present along the montane systems of Costa Rica and other Central American countries.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="79" type="key to the adults of eucalantica species including variants in forewing patterns">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<subSubSection id="F05015AAC5A3EE87F1710D539DD6C2FE" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" type="key to the adults of eucalantica species including variants in forewing patterns">
<paragraph id="39C72D50BAC96C722F0F44A4A806CF13" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
Key to the adults of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eucalantica</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="A419C2218F3DE37C5FE82317E063FE13" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eucalantica</taxonomicName>
species including variants in forewing patterns
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<paragraph id="AEAA41BE2E0851BE89063EE1E6E1670B" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
Note: External appearance is usually inadequate for species identification of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eucalantica</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4158F76FECD58A1631D19404091862D7" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eucalantica</taxonomicName>
. Whenever possible, examination of the genitalia is advised for reliable identifications of the species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<table pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">Fig. 6</td>
<paragraph id="99A0C590E41C04A5B28FAFA37765C31C" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<table id="0BBB5614E682039C6158A0F54BC21429" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<tr id="BA2758A108B3DCFB2162805BEBB65E02" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td id="15C1802BBBCC99F6B6CF218794CF00E7" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">Fig. 6</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica costaricae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costaricae">Eucalantica costaricae</taxonomicName>
<tr id="E79FC7AEB9C48865C1B49776F89A0846" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td id="DE6EAC6638BC3A66F75D2AB611756A66" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="4131B2D71C7DABE4F021D89038301EA9" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica costaricae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costaricae">Eucalantica costaricae</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica polita" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polita">Eucalantica polita</taxonomicName>
<tr id="8805C4D8143D61B3F57F16FC32D5D739" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td id="F0DD6EB5FFA3C4FCD6B1C635BD1EAD7F" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="F52BE866CFF5780548B7DCCE5FA41E6C" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica polita" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polita">Eucalantica polita</taxonomicName>
Fig. 8
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">Fig. 6</td>
<tr id="C58317D75A80A14096CE9B6FAABBF39E" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td id="3034F947D13369BFA86055192A0CF652" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">Fig. 6</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica pumila" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumila">Eucalantica pumila</taxonomicName>
<tr id="97CA1ABCD66D2BECA16A1901A5D88932" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td id="DE92178460FC0F9EA250CB0186F785E9" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="6C0840D1E55A10806C2C779C7287FB9B" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica pumila" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumila">Eucalantica pumila</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica polita" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polita">Eucalantica polita</taxonomicName>
<tr id="B13EE0697912ABCDEE89F0967254AB29" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td id="D133C265E55EB25C039AFF1F3EEA5E46" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="5222F307DDFEFC04DFDFB89380677668" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica polita" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polita">Eucalantica polita</taxonomicName>
Fig. 7
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica vaquero" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vaquero">Eucalantica vaquero</taxonomicName>
<tr id="FCC4DDA6D139F956FA42C2CE1AF85086" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td id="4E8239AA061C60A171A49513DC105AAE" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="23A4729DFDE4735734E3028A1D4CF86E" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica vaquero" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vaquero">Eucalantica vaquero</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica ehecatlella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ehecatlella">Eucalantica ehecatlella</taxonomicName>
<tr id="7E6778534DA498BD724F9B4E32159310" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td id="9016242365194AF41399B110B4EB72AC" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="6909A034F7B4934F4B2C0C53096E3D0C" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica ehecatlella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ehecatlella">Eucalantica ehecatlella</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica powelli" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="powelli">Eucalantica powelli</taxonomicName>
<tr id="F4A17DDFFCDB930878079F30A8103764" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td id="263768277C59D53EE4FFC2C0088AA7E0" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="7BFA9F409C04674F287FCC073FF5F405" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica powelli" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="powelli">Eucalantica powelli</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica icarusella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="icarusella">Eucalantica icarusella</taxonomicName>
<tr id="3CC5AA2DA39AF48029B2057FA7A058E5" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td id="15ECEB75EBCD61FE102D5A37219C5A2A" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="FDF405E3ED84A82FA3003F7ECFF444ED" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica icarusella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="icarusella">Eucalantica icarusella</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica polita" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polita">Eucalantica polita</taxonomicName>
<tr id="81463E66E656E65DDC43AA28539F636F" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td id="DDD847FCC730EDAAB6191C67E823BE97" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="92C126B36235C065761F1938F0F08A4E" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica polita" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polita">Eucalantica polita</taxonomicName>
Fig. 9
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="79" type="key to eucalantica species based on male genitalia">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<subSubSection id="48C916BF0CCFC2A8FC568A60CD6B99AB" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" type="key to eucalantica species based on male genitalia">
<paragraph id="38ECA4A82AF99954DA7AE60008AC77F6" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
Key to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eucalantica</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="75CA638058B5F45738D720BE39F70377" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eucalantica</taxonomicName>
species based on male genitalia
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<table pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">Figs 24e28e</td>
<paragraph id="BD16EE3C26BCC14DCD8BB9832AE1A726" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<table id="B5F021169F6083736B396BC5182B9024" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<tr id="C0D1BF5A98871D617F369D5D42E7FD14" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td id="7ADE8342107A8DE79A40E75B5B5C5111" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">Figs 24e28e</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">Fig. 27a</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica vaquero" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vaquero">Eucalantica vaquero</taxonomicName>
<tr id="7DEBEB9D751F2A4A195522D132DA283A" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td id="AB1270B55724D1A04D5C80F2778EF8C9" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">Fig. 27a</td>
<td id="CB0F16256266F03400929F8318C3BC76" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="D34718C1283A88C5B572353B8EA634B9" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica vaquero" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vaquero">Eucalantica vaquero</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">Fig. 23a</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica icarusella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="icarusella">Eucalantica icarusella</taxonomicName>
<tr id="BFCA3CA559F04B1BA509CCADE4C412EB" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td id="273FE84CE88CB4E941BF5ACF9C3CA138" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">Fig. 23a</td>
<td id="EDCF79BABEAE7A0C439CBE13BAA3C95F" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="BBFA82C409B0B11A82F973119A9A964E" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica icarusella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="icarusella">Eucalantica icarusella</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">Fig. 17c</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica polita" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polita">Eucalantica polita</taxonomicName>
<tr id="1E65D96046F9814226A50BC6531D8D8E" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td id="739CA9158A854E83EA82366ACA7F7D85" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">Fig. 17c</td>
<td id="0CCAF271B39DA139839760D6CA269D8A" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="265B25A384C445FB668D4581A7EC1CCC" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica polita" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polita">Eucalantica polita</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">Fig. 25c</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica powelli" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="powelli">Eucalantica powelli</taxonomicName>
<tr id="9DA2C51BD3DF62CE75AEEF115A3F7D11" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td id="88643D4647867EAA5B4AFF790BEE5648" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">Fig. 25c</td>
<td id="13615E5D568EB858959947BA84B35FEA" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="4CCA25437ECDA99D790EFD26FB66DD36" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica powelli" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="powelli">Eucalantica powelli</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica pumila" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumila">Eucalantica pumila</taxonomicName>
<tr id="BFB1C080E805B3C0AE1E194526ECC93D" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td id="056BFE45E812B25FEF7EB149A2D65FC2" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="B1E290901D3D519B0DCC5212FCB7DFEE" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica pumila" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumila">Eucalantica pumila</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">Fig. 21c</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica ehecatlella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ehecatlella">Eucalantica ehecatlella</taxonomicName>
<tr id="3FE1D45813CD84977DBAADCDFF29A5DC" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td id="E24E08D7ABCED948F59F28220F8EF7F5" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">Fig. 21c</td>
<td id="5F6223E2B3FFA69FDF870DFBB37D251C" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="5AC7B0576F035204A4AE85D792E7D0BB" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica ehecatlella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ehecatlella">Eucalantica ehecatlella</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">Fig. 19c</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica costaricae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costaricae">Eucalantica costaricae</taxonomicName>
<tr id="B3B6639FF7BC2921177785BA8BEE8993" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td id="DC005745B9DC8D0980D15BAAAD760872" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">Fig. 19c</td>
<td id="4D15139B73B26BAD161395C52D5FB3AB" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="7FF5D87F761C44A6DC4E56E7AF7F4471" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica costaricae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costaricae">Eucalantica costaricae</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="79" type="key to eucalantica species based on female genitalia">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Key to Eucalantica species based on female genitalia</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<subSubSection id="0D1AD12817BA36553E0A64E77245AAFC" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" type="key to eucalantica species based on female genitalia">
<paragraph id="D958200C9051D057D8847D65361A8E8A" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Key to Eucalantica species based on female genitalia</paragraph>
<paragraph id="74AAEFDCB15DA8494554BE33F470062B" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
Note: the females of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica ehecatlella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ehecatlella">Eucalantica ehecatlella</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="0FFAF69030DFEDE4E5912E44BB82676A" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica ehecatlella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ehecatlella">Eucalantica ehecatlella</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica pumila" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumila">Eucalantica pumila</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="AEDB178B7B5C7B6DF360B44143D547C0" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica pumila" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumila">Eucalantica pumila</taxonomicName>
are unknown
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<table pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">Figs 34c, 35c</td>
<paragraph id="7A3411CC420C1F775EFE07A2145B0DEB" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<table id="58E3673E3A421CF73C3D69664A5AB003" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<tr id="86FF9D3065E41B0638C47CED5C9C03D2" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td id="2EFCD4C267EFE4DF15388CB3C1BE955B" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">Figs 34c, 35c</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">Fig. 33c</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica costaricae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costaricae">Eucalantica costaricae</taxonomicName>
<tr id="865EC3C7DFF3673D7BC49D5477BFC881" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td id="49A2E3C506E7C7E1BA2B492FE13E1324" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">Fig. 33c</td>
<td id="DC0AE38CB783EE5C4429BF842C3174AD" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="D5E40A0752172C76A01E5E31DFB099FA" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica costaricae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costaricae">Eucalantica costaricae</taxonomicName>
</td>
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<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">Fig. 35a</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica icarusella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="icarusella">Eucalantica icarusella</taxonomicName>
<tr id="00D33A2A799204DF0C267B0AB579161D" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td id="26FD04ED5EB94D3DE0AA69BD14228CF6" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">Fig. 35a</td>
<td id="5A3976618E99288FF5620B53BF00EC97" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="982C8AD4792496D58DCE743890C71282" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica icarusella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="icarusella">Eucalantica icarusella</taxonomicName>
</td>
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<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica vaquero" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vaquero">Eucalantica vaquero</taxonomicName>
<tr id="F0577908250E9724921F75E655D979BA" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td id="911F3E86C5D318F5199A191A1B46CEAB" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="60C81AFF28F639DC8B66559E878D85DD" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica vaquero" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vaquero">Eucalantica vaquero</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">Fig. 32</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica powelli" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="powelli">Eucalantica powelli</taxonomicName>
<tr id="075DE7BC2F738C87DADA94AC11FFD285" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td id="8E97782FC8676615A431CAE12DE599E3" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">Fig. 32</td>
<td id="FCB0708D21E96EC32EBF36C2BE55407B" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="8F293F810519F2E7999110DE67B46E18" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica powelli" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="powelli">Eucalantica powelli</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica polita" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polita">Eucalantica polita</taxonomicName>
<tr id="7A8D27F19260B147B788BA7593FB25AF" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<td id="542087D9D2EB23BC5FDF37C43E9FCE0C" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="8A82C938D4507F32382F02D9DD3B0855" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Eucalantica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucalantica polita" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polita">Eucalantica polita</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
</table>

View file

@ -1,593 +1,594 @@
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Altaiskii Krai</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="27F7DE1DBC5601B7726BE6E1187B12AA" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Material.</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="E39829155011CB3E8532AF2450D7D2B5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Altaiskii Krai</emphasis>
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<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="km" value="50.0">50 km</quantity>
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<quantity id="B7138E8B51F5D82E1704383CF27EAAD6" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="km" value="50.0">50 km</quantity>
SEE
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,
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3599999999999999" unit="m" value="1360.0">
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3599999999999999" unit="m" value="1360.0">1360 m</quantity>
<elevation id="AAA6C32939BD118258C822E66799A578" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3599999999999999" unit="m" value="1360.0">
<quantity id="A06B8A2864BDA28B8F2BB1885E7A79D1" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3599999999999999" unit="m" value="1360.0">1360 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
, floodplain meadow of
<collectingMunicipality>Malyi Tigirek river</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="CB1DCBD9BC59359A2EB7C502D6B30C0D">Malyi Tigirek river</collectingMunicipality>
source,
<collectingDate value="2012-07-07">7.VII.2012</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="2E0B018C648CE7F81703A2FECF1F037D" value="2012-07-07">7.VII.2012</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-01-01" collectingDateMax="2020-12-31" collectingDateMin="2020-01-01" location="Republic of Altai" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:9A13AB0E943DE28DC0B79CE885E4AD6B" name="Republic of Altai">Republic of Altai</location>
<materialsCitation id="4F564EF3E7CBAC78D0E06AB7A9D2D123" collectingDate="2020-01-01" collectingDateMax="2020-12-31" collectingDateMin="2020-01-01" location="Republic of Altai" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="31D9BCFA61FE2139C30ADEA88990B428" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">
<location id="9A13AB0E943DE28DC0B79CE885E4AD6B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:9A13AB0E943DE28DC0B79CE885E4AD6B" name="Republic of Altai">Republic of Altai</location>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
:
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-01-01" collectingDateMax="2020-12-31" collectingDateMin="2020-01-01" elevation="1670" latitude="51.531685" location="Sagan mountain" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="86.78177" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="9FD1BC8926F87344EE782C7346D3220B" collectingDate="2020-01-01" collectingDateMax="2020-12-31" collectingDateMin="2020-01-01" elevation="1670" latitude="51.531685" location="Sagan mountain" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="86.78177" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="AD64DEB6AEA25EF2CEDE942421186CF4" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="51" direction="north" minutes="31,901" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.531685">51°31,901'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="621100C193494332D9D5763238DA498E" degrees="51" direction="north" minutes="31,901" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.531685">51°31,901'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="86" direction="east" minutes="46,906" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="86.78177">86°46,906'E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="3B9BA5328CBA62EC0B48E645CCFEA0DF" degrees="86" direction="east" minutes="46,906" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="86.78177">86°46,906'E</geoCoordinate>
,
<locationDeviation location="Choya village">
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" unit="km" value="55.0">55 km</quantity>
<locationDeviation id="14B0003BA91FC7505A617614132B0F73" location="Choya village">
<quantity id="1144B06562356539092D61EC4C41EFB8" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" unit="km" value="55.0">55 km</quantity>
SSE Choya village
</locationDeviation>
, near
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:8BA9942294910A882A6A56BEA199CC4D" latitude="51.531685" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="86.78177" name="Sagan mountain">Sagan mountain</location>
<location id="8BA9942294910A882A6A56BEA199CC4D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:8BA9942294910A882A6A56BEA199CC4D" latitude="51.531685" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="86.78177" name="Sagan mountain">Sagan mountain</location>
,
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.67" unit="m" value="1670.0">
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.67" unit="m" value="1670.0">1670 m</quantity>
<elevation id="86B389A07F2FCC4022D0928BABF51431" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.67" unit="m" value="1670.0">
<quantity id="4750DF97CC58D54A69322AB7C5013DF6" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.67" unit="m" value="1670.0">1670 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
, forest tall grass meadow, 20.VII.20009
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2013-07-26" collectorName="M. Yu. Proshchalykin. Kemerovskaya Oblast" latitude="49.624165" location="Zaichikha river" longLatPrecision="18" longitude="85.73389" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="C77A4178F29811ECFA99F1D45FD3BACC" collectingDate="2013-07-26" collectorName="M. Yu. Proshchalykin. Kemerovskaya Oblast" latitude="49.624165" location="Zaichikha river" longLatPrecision="18" longitude="85.73389" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="DD6E8C84F19C670CE5A38A4FBE927812" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="49" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="27" value="49.624165">49°37'27&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="1B08F3D3CAABEA266936FD43DA569373" degrees="49" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="27" value="49.624165">49°37'27&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="85" direction="east" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="02" value="85.73389">85°44'02&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="E643D2795C9548D18DC48BF6BF0CAA14" degrees="85" direction="east" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="02" value="85.73389">85°44'02&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
,
<locationDeviation location="Ust Koksa village">
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" unit="km" value="72.0">72 km</quantity>
<locationDeviation id="8C428F155E6FE2E4E6C99DA7D7B1E13E" location="Ust Koksa village">
<quantity id="D1016042CCBA11754DFBEE97A9165D95" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" unit="km" value="72.0">72 km</quantity>
SEE Ust Koksa village
</locationDeviation>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:CA5DA55AF55FAC8D53080701110AD4D4" latitude="49.624165" longLatPrecision="18" longitude="85.73389" name="Zaichikha river">Zaichikha river</location>
<location id="CA5DA55AF55FAC8D53080701110AD4D4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:CA5DA55AF55FAC8D53080701110AD4D4" latitude="49.624165" longLatPrecision="18" longitude="85.73389" name="Zaichikha river">Zaichikha river</location>
,
<collectingDate value="2013-07-26">26.VII.2013</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="C3F109B2CA1D0848DE823944B1240F01" value="2013-07-26">26.VII.2013</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName>M.Yu. Proshchalykin.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">
<collectorName id="C23E78F746B0CF25B0C534937880C846">
M.Yu. Proshchalykin.
<emphasis id="FD831FE8B9E8A9231953F6772D3419AA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">
Kemerovskaya Oblast,
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-01-01" collectingDateMax="2020-12-31" collectingDateMin="2020-01-01" location="State Reserve" specimenCount="1">
<materialsCitation id="7888FA287E17DDF7EE074A0F695E0669" collectingDate="2020-01-01" collectingDateMax="2020-12-31" collectingDateMin="2020-01-01" location="State Reserve" specimenCount="1">
&quot;Kuznetskii Alatau&quot;
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:23FDF455B808B46377BAD9C64F6C6AE2" name="State Reserve">State Reserve</location>
<location id="23FDF455B808B46377BAD9C64F6C6AE2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:23FDF455B808B46377BAD9C64F6C6AE2" name="State Reserve">State Reserve</location>
</materialsCitation>
</emphasis>
</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
:
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1998-07-09" elevation="1300" location="Kuznetskii Alatau" municipality="river Srednyaya Ters" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="84401142995E56EF2C941996E783036B" collectingDate="1998-07-09" elevation="1300" location="Kuznetskii Alatau" municipality="river Srednyaya Ters" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="E5AF3899179B626A447A4E48149469D5" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="38A0F56CC85360BC43E94C329213ACD7" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<locationDeviation location="Novokuznetsk">
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" unit="km" value="81.0">81 km</quantity>
<locationDeviation id="9AB6C1E18BA373EA105F0CC7A3F5CF1A" location="Novokuznetsk">
<quantity id="47412BABAECF7E549DED3EEA1ADF99B2" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" unit="km" value="81.0">81 km</quantity>
NE Novokuznetsk
</locationDeviation>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:AFEB0AF3EB4ABE8E77EB897BBB25476E" municipality="river Srednyaya Ters" name="Kuznetskii Alatau">Kuznetskii Alatau</location>
<location id="AFEB0AF3EB4ABE8E77EB897BBB25476E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:AFEB0AF3EB4ABE8E77EB897BBB25476E" municipality="river Srednyaya Ters" name="Kuznetskii Alatau">Kuznetskii Alatau</location>
W slope to
<collectingMunicipality>river Srednyaya Ters</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="F396BC1E57CCA6A48D0843C905C318CF">river Srednyaya Ters</collectingMunicipality>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" unit="m" value="1300.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" unit="m" value="1300.0">1300 m</elevation>
<quantity id="427EE2081CBA41CA4359E8E8D0B390CC" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" unit="m" value="1300.0">
<elevation id="E67FCD1818BDB45B45D98B32F1C6B1EA" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" unit="m" value="1300.0">1300 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, grass subalpine meadow on stones,
<collectingDate value="1998-07-09">9.VII.1998</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="EE9FFE2A14A830467562501E355FE5DE" value="1998-07-09">9.VII.1998</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1998-07-17" elevation="1240" location="Srednyaya Maganakova river" municipality="Krivaya river" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-male="4">
<specimenCount type="male">4 ♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="8AD295359DFD7C0F108FA678429CA664" collectingDate="1998-07-17" elevation="1240" location="Srednyaya Maganakova river" municipality="Krivaya river" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-male="4">
<specimenCount id="F1E4E9F32EA83DE98FABA3909EB2D015" type="male">4 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1A2153591996A16BB9EFAEAE754DFDBF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:75E7C31B9358A2EF02873686287C7933" municipality="Krivaya river" name="Srednyaya Maganakova river">Srednyaya Maganakova river</location>
<location id="75E7C31B9358A2EF02873686287C7933" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:75E7C31B9358A2EF02873686287C7933" municipality="Krivaya river" name="Srednyaya Maganakova river">Srednyaya Maganakova river</location>
basin,
<collectingMunicipality>Krivaya river</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="BA7F78CE8EF19C3570253B17993C2927">Krivaya river</collectingMunicipality>
source, right bank,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.24" unit="m" value="1240.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.24" unit="m" value="1240.0">1240 m</elevation>
<quantity id="28767F177FD6ABDCE98A6304503F55E5" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.24" unit="m" value="1240.0">
<elevation id="0A1EF6E7555A491C5551DDF848E92B90" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.24" unit="m" value="1240.0">1240 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, grass meadow with bushes,
<collectingDate value="1998-07-17">17.VII.1998</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="EE2183A3CCBE5A1DF376EE309BD1AD85" value="1998-07-17">17.VII.1998</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1997-07-10" location="Kuznetskii Alatau" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="F92C45402C1E7F13BE59F5B9A0BEDC9A" collectingDate="1997-07-10" location="Kuznetskii Alatau" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="89BEFBB85D85B0B559F177325D5C149B" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<locationDeviation location="Novokuznetsk">
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" unit="km" value="86.0">86 km</quantity>
<locationDeviation id="90C9E5C6AD5FDDC3F59B36968F86B316" location="Novokuznetsk">
<quantity id="FA5139151A769A887A570C214DECCD9F" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" unit="km" value="86.0">86 km</quantity>
NE Novokuznetsk
</locationDeviation>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:591BC49DED9477A7B39CBD384BAFA45F" name="Kuznetskii Alatau">Kuznetskii Alatau</location>
<location id="591BC49DED9477A7B39CBD384BAFA45F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:591BC49DED9477A7B39CBD384BAFA45F" name="Kuznetskii Alatau">Kuznetskii Alatau</location>
, polydominant subalpine meadow,
<collectingDate value="1997-07-10">10.VII.1997</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="CF6115315BB986F53B5491C9A67FC424" value="1997-07-10">10.VII.1997</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1997-07-14" elevation="1250" location="Srednaya Srednyaya Ters river" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3">
<specimenCount type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="22B70B28FCFF6CEDCA26086F72954A30" collectingDate="1997-07-14" elevation="1250" location="Srednaya Srednyaya Ters river" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3">
<specimenCount id="6C4D8048ED25CFB97D513FAE3AF08C3F" type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B068E1825E8ED8A97E2F838A787EFBA5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
, NW slope to
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:FEF6A70B4179666ACCDE1BADB69325C1" name="Srednaya Srednyaya Ters river">
<location id="FEF6A70B4179666ACCDE1BADB69325C1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:FEF6A70B4179666ACCDE1BADB69325C1" name="Srednaya Srednyaya Ters river">
Srednaya
<normalizedToken originalValue="Средняя">Srednyaya</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="8A6767AD61F3100BE6A70A22BB6221B4" originalValue="Средняя">Srednyaya</normalizedToken>
Ters river
</location>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" unit="m" value="1250.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" unit="m" value="1250.0">1250 m</elevation>
<quantity id="DD0CBB45EC784D5F9239076D6B05FEBF" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" unit="m" value="1250.0">
<elevation id="35ACE0EADBD00B83C1DF48F04B779E79" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" unit="m" value="1250.0">1250 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, subalpine meadow,
<collectingDate value="1997-07-14">14.VII.1997</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="F1E8BF4AD7E976343E83E1FE555BD3AB" value="1997-07-14">14.VII.1997</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1998-07-15" elevation="1200" location="Verkhnyaya Ters river" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="2">
<specimenCount type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="5F05842254DAF470B820C8C8AAC72277" collectingDate="1998-07-15" elevation="1200" location="Verkhnyaya Ters river" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="2">
<specimenCount id="AFF64AB4000B1107DCEDC6CAF93F8868" type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="7090871FD31347F1008A235CDF024AF1" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
<emphasis id="2F6C95B5726DFBF3CB06BA55A41BF80F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
, S slope, to
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:8E7675464C830CB0E39166AC1945124A" name="Verkhnyaya Ters river">Verkhnyaya Ters river</location>
<location id="8E7675464C830CB0E39166AC1945124A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:8E7675464C830CB0E39166AC1945124A" name="Verkhnyaya Ters river">Verkhnyaya Ters river</location>
source,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="1200.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</elevation>
<quantity id="B0321A8C38B32CF71F2E410955D4D0B7" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="1200.0">
<elevation id="4ECF35B204CA3464F742F4A7A6293CE5" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, subalpine meadow,
<collectingDate value="1998-07-15">15.VII.1998</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="E10C5C52FD0CB5CD3BCD7AF310E30E0E" value="1998-07-15">15.VII.1998</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1997-07-10" elevation="1320" location="Kuznetskii Alatau" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="35EB10AF2A70AA2A6576A04EA724E463" collectingDate="1997-07-10" elevation="1320" location="Kuznetskii Alatau" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount id="A74E5B8E38604BCD20A1A68A758C46AB" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<locationDeviation location="Novokuznetsk">
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" unit="km" value="87.0">87 km</quantity>
<locationDeviation id="513304AB7E7B30465933F7C5B7CC78B7" location="Novokuznetsk">
<quantity id="A95E77D08D6BC171E4E4D0CCDEE69E2D" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" unit="km" value="87.0">87 km</quantity>
NE Novokuznetsk
</locationDeviation>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:8B60479F9C9913C19D8CD3F2741C66BD" name="Kuznetskii Alatau">Kuznetskii Alatau</location>
<location id="8B60479F9C9913C19D8CD3F2741C66BD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:8B60479F9C9913C19D8CD3F2741C66BD" name="Kuznetskii Alatau">Kuznetskii Alatau</location>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3199999999999998" unit="m" value="1320.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3199999999999998" unit="m" value="1320.0">1320 m</elevation>
<quantity id="9525412A863072A4AEEE81BDEF1D14A3" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3199999999999998" unit="m" value="1320.0">
<elevation id="0DE348743CBB30F1165A7B607DAA7FEF" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3199999999999998" unit="m" value="1320.0">1320 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, polydominant subalpine meadow,
<collectedFrom>
<collectedFrom id="D25ACB9D31E52E3517258BF08F465E4A">
on
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saussurea latifolia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="637" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Saussurea latifolia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7D81C85B282BD0EE4283E32C8529B396" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saussurea latifolia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="637" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis id="4D18EB6A1DDF6893B697DE1A15669B25" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Saussurea latifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<collectingDate value="1997-07-10">10.VII.1997</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="D1A36A51EBFE70ACF909AA795B8FFE4C" value="1997-07-10">10.VII.1997</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1998-07-26" location="Bolshoi Kanym mountain" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-male="5">
<specimenCount type="male">5 ♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="CE9B6050EEB10813F71DC203AB4A583A" collectingDate="1998-07-26" location="Bolshoi Kanym mountain" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-male="5">
<specimenCount id="B165327DE0F8C1BA94A82C83C555C016" type="male">5 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<locationDeviation location="Novokuznetsk">
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.8" unit="km" value="88.0">88 km</quantity>
<locationDeviation id="ABCDFF90867EC4A8C10B4AFD355B54DA" location="Novokuznetsk">
<quantity id="103C680219F1B3BF900EBE216A5415AB" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.8" unit="km" value="88.0">88 km</quantity>
NE Novokuznetsk
</locationDeviation>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:9AD69375B73D1A7BAB1FA679ABE1DA2D" name="Bolshoi Kanym mountain">Bolshoi Kanym mountain</location>
<location id="9AD69375B73D1A7BAB1FA679ABE1DA2D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:9AD69375B73D1A7BAB1FA679ABE1DA2D" name="Bolshoi Kanym mountain">Bolshoi Kanym mountain</location>
, NE slope, birch-pine forest,
<collectingDate value="1998-07-26">26.VII.1998</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="57A24667F8D737831FD7BB4E525C653E" value="1998-07-26">26.VII.1998</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1997-07-15" location="Krestovaya mountain" municipality="Mirnaya river" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="08A4535CFB1FEEBB01362C366C74E6EE" collectingDate="1997-07-15" location="Krestovaya mountain" municipality="Mirnaya river" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="19F2E8F0256AFAAADC11AC0152A14A47" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<locationDeviation location="Novokuznetsk">
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" unit="km" value="90.0">90 km</quantity>
<locationDeviation id="4ADA83C93F6107E233C3A4B22FE8073D" location="Novokuznetsk">
<quantity id="C60CAFBA2C20EB58ABCA8142F2BAB14D" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" unit="km" value="90.0">90 km</quantity>
NE Novokuznetsk
</locationDeviation>
, N slope of
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:1A822F2582B8137985E43B953AE40ED3" municipality="Mirnaya river" name="Krestovaya mountain">Krestovaya mountain</location>
<location id="1A822F2582B8137985E43B953AE40ED3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:1A822F2582B8137985E43B953AE40ED3" municipality="Mirnaya river" name="Krestovaya mountain">Krestovaya mountain</location>
to valley of
<collectingMunicipality>Mirnaya river</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="353D9C128C986DABE1F2C6D55B0F4000">Mirnaya river</collectingMunicipality>
, wet grass meadow,
<collectedFrom>
<collectedFrom id="3E06DA4628AF9D6C93740363CC6790BC">
on
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saussurea latifolia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="637" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Saussurea latifolia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="463A1F1EC8657314A179D530AB6FC012" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saussurea latifolia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="637" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis id="4A1F8B3B31C43A1BA278970F420FE7C7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Saussurea latifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
buds,
<collectingDate value="1997-07-15">15.VII.1997</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="3142B81FC2E77F81930B1E9F3D02CC53" value="1997-07-15">15.VII.1997</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1997-07-18" elevation="800" location="Mirnaya river" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="DFF95A7911FA9D1A386E471D96A046D1" collectingDate="1997-07-18" elevation="800" location="Mirnaya river" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount id="A5AED6EE11C7F64948CD313633E66F17" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
<emphasis id="133D313762C2E6C622E618EA661E91ED" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
, lower one third of N slope to
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:85037E055F0831C251BAD16F4C8B9151" name="Mirnaya river">Mirnaya river</location>
<location id="85037E055F0831C251BAD16F4C8B9151" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:85037E055F0831C251BAD16F4C8B9151" name="Mirnaya river">Mirnaya river</location>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="m" value="800.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</elevation>
<quantity id="840D6D73442BC047ADD33926311CDC92" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="m" value="800.0">
<elevation id="078AEDF450FB3E8EEF620DE53662F112" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, floodplain meadow,
<collectedFrom>
<collectedFrom id="7116770E2755CC8AE507D734911CF18D">
on
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saussurea latifolia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="637" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Saussurea latifolia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="647863D7DBE9160EC806642023645D5B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saussurea latifolia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="637" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis id="D817837284E1E427BE50F39D5D19F3D4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Saussurea latifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<collectingDate value="1997-07-18">18.VII.1997</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="57973BBC0E40B9C6C8D55CA72EB4D395" value="1997-07-18">18.VII.1997</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1997-07-18" location="Krestovaya mountain" municipality="Mirnaya river" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="FF613057074FEB4224CBCE9B634A8484" collectingDate="1997-07-18" location="Krestovaya mountain" municipality="Mirnaya river" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="1158CEBAD5C1627CA847AA027BB9CD1B" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="6DF7BC265DCBDE8B26270A7CD85318F6" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<locationDeviation location="Novokuznetsk">
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" unit="km" value="93.0">93 km</quantity>
<locationDeviation id="38D9E3406589C02D69AEF88D070A4D1D" location="Novokuznetsk">
<quantity id="BB90AF18C2AA72CA4108B3FFBECA3A58" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" unit="km" value="93.0">93 km</quantity>
NE Novokuznetsk
</locationDeviation>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:E488E06EA4C0187BF81E0EC50FC2B5EF" municipality="Mirnaya river" name="Krestovaya mountain">Krestovaya mountain</location>
<location id="E488E06EA4C0187BF81E0EC50FC2B5EF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:E488E06EA4C0187BF81E0EC50FC2B5EF" municipality="Mirnaya river" name="Krestovaya mountain">Krestovaya mountain</location>
, N slope,
<collectingMunicipality>Mirnaya river</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="6AB568BB6F85AB1153CA547DA3E9ABF7">Mirnaya river</collectingMunicipality>
, middle stream, floodplain meadow,
<collectingDate value="1997-07-18">18.VII.1997</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="DEB7680C5AC3B590F3E036834064C3B9" value="1997-07-18">18.VII.1997</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1995-07-17" elevation="940" location="Akchelbak mountain" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="AEF4E7BF9E64137EFBAD66CA5258A25A" collectingDate="1995-07-17" elevation="940" location="Akchelbak mountain" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="885382CDC67CE0410A4B5A3CBB07BB01" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<locationDeviation location="Novokuznetsk">
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1199999999999999" unit="km" value="112.0">112 km</quantity>
<locationDeviation id="A4759266040270D64E71DD98086B0954" location="Novokuznetsk">
<quantity id="DDD1C4B5A80490C28E084E090DD527D5" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1199999999999999" unit="km" value="112.0">112 km</quantity>
NE Novokuznetsk
</locationDeviation>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:7075C7F159EC55F4096A4997B5B86AD4" name="Akchelbak mountain">Akchelbak mountain</location>
<location id="7075C7F159EC55F4096A4997B5B86AD4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:7075C7F159EC55F4096A4997B5B86AD4" name="Akchelbak mountain">Akchelbak mountain</location>
, E slope, foothill,
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" unit="m" value="940.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" unit="m" value="940.0">940 m</elevation>
<quantity id="D87D94C8046FA308079C9600B4C54180" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" unit="m" value="940.0">
<elevation id="39B63C7115AFF5B98F10BBEDEF735DF5" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" unit="m" value="940.0">940 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, bog margin,
<collectingDate value="1995-07-17">17.VII.1995</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="91D1217500E2767B0BE9CC913DFE980B" value="1995-07-17">17.VII.1995</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1996-07-22" location="Pestraya mountain" municipality="Veselyi Akchelbak river" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2">
<specimenCount type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="9E86CD2DE33D7CA0FD0BD41AD60D637D" collectingDate="1996-07-22" location="Pestraya mountain" municipality="Veselyi Akchelbak river" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2">
<specimenCount id="535217328F995882E1D32BF19236356A" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<locationDeviation location="Novokuznetsk">
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" unit="km" value="105.0">105 km</quantity>
<locationDeviation id="A241A1658D3F76DEDB2E1D84009367DB" location="Novokuznetsk">
<quantity id="DB09F9157590694091868783530EC037" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" unit="km" value="105.0">105 km</quantity>
NE Novokuznetsk
</locationDeviation>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:65A81A92F983B4BAD2C7DF8BFE2E7179" municipality="Veselyi Akchelbak river" name="Pestraya mountain">Pestraya mountain</location>
<location id="65A81A92F983B4BAD2C7DF8BFE2E7179" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:65A81A92F983B4BAD2C7DF8BFE2E7179" municipality="Veselyi Akchelbak river" name="Pestraya mountain">Pestraya mountain</location>
foothill, NW slope,
<collectingMunicipality>Veselyi Akchelbak river</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="049BC262CDCA7B3F5E1C3B914AFB3953">Veselyi Akchelbak river</collectingMunicipality>
, floodplain tall grass meadow,
<collectedFrom>
<collectedFrom id="7242492DF6870880F9AF1DC8E026F446">
on
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saussurea latifolia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="637" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Saussurea latifolia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="DDC78BD51F9DFDDE61A324B160D9A906" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saussurea latifolia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="637" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis id="A84693042716535E4CFB3949C25C1ABC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Saussurea latifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
buds,
<collectingDate value="1996-07-22">22.VII.1996</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="A1D50931B087C74F9494EE04B80B8773" value="1996-07-22">22.VII.1996</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="DF0593E5F0859C32192DDA23A0901A3A" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="00A239467401255F0B65A53BC4C11BE3" type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
<emphasis id="67661CD4E8DAA14F44A1BB75F2ECE55F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
, N slope,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="m" value="1100.0">
<quantity id="77789F22AA0FD8895C5E4C0ADBE861E3" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="m" value="1100.0">
1100
<normalizedToken originalValue="м">m</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="12E80DE3B1F28ACC94641A084454E858" originalValue="м">m</normalizedToken>
</quantity>
., polydominant subalpine meadow, on
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saussurea latifolia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="637" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Saussurea latifolia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8E70DE6352F77680B281637D314EA18C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saussurea latifolia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="637" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis id="F13422EB46385C90084698CFD140977B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Saussurea latifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
buds, 22 &amp;
<date value="1996-07-23">23.VII.1996</date>
<date id="2F97BD028AD399325781EF6B4BA70EF3" value="1996-07-23">23.VII.1996</date>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1994-07-09" elevation="1260" location="Chemodan mountain" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="F8E63FB7BB25D9AE9228E5ABE5980728" collectingDate="1994-07-09" elevation="1260" location="Chemodan mountain" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="71B5DB8D0D6D78141147782D14C7AE50" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<locationDeviation location="Novokuznetsk">
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.13" unit="km" value="113.0">113 km</quantity>
<locationDeviation id="1C97C6620816C180E4E55C844CCB7CFE" location="Novokuznetsk">
<quantity id="23808C73BFF958FEA7992C31753F0BEF" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.13" unit="km" value="113.0">113 km</quantity>
NE Novokuznetsk
</locationDeviation>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:AD105E9F75AB20F404EC205E01BFDA78" name="Chemodan mountain">Chemodan mountain</location>
<location id="AD105E9F75AB20F404EC205E01BFDA78" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:AD105E9F75AB20F404EC205E01BFDA78" name="Chemodan mountain">Chemodan mountain</location>
, E slope,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.26" unit="m" value="1260.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.26" unit="m" value="1260.0">1260 m</elevation>
<quantity id="191C741476B6ACFAF8E9FC8E40EFF946" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.26" unit="m" value="1260.0">
<elevation id="28021ECCE89B5704AEA74BAD75F5F674" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.26" unit="m" value="1260.0">1260 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, subalpine meadow,
<collectingDate value="1994-07-09">9.VII.1994</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="CF5E20AA243725CB140839B6DF4D7ABA" value="1994-07-09">9.VII.1994</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1994-07-20" elevation="850" location="Kedrovyi" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="B1223C1A8CE0BB77CFA9F2F9564582A0" collectingDate="1994-07-20" elevation="850" location="Kedrovyi" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount id="D73F40132E06D545290CAA54889CC18A" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
<emphasis id="971C222400EB400D68B473FBF9D296FF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
, W slope, foothills,
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" unit="m" value="850.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" unit="m" value="850.0">850 m</elevation>
<quantity id="97FE802999EC846A3E88DA51568110C6" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" unit="m" value="850.0">
<elevation id="6EAFDCD018EDBCE76D87BB332B084526" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" unit="m" value="850.0">850 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:F2509C5BD55F487857D30B3A896741AE" name="Kedrovyi">Kedrovyi</location>
<location id="F2509C5BD55F487857D30B3A896741AE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:F2509C5BD55F487857D30B3A896741AE" name="Kedrovyi">Kedrovyi</location>
spring, floodplain meadow,
<collectingDate value="1994-07-20">20.VII.1994</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="8473580FBBDD3FFDABD2CA973B1252CC" value="1994-07-20">20.VII.1994</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="D38E5024FCC66DB565918E690FEF5A73" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
<emphasis id="38ACFB75BF71969EDE4E734F6D6040C1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
, S slope, subalpine meadow, on
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saussurea latifolia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="637" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Saussurea latifolia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="62118589BBEDE164E619E69CD22CADEF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saussurea latifolia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="637" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis id="18E1A331F537A8FCA92E98689435E3CA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Saussurea latifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date value="1995-08-02">2.VIII.1995</date>
<date id="937E8E26094D154ED0BB0CBDE85CB210" value="1995-08-02">2.VIII.1995</date>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1996-07-19" elevation="850" location="Kedrovyi" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2">
<specimenCount type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="B780E0EAC6573E8B021F10A57A28DEB1" collectingDate="1996-07-19" elevation="850" location="Kedrovyi" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2">
<specimenCount id="0007D4BAB7DD75C97267FFA5570D3132" type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
<emphasis id="3A47CBF4A940DCE4F0BF15FFE3F7FBA6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
, W slope, pediment,
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" unit="m" value="850.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" unit="m" value="850.0">850 m</elevation>
<quantity id="937B0F72BEA8FDC4C01E7D65EC0DF446" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" unit="m" value="850.0">
<elevation id="16E9A02736811049F88F8DD2B0D60793" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" unit="m" value="850.0">850 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, valley of
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:0B537A41A9894E817F50CA9058DD042D" name="Kedrovyi">Kedrovyi</location>
<location id="0B537A41A9894E817F50CA9058DD042D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:0B537A41A9894E817F50CA9058DD042D" name="Kedrovyi">Kedrovyi</location>
spring,
<collectedFrom>
<collectedFrom id="0BF18B697C8420063A304D62F9467263">
on
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saussurea latifolia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="637" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Saussurea latifolia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7BD4C9C3C1C33E4FC034E0644253D9C0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saussurea latifolia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="637" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis id="7C470E163AE5894A3042096F5FB5B334" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Saussurea latifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
, 7,
<collectingDate value="1996-07-19">19.VII.1996</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="9F06B6F309AF0E2E550E1E8C353AE7E4" value="1996-07-19">19.VII.1996</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="6E37A3F872FFD2A7202967662F46083F" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
<emphasis id="EC337FE1D69348F1B9FA64D0A03D92F3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.16" unit="m" value="1160.0">1160 m</quantity>
<quantity id="EAD62C0C688A3D5EB852BECA2D0A73A6" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.16" unit="m" value="1160.0">1160 m</quantity>
, sualpine grass meadow,
<date value="1996-07-20">20.VII.1996</date>
<date id="E8D1F00B1B5523F25BB99928EE35B6CA" value="1996-07-20">20.VII.1996</date>
;
<specimenCount type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="19CCC64CD9E6181F1AF4E6FA0760223C" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
<emphasis id="BCE64DE5E6AAC1C3DEE3E59110F9FEC5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
, NW part, polydominant subalpine meadow,
<date value="1996-08-20">20.VIII.1996</date>
<date id="C303AD03DE21DB99B3939D80204F86E1" value="1996-08-20">20.VIII.1996</date>
;
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="875F1E745AC93628A2ED6A6720EC17FE" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
<emphasis id="2007A61F6EDA6CBF5530AAFF93DBD09D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.16" unit="m" value="1160.0">1160 m</quantity>
<quantity id="64062DE0F0DCD33AEF49336886245286" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.16" unit="m" value="1160.0">1160 m</quantity>
, polydominant subalpine meadow,
<date value="1997-07-28">28.VII.1997</date>
<date id="015F9356DE5A762BC40B63283B6AAB95" value="1997-07-28">28.VII.1997</date>
;
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="A62B8CE820B584025D256A4137915374" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
<emphasis id="CC3B33CEEAABE769CBFE5F22CD11EE9F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
, on
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saussurea latifolia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="637" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Saussurea latifolia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="39332D269420B13A71C851A066CA1D04" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saussurea latifolia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="637" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis id="53E77D39FA02BCF336F4EBD4ED893499" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Saussurea latifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date value="2000-07-15">15.VII.2000</date>
<date id="59457FC0B0C34CCD8BAE326D582A8724" value="2000-07-15">15.VII.2000</date>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1995-07-16" collectorName="L. Gorshkova" location="Nizhnyaya Ters river" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="ECBEF58E6F5B0F6FAB08D61FB7B13CF6" collectingDate="1995-07-16" collectorName="L. Gorshkova" location="Nizhnyaya Ters river" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="ED1B5C5F91F9CE40194E0BF91F949F59" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<locationDeviation location="Novokuznetsk">
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" unit="km" value="119.0">119 km</quantity>
<locationDeviation id="E1A330C935A7A88D6D64EE36BAACEFA1" location="Novokuznetsk">
<quantity id="C361107B15DDDE8CB481E48D3D66BA9C" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" unit="km" value="119.0">119 km</quantity>
NE Novokuznetsk
</locationDeviation>
, upper stream of
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:D2D9E83D8A468C32471D382DE86F73F0" name="Nizhnyaya Ters river">Nizhnyaya Ters river</location>
<location id="D2D9E83D8A468C32471D382DE86F73F0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:D2D9E83D8A468C32471D382DE86F73F0" name="Nizhnyaya Ters river">Nizhnyaya Ters river</location>
, tall grass meadow,
<collectingDate value="1995-07-16">16.VII.1995</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="F464FC7D07641B6AD47C0CCE0CE1EEEF" value="1995-07-16">16.VII.1995</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName>L. Gorshkova</collectorName>
<collectorName id="E9E835F0D03229EEC9EE569291ED59A3">L. Gorshkova</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1996-07-16" elevation="1000" location="Zayachya mountain" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="5BA0AD628DDA9F5563BF277EBD7C9693" collectingDate="1996-07-16" elevation="1000" location="Zayachya mountain" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount id="95C402619B19AC49B71C212A793F8ED8" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
<emphasis id="9047AFB3E0D262A740B36509F18769E1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:38DFE05207539C4D2CDD0D286C759446" name="Zayachya mountain">Zayachya mountain</location>
<location id="38DFE05207539C4D2CDD0D286C759446" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:38DFE05207539C4D2CDD0D286C759446" name="Zayachya mountain">Zayachya mountain</location>
, S slope,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="1000.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</elevation>
<quantity id="84CF814EEC8CBD8324EB40D8064A47C7" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="1000.0">
<elevation id="C33D71A83F0295E5013C315AD1D40EF6" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, tall grass subalpine meadow,
<collectingDate value="1996-07-16">16.VII.1996</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="943DEED0669FDAE24683DF1B71E98B15" value="1996-07-16">16.VII.1996</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-01-01" collectingDateMax="2020-12-31" collectingDateMin="2020-01-01" location="Republic of Khakassia" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:6F3B1E5A4BAF6B09A8797FDD287ACC57" name="Republic of Khakassia">Republic of Khakassia</location>
<materialsCitation id="21F973B458CC9252B7E0BF044A745359" collectingDate="2020-01-01" collectingDateMax="2020-12-31" collectingDateMin="2020-01-01" location="Republic of Khakassia" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="4CEBC999A156583A7F5F289DEECD4604" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">
<location id="6F3B1E5A4BAF6B09A8797FDD287ACC57" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:6F3B1E5A4BAF6B09A8797FDD287ACC57" name="Republic of Khakassia">Republic of Khakassia</location>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
:
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1992-07-24" county="Spasskii" elevation="1300" location="Shirinskii Raion" municipality="Chernyi Iyus river" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="78BFAE0C0EEC19C95B9BE78DE3DAAD9A" collectingDate="1992-07-24" county="Spasskii" elevation="1300" location="Shirinskii Raion" municipality="Chernyi Iyus river" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="CA39E434EAF5A9152C343FD5F6F1FB84" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="94D7DD826923BA360A08CE8FDBE17B60" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:1DC028493D449B15796900C41450DD4C" county="Spasskii" municipality="Chernyi Iyus river" name="Shirinskii Raion">Shirinskii Raion</location>
<location id="1DC028493D449B15796900C41450DD4C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:1DC028493D449B15796900C41450DD4C" county="Spasskii" municipality="Chernyi Iyus river" name="Shirinskii Raion">Shirinskii Raion</location>
, basin of
<collectingMunicipality>Chernyi Iyus river</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="4416F0F123AD10A28E560BD90D4E4F60">Chernyi Iyus river</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty>Spasskii</collectingCounty>
<collectingCounty id="18D54AA50D49B472C5844A6C77B54FA8">Spasskii</collectingCounty>
stones, N slope,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" unit="m" value="1300.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" unit="m" value="1300.0">1300 m</elevation>
<quantity id="ED5890870BD39F24C0255946E1815650" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" unit="m" value="1300.0">
<elevation id="AF280FF76380AC586DFDD0915FC18CE9" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" unit="m" value="1300.0">1300 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, subalpine meadow, 16 &amp;
<collectingDate value="1992-07-24">24.VII.1992</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="994EB1AA18F6A0957F9CB06D32B03EA7" value="1992-07-24">24.VII.1992</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<specimenCount type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="6369BB8E9B9C1771C911691249F67BD2" type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
<emphasis id="0FFB9D354279FA147A97332F3C14B7D0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
,
<date value="1993-07-24">24.VII.1993</date>
<date id="424667F6E2390F3E2F90FFBA96A8DF40" value="1993-07-24">24.VII.1993</date>
, S.A. Krivets leg.;
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="F946BCDE653CC4758D2972B4AD3CA1AE" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
<emphasis id="53C3DAA5A64398B74EAD50D2F1E1BB9B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
,
<date value="1993-07-06">6.VII.1993</date>
<date id="2DC7CC94B4E8E54F91B13D8DF79268BE" value="1993-07-06">6.VII.1993</date>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1999-07-12" elevation="1110" location="Cheremnykh mountain" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="1B03D0DCB9E74AF129221975A18E3FB8" collectingDate="1999-07-12" elevation="1110" location="Cheremnykh mountain" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="BE536AA082BF057B0D1605B413C729CB" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<locationDeviation location="Kommunar village">
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" unit="km" value="16.0">16 km</quantity>
<locationDeviation id="0CF3A3E1DB255EE4FF17D1C39E0FED3F" location="Kommunar village">
<quantity id="66403C082BD57C3AEE2B5F99008B1EFF" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" unit="km" value="16.0">16 km</quantity>
S of Kommunar village
</locationDeviation>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:F60521CD484E9BC0E575E943EA2F7707" name="Cheremnykh mountain">Cheremnykh mountain</location>
<location id="F60521CD484E9BC0E575E943EA2F7707" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41440265B42156A68C90B78D9AC72F42:F60521CD484E9BC0E575E943EA2F7707" name="Cheremnykh mountain">Cheremnykh mountain</location>
, SE slope,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1099999999999999" unit="m" value="1110.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1099999999999999" unit="m" value="1110.0">1110 m</elevation>
<quantity id="5510C12B20BBD3AA3CF92462956837F2" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1099999999999999" unit="m" value="1110.0">
<elevation id="74233CCDDB4A02FBA01AA89C9159A93E" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1099999999999999" unit="m" value="1110.0">1110 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, new road,
<collectedFrom>
<collectedFrom id="494018A35AD05273D969C70F5878B373">
on
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Cirsium" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cirsium heterophyllum" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="637" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Cirsium heterophyllum</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0A5479F8B29E9933E6CD08A963F6349E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Cirsium" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cirsium heterophyllum" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="637" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllum">
<emphasis id="C6602A352E82D5CBBCF41FA282EF0EE1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Cirsium heterophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<collectingDate value="1999-07-12">12.VII.1999</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="5B833A647EC47AB0A42A98FE834E4B75" value="1999-07-12">12.VII.1999</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="72FBCE3B703486D0C572AF61892048BC" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
<emphasis id="2CA663DE4FFA1C82C566D17AF0B7F88E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">ibidem</emphasis>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.39" unit="m" value="1390.0">1390 m</quantity>
<quantity id="EE23BF580C5305B9CBE304466EF6445B" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.39" unit="m" value="1390.0">1390 m</quantity>
, fragment of subalpine meadow at margin of stony loose rock, on
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saussurea latifolia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="637" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Saussurea latifolia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="88ABF808E14E8E9FE95F8CC6C73138A4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saussurea latifolia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="637" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis id="55841BC41ED048547A14396F6ECF2E92" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Saussurea latifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date value="1999-07-13">13.VII.1999</date>
<date id="EC79AAC364D50117415DD6F0B36F59F5" value="1999-07-13">13.VII.1999</date>
;
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="738F1ACDED1136A5A589928B9C7EF3AD" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
, ibidem,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.24" unit="m" value="1240.0">1240 m</quantity>
<quantity id="D1A4BA9BDE4650FD90A24D6D02D6F895" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.24" unit="m" value="1240.0">1240 m</quantity>
, grassy subalpine meadow, on
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Cirsium" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cirsium heterophyllum" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="637" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Cirsium heterophyllum</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FA61F9202DF598E9454DF0B7354F64C6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Cirsium" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cirsium heterophyllum" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="637" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllum">
<emphasis id="23840EECD10232429906F8B81E2C9A9D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Cirsium heterophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date value="1999-07-14">14.VII.1999</date>
<date id="DC16E07B207028AFD4B14114D11006AB" value="1999-07-14">14.VII.1999</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="637" type="trophic relations">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Trophic relations.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="637">
<subSubSection id="06EB065D51896A5C354D2943A1856CCB" pageId="0" pageNumber="637" type="trophic relations">
<paragraph id="1230768B2E22EA299D8D8E2EE7846112" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Trophic relations.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C577EB9DE5A0D6D3662AA29562501694" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">
Imagos of the species were collected from
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saussurea latifolia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="637" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Saussurea latifolia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F47C4026A05FE79AF2450BFAA4B28AD1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saussurea latifolia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="637" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis id="215A4FA9CF57D4C6408B2B43243981C7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Saussurea latifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, usually possessing leaf-mines, but rearing from the latter was not successful.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="637" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Only recorded from mountains of southern Siberia.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="2290BF35DBE44069D812EAE9A6980474" pageId="0" pageNumber="637" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="207E22E02C31B1072942E3F6CAE0A015" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2065CB0017110A50512D2FCF905DE5A1" pageId="0" pageNumber="637">Only recorded from mountains of southern Siberia.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -1,68 +1,68 @@
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<paragraph id="4C358B38ABDA5C710112254127F07422" pageId="24" pageNumber="35">Taxon classification Animalia Isopoda Microparasellidae</paragraph>
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Synonymy: Karaman 1934: 44.-Wolff 1962: 35.-Coineau 1986: 465.-Kensley and Schotte 1989: 90.-Wilson and
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1994: 720.
@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ long as wide, somites all subsimilar in width, head with acute or narrowly round
<paragraph id="175CF88A98901C800E50FA60951772F6" pageId="25" pageNumber="36">Remarks.</paragraph>
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The family
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was ambiguously established by
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without formally stating family name anywhere in that publication. On the same occasion, the author described two new species of
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, and without providing the name of the new family. One year later,
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formally proposed the family name
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for the new family, also giving a family diagnosis and assigned two genera to the family: the then monotypic
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Karaman, 1933 (

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<taxonomicName authority="Valkanov, 1937" authorityName="Valkanov" authorityYear="1937" family="Chaetonotidae" genus="Chaetonotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetonotus ((Primochaetus)) acanthocephalus" order="Chaetonotida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="acanthocephalus" subGenus="(Primochaetus)">Chaetonotus (Primochaetus) acanthocephalus Valkanov, 1937</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="66A15EC06D8864C6E189A4F3678D27C3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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Fig. 3Table 3
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName family="Chaetonotidae" genus="Chaetonotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetonotus acanthocephalus" order="Chaetonotida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="acanthocephalus">Chaetonotus acanthocephalus</taxonomicName>
<subSubSection id="249DC930A35BD02DCE7B9B92E3694BE3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="5D9BA8CF6707E1FDF2FFD4D6D7515F54" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName id="4AA375A85C890B216E19A3EF08CF65D5" family="Chaetonotidae" genus="Chaetonotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetonotus acanthocephalus" order="Chaetonotida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="acanthocephalus">Chaetonotus acanthocephalus</taxonomicName>
-
<bibRefCitation author="Kisielewski, J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 168" title="Inland-water Gastrotricha from Brazil." volume="43" year="1991">Kisielewski (1981; 1991:54, Figs 65-68, Tab. 22)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="002D5F77D81E396871E7A6F7F2AF5837" author="Kisielewski, J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 168" title="Inland-water Gastrotricha from Brazil." volume="43" year="1991">Kisielewski (1981; 1991:54, Figs 65-68, Tab. 22)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Hummon, WD" journalOrPublisher="Biological Bulletin" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" title="Synopsis of the described Chaetonotida of the world" url="http://hummo-nas.biosci.ohiou.edu/" year="2007">Hummon (2007: 5)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="54B157F7B5F130C60878C8B987BA0E05" author="Hummon, WD" journalOrPublisher="Biological Bulletin" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" title="Synopsis of the described Chaetonotida of the world" url="http://hummo-nas.biosci.ohiou.edu/" year="2007">Hummon (2007: 5)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Balsamo, M" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 19" title="Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on freshwater Gastrotricha" volume="2158" year="2009">Balsamo et al. (2009: 12, Appendix 1)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="37EE93709E6774F2F070F72FB7FE91AB" author="Balsamo, M" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 19" title="Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on freshwater Gastrotricha" volume="2158" year="2009">Balsamo et al. (2009: 12, Appendix 1)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="material">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Água">Agua</normalizedToken>
<subSubSection id="A61D885B319E0F55201AA7890FC1076B" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="material">
<paragraph id="1C255B144F1EEE4B73EBB4D04533842C" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B1B9E2A9EEC1DABC4D846617C9CA711C" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<normalizedToken id="EDF7F49A51B8B77A12383A8658AD4526" originalValue="Água">Agua</normalizedToken>
Limpa: 2 specimens, Soberbo: 1 specimens, Preto River: 5 specimens.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<subSubSection id="3E6BB3B13FCC4102281BA946B4575921" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
<paragraph id="2EBDDE46033B4A2F6764CF7198D33D26" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE164C02564A029AE5E357CF22D3CC36" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
The description is based on an adult specimen, 236
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="68987F538944AAAAB6509BE40985CE54" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
in total length. Head with three lobes and a one pair of ciliary tufts. Five peculiar cephalic scales with long spines present on the head. Two ventral plates at the sides of the hypostomion. Pharynx 65
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="FB73CA1E6C76C90E0043BA6D41F93D40" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
in length from the posterior edge of the mouth to the pharyngo-intestinal junction that is at U27. The general long-spine distribution pattern shows two pairs of conspicuous lateral neck spines. Two pairs of long lateral spines at the furcal base.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="78A013ABA5D28FAA56F0423C25B5C1B8" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/78A013ABA5D28FAA56F0423C25B5C1B8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<caption id="78A013ABA5D28FAA56F0423C25B5C1B8" ID-Table-UUID="78A013ABA5D28FAA56F0423C25B5C1B8" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/78A013ABA5D28FAA56F0423C25B5C1B8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<paragraph id="0AB6EB2262248AC907BC963887BF1C6C" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Table 3. Morphometrical features of
<taxonomicName family="Chaetonotidae" genus="Chaetonotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetonotus acanthocephalus" order="Chaetonotida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="acanthocephalus">Chaetonotus acanthocephalus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="986BD3B3CF588722EE0E3BD6E41F5F7A" family="Chaetonotidae" genus="Chaetonotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetonotus acanthocephalus" order="Chaetonotida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="acanthocephalus">Chaetonotus acanthocephalus</taxonomicName>
. N= number of specimens measured.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<table pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan="1">Features</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan="1">Range</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan="1">N</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan="1">Literature data from Brazil</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan="1">Literature data from Europe</th>
<paragraph id="E7170FB159056DF2366012A32B0111EC" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<table id="7BC8A3EC5FFF03EABE821CBC85FA4C65" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<tr id="D2CB953A081B11839E13219BC49969A1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="194E01ADA13662A1D327147EF45A1E7D" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan="1">Features</th>
<th id="1B697F7DB50A529B2BB8959B98513DDE" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan="1">Range</th>
<th id="17B5AAE270D7EB4B39F7611332C15B6F" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan="1">N</th>
<th id="567D4F01751A97C8568FA19A694B04DF" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan="1">Literature data from Brazil</th>
<th id="552C7AE2087F80E8AE716059A5DDFDF1" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan="1">Literature data from Europe</th>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<bibRefCitation author="Kisielewski, J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 168" title="Inland-water Gastrotricha from Brazil." volume="43" year="1991">Kisielewski (1991)</bibRefCitation>
<subSubSection id="E7AEFF792C09501C9106EC610B52D958" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="B4C7C3C4456C959503EA46B512C3CB6F" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B25C9BFA54994EC6E105DFE26697D3C3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<bibRefCitation id="86AB90D8E9834A3704273432D0369A6B" author="Kisielewski, J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 168" title="Inland-water Gastrotricha from Brazil." volume="43" year="1991">Kisielewski (1991)</bibRefCitation>
reported three distinct morphotypes of
<taxonomicName family="Chaetonotidae" genus="Chaetonotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetonotus acanthocephalus" order="Chaetonotida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="acanthocephalus">Chaetonotus acanthocephalus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="F387C3F24F1265AA4D16136F4D819E3D" family="Chaetonotidae" genus="Chaetonotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetonotus acanthocephalus" order="Chaetonotida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="acanthocephalus">Chaetonotus acanthocephalus</taxonomicName>
in Brazilian inland waters:two of them were collected in
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="893B7748E969FF0FFDC8DDA507930A7A" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Carlos city and one in
<normalizedToken originalValue="Juréia">Jureia</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="20D5969EC7CCFD44758C0BBF7F2F6BB0" originalValue="Juréia">Jureia</normalizedToken>
Reserve. Our specimens appear to be close to one of the morphotypes found in
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="0E01C4B5604B7085CCAEFA56ACD8C9CF" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Carlos due to the presence of two pairs of long spines at the furcal base, and the peculiar transversal row of trunk spines (
<bibRefCitation author="Kisielewski, J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 168" title="Inland-water Gastrotricha from Brazil." volume="43" year="1991">Kisielewski 1991:54, Figs 65-66</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="B0715E28A052E3967B07A139A2F290D4" author="Kisielewski, J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 168" title="Inland-water Gastrotricha from Brazil." volume="43" year="1991">Kisielewski 1991:54, Figs 65-66</bibRefCitation>
). However, the body length, width and the posterior spines of the Diamantina specimens are larger than those observed from
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="FDA372AF83FE4BC681D51DA077AD474F" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Carlos (Table 3).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<subSubSection id="58BD3525BCCF54F726965AF6FF75FD62" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="529414F25124D4725F2BB04D86F59765" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D3FFDAA568C88FC7B0D6FB3BD89CCE21" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Brazil: Diamantina (Minas Gerais State);
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="D4C9685B9CDF7036DE044EEC8FA6D787" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Carlos (
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="85CC7679226DBF11A408E05B1CF2BC67" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Paulo State),
<normalizedToken originalValue="Juréia">Jureia</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="B46A6A9A39553759E152E6485D56DA01" originalValue="Juréia">Jureia</normalizedToken>
Reserve (
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="FA03617904E871C4142F7FCD72D091D3" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Paulo State),
<normalizedToken originalValue="Corumbá">Corumba</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="EBE661CC82EE011B906DA885E9609EAB" originalValue="Corumbá">Corumba</normalizedToken>
(Mato Grosso do Sul State); Poland: Lake Piaseczno; Germany; Bulgaria.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

View file

@ -1,125 +1,125 @@
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<mods:affiliation id="BC15DEC0CBB3597E91F222F9D88138B2">State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Centre for Research and Education on Biological Evolution and Environment and Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Das, Ranajit</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore- 575018, India</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Saez, Federico Oloriz</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Departamento de Estratigrafia y Paleontologia, Fac. Ciencias, Univ. Granada, Severo Ochoa s / n, Spain</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePart id="3A8D4B8AB5B638A80D95E8832DFED331">Saez, Federico Oloriz</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C66A87F2CE56E3A2939CCB3788221058">Departamento de Estratigrafia y Paleontologia, Fac. Ciencias, Univ. Granada, Severo Ochoa s / n, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="193856288" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:414F88FF20FA52DE9DF8B18C2AEB588C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/414F88FF20FA52DE9DF8B18C2AEB588C" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="414F88FF-20FA-52DE-9DF8-B18C2AEB588C" authority="sp." authorityName="sp." class="Cephalopoda" family="Haploceratidae" genus="Haploceras" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haploceras" order="Ammonoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Haploceras sp.</taxonomicName>
<treatment id="414F88FF20FA52DE9DF8B18C2AEB588C" ID-GBIF-Taxon="193856288" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:414F88FF20FA52DE9DF8B18C2AEB588C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/414F88FF20FA52DE9DF8B18C2AEB588C" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Haploceratidae" scope_infraClass="Lower" scope_order="Ammonoidea" scope_subOrder="Ammonitina" scope_superFamily="Haploceratoidea">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A-G, L-N. Haploceras staszycii (Zeuschner, 1846). A. KSKV 2019 Jara / 63, left side view of phragmocone, note well preserved suture lines; B, C. KSKV 2019 Jara / 64; B. Left side view of phragmocone; C. Apertural view showing broken aperture along a septum; D. KSKV 2019 Jara / 66, apertural view; E. KSKV 2019 Jara / 69, apertural view showing broken surface along a septum; F, G. KSKV 2019 Jara / 62; F. Left side view of phragmocone, note well preserved suture lines; G. Apertural view; L-N. KSKV 2019 Jara / 61; L. Right side view of phragmocone; M. Apertural view; N. Outline of whorl-section; H-K, O. Haploceras sp.; H, O. KSKV 2019 Jara / 65; H. Apertural view along a broken surface of phragmocone; O. Right side view showing phragmocone and a part of body chamber; I-K. KSKV 2019 Jara / 67; I. Vental view; J. Apertural view; K. Left side view of body chamber; P-T. Hildoglochiceras kobelliforme (Bonarelli, 1894) (m); P-S. KSKV 2019 Jara / 1, inner cast with epigenized shell preserved; P. Right side view of moderately evolute specimen (U ≈ H), with subtle uncoiled outer whorl (probable adult), body chamber 180 ° with peristomal vestige (dorsal branch on inner cast?); Q. Suture lines at the end of phragmocone, note increased density at the end of phragmocone; R. Apertural view, note epigenized shell clearly identifiable on the ventral region; S. Oval whorl section with narrow venter, wide lateral groove on the body chamber; T. KSKV 2019 Jara / 2. inner cast, left-side view of nearly complete adult specimen with clear final uncoiling, partial preservation of epigenized shell, ca. 180 ° of preserved body chamber on inner cast of comparatively fine-to-medium sandstone." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.96.73892.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/652782" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 6H-K, O</figureCitation>
<subSubSection id="428940888230F01F14144DD86AD63456" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="1A1E7A8A2FA1AFDE44989A9F764CCEAB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation id="0F67CE198F040C49C821F8C8804D8728" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A-G, L-N. Haploceras staszycii (Zeuschner, 1846). A. KSKV 2019 Jara / 63, left side view of phragmocone, note well preserved suture lines; B, C. KSKV 2019 Jara / 64; B. Left side view of phragmocone; C. Apertural view showing broken aperture along a septum; D. KSKV 2019 Jara / 66, apertural view; E. KSKV 2019 Jara / 69, apertural view showing broken surface along a septum; F, G. KSKV 2019 Jara / 62; F. Left side view of phragmocone, note well preserved suture lines; G. Apertural view; L-N. KSKV 2019 Jara / 61; L. Right side view of phragmocone; M. Apertural view; N. Outline of whorl-section; H-K, O. Haploceras sp.; H, O. KSKV 2019 Jara / 65; H. Apertural view along a broken surface of phragmocone; O. Right side view showing phragmocone and a part of body chamber; I-K. KSKV 2019 Jara / 67; I. Vental view; J. Apertural view; K. Left side view of body chamber; P-T. Hildoglochiceras kobelliforme (Bonarelli, 1894) (m); P-S. KSKV 2019 Jara / 1, inner cast with epigenized shell preserved; P. Right side view of moderately evolute specimen (U ≈ H), with subtle uncoiled outer whorl (probable adult), body chamber 180 ° with peristomal vestige (dorsal branch on inner cast?); Q. Suture lines at the end of phragmocone, note increased density at the end of phragmocone; R. Apertural view, note epigenized shell clearly identifiable on the ventral region; S. Oval whorl section with narrow venter, wide lateral groove on the body chamber; T. KSKV 2019 Jara / 2. inner cast, left-side view of nearly complete adult specimen with clear final uncoiling, partial preservation of epigenized shell, ca. 180 ° of preserved body chamber on inner cast of comparatively fine-to-medium sandstone." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.96.73892.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/652782" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 6H-K, O</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="59F83FA5A68375578EB643E2A213EBEB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="FD445707417DF42514D009B2888F06F8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="01E5164A5D0B6B023B7E7573F129B23A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Two specimens,
<taxonomicName authority="Spath, 1924" authorityName="Spath" authorityYear="1924" class="Cephalopoda" family="Oppeliidae" genus="Hildoglochiceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hildoglochiceras" order="Ammonoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Hildoglochiceras</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="2609780866B47021EA269CA2664DD9D1" authorityName="Spath" authorityYear="1924" family="Oppeliidae" genus="Hildoglochiceras" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hildoglochiceras" order="Ammonoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">Hildoglochiceras</taxonomicName>
Bed of Jara Dome (Lower Tithonian); KSKV2019Jara/65, 67 (both figured).
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shell small, incomplete, compressed, involute subquadrangular whorl section with almost flat to slightly arched lateral surface, slightly arched ventral region, indistinct umbilical shoulder and short, steeply sloping umbilical wall.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="8F41A64BFB73D8AA09DB159824C9D098" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="3B065AA3E61151020E6BC05A1760698E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C8F385FCA61B979FA6B4DEA067E52C75" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shell small, incomplete, compressed, involute subquadrangular whorl section with almost flat to slightly arched lateral surface, slightly arched ventral region, indistinct umbilical shoulder and short, steeply sloping umbilical wall.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="B56A08B18A864FD6CE58EF0BA554A582" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="32836C592C482BE90AD01FEAC633D2DE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DDC1DB5D13A58597D5DC005F24297461" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
These are moderately preserved, small specimens that show abraded external surfaces. Specimen no. KSKV2019Jara/65 consists of the phragmocone and body chamber, whereas specimen no. KSKV2019Jara/67 is only a part of the body chamber. Except for the umbilical diameter, which is larger in the present specimen, other dimensional proportions are within the range of variation in
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Zeuschner" baseAuthorityYear="1846" class="Cephalopoda" family="Haploceratidae" genus="Haploceras" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haploceras staszycii" order="Ammonoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="staszycii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Haploceras staszycii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D80C30197307081E1744F0E39F47E65A" baseAuthorityName="Zeuschner" baseAuthorityYear="1846" family="Haploceratidae" genus="Haploceras" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haploceras staszycii" order="Ammonoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="staszycii">
<emphasis id="911CC821D9089424B2B4E07D08DBD4DE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Haploceras staszycii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Zeuschner) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Scatter plot showing D: H / T ratios of some related species of Haploceras." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.96.73892.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/652783" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="6736220D0F1A323C76CEBE8F4CF6847A" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Scatter plot showing D: H / T ratios of some related species of Haploceras." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.96.73892.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/652783" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7</figureCitation>
), however, the subquadrangular whorl section and the umbilical diameter do not match any of the specimens of the present collection nor the species of
<taxonomicName class="Cephalopoda" family="Haploceratidae" genus="Haploceras" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haploceras" order="Ammonoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Haploceras</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="478216E24DD7B9BB40F1B7B1B24C3190" family="Haploceratidae" genus="Haploceras" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haploceras" order="Ammonoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="52BA49C9D884FC5E8B6336712AD6AF7A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Haploceras</emphasis>
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described by Waagen and Collignon, most probably due to their small size.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="biostratigraphy">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Biostratigraphy.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="25581C29CE7B6ED2E1AA9549DC599EAA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="biostratigraphy">
<paragraph id="2E7FE3B2D4FA29B4F472668A658E56EF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Biostratigraphy.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="931844C566D419AF1943D7ADA9995C97" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The genus
<taxonomicName class="Cephalopoda" family="Haploceratidae" genus="Haploceras" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haploceras" order="Ammonoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Haploceras</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="55A7CE0DEB986D5E27426FC05CDD201B" family="Haploceratidae" genus="Haploceras" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haploceras" order="Ammonoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06030F3F2417A197026E9970134E2994" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Haploceras</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shows a long biostratigraphic range from the latest Kimmeridgian to Early Berriasian. The interpreted age of the described specimen is Early Tithonian (three-fold division), in accordance with the biostratigraphic interpretation of described
<taxonomicName authority="Spath, 1924" authorityName="Spath" authorityYear="1924" class="Cephalopoda" family="Oppeliidae" genus="Hildoglochiceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hildoglochiceras" order="Ammonoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hildoglochiceras</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F492FC0E1A217BEA515D6FBDC5A75A5C" authorityName="Spath" authorityYear="1924" family="Oppeliidae" genus="Hildoglochiceras" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hildoglochiceras" order="Ammonoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C0F6710296A73F836260182952004C1E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hildoglochiceras</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aulacosphinctoides</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6F4A1F255F9043551C50920BE86324A6" authorityName="Spath" authorityYear="1923" family="Perisphinctidae" genus="Aulacosphinctoides" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulacosphinctoides" order="Ammonoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D8A0C706ABB503E999AA33BB7AEFDD6C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aulacosphinctoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and an incomplete virgatosphinctin.
</paragraph>

View file

@ -1,60 +1,60 @@
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@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ Chapuis, 1876: 100
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@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ Fairmaire, 1879: 113
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@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ Fairmaire, 1879: 113
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<emphasis id="FB8E49523F55E54A70B4C22BFEFC4197" box="[172,309,365,389]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Sphaerarthra</emphasis>
Weise, 1896: 396
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@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ Weise, 1896: 396
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Weise, 1896: 392
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@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ Weise, 1896: 392
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Csiki, 1953: 131
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@ -438,7 +438,7 @@ under five different names in
the
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of his new genus,
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View file

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<mods:title id="BDB748B3048F91C3DF5533C823DD4C95">The Baetidae (Ephemeroptera) of the Comoros and Mayotte</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Kaltenbach, Thomas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Mary, Nathalie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Gattolliat, Jean-Luc</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Museum of Zoology, Palais de Rumine, Place Riponne 6, CH- 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland &amp; University of Lausanne (UNIL), Department of Ecology and Evolution, CH- 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="9458CFECF73E29E94FC04A96DC068831">Museum of Zoology, Palais de Rumine, Place Riponne 6, CH- 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland &amp; University of Lausanne (UNIL), Department of Ecology and Evolution, CH- 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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6.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Nymphs, habitus: a Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov. b Potamocloeon (A.) freitagae." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586012" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Figures 10a</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a labrum b right mandible c right prostheca d left mandible e left prostheca f hypopharynx and superlinguae g maxilla h labium i apex of paraglossa. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586013" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">, 11</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a foreleg b seta at dorsal margin of femur c fore claw d tergum IV e gill IV f paraproct g metanotum (left side), with hind protopteron (mature nymph) h gills I, II, III, IV (top to down). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586014" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">, 12</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Distribution of Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., Potamocloeon (A.) freitagae and Procloeon (O.) cylindroculum in the Comoros Archipelago." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586015" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">, 13</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="092A8921BCE5DA2DCB147F0F9B734704" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Nymphs, habitus: a Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov. b Potamocloeon (A.) freitagae." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586012" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Figures 10a</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="9A92B93BF8D5254BDB38BA4322BEA1D2" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a labrum b right mandible c right prostheca d left mandible e left prostheca f hypopharynx and superlinguae g maxilla h labium i apex of paraglossa. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586013" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">, 11</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="FE56609B91D41065974ECEF4E16506FA" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a foreleg b seta at dorsal margin of femur c fore claw d tergum IV e gill IV f paraproct g metanotum (left side), with hind protopteron (mature nymph) h gills I, II, III, IV (top to down). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586014" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">, 12</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="88334C11EB00E68390FAB9557B012801" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Distribution of Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., Potamocloeon (A.) freitagae and Procloeon (O.) cylindroculum in the Comoros Archipelago." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586015" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">, 13</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Nymph.</emphasis>
Following combination of characters: A) labrum on dorsal surface with ca. six stout, simple setae in distal half; B) right mandible with medium, stout setae between prostheca and mola; left mandible with minute denticles between prostheca and mola; C) labial palp segment II without distomedial protuberance; segment III slightly pentagonal; D) fore femur rather broad, length ca. 3
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<paragraph id="DA09EE95F9F4B133437E37DB6FC7161F" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="E13AC11A5649C69422041E67F7984A9F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Nymph.</emphasis>
Following combination of characters: A) labrum on dorsal surface with ca. six stout, simple setae in distal half; B) right mandible with medium, stout setae between prostheca and mola; left mandible with minute denticles between prostheca and mola; C) labial palp segment II without distomedial protuberance; segment III slightly pentagonal; D) fore femur rather broad, length ca. 3
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maximum width; dorsal margin with 8-10 curved, lanceolate setae, apically pointed; femoral patch absent; E) hind protoptera well developed; F) seven pairs of gills; G) paraproct with 5-7 marginal spines.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Description.</paragraph>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Nymph</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="FD8838E73E764E8D7E1F21E4F82B1EDE" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="22B5B0414A9B7ABA1174A8534B88C79D" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="3D476E715E67D694DF828E21270EB9F5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Nymph</emphasis>
(Figs
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<figureCitation id="8F6A5481E57CB5D2ACFDB9E4FA06CB25" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Nymphs, habitus: a Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov. b Potamocloeon (A.) freitagae." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586012" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">10a</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a labrum b right mandible c right prostheca d left mandible e left prostheca f hypopharynx and superlinguae g maxilla h labium i apex of paraglossa. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586013" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">11</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="2F73B620814A88B4D717FF1AABCBF9EA" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a labrum b right mandible c right prostheca d left mandible e left prostheca f hypopharynx and superlinguae g maxilla h labium i apex of paraglossa. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586013" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">11</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a foreleg b seta at dorsal margin of femur c fore claw d tergum IV e gill IV f paraproct g metanotum (left side), with hind protopteron (mature nymph) h gills I, II, III, IV (top to down). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586014" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">12</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="F29E5DF83CE139699B1F8527BB597D38" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a foreleg b seta at dorsal margin of femur c fore claw d tergum IV e gill IV f paraproct g metanotum (left side), with hind protopteron (mature nymph) h gills I, II, III, IV (top to down). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586014" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">12</figureCitation>
). Body length 3.3-3.8 mm. Cerci: broken. Paracercus: ca.
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of body length. Antenna: broken.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Figure 10.</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="94CB2C928A896BB00E704204C876544E" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="DD091F68EB013D545089D7240DB54F38" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Figure 10.</emphasis>
Nymphs, habitus:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">a</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">b</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Gillies, 1990" authorityName="Gillies" authorityYear="1990" baseAuthorityName="Gattolliat" baseAuthorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Potamocloeon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamocloeon (A.) freitagae" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freitagae" subGenus="A.">Potamocloeon (A.) freitagae</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="D0CE8474B0B7D5CC0B7C83E98B6EB383" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">b</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="658AE3719350072C3061F1BA64A1EA78" baseAuthorityName="Gattolliat" baseAuthorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Potamocloeon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamocloeon (A.) freitagae" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freitagae" subGenus="A.">Potamocloeon (A.) freitagae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Colouration</emphasis>
<paragraph id="BEDBB5BCA5EF7FDA5F1F8A2A87DD8D21" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="4109D246DE45BD21A53248BE6D32C810" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Colouration</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Nymphs, habitus: a Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov. b Potamocloeon (A.) freitagae." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586012" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">10a</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="CEB4A4FBF760817AAE1F41A2CE8E9D17" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Nymphs, habitus: a Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov. b Potamocloeon (A.) freitagae." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586012" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">10a</figureCitation>
). Head, thorax and abdomen dorsally brown, tergites I, IV, VIII and IX light brown, ventrally light brown. Legs light brown, caudalii light brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Labrum</emphasis>
<paragraph id="E87D8017FD2365B00A85E0028E9113A9" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="53737DC5D5037DF306212C1D896AD5B5" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Labrum</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a labrum b right mandible c right prostheca d left mandible e left prostheca f hypopharynx and superlinguae g maxilla h labium i apex of paraglossa. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586013" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">11a</figureCitation>
). Subrectangular, length 0.7
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<figureCitation id="F42E36CBC35EB72C154DFB46E3A818A5" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a labrum b right mandible c right prostheca d left mandible e left prostheca f hypopharynx and superlinguae g maxilla h labium i apex of paraglossa. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586013" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">11a</figureCitation>
). Subrectangular, length 0.7
<normalizedToken id="4DFC359A08204A9FB120F1AE10125933" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and small process. Dorsally in proximal half with long, fine, simple setae scattered over surface; in distal half with one central, long, stout, simple seta, two longer and some shorter stout, simple setae. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of anterolateral long, feathered setae and medial long, bifid setae; ventral surface with ca. five short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586013" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" start="Figure 11" startId="F11">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Figure 11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kaltenbach &amp; Mary &amp; Gattolliat" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Nigrobaetis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nigrobaetis richardi" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="richardi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Nigrobaetis richardi</emphasis>
<caption id="AD324F6F2B31E98479CBAD947BF5B088" doi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586013" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" start="Figure 11" startId="F11">
<paragraph id="63CE405ED58ED054C79F9C7E134C4EA5" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="8E9BFC5634CB99C04CE9C0F7EE037BF5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Figure 11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F3C97AB80F738163173D3ECC685FF721" authorityName="Kaltenbach &amp; Mary &amp; Gattolliat" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Nigrobaetis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nigrobaetis richardi" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="richardi">
<emphasis id="2E3C60C7873FE4E90135692345C6932B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Nigrobaetis richardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., nymph morphology:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">a</emphasis>
<emphasis id="F69231BAE0271B92C6E75666850DF341" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">a</emphasis>
labrum
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">b</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A346FC4F0083B37355C417E67C4E2BC7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">b</emphasis>
right mandible
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">c</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DA52E9515E494F2A2A8261632BE1793D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">c</emphasis>
right prostheca
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">d</emphasis>
<emphasis id="590E11272BF42280470834D99CAECA5E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">d</emphasis>
left mandible
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">e</emphasis>
<emphasis id="24B11F1B6482D82968B8BB0A8029115C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">e</emphasis>
left prostheca
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">f</emphasis>
<emphasis id="702DDEFDF2A19214A01397603B3226FC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">f</emphasis>
hypopharynx and superlinguae
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">g</emphasis>
<emphasis id="8D738496D73393F65A608116D565F342" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">g</emphasis>
maxilla
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">h</emphasis>
<emphasis id="6BA569ED2E3F8B55BC717BBC529C811F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">h</emphasis>
labium
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">i</emphasis>
<emphasis id="18E1ED850896CE9536DE796D47782CAF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">i</emphasis>
apex of paraglossa. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Right mandible</emphasis>
<paragraph id="1BB64E04CFB3DAD22D55693CED29AE03" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="3D61DD04509FCE7363CFB4BD93D75C7D" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Right mandible</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a labrum b right mandible c right prostheca d left mandible e left prostheca f hypopharynx and superlinguae g maxilla h labium i apex of paraglossa. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586013" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">11b, c</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="EC2BBA2090043D64C5074CDCDD2F790D" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a labrum b right mandible c right prostheca d left mandible e left prostheca f hypopharynx and superlinguae g maxilla h labium i apex of paraglossa. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586013" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">11b, c</figureCitation>
). Incisor and kinetodontium fused. Incisor with five denticles; kinetodontium with three denticles, inner margin of innermost denticle with row of thin setae. Prostheca stick-like, distolaterally denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola straight, with medium, stout setae. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Left mandible</emphasis>
<paragraph id="9F9D8BBA7A6527379DDCE4BB11BBB920" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="6A1094EBD383FFBA49E5B7E8DE794314" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Left mandible</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a labrum b right mandible c right prostheca d left mandible e left prostheca f hypopharynx and superlinguae g maxilla h labium i apex of paraglossa. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586013" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">11d, e</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="2553A51D8C574A89B4F7692C528945CB" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a labrum b right mandible c right prostheca d left mandible e left prostheca f hypopharynx and superlinguae g maxilla h labium i apex of paraglossa. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586013" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">11d, e</figureCitation>
). Incisor and kinetodontium fused. Incisor with five denticles; kinetodontium with three denticles. Prostheca robust, apically with small denticles and comb-shaped structure. Margin between prostheca and mola straight, with minute denticles. Subtriangular process long and slender, above level of area between prostheca and mola. Tuft of setae at apex of mola absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Both mandibles with lateral margins almost straight. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Hypopharynx and superlinguae</emphasis>
<paragraph id="C864B84153F85FCFBF014C2D384AD4BB" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Both mandibles with lateral margins almost straight. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F592EB3612E20A0BDAF8B8D295098584" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="FA41FC801D7BC6116F6FDACC5898160D" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Hypopharynx and superlinguae</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a labrum b right mandible c right prostheca d left mandible e left prostheca f hypopharynx and superlinguae g maxilla h labium i apex of paraglossa. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586013" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">11f</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="7485D9316F0CD82743F55DC75577BB80" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a labrum b right mandible c right prostheca d left mandible e left prostheca f hypopharynx and superlinguae g maxilla h labium i apex of paraglossa. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586013" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">11f</figureCitation>
). Lingua slightly longer than superlinguae. Lingua longer than broad; medial tuft of stout setae absent; distal half laterally slightly expanded. Superlinguae distally straight; lateral margins rounded; fine, long, simple setae along distal margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Maxilla</emphasis>
<paragraph id="508547616DD98B14EABC7177D8674EFC" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="855F4070088E742E878964ED4AF3A2E8" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Maxilla</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a labrum b right mandible c right prostheca d left mandible e left prostheca f hypopharynx and superlinguae g maxilla h labium i apex of paraglossa. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586013" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">11g</figureCitation>
). Galea-lacinia ventrally with two simple, apical setae under canines. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one spine-like seta and four long, simple setae. Maxillary palp longer than length of galea-lacinia; 2-segmented; palp segment II 1.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<figureCitation id="F8AFA255EF6693D0F3A2B573158EA97F" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a labrum b right mandible c right prostheca d left mandible e left prostheca f hypopharynx and superlinguae g maxilla h labium i apex of paraglossa. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586013" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">11g</figureCitation>
). Galea-lacinia ventrally with two simple, apical setae under canines. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one spine-like seta and four long, simple setae. Maxillary palp longer than length of galea-lacinia; 2-segmented; palp segment II 1.2
<normalizedToken id="DB44AFEDDE1F5023B76593E86F565DD9" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
length of segment I; setae on maxillary palp fine, simple, scattered over surface of segments I and II; apex of last segment slightly pointed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Labium</emphasis>
<paragraph id="6B98A668BEA3FF2DA15831A6803FECC4" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="FE2470C562F6A1AE7F084D7077ACF79F" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Labium</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a labrum b right mandible c right prostheca d left mandible e left prostheca f hypopharynx and superlinguae g maxilla h labium i apex of paraglossa. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586013" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">11h, i</figureCitation>
). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; as long as paraglossa; inner margin with seven spine-like setae; apex with two long, robust setae and one short, robust, pectinate seta; outer margin with six spine-like setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded; with three rows of long, robust setae in apical area, two short, simple setae in anteromedial area and one short, simple seta in posterolateral area; dorsally with row of three long, spine-like, simple setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I approximately as long as length of segments II and III combined. Segment I ventrally with short, fine, simple setae. Segment II without distomedial protuberance; ventral surface with short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with four spine-like setae. Segment III slightly pentagonal; length 1.1
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<figureCitation id="29017F5016BE3464CB827FA1ABEEE856" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a labrum b right mandible c right prostheca d left mandible e left prostheca f hypopharynx and superlinguae g maxilla h labium i apex of paraglossa. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586013" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">11h, i</figureCitation>
). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; as long as paraglossa; inner margin with seven spine-like setae; apex with two long, robust setae and one short, robust, pectinate seta; outer margin with six spine-like setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded; with three rows of long, robust setae in apical area, two short, simple setae in anteromedial area and one short, simple seta in posterolateral area; dorsally with row of three long, spine-like, simple setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I approximately as long as length of segments II and III combined. Segment I ventrally with short, fine, simple setae. Segment II without distomedial protuberance; ventral surface with short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with four spine-like setae. Segment III slightly pentagonal; length 1.1
<normalizedToken id="D3F31A5282C7402DB934A63C1A386E0D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
maximum width; ventrally covered with short, spine-like, simple setae and short, fine, simple setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Hind protoptera</emphasis>
<paragraph id="EDFB68BC76ACAD9F5F815A0FADB5FC9B" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="166B4807873FE03D8F50C06889864DED" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Hind protoptera</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a foreleg b seta at dorsal margin of femur c fore claw d tergum IV e gill IV f paraproct g metanotum (left side), with hind protopteron (mature nymph) h gills I, II, III, IV (top to down). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586014" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">12g</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="87465E5B7E861082977BFD1A9F781448" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a foreleg b seta at dorsal margin of femur c fore claw d tergum IV e gill IV f paraproct g metanotum (left side), with hind protopteron (mature nymph) h gills I, II, III, IV (top to down). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586014" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">12g</figureCitation>
) well developed.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586014" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Figure 12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kaltenbach &amp; Mary &amp; Gattolliat" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Nigrobaetis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nigrobaetis richardi" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="richardi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Nigrobaetis richardi</emphasis>
<caption id="FAB799071D7519713FFC9688EBD8822B" doi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586014" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
<paragraph id="30E101308791DDE3B798C859FB10741D" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="D5F43381791053BA884901E7D2BECE9A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Figure 12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7FF604F39933D5E4FBBEB431C8600124" authorityName="Kaltenbach &amp; Mary &amp; Gattolliat" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Nigrobaetis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nigrobaetis richardi" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="richardi">
<emphasis id="1628BBF0FEB7F3D67EB557D213F49A68" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Nigrobaetis richardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., nymph morphology:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">a</emphasis>
<emphasis id="51726F7DC1980817057748BD107BEFB7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">a</emphasis>
foreleg
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">b</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1EDA1C780CBA2144E0F47D5F252C4326" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">b</emphasis>
seta at dorsal margin of femur
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">c</emphasis>
<emphasis id="2609972B4018DDB8A9234F2D1E9BDBA8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">c</emphasis>
fore claw
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">d</emphasis>
<emphasis id="BC41236C2F8921BA04BDDB81446FEA0F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">d</emphasis>
tergum IV
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">e</emphasis>
<emphasis id="CB43B917048B670A04040E9942E60146" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">e</emphasis>
gill IV
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">f</emphasis>
<emphasis id="939A55724CA4A19AB730EAD7D7175D9D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">f</emphasis>
paraproct
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">g</emphasis>
<emphasis id="67DF2626D8BB691733142F2870D6E354" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">g</emphasis>
metanotum (left side), with hind protopteron (mature nymph)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">h</emphasis>
<emphasis id="49AFC10C25B35ACA7E4850E47D473E1C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">h</emphasis>
gills I, II, III, IV (top to down). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Foreleg</emphasis>
<paragraph id="EE4E102D05D5D586126D35C8C0335D5A" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="B62B55BEE9CCE7B6B6795AC9FD906364" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Foreleg</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a foreleg b seta at dorsal margin of femur c fore claw d tergum IV e gill IV f paraproct g metanotum (left side), with hind protopteron (mature nymph) h gills I, II, III, IV (top to down). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586014" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">12a-c</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="93D5D0F0128DE5187340A8FCF3A31911" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a foreleg b seta at dorsal margin of femur c fore claw d tergum IV e gill IV f paraproct g metanotum (left side), with hind protopteron (mature nymph) h gills I, II, III, IV (top to down). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586014" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">12a-c</figureCitation>
). Ratio of foreleg segments 1.3:1.0:0.6:0.2.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Femur</emphasis>
<emphasis id="651033389F672774E972B12041EF958B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="04E6EF59057455E4E10363B5D2791B1E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Femur</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Length ca. 3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
Length ca. 3
<normalizedToken id="D73B0C19F3C1AB2E907F8A86530D4727" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
maximum width. Dorsal margin with 8-10 curved, lanceolate setae, apically pointed. Apex rounded, with pair of spine-like setae and fine, simple setae. Stout, lanceolate setae scattered along ventral margin; femoral patch absent.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Tibia</emphasis>
<emphasis id="D97F7BC2F2A70C5A29054BF1ECD48EA9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="18780BEFEE611A572549B127FEEE33E7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Tibia</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Dorsal margin with row of scarce, fine simple setae. Ventral margin with row of scarce, short, curved, spine-like setae, on apex some longer, partly pectinate setae. Anterior surface scattered with short, stout, lanceolate setae. Patellotibial suture present on basal 2/3 area.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Tarsus</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A60CF86D0EABCCD0385AC3B860A659E8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="BDFD955388528B2DFA45667C07D19C91" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Tarsus</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Dorsal margin with row of scarce, fine, simple setae. Ventral margin with row of curved, spine-like setae, partly pectinate.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Claw</emphasis>
<emphasis id="689E213BE1F6EFB8AC47ABA92B85E57A" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Claw</emphasis>
with one row of 12 or 13 denticles; distally pointed; with ca. three stripes; subapical setae absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Middle and hind legs</emphasis>
<paragraph id="25045F70694D07AE6FCB3BC34B44CD1A" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="3DF831BEA697979713179174425E4711" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="3C916AACD7DDF70052CC7A1A18FAF4CD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Middle and hind legs</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
As foreleg, but tibia dorsally with row of spine-like setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Terga</emphasis>
<paragraph id="31A354A665E1C1E5ED28BFBA1C427E14" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="A93464083F034B3901A67E5A7B879183" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Terga</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a foreleg b seta at dorsal margin of femur c fore claw d tergum IV e gill IV f paraproct g metanotum (left side), with hind protopteron (mature nymph) h gills I, II, III, IV (top to down). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586014" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">12d</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="8937383D0AD5E15B4294E894060FE0A0" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a foreleg b seta at dorsal margin of femur c fore claw d tergum IV e gill IV f paraproct g metanotum (left side), with hind protopteron (mature nymph) h gills I, II, III, IV (top to down). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586014" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">12d</figureCitation>
). Surface scattered with U-shaped scale bases. Posterior margin of terga I-III without spines; posterior margin of terga IV and V partly with some rudimentary, triangular spines; posterior margin of terga VI-IX with medial, triangular spines, longer than wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Gills</emphasis>
<paragraph id="02FC0669E07DA05455240D1B0FE4A1FC" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="488911CCE85843B895E2E451E7650F63" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Gills</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a foreleg b seta at dorsal margin of femur c fore claw d tergum IV e gill IV f paraproct g metanotum (left side), with hind protopteron (mature nymph) h gills I, II, III, IV (top to down). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586014" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">12e, h</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="F49DE424EA6F726E960150E5CF6D133B" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a foreleg b seta at dorsal margin of femur c fore claw d tergum IV e gill IV f paraproct g metanotum (left side), with hind protopteron (mature nymph) h gills I, II, III, IV (top to down). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586014" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">12e, h</figureCitation>
). Present on segments I-VII. Margin with small denticles intercalating short, fine simple setae. Tracheae only partly extending to inner and outer margins. Gill I as long as 2/3 of segment II; gill IV as long as length of segments V and 1/3 VI combined; gill VII as long as length of segments VIII and 2/3 IX combined.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Paraproct</emphasis>
<paragraph id="F9667B41E408AE792AB282A764FA5FAC" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="87E058D80278078DB462E8092F7573F7" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Paraproct</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a foreleg b seta at dorsal margin of femur c fore claw d tergum IV e gill IV f paraproct g metanotum (left side), with hind protopteron (mature nymph) h gills I, II, III, IV (top to down). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586014" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">12f</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="39BCA7D021A3E7D930317BB67A7748DB" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., nymph morphology: a foreleg b seta at dorsal margin of femur c fore claw d tergum IV e gill IV f paraproct g metanotum (left side), with hind protopteron (mature nymph) h gills I, II, III, IV (top to down). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586014" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">12f</figureCitation>
). Distally not expanded, with 5-7 marginal spines. Surface scattered with U-shaped scale bases and micropores. Cercotractor with small, marginal spines.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="427" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Dedicated to the late entomologist Barton A. Richard (formerly Florida A&amp;M University, Tallahassee), who participated in an early phase of this project (2004-2007).</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="26C78E0EEB630450A2F25866C1AE450B" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="203C238197F9F13863D5A4454A5DE99E" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B1F77396BDA5466AE072449FCA7FDF12" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Dedicated to the late entomologist Barton A. Richard (formerly Florida A&amp;M University, Tallahassee), who participated in an early phase of this project (2004-2007).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="427" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<subSubSection id="B0318225861757BDC65677D58F2F1449" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="02614BD40FFA355AD2B8400215CEB19E" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9022D0276A1A25C3D8923F42D3888F9" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Distribution of Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., Potamocloeon (A.) freitagae and Procloeon (O.) cylindroculum in the Comoros Archipelago." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586015" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">13</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="71881ADF467A21CE2CC47B3FC863E11E" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Distribution of Nigrobaetis richardi sp. nov., Potamocloeon (A.) freitagae and Procloeon (O.) cylindroculum in the Comoros Archipelago." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586015" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">13</figureCitation>
). Comoros (Anjouan).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586015" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" start="Figure 13" startId="F13">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Figure 13.</emphasis>
<caption id="72C9CF2CE54AC6651E28455F64F8A673" doi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.70632.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/586015" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" start="Figure 13" startId="F13">
<paragraph id="38F71EA67467783D9E14828BAF235C86" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="673119333238AFBC764B030CF103830F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Figure 13.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kaltenbach &amp; Mary &amp; Gattolliat" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Nigrobaetis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nigrobaetis richardi" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="richardi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Nigrobaetis richardi</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="10213DA919744FFF80D780ECE9595367" authorityName="Kaltenbach &amp; Mary &amp; Gattolliat" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Nigrobaetis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nigrobaetis richardi" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="richardi">
<emphasis id="40EF83389D35D5D8322C1479ADA6D9CF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Nigrobaetis richardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.,
<taxonomicName authority="Gillies, 1990" authorityName="Gillies" authorityYear="1990" baseAuthorityName="Gattolliat" baseAuthorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Potamocloeon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamocloeon (A.) freitagae" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freitagae" subGenus="A.">Potamocloeon (A.) freitagae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4A641243BB8534BF55F346C2B11943EE" baseAuthorityName="Gattolliat" baseAuthorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Potamocloeon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamocloeon (A.) freitagae" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freitagae" subGenus="A.">Potamocloeon (A.) freitagae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kimmins" authorityYear="1956" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Procloeon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Procloeon (O.) cylindroculum" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cylindroculum" subGenus="O.">Procloeon (O.) cylindroculum</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="7E47F834DAE267CA9F8F1293E5A318DE" authorityName="Kimmins" authorityYear="1956" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Procloeon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Procloeon (O.) cylindroculum" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cylindroculum" subGenus="O.">Procloeon (O.) cylindroculum</taxonomicName>
in the Comoros Archipelago.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="427" type="biological aspects">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Biological aspects.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<subSubSection id="DE98EEC32D9BB48F01C2BE7C39ED67FD" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" type="biological aspects">
<paragraph id="5B690DAE34C5139EC4A9C999C3C81BFC" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Biological aspects.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="136E58BAA255DE285890FB662A8BA3B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
The specimens were collected at altitudes of 210 m and 600 m, together with
<taxonomicName family="BaetidaeEphemeroptera " genus="L." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. glaucus" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" rank="species" species="glaucus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">L. glaucus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0F6F5923E4DD0B3938AFC432950B4705" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. glaucus" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" rank="species" species="glaucus">
<emphasis id="0EFFC1B8BF2A70FDC589FDFCD82F0C51" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">L. glaucus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName family="BaetidaeEphemeroptera " genus="L." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. vinosus" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" rank="species" species="vinosus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">L. vinosus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="AC7944EC03C2DDC8BCF7AEA690269B70" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. vinosus" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" rank="species" species="vinosus">
<emphasis id="FF58FAC66EE1773F352C884C2028946F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">L. vinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. freitagae" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" rank="species" species="freitagae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">P. freitagae</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E372CC137F56C0504BD269124D263CDA" lsidName="P. freitagae" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" rank="species" species="freitagae">
<emphasis id="8B882F2F72231694878E0AF18599E31C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">P. freitagae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The characteristics and environmental conditions of the sampling sites in the Comoros (Anjouan, Riv. Tatinga) are described in
<bibRefCitation author="Starmuehlner, F" journalOrPublisher="Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" pagination="621 - 742" refId="B44" refString="Starmuehlner, F, 1979. Results of the Austrian Hydrobiological Mission, 1974, to the Seychelles-, Comores- and Mascarene Archipelagos: Part 1: Preliminary report. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 82: 621 - 742" title="Results of the Austrian Hydrobiological Mission, 1974, to the Seychelles-, Comores- and Mascarene Archipelagos: Part 1: Preliminary report." volume="82" year="1979">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Starmühlner">Starmuehlner</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="C6284A7FD8BCCDEA8DBB43EB383D23D6" author="Starmuehlner, F" journalOrPublisher="Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" pagination="621 - 742" refId="B44" refString="Starmuehlner, F, 1979. Results of the Austrian Hydrobiological Mission, 1974, to the Seychelles-, Comores- and Mascarene Archipelagos: Part 1: Preliminary report. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 82: 621 - 742" title="Results of the Austrian Hydrobiological Mission, 1974, to the Seychelles-, Comores- and Mascarene Archipelagos: Part 1: Preliminary report." volume="82" year="1979">
<normalizedToken id="46F2A67CD01EAAA4DAEEA563AD84378E" originalValue="Starmühlner">Starmuehlner</normalizedToken>
(1979
</bibRefCitation>
: pp. 652, 655): river width 3-10 m, depth 5-50 cm, water temperature 22 °C-24.5 °C, bottom substrata consisted of basaltic rock, boulders, gravel and sand.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="427" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectionCode="MZL" collectorName="F. Starmuehlner" country="Comoros" elevation="0" location="Dindri" municipality="Riv. Tatinga" specimenCode="GBIFCH00515655" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Anjouan" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
<subSubSection id="D39C57DC2BA3524184297F10EA5DF060" pageId="0" pageNumber="427" type="type material">
<paragraph id="FF3B359ED926022493FE3A9CB44EBEE3" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DDF3CADC3FF0BC5D90B9B3513A7EDF1B" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<materialsCitation id="9B6393F2E705B368978E22561071CE51" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectionCode="MZL" collectorName="F. Starmuehlner" country="Comoros" elevation="0" location="Dindri" municipality="Riv. Tatinga" specimenCode="GBIFCH00515655" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Anjouan" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="1D38026BE2C533606F0DECCF4AFEEF90" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="323B44C8F5BBF0A518B0CDA71331BD07" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<typeStatus id="32E95D0114273338EA44810E455AA867">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry>Comoros</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="406CE581CA7BBFD1CB89321F9AA000CF">Comoros</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount>nymph</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="940FD85C993007151DE8CC537E53B324">nymph</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion>Anjouan</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="960D7C9F1FA11E0D61905379F382A039">Anjouan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Riv. Tatinga</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="4F073D612A05537322F274A96066A5B3">Riv. Tatinga</collectingMunicipality>
, upper course, near
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:416383B05D185BDA8885DE39683617E8:C60C40B336C6D623581DEC620512CC23" country="Comoros" municipality="Riv. Tatinga" name="Dindri" stateProvince="Anjouan">Dindri</location>
<location id="C60C40B336C6D623581DEC620512CC23" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:416383B05D185BDA8885DE39683617E8:C60C40B336C6D623581DEC620512CC23" country="Comoros" municipality="Riv. Tatinga" name="Dindri" stateProvince="Anjouan">Dindri</location>
;
<elevation>600 m</elevation>
<elevation id="A5B325D0AA4D33D7815BE4710F0ADBC0">600 m</elevation>
;
<collectingDate>11.03.1974</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="5808C1331409BDA89624A736639DFDAD">11.03.1974</collectingDate>
; leg.
<collectorName>
<collectorName id="46DBE68D87CB2B689BA29A94BF0ACC5B">
F.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Starmühlner">Starmuehlner</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="32924F6007CBC9EBAE842FC0CEFF6159" originalValue="Starmühlner">Starmuehlner</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
; on slide;
<specimenCode>GBIFCH00515655</specimenCode>
<specimenCode id="77938BD93C177B2846869558326554C5">GBIFCH00515655</specimenCode>
;
<collectionCode>MZL</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="51C50005DE90CCDFC58DDC8191218544">MZL</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectionCode="MZL, FAMU" collectorName="F. Starmuehlner" country="Comoros" elevation="0" location="Riv. Tatinga" municipality="Riv. Tatinga" specimenCode="GBIFCH00592759, GBIFCH00592715, GBIFCH00592716, GBIFCH00515656" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Anjouan" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
<materialsCitation id="B2EB388EE9E6ABE5969F1E0AA8DC04CA" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectionCode="MZL, FAMU" collectorName="F. Starmuehlner" country="Comoros" elevation="0" location="Riv. Tatinga" municipality="Riv. Tatinga" specimenCode="GBIFCH00592759, GBIFCH00592715, GBIFCH00592716, GBIFCH00515656" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Anjouan" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="416CA0B2D430A06492A2B0A4100185C9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="427">
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<typeStatus id="744761CA2A8AC32834591876E0E63E29">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
.
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<collectingCountry>Comoros</collectingCountry>
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<specimenCount>3 nymphs</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="F9A3FC5F6CBCA0C0ECADF21F940E36CB">3 nymphs</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion>Anjouan</collectingRegion>
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,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:416383B05D185BDA8885DE39683617E8:14E087EE5886F35A60ABB0C674D266C0" country="Comoros" municipality="Riv. Tatinga" name="Riv. Tatinga" stateProvince="Anjouan">Riv. Tatinga</location>
<location id="14E087EE5886F35A60ABB0C674D266C0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:416383B05D185BDA8885DE39683617E8:14E087EE5886F35A60ABB0C674D266C0" country="Comoros" municipality="Riv. Tatinga" name="Riv. Tatinga" stateProvince="Anjouan">Riv. Tatinga</location>
, lower course, by the bridge;
<elevation>210 m</elevation>
<elevation id="B782A471B57E9E5041E13121FCAF0D82">210 m</elevation>
;
<collectingDate>22.03.1974</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="63B4EE591FCE8489CBA1946E73918EEC">22.03.1974</collectingDate>
; leg.
<collectorName>
<collectorName id="372270AFA9C399ED03DA6545D639C147">
F.
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<normalizedToken id="C3BF64B828BF1486BA3FF2D7889B7B1F" originalValue="Starmühlner">Starmuehlner</normalizedToken>
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; 2 on slides;
<specimenCode>GBIFCH00592759</specimenCode>
<specimenCode id="F9B273EDADFE22D4E68F051A19102B00">GBIFCH00592759</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode>GBIFCH00592715</specimenCode>
<specimenCode id="50C36097DB3E8DED5881456FECF288E5">GBIFCH00592715</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode>GBIFCH00592716</specimenCode>
<specimenCode id="C730531980809EA1B54F519C2CEAA401">GBIFCH00592716</specimenCode>
;
<collectionCode>MZL</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="519A186B3B2D93A465AE4F6930BE0268">MZL</collectionCode>
, 1 in alcohol;
<specimenCode>GBIFCH00515656</specimenCode>
<specimenCode id="B29FF257DF660E702A7BF7D41A636B5D">GBIFCH00515656</specimenCode>
;
<collectionCode>FAMU</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="26EFD153B0A281EBD1C86CC016CB0C99">FAMU</collectionCode>
.
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</paragraph>

View file

@ -1,132 +1,132 @@
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<treatment id="416F22F827245127B418EB0254FBB42C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:416F22F827245127B418EB0254FBB42C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/416F22F827245127B418EB0254FBB42C" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<treatment id="416F22F827245127B418EB0254FBB42C" ID-GBIF-Taxon="221225643" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:416F22F827245127B418EB0254FBB42C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/416F22F827245127B418EB0254FBB42C" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" scope_family="Viperidae">
<subSubSection id="3676ECA81834B30BD0CB82F987BBA536" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="5890A7E117C323021010F01721D470C6" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="2CF5646CCEF96188B5F5013D434885A1" ID-CoL="3RNRQ" LSID="416F22F8-2724-5127-B418-EB0254FBB42C" authority="(Guenther, 1859)" baseAuthorityName="Guenther" baseAuthorityYear="1859" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Bothriechis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriechis nitidus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nitidus">
<taxonomicName id="2CF5646CCEF96188B5F5013D434885A1" ID-CoL="3RNRQ" LSID="416F22F8-2724-5127-B418-EB0254FBB42C" authority="(Guenther, 1859)" baseAuthorityName="Guenther" baseAuthorityYear="1859" family="Viperidae" genus="Bothriechis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriechis nitidus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="nitidus">
Bothriechis nitidus (
<normalizedToken id="38D51C587DC52874B4FCC34285814CDF" originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
, 1859)
@ -142,18 +142,18 @@ Bothriechis nitidus (
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D644E1658A864339627354914CADADD3" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="D400E05D4210003FE457B49595804429" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="D3D179419FC050C06D17B6A06B04A3F2" authorityName="Günther" authorityYear="1859" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Lachesis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lachesis nitidus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nitidus">Lachesis nitidus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="D3D179419FC050C06D17B6A06B04A3F2" authorityName="Günther" authorityYear="1859" family="Viperidae" genus="Lachesis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lachesis nitidus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="nitidus">Lachesis nitidus</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="8CCBF3FB33D66A8B0D4F259C0337B105" originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
, 1859: 414. Holotype BMNH 1946.1.17.73 (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D58EC10883EED8364F6A178000691839" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Illustration of the holotype of Bothriechis nitidus by George Henry Ford taken from the original description (Guenther 1859) at the Biodiversity Heritage Library." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/981693" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">7</figureCitation>
), an adult of undetermined sex from &quot;Western Andes of Ecuador&quot;.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="89BBA6B3971FB1B026129CD1C4EBE890" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="BE68C816D4EF2E317D71DB1F528F4CA8" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1824" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Bothrops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothrops boussingaultii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boussingaultii">Bothrops boussingaultii</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="BE68C816D4EF2E317D71DB1F528F4CA8" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1824" family="Viperidae" genus="Bothrops" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothrops boussingaultii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="boussingaultii">Bothrops boussingaultii</taxonomicName>
Jan, 1863: 127. Holotype MNHN 0.227, an adult (male?) from the trail between Latacunga and Guayaquil, Cotopaxi province, Ecuador.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE564844825E05967E06F1FF49F6A89E" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="959FD2CA359A5BEDA2B85B5391EB8DEE" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Teleuraspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Teleuraspis nitida" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nitida">Teleuraspis nitida</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="959FD2CA359A5BEDA2B85B5391EB8DEE" family="Viperidae" genus="Teleuraspis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Teleuraspis nitida" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="nitida">Teleuraspis nitida</taxonomicName>
Cope, 1871: 206.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ Cope, 1871: 206.
<paragraph id="8AF64F7100A16D01EFCD957CC9D99675" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Referred specimens.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31315100A998315FD6077A73D82DD11" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
All labeled
<taxonomicName id="CF55E6C70384915458B1C385475A3ADA" baseAuthorityName="Guenther" baseAuthorityYear="1859" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Bothriechis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriechis nitidus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nitidus">
<taxonomicName id="CF55E6C70384915458B1C385475A3ADA" baseAuthorityName="Guenther" baseAuthorityYear="1859" family="Viperidae" genus="Bothriechis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriechis nitidus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="nitidus">
<emphasis id="633F1472B699B060F863BB4AFF5D3BAB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Bothriechis nitidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Suppl. material 1.
@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ ecuatoriana, cabeza de candado, equis voladora (
<subSubSection id="ADD59D9A9657B59CC569BFB299053408" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="BE880B376B4F1C78BB9DF52D41A3C887" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2B7CD0F4660C05F466675FE1AB03A5F7" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="0A96CC42FC145B714CF0FDA149B397CF" baseAuthorityName="Guenther" baseAuthorityYear="1859" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Bothriechis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriechis nitidus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nitidus">
<taxonomicName id="0A96CC42FC145B714CF0FDA149B397CF" baseAuthorityName="Guenther" baseAuthorityYear="1859" family="Viperidae" genus="Bothriechis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriechis nitidus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="nitidus">
<emphasis id="C679CD83B64DFDB9DC66B5812C3215AE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Bothriechis nitidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is diagnosed based on the following combination of characters: (1) supraciliary scales low and granular or two pointed but not raised; (2) anterior dorsal head scales smooth or barely keeled; (3) gular scales usually much smaller than chinshields or similar in size to chienshields in some cloud forest populations; (4) 3-8 interoculolabials; (5) 2-3 canthals, raised slightly and forming a ridge along the canthus; (6) loreal not in contact with preocular; (7) yellow morph absent; (8) dorsal bands dark reddish brown, red, or pink; (9) no opposing kidney shaped dorsal marks; (10) black speckles on dorsal scales usually absent, but present in some cloud forest populations; (11) black speckling on ventral surfaces usually absent, but present in some cloud forest populations; (12) ventral surfaces entirely white in some individuals; (13) iris pale golden yellow to light green with or without black speckles or spots; (14) 19-23 dorsal scale rows at mid-body; (15) 129-156 ventrals in males, 132-158 in females; (16) maximum total length in males 594 mm, in females 857 mm.
@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ is diagnosed based on the following combination of characters: (1) supraciliary
<subSubSection id="C984D028962AF8EF5A297893755DFD0F" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="comparisons">
<paragraph id="C7E0DC458F9A17F56B2B8ABEB1A1D777" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Comparisons.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9657A892FBB994176876051E577BB3F7" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="2050A996BAEF883DE7C7FD473F225168" baseAuthorityName="Guenther" baseAuthorityYear="1859" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Bothriechis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriechis nitidus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nitidus">
<taxonomicName id="2050A996BAEF883DE7C7FD473F225168" baseAuthorityName="Guenther" baseAuthorityYear="1859" family="Viperidae" genus="Bothriechis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriechis nitidus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="nitidus">
<emphasis id="BB648040F8456C3521DD47A58720D2F8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Bothriechis nitidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is compared to other species of the genus previously subsumed under
@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ is compared to other species of the genus previously subsumed under
). It differs from all of them by having supraciliaries not raised, a low number of canthals (2-3) and interoculolabials (3-8), a low number of ventral scales, and a green dorsum with dark reddish brown, red, or pink bands (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A289280B5FDC2392588AC2F9700F2CCA" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Photographs of living specimens of Bothriechis nitidus from Ecuador. a. AMARU SN adult female from Santa Rosa, Pichincha province; b. Adult from Reserva FCAT, Esmeraldas province; c. Juvenile from Verde Bambu, Pichincha province; d. Juvenile from Canande Biological Reserve, Esmeraldas province; e. Adult from Gualpi, Esmeraldas province; f. Adult from Bosque Protector La Perla, Esmeraldas province; g. Adult from Santa Lucia Reserve, Pichincha province; h. Adult from Reserva FCAT, Esmeraldas province; i. Juvenile from Santa Lucia Reserve, Pichincha province; j. Juvenile from Canande Biological Reserve, Esmeraldas province. Photos by Jose Vieira, Alejandro Arteaga, and Sebastian Di Domenico." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/981713" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">27</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C0950B8687208E264C57460F795637C" baseAuthorityName="Guenther" baseAuthorityYear="1859" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Bothriechis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriechis nitidus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nitidus">
<taxonomicName id="4C0950B8687208E264C57460F795637C" baseAuthorityName="Guenther" baseAuthorityYear="1859" family="Viperidae" genus="Bothriechis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriechis nitidus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="nitidus">
<emphasis id="1AC679696080CFF7D13C0C37635C5C2E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Bothriechis nitidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles
@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ and is characterized by having the loreal scale in contact with the preocular (n
<emphasis id="AD195D13A668E5514242CFF138DAC2CF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">B. hussaini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<taxonomicName id="5AAE98F1747D2439FB4251C8B1AB5944" baseAuthorityName="Guenther" baseAuthorityYear="1859" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Bothriechis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriechis nitidus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nitidus">
<taxonomicName id="5AAE98F1747D2439FB4251C8B1AB5944" baseAuthorityName="Guenther" baseAuthorityYear="1859" family="Viperidae" genus="Bothriechis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriechis nitidus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="nitidus">
<emphasis id="ACE5733B39CABA7F9F9C044B1011E70E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Bothriechis nitidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also resembles
@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ and is characterized by having two or three raised and spinelike supraciliary sc
<paragraph id="B0285677E615F44B395D92778593725B" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="DB14AB0D1F55A8DB8A6429A2B7503434" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Figure 27.</emphasis>
Photographs of living specimens of
<taxonomicName id="585A1160757484B1ED61618C2D386B60" baseAuthorityName="Guenther" baseAuthorityYear="1859" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Bothriechis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriechis nitidus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nitidus">
<taxonomicName id="585A1160757484B1ED61618C2D386B60" baseAuthorityName="Guenther" baseAuthorityYear="1859" family="Viperidae" genus="Bothriechis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriechis nitidus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="nitidus">
<emphasis id="E9C97326C74735001CD569470E1776CE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Bothriechis nitidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Ecuador.
@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ capitulum; each hemipenial lobe ornamented with mesial and lateral spines about
<paragraph id="E13140C3A6AE9483EF6988950E4DE77F" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="322795B0181CD9B418B0A0352BC75E73" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Figure 28.</emphasis>
Hemipenial architecture of
<taxonomicName id="AA48062BF088CD1C0777EFFC2005DD23" baseAuthorityName="Guenther" baseAuthorityYear="1859" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Bothriechis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriechis nitidus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nitidus">
<taxonomicName id="AA48062BF088CD1C0777EFFC2005DD23" baseAuthorityName="Guenther" baseAuthorityYear="1859" family="Viperidae" genus="Bothriechis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriechis nitidus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="nitidus">
<emphasis id="7405E83A106C11CCF0C9C119EEA8F3A0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Bothriechis nitidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in sulcate, lateral, and asulcate views.
@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ Biological Reserve, Esmeraldas province, Ecuador. Photos by Amanda Quezada.
<subSubSection id="9B74E4F0F5B081FBE9D6DAE93519E841" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="natural history">
<paragraph id="95152BA29D996F9241E985A8B8C46CBE" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Natural history.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E55011EDBD813F63669E9FE203FFC23D" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="59F3A05D369AC934A26F7148C48AC459" baseAuthorityName="Guenther" baseAuthorityYear="1859" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Bothriechis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriechis nitidus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nitidus">
<taxonomicName id="59F3A05D369AC934A26F7148C48AC459" baseAuthorityName="Guenther" baseAuthorityYear="1859" family="Viperidae" genus="Bothriechis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriechis nitidus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="nitidus">
<emphasis id="E203AF4AC64ADDE989F15E68210ED954" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Bothriechis nitidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is an arboreal snake that inhabits evergreen lowland and montane forests, cloud forests, planted forests, plantations (cacao, coffee, and banana), and rural gardens. We have found vipers of this species at night perched on arboreal vegetation up to 10 m above the ground or, rarely, moving at ground level during the daytime. Individuals of
@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ found the venom of this species to be not hemorrhagic, weakly coagulant, and onl
<subSubSection id="EC2B45167BA18C216A34BBCB99156940" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="2454ECD6395F526387907A2BD548F96C" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9353D0C90A15494C4AFEC6850254986F" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="2CCD2D48BDB3376B91C0D98CCFCF4589" baseAuthorityName="Guenther" baseAuthorityYear="1859" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Bothriechis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriechis nitidus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nitidus">
<taxonomicName id="2CCD2D48BDB3376B91C0D98CCFCF4589" baseAuthorityName="Guenther" baseAuthorityYear="1859" family="Viperidae" genus="Bothriechis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriechis nitidus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="nitidus">
<emphasis id="1EE6313EA29FF57D9F328218FBF5795E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Bothriechis nitidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is endemic to Ecuador. It is known from at least 121 localities (listed in Suppl. material 3) along the Chocoan lowlands and adjacent foothills of the Andes in Ecuador. The species occurs over an area of approximately 37,400 km2 and has been recorded at elevations of 0-2,230 m above sea level (Fig.
@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ It refers to the eye-catching dorsal pattern of the holotype, which is shared by
<paragraph id="7D0C34F3D79BC0E7706C6E31FFEED1CF" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8468FB36973B66BDF726BC943F506D64" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
We consider
<taxonomicName id="5DC2754A51FFF4A8267CD21E64E47474" baseAuthorityName="Guenther" baseAuthorityYear="1859" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Bothriechis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriechis nitidus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nitidus">
<taxonomicName id="5DC2754A51FFF4A8267CD21E64E47474" baseAuthorityName="Guenther" baseAuthorityYear="1859" family="Viperidae" genus="Bothriechis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriechis nitidus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="nitidus">
<emphasis id="CCFCEF0E4B07A44DD885D29BB37BB54C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Bothriechis nitidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be included in the Near Threatened category following IUCN Red List criteria (

View file

@ -1,135 +1,135 @@
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152037583" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4173BB1D089526088D140B0C13CAFD7E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4173BB1D089526088D140B0C13CAFD7E" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Lispe_manicata" authority="Wiedemann, 1830" authorityName="Wiedemann" authorityYear="1830" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Lispe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lispe manicata" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manicata">Lispe manicata Wiedemann, 1830</taxonomicName>
<treatment id="4173BB1D089526088D140B0C13CAFD7E" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152037583" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4173BB1D089526088D140B0C13CAFD7E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4173BB1D089526088D140B0C13CAFD7E" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" scope_family="Muscidae" scope_order="Diptera">
<subSubSection id="DFD9E3DD4CF7FF6355983BCC30AB399A" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="80FD595AFBFDCADCD11F351C464973D0" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="E1A0C98302F60856318BFA613A151628" ID-CoL="6QJV2" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Lispe_manicata" authority="Wiedemann, 1830" authorityName="Wiedemann" authorityYear="1830" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Lispe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lispe manicata" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manicata">Lispe manicata Wiedemann, 1830</taxonomicName>
Figs 1213, 14
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="30" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Xenolispa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xenolispa chiragrica" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chiragrica">Xenolispa chiragrica</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Séguy">Seguy</normalizedToken>
<subSubSection id="09CF010412A45BD90DCA79851B4FA45C" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="0171672A31B29CDAC80C29E7F9B2E39F" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="4E336060C3CE05F13050459ECB6AC1A5" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Xenolispa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xenolispa chiragrica" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chiragrica">Xenolispa chiragrica</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="67D9D358FBCAEC57240E529F30D661A9" originalValue="Séguy">Seguy</normalizedToken>
, 1948.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Lispe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lispe forficata" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="forficata">Lispe forficata</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="883E1A8761F97571DD68DD7F0F1F7028" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="761AA7F5E508F83DB3E586D62787F612" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Lispe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lispe forficata" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="forficata">Lispe forficata</taxonomicName>
Kurahashi &amp; Shinonaga, 2009: 303 syn. nov. Type locality: Malaysia, Borneo, Sarawak, Bario [
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="3.75">3.75°N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="29411B7618F935F11D6F4E7D44CA803B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="3.75">3.75°N</geoCoordinate>
,
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<geoCoordinate id="43DC5D528997296A74AB2BC9961D85C4" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="115.45">115.45°E</geoCoordinate>
].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="30" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">[Indonesia], [Java], Batavia, VI.1908, Jacobson, 1♀ (ZMHU).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
<subSubSection id="D6DDE53E6E46E9B67844B651D1EDFAFC" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" type="material examined">
<paragraph id="15F4F447137B08781AF1D24B6C238190" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B63923A33DE6C0BC4ACDC468D239F051" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">[Indonesia], [Java], Batavia, VI.1908, Jacobson, 1♀ (ZMHU).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="86510637049461CE90A9323EC7E6C6C2" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
Cambodia, Sianoukville prov., Ream Nat. Park, 10. 516°N,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="103.617">103.617°E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="0FD57A557B6277B776A1298688CDA1D7" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="103.617">103.617°E</geoCoordinate>
, 20.IV.2010, O.Kosterin, 1♂.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
<paragraph id="BD9B355B7CA3E32E310EAEECD5933BA8" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
Thailand, Phuket prov.,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="8.043">08.043°N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="CE1257B7F14B7A65DE4267FA22070507" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="8.043">08.043°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="98.277">98.277°E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="B5CA266E7A82307DB3AECB7C8512F778" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="98.277">98.277°E</geoCoordinate>
, 21-26.II.2009, NV, 3♂♂, 2♀♀.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="30" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
<subSubSection id="2A997BDFC35CCF08F5E6379C391F5EAE" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="644D31E1ED603D6C87566D82B53716C6" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF06CE296FA42D2D18934D7299FA4F30" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
South-East Asia: Cambodia, Malaysia (Borneo), Indonesia (Java), Singapore (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Séguy">Seguy</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="1D36366B06777C630906DA64A188A28A" author="Seguy, E" journalOrPublisher="Notes d'Entomologie Chinoise" pageId="10" pageNumber="33" pagination="153 - 172" title="Dipteres nouveaux ou peu connus d'extreme-Orient." volume="12" year="1948">
<normalizedToken id="3760DCFB3E957A6B35BAB4A14744A415" originalValue="Séguy">Seguy</normalizedToken>
1948
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), S Thailand, S Vietnam (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Séguy">Seguy</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="46099A948C45A03D7289808FECCFE3D4" originalValue="Séguy">Seguy</normalizedToken>
1948
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).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="30" type="synonymy">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Synonymy.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
<subSubSection id="7B3F152473ECABCD7E3C0A87CD70B8E8" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" type="synonymy">
<paragraph id="F1717A9519900C1FABEACDD4A76E23DF" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Synonymy.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5BAC528350F1EA0EEFB2AD3A2F1D0F2B" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
The illustrations of wonderfully modified male mid tarsi and characteristic genitalia given by
<bibRefCitation author="Kurahashi, H" journalOrPublisher="Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology" pageId="10" pageNumber="33" pagination="299 - 306" title="Two new species of the Muscid flies from Sarawak, East Malaysia (Diptera, Muscidae)." volume="15" year="2009">Kurahashi and Shinonaga (2009</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 1
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, 3
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<normalizedToken id="69401D57634C79F34C186256EC21B8A0" originalValue="ad">a-d</normalizedToken>
) for
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<taxonomicName id="6C8C76BF5FEB522A9AEB9393F59DBF2B" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Lispe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lispe forficata" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="forficata">Lispe forficata</taxonomicName>
suggest
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conspecifity with
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Lispe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lispe manicata" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manicata">Lispe manicata</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="00C3A140139837018C4E1D2B84CA93A6" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Lispe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lispe manicata" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manicata">Lispe manicata</taxonomicName>
. So,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Lispe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lispe manicata" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manicata">Lispe manicata</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="F7A36BD059F6FF57706113AC7F9E6423" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Lispe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lispe manicata" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manicata">Lispe manicata</taxonomicName>
Wiedemann, 1830 =
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Lispe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lispe forficata" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="forficata">Lispe forficata</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="7F2557502D051D44893F681D8360014E" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Lispe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lispe forficata" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="forficata">Lispe forficata</taxonomicName>
Kurahashi &amp; Shinonaga, 2009, syn. n.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
<paragraph id="6A506062CB77E59DEEAE90DE7F41AC8D" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
The characters of female of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Lispe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lispe forficata" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="forficata">Lispe forficata</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="6ACF72C8B44CC961470DBCF98AF0E5EF" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Lispe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lispe forficata" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="forficata">Lispe forficata</taxonomicName>
were shortly mentioned by
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<bibRefCitation id="1A7BAFD3FD9FFF70DAB7A8F7CAE0E0FC" author="Kurahashi, H" journalOrPublisher="Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology" pageId="10" pageNumber="33" pagination="299 - 306" title="Two new species of the Muscid flies from Sarawak, East Malaysia (Diptera, Muscidae)." volume="15" year="2009">Kurahashi and Shinonaga (2009)</bibRefCitation>
, but these authors did not compare
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Lispe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lispe forficata" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="forficata">Lispe forficata</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="B9D674EC3BAB5BA886DFA251374AFD4A" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Lispe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lispe forficata" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="forficata">Lispe forficata</taxonomicName>
with the most related species
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Lispe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lispe glabra" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glabra">Lispe glabra</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="C87F4F2C6CFB504554D586775AD7DFF5" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Lispe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lispe glabra" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glabra">Lispe glabra</taxonomicName>
and, in my opinion, the diagnostically important characters were either not mentioned or given erroneously. Therefore I find it necessary to provide the description of the female below.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Description of female.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Body length 8.5-9.5 mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Head. Interfrontalia matt black; frontal triangle brownish-black, subshining, narrow, reaching to lunula. Upper half of fronto-orbital plates brownish-black, subshining, lower part dirty-golden dusted, 3-4 inclinate, 2 reclinate setae and a dense outer row of setulae. Parafacials densely whitish dusted, entirely bare. Gena whitish dusted, about 1.5 times as wide as postpedicel; occiput grey dusted, but less dusted in upper 1/3. Vibrissae strong. Antennae black, long; arista haired on basal half or slightly more, longest aristal hairs half as long as width of antenna. Palpi entirely yellow.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Thorax. Pleura and dorsolateral area, including postpronotal lobe and notopleuron, densely grey dusted. Disc of scutum mostly subshining brownish-black, with a pair of thinly dusted vittae situated mesad to dc rows, disc of scutellum subshiny brownish-black. ac hairs in 5-6 irregular rows; dc 0+2, only posterior pair strong (hair-like and indistinct posterior prst dc and 1-2 pairs anterior post dc may be found in some specimens); intraalars 0+1, presutural one absent; supraalars 1+2, the posterior one weak. Katepisternal setae 1+2; anepimeron with 9 (8-10) fine hairs, meron and katepimerom bare. Scutellum bare below at apex. Mesothoracic spiracle yellowish. Wings hyaline, slightly brownish infuscated, vein Mdistinctly curved forward at apex, calypters whitish, halteres yellow.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="31">
<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="31" start="start">Legs</pageBreakToken>
<subSubSection id="DC944909A0DC569DBACACA635E0A0ADF" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" type="description">
<paragraph id="5E103F194CF73C30CAFFD7CAF4520ECA" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Description of female.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B1328EA8723110BD6714CD6FFDCB547" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Body length 8.5-9.5 mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6A2A82E7986FB47E47F3EB800110BF74" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Head. Interfrontalia matt black; frontal triangle brownish-black, subshining, narrow, reaching to lunula. Upper half of fronto-orbital plates brownish-black, subshining, lower part dirty-golden dusted, 3-4 inclinate, 2 reclinate setae and a dense outer row of setulae. Parafacials densely whitish dusted, entirely bare. Gena whitish dusted, about 1.5 times as wide as postpedicel; occiput grey dusted, but less dusted in upper 1/3. Vibrissae strong. Antennae black, long; arista haired on basal half or slightly more, longest aristal hairs half as long as width of antenna. Palpi entirely yellow.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F7B465A9E563D25BCB94574A6C91691" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Thorax. Pleura and dorsolateral area, including postpronotal lobe and notopleuron, densely grey dusted. Disc of scutum mostly subshining brownish-black, with a pair of thinly dusted vittae situated mesad to dc rows, disc of scutellum subshiny brownish-black. ac hairs in 5-6 irregular rows; dc 0+2, only posterior pair strong (hair-like and indistinct posterior prst dc and 1-2 pairs anterior post dc may be found in some specimens); intraalars 0+1, presutural one absent; supraalars 1+2, the posterior one weak. Katepisternal setae 1+2; anepimeron with 9 (8-10) fine hairs, meron and katepimerom bare. Scutellum bare below at apex. Mesothoracic spiracle yellowish. Wings hyaline, slightly brownish infuscated, vein Mdistinctly curved forward at apex, calypters whitish, halteres yellow.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D9F71C7B2F34B94C9F63718B14378B6B" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">
<pageBreakToken id="8D74B99836E5049DCA6C57E2B1828197" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" start="start">Legs</pageBreakToken>
. Legs long, densely grey dusted; black including coxae, but knees and basal half of t2 and t3 brownish-yellow; f1 with a full row of 6 (5-7) pd setae and with a row of fine pv setulae, but in apical half 2-4 setae in pv row are strong (longer than tibial diameter, stronger than setae in pd row); t1 with p seta, preapical d and apical pd and pv; f2 thickened in basal half, f2 with row of 3-5 a-setae in basal 1/3 and 2 pd at apex; t2 with submedian pd; f3 with short av before middle and shorter than setae of ad row, with a full row of ad subequal to femur depth, preapicals: av and pv; t3 with submedian av, ad and pd setae; hind basitarsus with av seta at base.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Abdomen: black with grey pollen. Tergites 1+2 to 5 each with a large blackish spots on dorsal and lateral sides, these spots on tergites 3 and 4 divided at midline by grey dusted interrupted vitta.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Male. Similar to female, but mid tarsi modified: apex of mid basitarsus and 4 apical tarsal segments bright yellow; tar2-2 and tar2-3 enlarged, tar2-4 and tar2-5 strongly enlarged; apex of tar2-1 and tar2-2 with long pd-p setae. Cercal plate as shown on Fig. 12.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6EBC8D4C809BB027F71C61749C152383" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Abdomen: black with grey pollen. Tergites 1+2 to 5 each with a large blackish spots on dorsal and lateral sides, these spots on tergites 3 and 4 divided at midline by grey dusted interrupted vitta.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C69834D2A2E939BCFDE5985C0BA6FC5C" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Male. Similar to female, but mid tarsi modified: apex of mid basitarsus and 4 apical tarsal segments bright yellow; tar2-2 and tar2-3 enlarged, tar2-4 and tar2-5 strongly enlarged; apex of tar2-1 and tar2-2 with long pd-p setae. Cercal plate as shown on Fig. 12.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -1,149 +1,149 @@
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Megalopsalis_porongorupensis" authority="Kauri, 1954" authorityName="Kauri" authorityYear="1954" class="Arachnida" family="Neopilionidae" genus="Megalopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megalopsalis porongorupensis" order="Opiliones" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porongorupensis">Megalopsalis porongorupensis (Kauri, 1954)</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="8" pageNumber="67">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="47C4E0EAC747F2153A780424AE7E3B65" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="9C8BE246DCA50E91CE3A90D7F10EA0B0" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 2a, 4
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Neopilionidae" genus="Spinicrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spinicrus porongorupensis" order="Opiliones" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porongorupensis">Spinicrus porongorupensis</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="DC38C22E97C3DB83C7438E198F6B6FC5" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicName id="D73FF31F89068EF5451C0FABE89D9CFC" class="Arachnida" family="Neopilionidae" genus="Spinicrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spinicrus porongorupensis" order="Opiliones" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porongorupensis">Spinicrus porongorupensis</taxonomicName>
Kauri, 1954: 8-9, fig. 4c (incorrect original spelling).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Neopilionidae" genus="Spinicrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spinicrus porongorupense" order="Opiliones" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porongorupense">Spinicrus porongorupense</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="F0FE1C5B865248C437D8F570D426A6ED" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicName id="4FE4BE9425D874DAB949784EF2D1370F" class="Arachnida" family="Neopilionidae" genus="Spinicrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spinicrus porongorupense" order="Opiliones" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porongorupense">Spinicrus porongorupense</taxonomicName>
Kauri -
<bibRefCitation author="Taylor, CK" journalOrPublisher="Tuhinga" pageId="43" pageNumber="102" pagination="53 - 76" title="New Zealand harvestmen of the subfamily Megalopsalidinae (Opiliones: Monoscutidae) - the genus Pantopsalis." volume="15" year="2004">Taylor 2004</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EF752FBA3D418B24CEF32A72C4D412BC" author="Taylor, CK" journalOrPublisher="Tuhinga" pageId="43" pageNumber="102" pagination="53 - 76" title="New Zealand harvestmen of the subfamily Megalopsalidinae (Opiliones: Monoscutidae) - the genus Pantopsalis." volume="15" year="2004">Taylor 2004</bibRefCitation>
: 76 (spelling emended therein by W.
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<normalizedToken id="8DBF239AC398B1F5DFEAA0E096B81376" originalValue="Staręga">Starega</normalizedToken>
).
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="67" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="67">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="67">
<subSubSection id="12D211A44EB3D23CE3D2A8CA17AFBB45" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" type="material examined">
<paragraph id="B2FC0D9178C760208054D7C9E1777A9A" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3DC7B17F8E6E060C358A288ECE9F2986" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">
5 males, Glenbourne, Old Ellensbrook Road, S of Gracetown, Western Australia,
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<geoCoordinate id="28B646EAE1EDFE4BB7CD162A17BA510B" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-33.883335">33°53'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="115.0">115°00'E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="E8B5932CB21C181A60D6D68C1151091B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="115.0">115°00'E</geoCoordinate>
, 27-28 October 1996, L. Marsh et al., pitfalls (WAM T72175 [2 measured]; T72184 [1 measured]); 2 males, ditto, 27-29 December 1997, L. Marsh et al., dry pitfalls (WAM T72152-3; measured); 1 male, ditto,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-33.91389">33°54'50&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
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,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="115.01583">115°00'57&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="890AFD5CF90A262F5A45D5BE617C99A8" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="115.01583">115°00'57&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 24-26 October 1998, L. Marsh et al., dry pitfall traps (WAM T72161; measured); 1 male, ditto,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-33.90889">33°54'32&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="74A092A789DA8DD88025F304F7CDC71A" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-33.90889">33°54'32&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="115.00667">115°00'24&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="DFC34D63F15ECC56558A3D77080F2739" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="115.00667">115°00'24&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 20-23 October 2000, L. Marsh et al., dry pitfall traps (WAM T72200); 1 male, ditto,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-33.911114">33°54'40&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="0EBB0E5BC613263AD2F096EE636B9163" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-33.911114">33°54'40&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="115.009445">115°00'34&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="70E7CEFC7C3028168ABFDCE1FC6A8B51" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="115.009445">115°00'34&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 24-26 October 1998, L. Marsh et al., dry pitfall traps (WAM T72173); 1 male, ditto, 25-27 October 2003, L. Marsh et al., dry pitfall traps (WAM T72198; measured); 1 male, ditto,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-33.909725">33°54'35&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="92AFBCF2D9126D19207DECD6B9427B1F" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-33.909725">33°54'35&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="115.004166">115°00'15&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="C740B69665A27FBC3A3DD018AF93A1DF" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="115.004166">115°00'15&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 30
<normalizedToken originalValue="October">October-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="111BBE3841A48E61DE654874D29A4689" originalValue="October">October-</normalizedToken>
1 November 1999, L. Marsh et al., dry pitfall traps (WAM T72155; measured); 3 males, ditto,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-33.91389">33°54'50&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="DEE5053684B18184E1388BC80E9E2BCA" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-33.91389">33°54'50&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="115.01583">115°00'57&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="7F26722D124386D686A552413CE7E2FC" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="115.01583">115°00'57&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 30
<normalizedToken originalValue="October">October-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="91CF8A4CCAC6F05DED986AD8F71AEB06" originalValue="October">October-</normalizedToken>
1 November 1999, L. Marsh et al., dry pitfall traps (WAM T72143; 2 measured); 1 male, Pemberton, Crowea Block, Western Australia, 240 m, 17 December 1976, S. J. Curry, pitfall trap (WAM 90/1319); 2 males, ditto, 24 October 1977, S. J. Curry, ridge site, pitfall traps (WAM 90/1321-2); 1 male, ditto, 31 October 1977, S. J. Curry, ridge site, pitfall trap (WAM 90/1335); 1 male, ditto, 11 November 1977, S. J. Curry, ridge site, pitfall trap (WAM 90/1326); 1 male, Porongurup Range, Western Australia, 20 January 1932, E. W. Bennett (WAM 32/217); 1 male, Porongurup National Park, Porongurups, Western Australia,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-34.682167">34°40'55.8&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="F19513CCB0D1D3E721B912CBEE5551C8" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-34.682167">34°40'55.8&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="117.86628">117°51'58.6&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="7E496F22297F67B01BE9A4A837BE61A2" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="117.86628">117°51'58.6&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 570 m, 13 June 1996, S. Barrett, wet pitfalls (WAM T72214); 3 males, Mordalup Road, Unicup, Western Australia,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-34.316944">34°19'01&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="A718CB8B8443820900510A76E4EDC39A" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-34.316944">34°19'01&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="116.53028">116°31'49&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D87AD519BD0511CA23598AD99618AF69" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="116.53028">116°31'49&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 15 Oct 1999-31 Oct 2000, P. van Heurck, wet pitfalls (WAM T73035).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="67" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="67">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Neopilionidae" genus="Megalopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megalopsalis porongorupensis" order="Opiliones" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porongorupensis">Megalopsalis porongorupensis</taxonomicName>
<subSubSection id="D88F0B1E5BBA3B181258955F11E3E915" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D0F0C49810D5F93B8B5C6C2CA3C0A4A6" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="865632A1B80416817D599C1C5408CE60" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicName id="07DF8668797DB63BAFF795FC32DFC6F5" class="Arachnida" family="Neopilionidae" genus="Megalopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megalopsalis porongorupensis" order="Opiliones" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porongorupensis">Megalopsalis porongorupensis</taxonomicName>
is distinguishable from other members of the
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Neopilionidae" genus="Megalopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megalopsalis minima" order="Opiliones" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minima">Megalopsalis minima</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4EE0E47EDF69BBB98B56FAAD4BEC6199" class="Arachnida" family="Neopilionidae" genus="Megalopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megalopsalis minima" order="Opiliones" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minima">Megalopsalis minima</taxonomicName>
-species group by the presence of denticulation on the pedipalp (
<bibRefCitation pageId="8" pageNumber="67">Kauri 1954</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="44B1C0CDCA2086334D1399DE43736552" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">Kauri 1954</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="67">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">
<subSubSection id="14304F543761BAC5CB83CC10B0E34AE3" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" type="description">
<paragraph id="1BF1E6BE817AC982BC23A4FA7BDE8446" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="162B71C7FB671A9BB234BB3CC0A9DABD" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">
MALE (N = 10). Prosoma length 0.81 (0.65-0.91), width 1.55 (1.41-1.74); total body length 1.94 (1.70-2.33). Dorsal prosomal plate including
<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="68" start="start">ocularium</pageBreakToken>
<pageBreakToken id="4B504C7F0EE110984A9B8264011FB074" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" start="start">ocularium</pageBreakToken>
tan with dark mottling; unarmed. Ozopore large. Dorsum of opisthosoma tan with iridescent white spots and broad white median stripe.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Chelicerae. Segment I 1.35 (0.69-2.20), segment II 2.04 (1.23-3.00). Tan; heavily and uniformly denticulate. Cheliceral fingers medium length; mobile finger crescent-shaped (Fig. 4c).</paragraph>
<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="68">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="68">
<paragraph id="E4602A5441654CA439E17447A70B32BB" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Chelicerae. Segment I 1.35 (0.69-2.20), segment II 2.04 (1.23-3.00). Tan; heavily and uniformly denticulate. Cheliceral fingers medium length; mobile finger crescent-shaped (Fig. 4c).</paragraph>
<caption id="B1EEE1FBC52DE1F3317A86B41CFBC9D1" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">
<paragraph id="FCD53C2A7B1D6532D132AA75028E5343" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">
Figure 4.
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Neopilionidae" genus="Megalopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megalopsalis porongorupensis" order="Opiliones" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porongorupensis">Megalopsalis porongorupensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="35A822208AA5051719D550A54127F3E1" class="Arachnida" family="Neopilionidae" genus="Megalopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megalopsalis porongorupensis" order="Opiliones" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porongorupensis">Megalopsalis porongorupensis</taxonomicName>
, male: a body, dorsal view (WAM T72311) b body, lateral view (WAM T72203) c left cheliceral fingers, frontal view (WAM T72175) d glans, ventral view (WAM T72175) e glans, dorsolateral view (WAM T72175).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Pedipalps. Femur 0.83 (0.75-1.00), patella 0.38 (0.31-0.45), tibia 0.45 (0.40-0.52), tarsus 1.05 (0.94-1.19). Tan. Femur and patella heavily denticulate, few scattered large setae only; tibia lightly denticulate proximally. Inner dorsal distal patella slightly bulging but no distinct apophysis. Microtrichia on distal part of tibia and tarsus; claw with ventral tooth row.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Legs. Femora 3.46 (3.08-3.92), 6.68 (6.00-7.34), 3.24 (2.92-3.48), 5.20 (4.65-5.67); patellae 0.73 (0.66-0.84), 0.84 (0.67-0.89), 0.66 (0.56-0.78), 0.80 (0.64-1.00); tibiae 3.16 (2.88-3.42), 7.12 (6.60-7.83), 3.03 (2.70-3.24), 4.78 (4.15-5.27).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="68">
<paragraph id="97CEC90AF49618FB1609335C06218E45" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Pedipalps. Femur 0.83 (0.75-1.00), patella 0.38 (0.31-0.45), tibia 0.45 (0.40-0.52), tarsus 1.05 (0.94-1.19). Tan. Femur and patella heavily denticulate, few scattered large setae only; tibia lightly denticulate proximally. Inner dorsal distal patella slightly bulging but no distinct apophysis. Microtrichia on distal part of tibia and tarsus; claw with ventral tooth row.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="155DB736C5E9D28BAE5DDEABE7722AEE" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Legs. Femora 3.46 (3.08-3.92), 6.68 (6.00-7.34), 3.24 (2.92-3.48), 5.20 (4.65-5.67); patellae 0.73 (0.66-0.84), 0.84 (0.67-0.89), 0.66 (0.56-0.78), 0.80 (0.64-1.00); tibiae 3.16 (2.88-3.42), 7.12 (6.60-7.83), 3.03 (2.70-3.24), 4.78 (4.15-5.27).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="209AC01DCF81FF91DD8CB6F4B7C0DEF4" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">
Penis (Figs 4
<normalizedToken originalValue="de">d-e</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="189FF92BB4C0013BB77E5A8C683368BE" originalValue="de">d-e</normalizedToken>
). Glans short, dorsal edge in line with shaft; stylus at 90° to glans and shaft. Left anterior bristle group reduced; waist in shaft behind bristle groups. Deep pores.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Spiracle (Fig. 2a). Spines almost entirely absent, residual reticulate bases only towards lateral corner; dense field of lace tubercles at lateral corner.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="283C543C07D808CDB9EF798CCEEFFE45" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Spiracle (Fig. 2a). Spines almost entirely absent, residual reticulate bases only towards lateral corner; dense field of lace tubercles at lateral corner.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="69" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="69">
<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="69" start="start">Comments</pageBreakToken>
<subSubSection id="DB5AC1CCFBA89AE0092F74BACC1FA683" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" type="comments">
<paragraph id="8A0D4340F27FA652531AF4001620EF6C" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">
<pageBreakToken id="37CDF8A1AC54A3A5A8BD9DC49F574DDC" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" start="start">Comments</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="69">
<paragraph id="347828B9DD00488094A8BF44B21EF660" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">
Unfortunately, the type specimen(s) of
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Neopilionidae" genus="Megalopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megalopsalis porongorupensis" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porongorupensis">Megalopsalis porongorupensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="51196718CAB91AEAE966C3DFCA8E4C5D" class="Arachnida" family="Neopilionidae" genus="Megalopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megalopsalis porongorupensis" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porongorupensis">Megalopsalis porongorupensis</taxonomicName>
were not available for the present study. This species has been identified based on its original description by
<bibRefCitation pageId="10" pageNumber="69">Kauri (1954)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="05547BE3B47B8FA1632D54B7C2C6AACD" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">Kauri (1954)</bibRefCitation>
, who clearly figured the denticulate pedipalp.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="69">This species shows a relatively large degree of difference in cheliceral size between the largest and smallest individuals, but there is no clear clustering into a larger and a smaller morph.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1A972A80E561A07D51C2DDA4D6A0138E" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">This species shows a relatively large degree of difference in cheliceral size between the largest and smallest individuals, but there is no clear clustering into a larger and a smaller morph.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -1,158 +1,158 @@
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<subSubSection id="F7A0B7CD28ACEB8B33D887328252BC2F" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="DB74DD08374C0909C3ABAB8C9E5EFB0B" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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of
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Pulchritia_dorsicornuta" authority="Van Oye, 1926" authorityName="Van Oye" authorityYear="1926" class="Monogononta" family="Trichotriidae" genus="Pulchritia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pulchritia dorsicornuta" order="Ploima" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="dorsicornuta">Pulchritia dorsicornuta (Van Oye, 1926)</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="4" pageNumber="5">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<taxonomicName id="43AF76F824F6660B12C1DAE8018CDC0B" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Pulchritia_dorsicornuta" authority="Van Oye, 1926" authorityName="Van Oye" authorityYear="1926" genus="Pulchritia" lsidName="Pulchritia dorsicornuta" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species" species="dorsicornuta">Pulchritia dorsicornuta (Van Oye, 1926)</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8CCFDE391F7C0D673E8474E137C15188" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<subSubSection id="0EFF937742DD7DF1C4FB53BDFC965D3D" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="material examined">
<paragraph id="AFC734F281C2E463EA2A7FC3EECA774E" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC7C33B071600BB4E8AB8EDB3AC32EB9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Type material: Neotype (labelled: &quot;
<taxonomicName class="Monogononta" family="Trichotriidae" genus="Pulchritia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pulchritia dorsicornuta" order="Ploima" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="dorsicornuta">Pulchritia dorsicornuta</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="7A4BC245434046FD2BE6CDD67AE22A2C" genus="Pulchritia" lsidName="Pulchritia dorsicornuta" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species" species="dorsicornuta">Pulchritia dorsicornuta</taxonomicName>
(Van Oye, 1926) Neotype. Lohulu River near Bomane, DR Congo, 24 May 2010 (KM-048)&quot;) in Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels Belgium (IG32450, RIR 212).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<paragraph id="922FD0D7D669423104C254A9A3080B9C" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Other material: Abundant specimens of the species were found in two localities: Lulu River near Basoko (sample KM-028:
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="1.2958">1.2958°N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="844729E3B36431D53C92766FA249E75F" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="1.2958">1.2958°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="23.6497">23.6497°E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="AEB6D743611EDC33D0D8BE0BB8C299CD" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="23.6497">23.6497°E</geoCoordinate>
(DD, GPS waypoint Mac 079), altitude. ca. 350 m asl., water temp. 25.8° C, conductivity 16.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="µS">µS</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="3873783C0497F5E728376294A169810D" originalValue="µS">µS</normalizedToken>
/cm), and Lohulu River near Bomane (samples KM-048, KM-049:
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="1.2486">1.2486°N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="833CD3B4BE952FD0537BDC1A562A1C9E" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="1.2486">1.2486°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="23.728">23.7280°E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="F655F36ABD10AFDFB9F5051D7530AA8E" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="23.728">23.7280°E</geoCoordinate>
(DD, GPS waypoint Mac 089), altitude. ca. 410 m asl., water temp. 24.3° C, conductivity 30.4
<normalizedToken originalValue="µS">µS</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="058C60812BD33A60297C543588531143" originalValue="µS">µS</normalizedToken>
/cm, oxygen 0.45 mg/l), both in Orientale province, DR Congo. All samples are from running water. One permanent trophi preparation, and nine permanent slides containing one, three slides containing two, and three slides containing three specimens. Deposited in RBINS and in the CSB-UK.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName class="Monogononta" family="Trichotriidae" genus="Pulchritia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pulchritia dorsicornuta" order="Ploima" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="dorsicornuta">Pulchritia dorsicornuta</taxonomicName>
<subSubSection id="485A879AEFB3249848CFB1D557D3C94D" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="74E2DBCB7EC2B923D2CE7A49FDE16B86" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="41B35AD5A6995A6379F1A1D6192A2053" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName id="7F6175ECAB5132AC04163D3B00124FEF" genus="Pulchritia" lsidName="Pulchritia dorsicornuta" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species" species="dorsicornuta">Pulchritia dorsicornuta</taxonomicName>
comb. n. is unmistakable by the large, S-shaped antero-lateral projections of its ventral lorica. These are completely absent in its closest relative
<taxonomicName class="Monogononta" family="Trichotriidae" genus="Pulchritia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pulchritia kostei" order="Ploima" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="kostei">Pulchritia kostei</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="89C852CEB570905507290366B7E0436D" genus="Pulchritia" lsidName="Pulchritia kostei" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species" species="kostei">Pulchritia kostei</taxonomicName>
comb. n.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<subSubSection id="75A872591EB66B0BF37AC04FEFE8B0FB" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
<paragraph id="14EB6EFDCCDC2A3D973E8638552317B5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E6AD6FF9FF4E199AD04EDA2E4345F80D" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Female (Figs 1, 2
<normalizedToken originalValue="ab">a-b</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="8D78CDA1914CE16979845F7436653562" originalValue="ab">a-b</normalizedToken>
; male unknown): Body: Head largely retracted in trunk lorica, with two lateral stiffened elements protruding from the head aperture. A pigmented spot (eye?) present. Trunk loricate, elliptic in outline, longer than wide, dorso-ventrally compressed. Ventral and dorsal plates fused laterally and caudally, leaving a broad head aperture and a smaller foot aperture. Dorsal plate medially with two semi-longitudinal ridges forming a Y-shaped double dorsal keel, fused to a single dorsal keel terminally. Posterior of dorsal lorica with a weakly protruding rounded margin bearing two pairs of short ridges over the foot aperture. Openings of the lateral antennae in posterior third of body, about halfway between dorsal keel and lateral margin of lorica. Dorsal head aperture margin concave. Ventral plate flat, with two protruding, weakly S-shaped and diverging spines antero-laterally, these separated by a shallow U-shaped sinus. Posterior of ventral plate with a well-defined foot aperture, with rounded anterior and diverging lateral margins. Anal segment indistinct, poorly developed (also in poorly contracted specimens). Foot subterminally, consisting of a short, bilaterally constricted first and an elongate, parallel-sided second foot pseudosegment. Two long, equal toes, these mostly parallel-sided, terminating in a sharp tip.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<paragraph id="47E92E6F34D038A2610F58F0183635C6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Trophi (Figs 2
<normalizedToken originalValue="ce">c-e</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="03E0437921A3A789B15FB7BC9C114659" originalValue="ce">c-e</normalizedToken>
) malleate, almost symmetrical. Fulcrum short, with a small basal plate; rami relatively flat, triangular, with rounded postero-lateral corners and short, curved alulae, inner margins with asymmetrical, protruding teeth-shaped structures. Left uncus with two large frontal and three minor dorsal webbed teeth, right with a single large frontal and four minor teeth, all minor teeth gradually reduced in size from frontal to dorsal. Manubria symmetrical, with elongate and weakly procurved shaft. Head broad, with clear ventral, median and dorsal chambers, anterior chamber with an additional rounded triangular apophysis, dorsal chamber with a recurved hook.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="measurements">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="6" start="start">Measurements</pageBreakToken>
<subSubSection id="79E8A9510E1D524B1D9D911EAF143085" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="measurements">
<paragraph id="5357E51C527889BDE61B0FC0C7965FF3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<pageBreakToken id="B11C54657B34C91F233DDC215EF18078" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" start="start">Measurements</pageBreakToken>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<paragraph id="FBD8C6456B26BF76BA0BDFFE3F279D84" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
(in
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="650E8EFCFF29466454E46860BB72995C" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
. N=12; range, mean).Total length (incl. foot): 180-205, 192; lorica width 92-122, 106; antero-lateral spine length 20-32, 27; head aperture width 37-58, 47; foot aperture width 29-40, 33; length 23-34, 28; first foot pseudosegment length 9-14, 11; second foot pseudosegment length 46-54, 48; toe length 26-32, 29.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName class="Monogononta" family="Trichotriidae" genus="Pulchritia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pulchritia dorsicornuta" order="Ploima" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="dorsicornuta">
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="7" start="start">Pulchritia</pageBreakToken>
<subSubSection id="5721F78B371C5AA1ABD0F90949D3866E" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="4F6B23CD2437EA5BD740B0C1435E7AED" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1BAE3348414459608FD3D79823B51C18" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="C7B562924002299A0056807A3168EF0A" genus="Pulchritia" lsidName="Pulchritia dorsicornuta" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species" species="dorsicornuta">
<pageBreakToken id="DC278129736320698DA819966C43FE0B" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" start="start">Pulchritia</pageBreakToken>
dorsicornuta
</taxonomicName>
comb. n. is only known from the two localities cited above, and from Ruki River near Eala (
<bibRefCitation author="Van Oye, P" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe zoologique de France" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="49 - 54" title="Rotateurs nouveaux du Congo Belge." volume="51" year="1926">Van Oye 1926</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="594623C817BDCFFCAEB59F8E0C596558" author="Van Oye, P" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe zoologique de France" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="49 - 54" title="Rotateurs nouveaux du Congo Belge." volume="51" year="1926">Van Oye 1926</bibRefCitation>
), near Mbandaka, Equator province, DR Congo. Its close relative
<taxonomicName class="Monogononta" family="Trichotriidae" genus="Pulchritia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pulchritia kostei" order="Ploima" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="kostei">Pulchritia kostei</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="195E679E49EB6AC0EE9E27EB1A82D879" genus="Pulchritia" lsidName="Pulchritia kostei" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species" species="kostei">Pulchritia kostei</taxonomicName>
com b. n. is known only from a coastal lagoon, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. We hypothesize that the two represent a vicariant species pair. This is remarkable as there are few examples of such vicariant sister-taxa, possibly originating from allopatric speciation, in rotifers, and patters are blurred by their purportedly superb dispersal potential (
<bibRefCitation author="Segers, H" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="49 - 59" title="Global diversity of rotifers (Rotifera) in freshwater." url="10.1007/s10750-007-9003-7" volume="595" year="2008">Segers 2008</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEA2351526C8DE00E183FF067506D2F" author="Segers, H" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="49 - 59" title="Global diversity of rotifers (Rotifera) in freshwater." url="10.1007/s10750-007-9003-7" volume="595" year="2008">Segers 2008</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Segers, H" editor="Foissner, W" journalOrPublisher="Biodiversity and Conservation" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="303 - 316" title="Diversity and endemism in Rotifera: a review, and Keratella Bory de St Vincent." volume="17" volumeTitle="Protist diversity and geographic distribution." year="2008">Segers and De Smet 2008</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="1A68A2D4296DEFDC78FDDCBB657838F0" author="Segers, H" editor="Foissner, W" journalOrPublisher="Biodiversity and Conservation" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="303 - 316" title="Diversity and endemism in Rotifera: a review, and Keratella Bory de St Vincent." volume="17" volumeTitle="Protist diversity and geographic distribution." year="2008">Segers and De Smet 2008</bibRefCitation>
). Some have been identified before in the genus
<taxonomicName class="Eurotatoria" family="Lecanidae" genus="Lecane" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lecane" order="Ploima" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Rotifera" rank="genus">Lecane</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4B1A58C920328514D9BCACA88DFE" class="Eurotatoria" family="Lecanidae" genus="Lecane" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lecane" order="Ploima" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Rotifera" rank="genus">Lecane</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation author="Segers, H" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="169 - 197" title="The biogeography of littoral Lecane Rotifera." url="10.1007/BF00007845" volume="323" year="1996">Segers 1996</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="3C5CC28FA103C51E2F0D427F29DBE50E" author="Segers, H" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="169 - 197" title="The biogeography of littoral Lecane Rotifera." url="10.1007/BF00007845" volume="323" year="1996">Segers 1996</bibRefCitation>
), but the most notorious example of such a vicariant species-pair is
<taxonomicName class="Eurotatoria" family="Brachionidae" genus="Kellicottia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kellicottia longispina" order="Ploima" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="longispina">Kellicottia longispina</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="94667B74062B04694AA9E4CE421BC082" class="Eurotatoria" family="Brachionidae" genus="Kellicottia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kellicottia longispina" order="Ploima" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="longispina">Kellicottia longispina</taxonomicName>
(Kellicott) and
<taxonomicName class="Eurotatoria" family="Brachionidae" genus="Kellicottia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kellicottia bostoniensis" order="Ploima" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="bostoniensis">Kellicottia bostoniensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="EF27BD0229BE04505B23E8206CB7163C" class="Eurotatoria" family="Brachionidae" genus="Kellicottia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kellicottia bostoniensis" order="Ploima" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="bostoniensis">Kellicottia bostoniensis</taxonomicName>
(Rousselet), in which the former is hypothesized to be of Palaearctic, the latter of Nearctic origin (
<bibRefCitation author="Pejler, B" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Hdyrobiologie" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="165 - 213" title="On the global distribution of the family Brachionidae (Rotatoria)." volume="38" year="1977">Pejler 1977</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="A288886C1676B17E88C4676109F10D01" author="Pejler, B" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Hdyrobiologie" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="165 - 213" title="On the global distribution of the family Brachionidae (Rotatoria)." volume="38" year="1977">Pejler 1977</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<subSubSection id="DF4FF6ACE30E371868AB4A0E7B191A6D" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="comments">
<paragraph id="A9E2EC29D0FFD5E48BCFD9A3C127CE84" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CCC03F30CC2907790A2FD05E26BAD9D0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
The main feature distinguishing
<taxonomicName class="Monogononta" family="Trichotriidae" genus="Pulchritia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pulchritia dorsicornuta" order="Ploima" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="dorsicornuta">Pulchritia dorsicornuta</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="99AEAE41707A1A8B7F3ADE55BA9B1B13" genus="Pulchritia" lsidName="Pulchritia dorsicornuta" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species" species="dorsicornuta">Pulchritia dorsicornuta</taxonomicName>
comb. n. and
<taxonomicName class="Monogononta" family="Trichotriidae" genus="Pulchritia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pulchritia kostei" order="Ploima" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="kostei">Pulchritia kostei</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="8E95432FFA7BB5482C65E1E19FA7C192" genus="Pulchritia" lsidName="Pulchritia kostei" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species" species="kostei">Pulchritia kostei</taxonomicName>
comb. n. is the presence of well-developed antero-lateral spines in the former. As we observed only negligible variability of the antero-lateral spines of
<taxonomicName class="Monogononta" family="Trichotriidae" genus="Pulchritia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pulchritia dorsicornuta" order="Ploima" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="dorsicornuta">Pulchritia dorsicornuta</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="331B0017C7E3EACD3701505F7735D0ED" genus="Pulchritia" lsidName="Pulchritia dorsicornuta" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species" species="dorsicornuta">Pulchritia dorsicornuta</taxonomicName>
comb. n., and as there are no indications at all of such spines in
<taxonomicName class="Monogononta" family="Trichotriidae" genus="Pulchritia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pulchritia kostei" order="Ploima" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="kostei">Pulchritia kostei</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="C3E5F3244D0BD0A836368C3F6AED9392" genus="Pulchritia" lsidName="Pulchritia kostei" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species" species="kostei">Pulchritia kostei</taxonomicName>
comb. n., we can neither exclude nor confirm the possibility that this feature results from phenotypic plasticity and as such would not be taxonomically relevant. Examples of such environmentally induced spine development are common in rotifers, including
<taxonomicName family="Trichotriidae" lsidName="" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="family">Trichotriidae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="80970E33A467C173863C256F9B11C8C1" class="Eurotatoria" family="Trichotriidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Ploima" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Rotifera" rank="family">Trichotriidae</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Gilbert, JJ" journalOrPublisher="Freshwater Biology" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="926 - 938" title="Induction of different defences by two enemies in the rotifer Keratella tropica: response priority and sensitivity to enemy density." url="10.1111/j.1365-2427.2010.02538.x" volume="56" year="2011 a">Gilbert 2011a</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="B1865F3B1CE6B98415C74113F6429B1F" author="Gilbert, JJ" journalOrPublisher="Freshwater Biology" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="926 - 938" title="Induction of different defences by two enemies in the rotifer Keratella tropica: response priority and sensitivity to enemy density." url="10.1111/j.1365-2427.2010.02538.x" volume="56" year="2011 a">Gilbert 2011a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Gilbert, JJ" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="179 - 190" title="Temperature, kairomones, and phenotypic plasticity in the rotifer Keratella tropica (Apstein, 1907)." url="10.1007/s10750-011-0847-5" volume="678" year="2011 b">2011b</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="BA18869C6C4E7AABA2A4A592BFABACEA" author="Gilbert, JJ" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="179 - 190" title="Temperature, kairomones, and phenotypic plasticity in the rotifer Keratella tropica (Apstein, 1907)." url="10.1007/s10750-011-0847-5" volume="678" year="2011 b">2011b</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Koste, W" journalOrPublisher="Borntraeger, Berlin" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" title="Rotatoria. Die Raedertiere Mitteleuropas." year="1978">Koste 1978</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="CCE0882E6A8A640A9A8927FF48AFC6B0" author="Koste, W" journalOrPublisher="Borntraeger, Berlin" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" title="Rotatoria. Die Raedertiere Mitteleuropas." year="1978">Koste 1978</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Luo, Y" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="37 - 44" title="A peculiar case of intraspecific variability in the Chinese Notholca dongtingensis (Rotifera: Monogononta: Brachionidae)." volume="3532" year="2012">Luo et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="166654357AE92AFF151F77CBA303F5A9" author="Luo, Y" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="37 - 44" title="A peculiar case of intraspecific variability in the Chinese Notholca dongtingensis (Rotifera: Monogononta: Brachionidae)." volume="3532" year="2012">Luo et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Wallace, RL" journalOrPublisher="Kenobi Productions, Gent, Belgium and Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, The Netherlands" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" title="Rotifera: Volume 1: Biology, Ecology and Systematics (2 nd Edition). Guides to the Identification of the Microinvertebrates of the Continental Waters of the World 23." year="2006">Wallace et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="73AEA51D0852E2229C3B85CF503B269C" author="Wallace, RL" journalOrPublisher="Kenobi Productions, Gent, Belgium and Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, The Netherlands" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" title="Rotifera: Volume 1: Biology, Ecology and Systematics (2 nd Edition). Guides to the Identification of the Microinvertebrates of the Continental Waters of the World 23." year="2006">Wallace et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
). We prefer to remain cautious and treat the two as separate taxa, pending proof to the contrary.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

View file

@ -1,296 +1,296 @@
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<mods:namePart>Nilova, Maya V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Marchioretto, Maria Salete</mods:namePart>
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10.
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<taxonomicName family="Microteaceae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. maypurensis var. angustifolia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="variety" species="maypurensis" variety="angustifolia">M. maypurensis var. angustifolia</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="28EC7409CD49A852BF5C9EB7C374EC9A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Microteaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. maypurensis var. angustifolia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="maypurensis" variety="angustifolia">M. maypurensis var. angustifolia</taxonomicName>
Moq. in DC., Prodr. 13(2): 18 (1849). Lectotype (Sennikov &amp; Sukhorukov, designated here): BRAZIL. Jacobina Mountains in Bahia, 1836, Blanchet 2588 (P00798998!).
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Lectotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<subSubSection id="45592B717D37BC8C29D7821738627801" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="lectotype">
<paragraph id="775AA12F2AB4C6BF8172C416A0A357D0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Lectotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E75D3A19EF84755986D34C417D17EE6" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
(designated by
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/2395128" author="Nowicke, WH" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="294 - 364" refId="B37" refString="Nowicke, WH, 1968. Palynotaxonomic study of the Phytolaccaceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 55 (3): 294 - 364, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2395128" title="Palynotaxonomic study of the Phytolaccaceae." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/2395128" volume="55" year="1968">Nowicke 1968</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="44EA1471C8EBF9F618BF6F40CDBB4B8D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/2395128" author="Nowicke, WH" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="294 - 364" refId="B37" refString="Nowicke, WH, 1968. Palynotaxonomic study of the Phytolaccaceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 55 (3): 294 - 364, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2395128" title="Palynotaxonomic study of the Phytolaccaceae." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/2395128" volume="55" year="1968">Nowicke 1968</bibRefCitation>
: 352): BRAZIL.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Espírito">Espirito</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="45C78644143EB3EF472BB468BA871C22" originalValue="Espírito">Espirito</normalizedToken>
Santo State, Pico
<normalizedToken originalValue="dHabira">d'Habira</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="EE7E2C4EC768EFE6F6F720822F2106EE" originalValue="dHabira">d'Habira</normalizedToken>
[Pico do Itabira], 1843,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Claussen 392</emphasis>
<emphasis id="7904C35AC2D7458BB3A5B4436EF525C4" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Claussen 392</emphasis>
(P00743993!).
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<paragraph id="DFF8B6E968FA9617BEDEA72D8BD0C4B3" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="76690A359F47DEC41D2C291827EF4042" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
Annual or short-lived perennial herb with several or numerous stems 10-40 cm high; leaves sessile (sometimes rosulate leaves shortly pedunculate), cuneate, 10-30 mm long and 0.3-3.0(5.0) mm wide; inflorescence a spike; pedicels 1.35-1.7(2.5) mm; flowers with a bract and two bracteoles, perianth segments 5, white, oblong; stamens 6-8, stigmas 3-5, thin; fruit 0.9-1.1
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="2FD09B8A77E870DD5B0A1CBDE6E24AA2" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.0-1.1 mm (Fig.
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), equal to perianth or slightly protruding; pericarp smooth or with small and scattered tubercles (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="795D0C7D6F80AD126435EE6FEDF76226" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Fruits and seeds of Microtea maypurensis and M. tenuifolia: A, B fruit of M. maypurensis, enclosed in the perianth (Bolivia, La Paz Dept., Beni river, Jul 1886, H. H. Rusby 1379, LE) C, D seed of M. maypurensis (Bolivia, La Paz Dept., Beni river, Jul 1886, H. H. Rusby 1379, LE) E, F fruit of M. tenuifolia enclosed in the perianth (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Serrra das Vertentes, Jun 1893, A. Glaziou 20437, B) G, H seed of M. tenuifolia (Brazil, Jacobina Mountains in Bahia, 1836, Blanchet 2588, P 00798998). Magnification: A, E - 30 x, B, F - 100 x, C, G - 50 x, D, H - 300 x." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.115.29041.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/255661" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">8F</figureCitation>
), more or less reticulate, readily scraped off the seed; seed 0.9-1.1 mm, with rough surface (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="B8903EE59CCF223F3FC9B0BF060F508F" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Fruits and seeds of Microtea maypurensis and M. tenuifolia: A, B fruit of M. maypurensis, enclosed in the perianth (Bolivia, La Paz Dept., Beni river, Jul 1886, H. H. Rusby 1379, LE) C, D seed of M. maypurensis (Bolivia, La Paz Dept., Beni river, Jul 1886, H. H. Rusby 1379, LE) E, F fruit of M. tenuifolia enclosed in the perianth (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Serrra das Vertentes, Jun 1893, A. Glaziou 20437, B) G, H seed of M. tenuifolia (Brazil, Jacobina Mountains in Bahia, 1836, Blanchet 2588, P 00798998). Magnification: A, E - 30 x, B, F - 100 x, C, G - 50 x, D, H - 300 x." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.115.29041.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/255661" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">8H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<paragraph id="9090B36E03AD3404E0D9A6823E4E3369" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
We report for the first time that the perianth/fruit ratio is a useful distinguishing character for this species. Also, the number of stigmas can be useful in delimiting
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">M. tenuifolia</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="EEE5D62564D02C10750A4E73E680CFA0" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">M. tenuifolia</emphasis>
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and similar forms of
<taxonomicName family="Microteaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. celosioides" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="celosioides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">M. celosioides</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2C4A8D8C8309A0406C357BA278756476" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Microteaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. celosioides" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="celosioides">
<emphasis id="988940570895E653EA673D3418D99077" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">M. celosioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with narrower leaves. The character set of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Moq. in DC., Prodr. 13 (2): 18" authorityYear="1849" family="Microteaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. tenuifolia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="tenuifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">M. tenuifolia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="DABF05F2C37565AB8D0C9900D5836BCD" authorityName="Moq. in DC., Prodr. 13 (2): 18" authorityYear="1849" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Microteaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. tenuifolia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenuifolia">
<emphasis id="1E52E32AD1C4A75C6DA1FDD2EE3CC207" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">M. tenuifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
supports its close relationship to
<taxonomicName authorityName="G. Don, Hort. Brit. [Loudon]: 98" authorityYear="1830" baseAuthorityName="Kunth" family="Microteaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. maypurensis" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="maypurensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">M. maypurensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="538DDAD8B3DDC6F39776E32F100361E3" authorityName="G. Don, Hort. Brit. [Loudon]: 98" authorityYear="1830" baseAuthorityName="Kunth" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Microteaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. maypurensis" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maypurensis">
<emphasis id="D85E8985FB072C715F32A72FC4387B7B" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">M. maypurensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, especially the forms with reduced pericarp outgrowths. Remarkably,
<bibRefCitation author="Moquin-Tandon, A" editor="De Candolle, A" journalOrPublisher="13, pt. 2. V. Masson, Paris" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="3 - 40" refId="B34" refString="Moquin-Tandon, A, 1849. Phytolaccaceae. In: De Candolle, A, Ed., Prodromus systematis universalis regni vegetabilis, Vol. 13, pt. 2. V. Masson, Paris: 3 - 40" title="Phytolaccaceae." volumeTitle="Prodromus systematis universalis regni vegetabilis, Vol." year="1849">Moquin-Tandon (1849)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="4EF28DA67582CACC573434D19F886D3E" author="Moquin-Tandon, A" editor="De Candolle, A" journalOrPublisher="13, pt. 2. V. Masson, Paris" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="3 - 40" refId="B34" refString="Moquin-Tandon, A, 1849. Phytolaccaceae. In: De Candolle, A, Ed., Prodromus systematis universalis regni vegetabilis, Vol. 13, pt. 2. V. Masson, Paris: 3 - 40" title="Phytolaccaceae." volumeTitle="Prodromus systematis universalis regni vegetabilis, Vol." year="1849">Moquin-Tandon (1849)</bibRefCitation>
described a new variety of
<taxonomicName authorityName="G. Don, Hort. Brit. [Loudon]: 98" authorityYear="1830" baseAuthorityName="Kunth" family="Microteaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. maypurensis" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="maypurensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">M. maypurensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F1A92E525D8EE837362E5CAAF2420C37" authorityName="G. Don, Hort. Brit. [Loudon]: 98" authorityYear="1830" baseAuthorityName="Kunth" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Microteaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. maypurensis" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maypurensis">
<emphasis id="CA65184C5C5195FAD2FD0564C7E80BA6" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">M. maypurensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(var.
<taxonomicName family="Microteaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="var. angustifolia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="variety" species="maypurensis" variety="angustifolia">angustifolia</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="882E416A376DA23445AEC0432A4B7166" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Microteaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="var. angustifolia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="maypurensis" variety="angustifolia">angustifolia</taxonomicName>
Moq.) represented by two specimens of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Moq. in DC., Prodr. 13 (2): 18" authorityYear="1849" family="Microteaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. tenuifolia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="tenuifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">M. tenuifolia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D74D600BF60933FA0C56E1A4ACE4FCD4" authorityName="Moq. in DC., Prodr. 13 (2): 18" authorityYear="1849" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Microteaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. tenuifolia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenuifolia">
<emphasis id="AE1E569D473B0796A8E43FCCEF87A052" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">M. tenuifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(P00743955! and P00798998!) and one specimen containing two individuals,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Moq. in DC., Prodr. 13 (2): 18" authorityYear="1849" family="Microteaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. tenuifolia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="tenuifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">M. tenuifolia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6EDD2105EB41B8D4A89203D0AD312CCB" authorityName="Moq. in DC., Prodr. 13 (2): 18" authorityYear="1849" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Microteaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. tenuifolia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenuifolia">
<emphasis id="EB7B5FB5EB74A6A9BA321B0EE4EDC007" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">M. tenuifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and a narrow-leaved
<taxonomicName authorityName="G. Don, Hort. Brit. [Loudon]: 98" authorityYear="1830" baseAuthorityName="Kunth" family="Microteaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. maypurensis" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="maypurensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">M. maypurensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C3585C44CC72EE835FADFC1A97F45592" authorityName="G. Don, Hort. Brit. [Loudon]: 98" authorityYear="1830" baseAuthorityName="Kunth" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Microteaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. maypurensis" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maypurensis">
<emphasis id="3432E4B8ECC96179EA04F90D65E301AF" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">M. maypurensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(leg.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Blanchet 2588</emphasis>
<emphasis id="6DDF77EA20607B438948AA14C657B8E1" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Blanchet 2588</emphasis>
, P00743954!). The figure of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Moq. in DC., Prodr. 13 (2): 18" authorityYear="1849" family="Microteaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. tenuifolia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="tenuifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">M. tenuifolia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B4728C8CB6CF8976324A86F8E7A58E96" authorityName="Moq. in DC., Prodr. 13 (2): 18" authorityYear="1849" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Microteaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. tenuifolia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenuifolia">
<emphasis id="09E938F914238628FB3AA367CA6BA9F9" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">M. tenuifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation author="Calio, MF" journalOrPublisher="Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="15 - 16" refId="B11" refString="Calio, MF, Pirani, JR, 2006. Flora de Grao Mogol, Minas Gerais: Phytolaccaceae. Boletim de Botanica, Departamento de Botanica. Instituto de Biociencias. Universidade de Sao Paulo 24: 15 - 16" title="Flora de Grao Mogol, Minas Gerais: Phytolaccaceae. Boletim de Botanica, Departamento de Botanica. Instituto de Biociencias." volume="24" year="2006">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Calió">Calio</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="5B592A8E81ED4BBE8AE0978426F4DAC0" author="Calio, MF" journalOrPublisher="Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="15 - 16" refId="B11" refString="Calio, MF, Pirani, JR, 2006. Flora de Grao Mogol, Minas Gerais: Phytolaccaceae. Boletim de Botanica, Departamento de Botanica. Instituto de Biociencias. Universidade de Sao Paulo 24: 15 - 16" title="Flora de Grao Mogol, Minas Gerais: Phytolaccaceae. Boletim de Botanica, Departamento de Botanica. Instituto de Biociencias." volume="24" year="2006">
<normalizedToken id="63C8C72FEC8989B4A78B8369DA894892" originalValue="Calió">Calio</normalizedToken>
and Pirani (2006)
</bibRefCitation>
showing the tuberculate perianth is rather an exception, and the individuals with pericarp lacking the outgrowths have so far been collected more frequently.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Forest margins, rocky places; 0-1000 m.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="8CA45A3784DB95218395BF03996C08C7" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="F6D892CFA3ABA1EE42739E7A191A6320" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DBA24701A47728453CC007DD0788B8E6" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Forest margins, rocky places; 0-1000 m.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<pageBreakToken pageId="35" pageNumber="36" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
<subSubSection id="120EE46B92D289196DC6FC65A75BCBB8" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="5F3A26B25FC463D345F4D51D0F61567C" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<pageBreakToken id="9F1B8ABFBF219969D888DE1A31687E08" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<paragraph id="EA57573C3F2C83ED14D9796E91F510D1" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
Endemic to Eastern Brazil, found only in Bahia,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Espírito">Espirito</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="B2E12EBA54C2BCAD6F24BAD68453B662" originalValue="Espírito">Espirito</normalizedToken>
Santo, Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro States (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Distribution map of Microtea tenuifolia." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.115.29041.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/255678" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">25</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="D725F6359C593D918B0ECB215C73FEF6" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Distribution map of Microtea tenuifolia." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.115.29041.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/255678" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">25</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="2542415" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.115.29041.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/255678" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" start="Figure 25" startId="F25">
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Figure 25.</emphasis>
<caption id="2635EF37D797678518281EC88DC33A7C" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2542415" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.115.29041.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/255678" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" start="Figure 25" startId="F25">
<paragraph id="AB9A64066CCA61E5E511CCD44A209070" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="D24297DC16F351D908BAEEF86F2964BA" bold="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Figure 25.</emphasis>
Distribution map of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Moq" authorityYear="1849" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phytolaccaceae" genus="Microtea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Microtea tenuifolia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenuifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Microtea tenuifolia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F2257B57048E5D340D8AC140AD179C56" authorityName="Moq" authorityYear="1849" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phytolaccaceae" genus="Microtea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Microtea tenuifolia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenuifolia">
<emphasis id="6435C29D010E33D69810D4EB60316C62" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Microtea tenuifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">BRAZIL</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="D478C36E940BB696544B678F90104B6D" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="3E5FD84C0BCB6F1563E64FBAC14145E4" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="33A62DF1CCB3D352878538DDBA840CDB" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="9ADF2F4EC68DD2B97534833FB656E042" bold="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">BRAZIL</emphasis>
:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Bahia</emphasis>
<emphasis id="390548906E1673EA744D3E192D46F875" bold="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Bahia</emphasis>
: 4 km SW of Belmonte, 23 Mar 1974,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">R.M. Harley 17305</emphasis>
<emphasis id="177AD1BA7F5531C8B430B3D66F55A519" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">R.M. Harley 17305</emphasis>
(K, P04598081, U17305, U1473428); see lectotype of
<taxonomicName family="Microteaceae" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. maypurensis var. angustifolia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" rank="variety" species="maypurensis" variety="angustifolia">M. maypurensis var. angustifolia</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="775DC4FBC677BC8115904124BE660383" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Microteaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. maypurensis var. angustifolia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="maypurensis" variety="angustifolia">M. maypurensis var. angustifolia</taxonomicName>
; Jacobina, [without date],
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Blanchet 153</emphasis>
<emphasis id="D2341E02BE567E62D905B7896052CC9F" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Blanchet 153</emphasis>
(BM000019209); Morro do Chapeu, 1000 m, 1 Jun 1980,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">R.M. Harley 22924</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C7E983D92A7F127BE1F210D8DCB96653" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">R.M. Harley 22924</emphasis>
(U1473452);
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Espírito">Espirito</normalizedToken>
<emphasis id="DA4E1F33C8031F98EE583DA9744BBA51" bold="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<normalizedToken id="18F61F9AAF3181BB81116721EAC20598" originalValue="Espírito">Espirito</normalizedToken>
Santo
</emphasis>
: see lectotype of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Moq. in DC., Prodr. 13 (2): 18" authorityYear="1849" family="Microteaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. tenuifolia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="tenuifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">M. tenuifolia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="127A70CA33A626B8629D38593788F359" authorityName="Moq. in DC., Prodr. 13 (2): 18" authorityYear="1849" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Microteaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. tenuifolia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenuifolia">
<emphasis id="C7A920BA5D46EED57F07ABA6DE8C247B" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">M. tenuifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Minas Gerais</emphasis>
<emphasis id="D549FC485D3ED879CBBC8819C89BCC44" bold="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Minas Gerais</emphasis>
: [without exact location] Feb 1839,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Riedel 48</emphasis>
<emphasis id="50FC0C67C2AD6FE0BEC37DAF28101710" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Riedel 48</emphasis>
(P007990000); [without exact location] 1841,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Claussen 4</emphasis>
<emphasis id="026C2E474AE4FCF6BC2066A3B30B2FE5" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Claussen 4</emphasis>
(P00743934); [without exact location] 1845,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Widgren s.n.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="9232B083D8CF33561AE9609361CCB971" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Widgren s.n.</emphasis>
(M); Caldas, 5 May 1870,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">A. Glaziou 11</emphasis>
<emphasis id="D205A23D14984E6EFF35CB7BCB305884" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">A. Glaziou 11</emphasis>
(P04598116); Caldas, 15 May 1870,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">A.T. Regnell s.n.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="E5635380D79DF337D28A0C920530EAEB" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">A.T. Regnell s.n.</emphasis>
(B); Serrra das Vertentes, Jun 1893,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">A. Glaziou 20437</emphasis>
<emphasis id="E31E68521BBE29CB54E39BA6459EE7FA" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">A. Glaziou 20437</emphasis>
(B, K, P04598119); Turvo, 24 Apr 1926,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">W. Hohne &amp; A. Gehrt s.n.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="D1CC854E34E7C2380683B5646515CABA" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">W. Hohne &amp; A. Gehrt s.n.</emphasis>
(PACA 76840);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Buenópolis">Buenopolis</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="FC28A53C491E32CBB42D64991AF5CA08" originalValue="Buenópolis">Buenopolis</normalizedToken>
Mun., Curimatai, [without date]
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">A. Glaziou 13127</emphasis>
<emphasis id="5F68DDEF63CDBB49CCDD224AF2479D1B" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">A. Glaziou 13127</emphasis>
(P04598093);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Buenópolis">Buenopolis</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="D29E80462EE4C6FD9CDB6C167CB5D1D9" originalValue="Buenópolis">Buenopolis</normalizedToken>
Mun., Curimatai, [without date]
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">A. Glaziou 19399</emphasis>
<emphasis id="BA9015CBE156AD1FDF44FF41582C9AAA" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">A. Glaziou 19399</emphasis>
(P04598074); Serra do Espinhaco, 15 Feb 1969,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">H.S. Irwin et al. 23315</emphasis>
<emphasis id="8240F76F5A10CCD23A425A12B5AF6892" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">H.S. Irwin et al. 23315</emphasis>
(G); Bacia do
<normalizedToken originalValue="Córrego">Corrego</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="00B1F5BC247D5397DCA837940AA52CC0" originalValue="Córrego">Corrego</normalizedToken>
Escurona,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Grão">Grao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="84C0CD78A3309990A1915B1FAFF581A2" originalValue="Grão">Grao</normalizedToken>
Mogol, 2 Nov 1987,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">M.C. Assis &amp; al. s.n.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="D6F07CB371B3D97912B5C13269D98FF8" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">M.C. Assis &amp; al. s.n.</emphasis>
(PACA 76297); Vale do Rio
<normalizedToken originalValue="Itacambiruçu">Itacambirucu</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="8D241AD2CE834C8FBDD77A7FB3E55830" originalValue="Itacambiruçu">Itacambirucu</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Grão">Grao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="A52EC480DD915860A56B708C50203B75" originalValue="Grão">Grao</normalizedToken>
Mogol, 10 Dec 1989,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">A. Freire-Fierres et al. s.n.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="366385914EA7264D04159BA803ACBEFB" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">A. Freire-Fierres et al. s.n.</emphasis>
(PACA
<pageBreakToken pageId="36" pageNumber="37" start="start">76298</pageBreakToken>
<pageBreakToken id="82BEF350EEA5A4490275A400623B1154" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" start="start">76298</pageBreakToken>
); Vale do
<normalizedToken originalValue="Córrgo">Corrgo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="663D00ABB5ABA9D7DDF23D38CEE5DA55" originalValue="Córrgo">Corrgo</normalizedToken>
Escurona,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Grão">Grao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="D9EB3A2EB34C4031AE53CF56CE0B8B02" originalValue="Grão">Grao</normalizedToken>
Mogol, 13 Jun 1990,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">A.A. Oliveira et al. s.n.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="BB3A13D177D7E4E853A81E45C4A8DD2A" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">A.A. Oliveira et al. s.n.</emphasis>
(PACA 76299); Serra dos Inconfidentes, Pico do Itabirito, Itabirito, 4 Jan 1994,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">W.A. Teixeira s.n.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="009B911D4ECF4D1B7EFECB6F8E4108D6" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">W.A. Teixeira s.n.</emphasis>
(PACA);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Estação">Estacao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ecológica">Ecologica</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="FA451418DE688BDE1AE5FF0683D6D66A" originalValue="Estação">Estacao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="FD22805607085FC97B244DE7229CF08D" originalValue="Ecológica">Ecologica</normalizedToken>
da Mata do Cedro,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Carmópolis">Carmopolis</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="57881E96873CFA0C360741E9B84742D5" originalValue="Carmópolis">Carmopolis</normalizedToken>
, 13 Jul 2004,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">L. Echternacht &amp; T. Dornas 573</emphasis>
<emphasis id="82D33C8B988F6E4DE1DBF7524E66F3AE" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">L. Echternacht &amp; T. Dornas 573</emphasis>
(PACA);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Estação">Estacao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ecológica">Ecologica</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="A622585EA766E91D71E06FE626A26D58" originalValue="Estação">Estacao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="E7D3EF56E1D1D26AC4D78AE0117F6410" originalValue="Ecológica">Ecologica</normalizedToken>
da Mata do Cedro,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Carmópolis">Carmopolis</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="B754F2C782A05F7332F00CFDDFB08D0D" originalValue="Carmópolis">Carmopolis</normalizedToken>
, 23 Jan 2005,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">L. Echternacht &amp; T. Dornas 830</emphasis>
<emphasis id="E525AB9FB3C0DC30CDE174C3F131E99B" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">L. Echternacht &amp; T. Dornas 830</emphasis>
(PACA);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Grão">Grao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="70ED514C6114D64B06B34F342BD60492" originalValue="Grão">Grao</normalizedToken>
Mogol Mun., Parque Estadual de
<normalizedToken originalValue="Grão">Grao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="713B7BB8AF1F2296515824A841FB6C2B" originalValue="Grão">Grao</normalizedToken>
Mogol, 13 Apr 2006,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">C.V. Vidal 177</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B97C8FF0A33EE4D3E44E861B594C6E80" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">C.V. Vidal 177</emphasis>
(PACA); Santana do Riacho Mun., Entre a Rodovia BR 251 e
<normalizedToken originalValue="Grão">Grao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="DA11CE321C5053F81F944EC38710E9B8" originalValue="Grão">Grao</normalizedToken>
Mogol, Cachoeira
<normalizedToken originalValue="Véu">Veu</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="8A69B484C914D6F8AFF35EFBE72E3B6B" originalValue="Véu">Veu</normalizedToken>
de Noiva, 15 Mar 2007,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">M.S. Marchioretto 352 &amp; 355</emphasis>
<emphasis id="E7409BBD18E16DED2E1EBAEAC7F2D6CA" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">M.S. Marchioretto 352 &amp; 355</emphasis>
(PACA);
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Rio de Janeiro</emphasis>
<emphasis id="27FE6AD9F1E4419BDB6A789C1B2FCDE8" bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Rio de Janeiro</emphasis>
: nr Rio de Janeiro, Feb 1882,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">A. Glaziou 13127</emphasis>
<emphasis id="BB438050F73E03612199A9E847CE6849" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">A. Glaziou 13127</emphasis>
(G, K); Rio de Janeiro, 1887,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">A. Glaziou 17748</emphasis>
<emphasis id="61835A62EC6D79AB425AD660F0A6C59B" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">A. Glaziou 17748</emphasis>
(LE).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

View file

@ -1,189 +1,189 @@
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 18" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 8. Dasypolia (Tatsipolia and Auropolia) spp., adults. Depositories of the specimens: 1 - 4 and 8 in TAAHU 5 in AFM 6 in HNHM (photo by B. Toth) 7 in ZSM." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1115.84527.figures1-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/723065" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Figs 4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 911" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 9 - 11. Dasypolia (Tatsipolia) spp., male genitalia. The specimens dissected are deposited in TAAHU." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1115.84527.figures9-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/723066" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">, 11</figureCitation>
<subSubSection id="DE5D858D6975172035CEDE5B39A892D6" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="description">
<paragraph id="C804F6310DA3D63690B6982BD3CE8153" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<figureCitation id="D1C686FE8DC697D14415FCF835DC5ABE" captionStart="Figures 18" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 8. Dasypolia (Tatsipolia and Auropolia) spp., adults. Depositories of the specimens: 1 - 4 and 8 in TAAHU 5 in AFM 6 in HNHM (photo by B. Toth) 7 in ZSM." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1115.84527.figures1-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/723065" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Figs 4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="75379B14D754EF8BB3460D2E8353C74C" captionStart="Figures 911" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 9 - 11. Dasypolia (Tatsipolia) spp., male genitalia. The specimens dissected are deposited in TAAHU." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1115.84527.figures9-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/723066" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">, 11</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Holotype</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="01087B989F0352181AADF828A0540DC9" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="type material">
<paragraph id="6273B42F4943D631B9D0ABEFD5006859" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7891BDAEDC81AF7F94DA108EAE7BB99A" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<emphasis id="51208634009A98D1AA84FA0C805E2173" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Holotype</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 18" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 8. Dasypolia (Tatsipolia and Auropolia) spp., adults. Depositories of the specimens: 1 - 4 and 8 in TAAHU 5 in AFM 6 in HNHM (photo by B. Toth) 7 in ZSM." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1115.84527.figures1-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/723065" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="5FA816E047558BB286FCFFF922B36391" captionStart="Figures 18" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 8. Dasypolia (Tatsipolia and Auropolia) spp., adults. Depositories of the specimens: 1 - 4 and 8 in TAAHU 5 in AFM 6 in HNHM (photo by B. Toth) 7 in ZSM." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1115.84527.figures1-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/723065" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 911" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 9 - 11. Dasypolia (Tatsipolia) spp., male genitalia. The specimens dissected are deposited in TAAHU." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1115.84527.figures9-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/723066" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">11</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="D1025AC1F686A39BBD3A41B6FBB92892" captionStart="Figures 911" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 9 - 11. Dasypolia (Tatsipolia) spp., male genitalia. The specimens dissected are deposited in TAAHU." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1115.84527.figures9-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/723066" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">11</figureCitation>
): male, &quot;STS-32788 | Sejila Mountain, Linzhi City, | Xizang, China, | N:29°37'2&quot; | E:94°38'30&quot; | 4-X-2020 | h [Altitude] 4500 m (coll. Pan Zhaohui | and Chen Enyong)&quot; gen. prep. in glycerol by Enyong Chen (TAAHU).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<subSubSection id="58782D3EE7BF0DDCC21B394348F7F540" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="829B9A70ED2AEB99BD2C9F45A5F4CC4B" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="922F149E27D4D9011DB52CEA9EEFE494" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
The new species is very similar to the sympatric
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. sejilaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="sejilaensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">D. sejilaensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="84693A7E9D534DFF71FF0CFF4E2F1C00" lsidName="D. sejilaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="sejilaensis">
<emphasis id="E185591D1043254DB6B19A961190DE15" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">D. sejilaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. but differs in the greyish-brown hindwing with a smaller and rounded discal spot whereas the hindwing of
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. sejilaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="sejilaensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">D. sejilaensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2A6FDB9EDBC178810EE8AA87C5E493FF" lsidName="D. sejilaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="sejilaensis">
<emphasis id="3471FC6044F88B33EF302800CF975C12" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">D. sejilaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is creamy with intense greyish suffusion outwardly and along the costal and the anal margins, and the discal spot is large and falcate. The abdomen of
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. cerritula" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="cerritula">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">D. cerritula</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="811660DABBA00C16A0B15A8B19B4F630" lsidName="D. cerritula" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="cerritula">
<emphasis id="A788C3D873C3EAA55639E98364B09B5E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">D. cerritula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is covered with black hair-like scales medially and distally whereas it is monotonous brown in
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. sejilaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="sejilaensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">D. sejilaensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="09B15D3254F60F68EDAB2A7612E064C9" lsidName="D. sejilaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="sejilaensis">
<emphasis id="806BBE7169AAF9F6FEFB327FCFAF9010" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">D. sejilaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. Compared to
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. sejilaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="sejilaensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">D. sejilaensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5F18C79BCD88A2973AFDAEC2433A72E7" lsidName="D. sejilaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="sejilaensis">
<emphasis id="4619BFAAD8A43BB4D768FC34FD0686E7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">D. sejilaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., the male genital capsule of
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. cerritula" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="cerritula">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">D. cerritula</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E95B9D35542079B841FA56492B0D8535" lsidName="D. cerritula" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="cerritula">
<emphasis id="DF66F5839BA6F2EEF453A8D6016FDBAD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">D. cerritula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. has a narrower uncus, a larger penicular lobe with a more elongated posterior corner, and a shorter valva with a markedly broader cucullus densely covered with more robust setae. Additionally, the digitus of
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. cerritula" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="cerritula">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">D. cerritula</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F684847588DAC05BDA7FCE969C082B84" lsidName="D. cerritula" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="cerritula">
<emphasis id="76755F72C7AB6073F286B79FF1928894" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">D. cerritula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is shorter and narrower than in
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. sejilaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="sejilaensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">D. sejilaensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B84DF160D26AE60BDA47F93AD928F377" lsidName="D. sejilaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="sejilaensis">
<emphasis id="A134A65509BBC916ECE0E9E1D6B60E9D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">D. sejilaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., the ventral lobe of the valva is conspicuously narrower and shorter, the harpe is absent (it is present in
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. sejilaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="sejilaensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">D. sejilaensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A6D74AB5206BD3D1A94CF21BF3A1341E" lsidName="D. sejilaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="sejilaensis">
<emphasis id="4ED4D562D1FAC4EC876B5915406436F9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">D. sejilaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.), and the juxta is narrower and bears a somewhat shorter and basally broader posterior medial process. The phalli of the two species display no remarkable differences. The vesica of
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. cerritula" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="cerritula">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">D. cerritula</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C86C90269AA50AB50B1CA6C6E4C9529D" lsidName="D. cerritula" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="cerritula">
<emphasis id="FA45741DCBB157958F7BFDF3F3182D68" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">D. cerritula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is similar to that of
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. sejilaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="sejilaensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">D. sejilaensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5E310186BD592B3F9D347EC4E503FFC9" lsidName="D. sejilaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="sejilaensis">
<emphasis id="A1AD814322555176B0C1287D33E3739E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">D. sejilaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. but differs in the presence of an additional small cluster of small spine-like cornuti ventrally, and the dorsal cluster consisting of markedly larger cornuti.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">External morphology of adult</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="02E5CEC313947A01BF6E6917311C2DA6" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="description">
<paragraph id="75E546F9628965FD8A5B94E87FA5EECF" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="79B14DD12C0E5CF41193854CC741F72E" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<emphasis id="B8CB31DBF3E5638BFF3DDA524471BBF2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">External morphology of adult</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 18" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 8. Dasypolia (Tatsipolia and Auropolia) spp., adults. Depositories of the specimens: 1 - 4 and 8 in TAAHU 5 in AFM 6 in HNHM (photo by B. Toth) 7 in ZSM." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1115.84527.figures1-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/723065" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="9CF33EAE4E5D02F417436A960806473E" captionStart="Figures 18" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 8. Dasypolia (Tatsipolia and Auropolia) spp., adults. Depositories of the specimens: 1 - 4 and 8 in TAAHU 5 in AFM 6 in HNHM (photo by B. Toth) 7 in ZSM." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1115.84527.figures1-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/723065" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">4</figureCitation>
). Forewing length 11.5 mm in holotype male. Male antenna serrulate. Head and thorax covered with long hair-like scales, dark brown with admixture of pale grey. Forewing elongate, narrow, with almost parallel costal and anal margins and convex outer margin. Forewing ground colour dark brown with black suffusion in medial area; costal margin with diffuse pale brown spots of various sizes. Forewing pattern diffuse, blackish-brown. Subbasal line short, indistinct. Subbasal lengthwise dash narrow, diffuse. Antemedial line sinuous, with pale brown suffusion inwardly. Orbicular stigma elliptical, filled with pale brown scales. Reniform stigma narrow, filled with pale brown scales. Postmedial line medially curved, slightly dentate posteriorly. Subterminal line interrupted into row of blackish cuneal spots of various sizes between veins. Terminal line indistinct, interrupted into small diffuse blackish spots between veins. Outer margin edged with rusty-brown scales. Forewing cilia long, dark brown. Hindwing brown with somewhat paler subbasal and medial areas. Discal spot small, rounded, diffuse. Outer margin edged with rusty-brown scales. Hindwing cilia long, creamy with admixture of brownish-grey scales. Abdomen covered with long hair-like scales, brown with strong admixture of black scales medially and posteriorly.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1115.84527.figures9-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/723066" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" start="Figures 911" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Figures 9-11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Dasypolia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dasypolia (Tatsipolia)" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Tatsipolia">Dasypolia (Tatsipolia)</taxonomicName>
<caption id="756B28AB046ACC57D852F561983698E0" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1115.84527.figures9-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/723066" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" start="Figures 911" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="E0989A2D38475500F2FD01A3E3E784D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<emphasis id="3D1F4A6CE4FD7DA2BEFBDA27E5F1502A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Figures 9-11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F68061269EECC49E8FB53D52E77BF242" authority="" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Dasypolia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dasypolia (Tatsipolia)" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Tatsipolia">Dasypolia (Tatsipolia)</taxonomicName>
spp., male genitalia. The specimens dissected are deposited in TAAHU.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Male genitalia</emphasis>
<paragraph id="D70B1F2D44D161A58D9939B162C4963E" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<emphasis id="A958F35467D2C31B84FE9339CF98FE06" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Male genitalia</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 911" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 9 - 11. Dasypolia (Tatsipolia) spp., male genitalia. The specimens dissected are deposited in TAAHU." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1115.84527.figures9-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/723066" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">11</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="4F36264D12A0BFC4E9A969AD8A02A0FD" captionStart="Figures 911" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 9 - 11. Dasypolia (Tatsipolia) spp., male genitalia. The specimens dissected are deposited in TAAHU." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1115.84527.figures9-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/723066" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">11</figureCitation>
). Tegumen short, penicular lobe large, trapezoid with elongate posterior corner. Vinculum longer than tegumen, robust, U-shaped. Valva lobular with heavily sclerotised costa and short, triangular, moderately sclerotised ventral lobe. Digitus heavily sclerotised, directed ventro-distally, with up curved and apically pointed distal section. Cucullus broad, rounded, densely covered with robust spine-like setae. Sacculus short but broad, elliptical. Clasper slightly curved and dilated distally, without harpe. Uncus short but broad, arrowhead-shaped with rounded apex, dorso-ventrally flattened, weakly sclerotised. Juxta broad, rectangular with rounded corners, bearing broad, triangular and apically pointed, heavily sclerotised medial process posteriorly. Anellus weakly granulose. Phallus broad with rounded coecum, somewhat dilated distally. Main chamber of vesica somewhat shorter than phallus, tapered distally, directed ventro-distally, weakly granulose, with short semiglobular dorsal subbasal diverticulum and two lengthwise clusters of cornuti medially: dorsal one consisting of five robust, slightly curved spike-like cornuti, and ventral one consisting of four smaller spine-like cornuti.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Female</emphasis>
<paragraph id="515D12CB70E826C1071FA11B4B4C2DCE" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<emphasis id="452B0B6363632D1E34F45B24A52285B1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Female</emphasis>
unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">The new species is known only from Sejila Mountain in southern Xizang Province of China.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="B2DDBF5868027C9F763E6CDF6E6487BB" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F8682AF1B634E2D715E514D88BE135F6" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D7BB948D7DAE91FDE03213705DE47BC6" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">The new species is known only from Sejila Mountain in southern Xizang Province of China.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<subSubSection id="BC584BE9F525D3408B2A80508EB26F93" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="89895D3A4DD680ADB88FB795997A83D3" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EF9C2E26AFD89AD5BDB281F62443BDCF" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
In Latin,
<normalizedToken originalValue="cerritulus">'cerritulus'</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="F0681A36A1B282C4CD8271B262321D7C" originalValue="cerritulus">'cerritulus'</normalizedToken>
means
<normalizedToken originalValue="weird.">'weird.'</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="10B7C59B27F85A3C798B3C9583A363B8" originalValue="weird.">'weird.'</normalizedToken>
The specific epithet refers to the unusual cucullus densely covered with robust, spine-like setae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

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@ -1,223 +1,223 @@
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Castillo, Cristina I.</mods:namePart>
<mods:namePart id="EE47B310E253CFC2C9899343460116E3">Castillo, Cristina I.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Weigt, Lee A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:namePart id="F85B31EBF06383DF22EBE1D0D8C4D2B8">Weigt, Lee A.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
<mods:name id="D714F719BB9DB8D79BB9F0BE2ADD4D7C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="9DB45CF9FB54A6E9A6C285DD9BF5DE90">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Benjamin C., Victor</mods:namePart>
<mods:namePart id="DE8A97B42614EFA97F95D6ADFCB99012">Benjamin C., Victor</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
<mods:typeOfResource id="6EA84A56DBFDA4B84BFE5E2509A14815">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="15FDF13E8F8AFF60AB85E1D866577A3B">ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>79</mods:number>
<mods:part id="607BB52D8725EF08DD8E18AB8F6D4488">
<mods:date id="CA25B81AA5A851A9FAD5B8AAA22C6E3F">2011</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="7863758ADF67802324D4EFECF3BB8A6B" type="volume">
<mods:number id="2C584D71B88EA6F7CDDE0083333F3621">79</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>21</mods:start>
<mods:end>72</mods:end>
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<mods:start id="341F1AAE8C2E0DA5AC21CC63FDCAE281">21</mods:start>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.79.1045</mods:url>
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<mods:url id="363BA2797D240D998A5414553C4E2045">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.79.1045</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.79.1045</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-79-21</mods:identifier>
<mods:classification id="0214955CBD527683BF76E301729E9075">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="4B16EB2DF6B758B63A0D44D820B683A9" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.79.1045</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8804BB7809B1981EA209D6AA3304A0F6" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-79-21</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159361223" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:91F47395-F5D4-4160-A645-5266D10E6DBB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/41BDC806B357C55A32756DAF68E3E0D7" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="32" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="32">
<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:91F47395-F5D4-4160-A645-5266D10E6DBB" authority="Baldwin &amp; Castillo" class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia weigti" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="weigti">Starksia weigti Baldwin &amp; Castillo</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="11" pageNumber="32">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<treatment id="41BDC806B357C55A32756DAF68E3E0D7" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159361223" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:91F47395-F5D4-4160-A645-5266D10E6DBB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/41BDC806B357C55A32756DAF68E3E0D7" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" scope_family="Labrisomidae">
<subSubSection id="1FB6781969274965D463A51C9C65D13F" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="196E3A743F04D850E9FFF35DF256CA37" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">
<taxonomicName id="6E4EB9AEEC3917DD5B88D751E279CE97" ID-CoL="4ZKRP" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:91F47395-F5D4-4160-A645-5266D10E6DBB" authority="Baldwin &amp; Castillo" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia weigti" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="weigti">Starksia weigti Baldwin &amp; Castillo</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7E4DE50A5A5D0574E9AAF303F5CE56BF" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 171011Table 2
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="32" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="32">Type Locality:</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="32">Belize, Central America</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="681CD78276BF314FFEB3BAE609702C8A" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="EEFE772CA59AC1E91AE94180D70233F0" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">Type Locality:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4A744EA29D6EE8E26A2CFC1FBF8628A3" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">Belize, Central America</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="32" type="holotype">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="32">Holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="32">USNM 399648, BLZ 5010, male, 20.5 mm SL, sta. CB05-01, spur and groove, Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, 6-8 m, 21 Apr 2005, C. Baldwin, D. Smith, L. Weigt, J. Mounts (small fillet removed from right side for DNA tissue sampling).</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="0C868D84136BC6C6D3967A1B0F13C2C1" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" type="holotype">
<paragraph id="EBBD9CDE69AA51BE6B45559EB68F168B" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">Holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E0ECF9CA9A585923FAC2F05241993F1" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">USNM 399648, BLZ 5010, male, 20.5 mm SL, sta. CB05-01, spur and groove, Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, 6-8 m, 21 Apr 2005, C. Baldwin, D. Smith, L. Weigt, J. Mounts (small fillet removed from right side for DNA tissue sampling).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" type="paratypes (all belize)">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="32">Paratypes (all Belize).</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">
<subSubSection id="49C05C143FD5D9FF47477FD14F2D42F2" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" type="paratypes (all belize)">
<paragraph id="D13E0BA22D963C6273CE52344D7319D7" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">Paratypes (all Belize).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7EE14D60A62E09B82FD62A29054B8A32" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">
USNM 399649, BLZ 5164, female, 19.0 mm SL, sta. CB05-12, Curlew Cay, 21-25 m, 27 Apr 2005, (posterior portion of body destroyed for DNA tissue sampling). USNM 399653, BLZ 8026, female, 17.5 mm SL, sta. CB08-02, sand bottom and coral heads, Curlew Cay, 16°47'24.1&quot;N, 88°04'41.0&quot;W, 5-8 m, 15 May 2008, (posterior portion of body destroyed for DNA tissue sampling). USNM 399652, BLZ 8025, female, 18.0 mm SL, sta. CB08-02, same collection
<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="33" start="start">information</pageBreakToken>
<pageBreakToken id="15AD98E34C12C5F0CBECAD25D309A1C3" pageId="12" pageNumber="33" start="start">information</pageBreakToken>
as above, (posterior portion of body destroyed for DNA tissue sampling). USNM 399651, BLZ 8024, female, 19.0 mm SL, sta. CB08-02, same collection information as above, (posterior portion of body destroyed for DNA tissue sampling). USNM 399654, CB08-2, 2 specimens: (1) 19.5 mm SL female, (1) 19.0 mm SL female (not DNA vouchers), same collection information as above. USNM 399656, BLZ 8123, juvenile, 9.5 mm SL, sta. CB08-10, east wall drop off, Glovers Cay, 16°42'36.1&quot;N, 87°51'05.3&quot;W, 11-23 m, 18 May 2008, (posterior portion of body destroyed for DNA tissue sampling). USNM 399655, BLZ 8122, female, 18.0 mm SL, sta. CB08-10, same collection information as above, (posterior portion of body destroyed for DNA tissue sampling). USNM 274922, Sta. K-103, 2 females, 20.0 and 24.0 mm SL, spur and groove, Carrie Bow Cay, 6-8 m, 10 June 1981. USNM 276063, Sta. GDJ 84-8, 2 males, 20.5 and 23.0 mm SL, Carrie Bow Cay, 24-30 m, 5 Nov 1984.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="33" type="additional material (not dna vouchers, all belize)">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="33">Additional Material (not DNA vouchers, all Belize).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="33">USNM 399650, BLZ 5193, 1 specimen; USNM 365517, 4; USNM 274941, 1; USNM 328251, 2; USNM 276048, 2; USNM 327608, 1.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="8C054E1C835D8D92A01AD55B35E65C25" pageId="12" pageNumber="33" type="additional material (not dna vouchers, all belize)">
<paragraph id="754A7F428E797EB8E6EFBD93D9A10254" pageId="12" pageNumber="33">Additional Material (not DNA vouchers, all Belize).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5F7C51D569FD966296E9529791DAB504" pageId="12" pageNumber="33">USNM 399650, BLZ 5193, 1 specimen; USNM 365517, 4; USNM 274941, 1; USNM 328251, 2; USNM 276048, 2; USNM 327608, 1.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="33" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="33">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="33">
<subSubSection id="09C2E3B59CC3BF12BF6477311C1F7ED1" pageId="12" pageNumber="33" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="98EDE14871270DC82DF067C2BDAB8B3D" pageId="12" pageNumber="33">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2EEE39BD4C8A6A4961256A6511D75F86" pageId="12" pageNumber="33">
A species of
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Starksia</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="8A3E9E5919F91FC30DE118B09E4B324F" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Starksia</taxonomicName>
distinguished by the following combination of characters: orbital cirrus present; belly scaled; trunk pale (pale red in life), without distinct bars or other markings; lips peppered with white spots in life; lacrimal region with single row of small white spots in life; jaws usually with lightly scattered melanophores in preserved specimens, without distinct banding or dark bars; entire gular region usually covered with scattered melanophores; total dorsal elements usually 27; total vertebrae usually 32; dorsal spines + anal soft rays + vertebrae modally 75.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="12" pageNumber="33" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="33">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="12" pageNumber="33">
<subSubSection id="923CB9E1FD1512BABC04D00001D2BF1D" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="12" pageNumber="33" type="description">
<paragraph id="F57F4D11C22499513F98155FD2ED32A5" pageId="12" pageNumber="33">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3F189D29C06032E81373F9FB83180CF5" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="12" pageNumber="33">
See Table 2. Dorsal spines
<normalizedToken originalValue="XIXXX">XIX-XX</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="A3BACD217F221C6D13D7313924A3D84B" originalValue="XIXXX">XIX-XX</normalizedToken>
, usually XX (XX in holotype); segmented dorsal rays 7-8, usually 8 (7); total dorsal elements 27-28, usually 27 (27);
<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="34" start="start">anal</pageBreakToken>
<pageBreakToken id="07D2E19323729C04DA48CD31DBC3166B" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" start="start">anal</pageBreakToken>
spines II; segmented anal rays 16-17 (16); dorsal segmented caudal-fin rays (7); ventral segmented caudal-fin rays (6); dorsal procurrent caudal-fin rays 5-6, rarely 6 (6); ventral procurrent caudal-fin rays 4-5, rarely 4 (5); obvious segmented pelvic-fin rays 2; pectoral-fin rays 12-13, rarely12 (13); vertebrae 10+21-23= 31-33, usually 32 (10+22=32); infraorbital pores usually unpaired (one pair present at 3
<normalizedToken originalValue="oclock">o'clock</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="C5C176CDB8857472488900169FE8E7F8" originalValue="oclock">o'clock</normalizedToken>
); orbital cirri present; nape cirri present; anterior nostril cirri present; belly and pectoral-fin base completely scaled.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<caption id="28579D95D127FB9B8B30A92EE9FEC481" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<paragraph id="1159131D605426A00EA4A7236DD5AB70" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
Figure 7. Male and female color patterns of
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia weigti" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="weigti">Starksia weigti</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="AEA03B9BD5F236F750EDC80B226BD9A0" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia weigti" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="weigti">Starksia weigti</taxonomicName>
: A USNM 399648, holotype, BLZ 5010, 25.0 mm SL, male B BLZ 6121 (no voucher), 18.0 mm SL, female
<normalizedToken originalValue="CD">C-D</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="E6159DCA7DD90E02F54FA73D1BFDD84F" originalValue="CD">C-D</normalizedToken>
close-up views of diagnostic spotting on lips in life - C BLZ 6120,24.0 mm SL (no voucher), male D USNM 399650, BLZ 5193, 24.0 mm SL, female. Photographs by Carole Baldwin and Julie Mounts.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<caption id="A3D9489D7119C099E2FE0A5B772759F4" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<paragraph id="7A1CF3FA1D69F2B00F09DF0B73BF39F8" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
Table 2. Frequency distributions of counts among species of the
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia lepicoelia" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lepicoelia">Starksia lepicoelia</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="73F60E812808272654A987D03B83309C" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia lepicoelia" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lepicoelia">Starksia lepicoelia</taxonomicName>
complex1.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<table pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<td colspan="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">Dorsal Spines</td>
<td colspan="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">Dorsal Soft Rays</td>
<td colspan="4" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">Total Dorsal</td>
<td colspan="4" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">Anal Soft Rays</td>
<paragraph id="4B8B36659DD512ACF3FCF1F2C621C341" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<table id="E97E870F29CD5FF1C1B332A55151C520" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<tr id="29EFC2FEE91F8A972080BB41874F0A4F" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<td id="E648DD551E7DF34E039B9DEEDF10718C" colspan="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">Dorsal Spines</td>
<td id="D21414A396BC17D37FB8B91BAA66FAD5" colspan="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">Dorsal Soft Rays</td>
<td id="72642D63A08AAAF403DA1CD11148D1D7" colspan="4" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">Total Dorsal</td>
<td id="7233EC43A8450229EB8415A46408F919" colspan="4" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">Anal Soft Rays</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia weigti" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="weigti">Starksia weigti</taxonomicName>
<tr id="CEF18DF765802A729898826871D7F16B" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<td id="70F60E13BFC4298503AE477FC8FE4416" colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="14F22A089F83285047D66CB6B5CC4CEE" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia weigti" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="weigti">Starksia weigti</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia lepicoelia" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lepicoelia">Starksia lepicoelia</taxonomicName>
<tr id="AB514D2C203983D2EED4B2BD1532E134" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<td id="928DD2D3D8D0014302D6AD29501BB044" colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="51754B892F23A2952A8DAE1714757B26" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia lepicoelia" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lepicoelia">Starksia lepicoelia</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia williamsi" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="williamsi">Starksia williamsi</taxonomicName>
<tr id="B672B251EBC9D84754CD1053A0E77FE4" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<td id="80B1BF0183080D88B894AD25B84CB5C0" colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="F84CC2B2C7FFCBB92E898AA491CBB736" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia williamsi" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="williamsi">Starksia williamsi</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia robertsoni" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robertsoni">Starksia robertsoni</taxonomicName>
<tr id="1A61BB3EFF04F23428F10F9F5AB976D5" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<td id="3E238AD98439BF73CF184A231F231BEB" colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="57D780BA7B4EA8860127158C2E08A40B" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia robertsoni" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robertsoni">Starksia robertsoni</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<td colspan="4" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">Pectoral Rays</td>
<td colspan="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">Dorsal Procurrent Caudal Rays</td>
<td colspan="4" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">Ventral Procurrent Caudal Rays</td>
<td colspan="4" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">Vertebrae</td>
<tr id="3ECC9FD63D803BE049792D2C4E592659" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<td id="9B4350B67AC48C72005A78885994D5BA" colspan="4" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">Pectoral Rays</td>
<td id="614E6B5C432AE21F27401E26112D1ED0" colspan="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">Dorsal Procurrent Caudal Rays</td>
<td id="FDA0C6396D75AC85C07829F543947EC7" colspan="4" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">Ventral Procurrent Caudal Rays</td>
<td id="9953B7400FE3F515A843D43E9601EFFD" colspan="4" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">Vertebrae</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia weigti" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="weigti">Starksia weigti</taxonomicName>
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<td id="C0897DF08FB6778A1F427922851E2E39" colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="93888790F8F843018332CCF81BD26954" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia weigti" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="weigti">Starksia weigti</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia lepicoelia" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lepicoelia">Starksia lepicoelia</taxonomicName>
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<td id="DE33310620B71CFBC0246E4D1EE2A1F9" colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="44F41E4A4EF45D228FCE97E28FB432E4" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia lepicoelia" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lepicoelia">Starksia lepicoelia</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia williamsi" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="williamsi">Starksia williamsi</taxonomicName>
<tr id="BCE4903CB9A12A7500033D04D89CC2F9" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<td id="CE6FFA1C49B0BA2E6570FB267AF19AAC" colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="023D66AA02CF510F4B3475D56358D8B1" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia williamsi" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="williamsi">Starksia williamsi</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia robertsoni" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robertsoni">Starksia robertsoni</taxonomicName>
<tr id="BD7CD8FD153BC9C46D89AE77659433EA" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<td id="0C24CE6948C8B9A0ECE00B9D84035226" colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="BE2C4E82761870A2BE6B1CEB57D490B7" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia robertsoni" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robertsoni">Starksia robertsoni</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<td colspan="7" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">Total Dorsal Elements + Anal Soft Rays + Vertebrae</td>
<tr id="7CB1362A030B51D59F2568972EED5BDC" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<td id="BC16AAB7976341040E4ACF75B48B71FC" colspan="7" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">Total Dorsal Elements + Anal Soft Rays + Vertebrae</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia weigti" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="weigti">Starksia weigti</taxonomicName>
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<td id="A6C0AD976BDFABC1DAEE559BF18741C5" colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="6F82724D9574FC845CA78050B95D59C2" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia weigti" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="weigti">Starksia weigti</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia lepicoelia" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lepicoelia">Starksia lepicoelia</taxonomicName>
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<td id="611CECD7F343F6D9AA53356C8F83F228" colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="998A6ECDC0F2263D0074732B8EEA7404" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia lepicoelia" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lepicoelia">Starksia lepicoelia</taxonomicName>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia williamsi" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="williamsi">Starksia williamsi</taxonomicName>
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<td id="5219F213ACA7509135B6FF1EAA362B87" colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="8E7DA010C054E8E8E2608454401298EC" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia williamsi" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="williamsi">Starksia williamsi</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia robertsoni" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robertsoni">Starksia robertsoni</taxonomicName>
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<td id="AC678EDABD97A1A6CA4AE6D937B20283" colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="23E84AE5C72C7CB73D502CCEAD87BDA1" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia robertsoni" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robertsoni">Starksia robertsoni</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="34">Specimens examined ranging from 9.5 mm to 24.0 mm SL; HL 30-36% SL; length of male genital papilla two-thirds to equal length of first anal spine, papilla 1.0-1.8 mm and free from spine.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB958D3C81E1D132C3E1C7AB12ACB797" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">Specimens examined ranging from 9.5 mm to 24.0 mm SL; HL 30-36% SL; length of male genital papilla two-thirds to equal length of first anal spine, papilla 1.0-1.8 mm and free from spine.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="34" type="pigment">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="34">Pigment.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="34">Both males and females with pale red to reddish brown trunk; indistinct vertical bars, if present, more prominent dorsally; two small (less than half pupil diameter) dark spots on posterior portion of trunk, one at posterior end of dorsal fin and one at posterior base of anal fin. Both sexes with pale red heads, scattered small white spots on anterior portions of lips, and single row of white spots beneath eye on lacrimal region; white spots representing absence of chromatophores in areas otherwise covered with pale orange to red pigment; eye with six or seven white spots around pupil, spots separated by darker areas (effectively a candy-stripe pattern). Males with prominent dark blotch on cheek and with small white spots extending from anterior portions of lips to posterior portions of jaws; females without dark cheek blotch and usually with larger white spots, blotches, or bands on posterior portions of jaws. Males with red pigment on dorsal fin confined to blotches at base and little red pigment on rest of fin and other median fins (but with scattered melanophores on dorsal, caudal, and anal fins); females with red pigment extending onto entire dorsal fin and with prominent orange/red pigment on caudal and anal fins (but without prominent melanophores); males with yellowish brown pectoral fin, females with pale orange to orange pectoral fin; pelvic fin clear.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="34">Juvenile (BLZ 8123) color pattern: trunk pale orange, with some yellow mixed in; head with dark bar from anterior portion of eye to upper and lower lips; black triangle of pigment beneath eye; and black cap of pigment on head that extends anteriorly to vertical through middle of eye. Dorsal, anal, and caudal fins pale orange; bases of several dorsal-fin elements with darker blotches of orange pigment; most anal-fin elements with melanophore at base (typical of blennioid larvae), bases of about half of anal-fin elements also with prominent orange spot.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="D55CB3DDF40D4F72015CD739FAE23CB2" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" type="pigment">
<paragraph id="488675D51BCE9D6ECEBBD02B04C46F59" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">Pigment.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6B16BFA04EE481A9544B317255ABB08A" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">Both males and females with pale red to reddish brown trunk; indistinct vertical bars, if present, more prominent dorsally; two small (less than half pupil diameter) dark spots on posterior portion of trunk, one at posterior end of dorsal fin and one at posterior base of anal fin. Both sexes with pale red heads, scattered small white spots on anterior portions of lips, and single row of white spots beneath eye on lacrimal region; white spots representing absence of chromatophores in areas otherwise covered with pale orange to red pigment; eye with six or seven white spots around pupil, spots separated by darker areas (effectively a candy-stripe pattern). Males with prominent dark blotch on cheek and with small white spots extending from anterior portions of lips to posterior portions of jaws; females without dark cheek blotch and usually with larger white spots, blotches, or bands on posterior portions of jaws. Males with red pigment on dorsal fin confined to blotches at base and little red pigment on rest of fin and other median fins (but with scattered melanophores on dorsal, caudal, and anal fins); females with red pigment extending onto entire dorsal fin and with prominent orange/red pigment on caudal and anal fins (but without prominent melanophores); males with yellowish brown pectoral fin, females with pale orange to orange pectoral fin; pelvic fin clear.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D1EB4A897CDF07A3FDB6D1F05386126" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">Juvenile (BLZ 8123) color pattern: trunk pale orange, with some yellow mixed in; head with dark bar from anterior portion of eye to upper and lower lips; black triangle of pigment beneath eye; and black cap of pigment on head that extends anteriorly to vertical through middle of eye. Dorsal, anal, and caudal fins pale orange; bases of several dorsal-fin elements with darker blotches of orange pigment; most anal-fin elements with melanophore at base (typical of blennioid larvae), bases of about half of anal-fin elements also with prominent orange spot.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" type="color in preservative">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="34">Color in preservative.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="34">Males mostly pale, except with very dark blotch on cheek; trunk, belly, jaws, gular region, branchiostegals, operculum, top of head, nape, and all fins except pelvics with scattered melanophores, pigment on trunk fairly heavy in one male. Some females very pale, with only a few melanophores on gular region, cheek, branchiostegals, and on all fins except pelvics; other females with poorly formed dark blotch on cheek, fairly heavy pigment on gular region, branchiostegals, belly, dorsal fin, and anal fin; and lightly scattered melanophores on trunk, jaws, operculum, top of head, nape, caudal fin, and pectoral fin; pigment on head and nape usually lighter in females than in males.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="35">
<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="35" start="start">Only</pageBreakToken>
<subSubSection id="2AFB42D0C50C38A41C5611DCCD9AD91D" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" type="color in preservative">
<paragraph id="5B97F5151FA8CC4B0FDA81F4958BB15F" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">Color in preservative.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3F94F247FDE0632E8540C4F9A8F2BDB0" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">Males mostly pale, except with very dark blotch on cheek; trunk, belly, jaws, gular region, branchiostegals, operculum, top of head, nape, and all fins except pelvics with scattered melanophores, pigment on trunk fairly heavy in one male. Some females very pale, with only a few melanophores on gular region, cheek, branchiostegals, and on all fins except pelvics; other females with poorly formed dark blotch on cheek, fairly heavy pigment on gular region, branchiostegals, belly, dorsal fin, and anal fin; and lightly scattered melanophores on trunk, jaws, operculum, top of head, nape, caudal fin, and pectoral fin; pigment on head and nape usually lighter in females than in males.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C66A54D0A70E7346861240F3B5505343" pageId="14" pageNumber="35">
<pageBreakToken id="DE8148953DC43CACCA036828DECAB933" pageId="14" pageNumber="35" start="start">Only</pageBreakToken>
anterior portion of body remains in juvenile voucher specimen (BZE 8123): body mostly pale; black cap of pigment on head, dark bar from anterior portion of eye to upper and lower lips, and black triangle of pigment beneath eye present in preservative.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="35" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="35">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="35">
<subSubSection id="25359BE2A51BE5DBC0C7A87B82F6DFCA" pageId="14" pageNumber="35" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="EBDBB0779632653E1B77295A7E56BB9D" pageId="14" pageNumber="35">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B6AAF99C5AE7351C9A51253F098BE17F" pageId="14" pageNumber="35">
The species name is in honor of Lee A. Weigt, Head of the
<normalizedToken originalValue="Smithsonians">Smithsonian's</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="FEB88A3E265D3E2F7E7941B5D0D0A2A5" originalValue="Smithsonians">Smithsonian's</normalizedToken>
Laboratories of Analytical Biology, in recognition of his contributions to the DNA barcoding of fishes and his contributions to fish-collecting efforts in Belize, Curacao, Florida, Tobago, and Turks &amp; Caicos Islands.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="35" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="35">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="35">Known only from Belize, Central America.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="9AA67452E2C00ED223FFEBCE83344042" pageId="14" pageNumber="35" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="1F75C694270A2A5D6B46D97BBB8D1557" pageId="14" pageNumber="35">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8A32F2AC132CBF42A82FD1CD96B57933" pageId="14" pageNumber="35">Known only from Belize, Central America.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -1,203 +1,203 @@
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="180331261" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41C310869584535692E0DECB04CB6C51" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/41C310869584535692E0DECB04CB6C51" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName LSID="41C31086-9584-5356-92E0-DECB04CB6C51" authority="Graham, 1987" authorityName="Graham" authorityYear="1987" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Neotrichoporoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoporoides cavigena" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cavigena">Neotrichoporoides cavigena Graham, 1987</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1722" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 17 - 22. N. cavigena, female 17 head, frontal view 18 antenna, lateral view 19 mesosoma, dorsal view 20 fore and hind wings, dorsal view 21 metasoma, ventral view 22 legs, lateral view, from left to right: fore, mid, and hind legs. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1023.61580.figures17-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518998" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Figures 17-22</figureCitation>
<treatment id="41C310869584535692E0DECB04CB6C51" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180331261" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41C310869584535692E0DECB04CB6C51" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/41C310869584535692E0DECB04CB6C51" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" scope_family="Eulophidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera">
<subSubSection id="5CEA4039344AF52FCA046E0E0DD6B723" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F97CC0F97492AB9921179143EBDA0500" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName id="B6F73B9FB640E715F50A522821701A57" ID-CoL="46VTM" LSID="41C31086-9584-5356-92E0-DECB04CB6C51" authority="Graham, 1987" authorityName="Graham" authorityYear="1987" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Neotrichoporoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoporoides cavigena" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cavigena">Neotrichoporoides cavigena Graham, 1987</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="8855363EC71DA99AE3B76E3ABAFA6494" captionStart="Figures 1722" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 17 - 22. N. cavigena, female 17 head, frontal view 18 antenna, lateral view 19 mesosoma, dorsal view 20 fore and hind wings, dorsal view 21 metasoma, ventral view 22 legs, lateral view, from left to right: fore, mid, and hind legs. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1023.61580.figures17-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518998" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Figures 17-22</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Graham" authorityYear="1987" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Neotrichoporoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoporoides cavigena" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cavigena">Neotrichoporoides cavigena</taxonomicName>
<subSubSection id="480BB24238A1E022A0F27584A2CB8F0A" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="20DC5132AC46F1E50B12851B8F2B97E0" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName id="D55BBB121E602D5BD8424547B643E1B7" authorityName="Graham" authorityYear="1987" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Neotrichoporoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoporoides cavigena" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cavigena">Neotrichoporoides cavigena</taxonomicName>
Graham, 1987: 70.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063629311" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectionCode="V" country="China" location="Mt. Baihua" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4" stateProvince="Beijing">
<specimenCount type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
<subSubSection id="9EDA17A3A2950B8E797305C351F33566" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="ECC623CCA79F8F61271DD3651625B2E0" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1F61E98A5B7EFF4DE0B5F2C4DFC43E77" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<materialsCitation id="FF366812608D0441B63710BBBE7CA6E8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063629311" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectionCode="V" country="China" location="Mt. Baihua" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4" stateProvince="Beijing">
<specimenCount id="14D5CF65A647116E0214BFCA3DA7B2FC" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
: [
<specimenCount type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="2D153FF5CFDCE78355B525B1078A0FD7" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
on slides],
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="B1BA1A76EAFBD3225DBBE655A771BD7A" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Beijing">Beijing</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="BD13343AF202600233E606F19702FF3D" country="China" name="Beijing">Beijing</collectingRegion>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41C310869584535692E0DECB04CB6C51:BB9F29630FFCBB5BFE4129565722F9A2" country="China" name="Mt. Baihua" stateProvince="Beijing">Mt. Baihua</location>
<location id="BB9F29630FFCBB5BFE4129565722F9A2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41C310869584535692E0DECB04CB6C51:BB9F29630FFCBB5BFE4129565722F9A2" country="China" name="Mt. Baihua" stateProvince="Beijing">Mt. Baihua</location>
,
<date value="2012-05-01">
<date id="8A077C844DC27748F598328C4BFA9756" value="2012-05-01">
1.
<collectionCode country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063629317" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectionCode="NEFU" country="China" county="Guo-Hao Zu" location="All" municipality="Jiang Liu" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Beijing">
<collectionCode id="86DE9B20705ABAA01C7A1CEA5B1C0197" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
<materialsCitation id="1230ECB28DD801B75D5A918C395BB71B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063629317" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectionCode="NEFU" country="China" county="Guo-Hao Zu" location="All" municipality="Jiang Liu" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Beijing">
.2012,
<collectingCounty>Guo-Hao Zu</collectingCounty>
<collectingCounty id="6FBFF8C602DB5D1ED57215E3549588DC">Guo-Hao Zu</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Jiang Liu</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="EB363C37D39EDD28A51070272E37EBEA">Jiang Liu</collectingMunicipality>
, by sweeping.
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41C310869584535692E0DECB04CB6C51:367A653B14F3F7CFBB90E716DB4DCD63" country="China" county="Guo-Hao Zu" municipality="Jiang Liu" name="All" stateProvince="Beijing">All</location>
<location id="367A653B14F3F7CFBB90E716DB4DCD63" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41C310869584535692E0DECB04CB6C51:367A653B14F3F7CFBB90E716DB4DCD63" country="China" county="Guo-Hao Zu" municipality="Jiang Liu" name="All" stateProvince="Beijing">All</location>
deposited in
<collectionCode>NEFU</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="C0F720AF279DA2E4FF714310FCE9EB9E">NEFU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Female.</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="42BF56A20F5CCF748BBCAE3A8459DE8A" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="A29483D9CA1A6289ADBBEDCC30366851" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="142FEA700D7FB51CA81CA374331EDCEB" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="6B8D513B38F38D1F7E94182CF9B8498A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Female.</emphasis>
Head (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1722" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 17 - 22. N. cavigena, female 17 head, frontal view 18 antenna, lateral view 19 mesosoma, dorsal view 20 fore and hind wings, dorsal view 21 metasoma, ventral view 22 legs, lateral view, from left to right: fore, mid, and hind legs. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1023.61580.figures17-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518998" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">17</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C0721866A4F214CFEA1BE75C8148298B" captionStart="Figures 1722" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 17 - 22. N. cavigena, female 17 head, frontal view 18 antenna, lateral view 19 mesosoma, dorsal view 20 fore and hind wings, dorsal view 21 metasoma, ventral view 22 legs, lateral view, from left to right: fore, mid, and hind legs. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1023.61580.figures17-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518998" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">17</figureCitation>
) with malar fovea large and deep, extending ca. half the length of malar space; antenna (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1722" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 17 - 22. N. cavigena, female 17 head, frontal view 18 antenna, lateral view 19 mesosoma, dorsal view 20 fore and hind wings, dorsal view 21 metasoma, ventral view 22 legs, lateral view, from left to right: fore, mid, and hind legs. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1023.61580.figures17-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518998" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">18</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="14C4A228F8C8D151EAE1C1981D3DA661" captionStart="Figures 1722" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 17 - 22. N. cavigena, female 17 head, frontal view 18 antenna, lateral view 19 mesosoma, dorsal view 20 fore and hind wings, dorsal view 21 metasoma, ventral view 22 legs, lateral view, from left to right: fore, mid, and hind legs. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1023.61580.figures17-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518998" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">18</figureCitation>
) with scape ca. 3.3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="27DF3174E0F5EE4080414E14B585A332" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as broad, shorter than an eye, not reaching above the level of vertex; pedicel 2.35
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="21802EF4EABAC0155BE5E69D869B0DAA" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as broad; F1-F3: 3.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="9DE7E94FDDE75AE9F7043F6A1246192D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
, 2.8
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="A228AEF2DC33440641D9BFB490053771" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
, 2.4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="62518D016D94BE37DD9290D0AD28377B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as broad respectively; clava ca. 3.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="B699D51EF0FF4769C47FD56DFB1900A2" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as broad, indistinctly segmented. Midlobe of mesoscutum (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1722" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 17 - 22. N. cavigena, female 17 head, frontal view 18 antenna, lateral view 19 mesosoma, dorsal view 20 fore and hind wings, dorsal view 21 metasoma, ventral view 22 legs, lateral view, from left to right: fore, mid, and hind legs. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1023.61580.figures17-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518998" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">19</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="218C55F62A4AD6A243B182DAF879D69D" captionStart="Figures 1722" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 17 - 22. N. cavigena, female 17 head, frontal view 18 antenna, lateral view 19 mesosoma, dorsal view 20 fore and hind wings, dorsal view 21 metasoma, ventral view 22 legs, lateral view, from left to right: fore, mid, and hind legs. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1023.61580.figures17-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518998" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">19</figureCitation>
) with four adnotaular setae in one row; scutellum with submedian grooves distinct, distance between submedian grooves subequal to the distance between submedian groove and sublateral groove, enclosing a space ca. 3.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="2FDE5A0BD8DBCBD0F50374C25CB9D5F6" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as broad; propodeum medially 1.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="B87BB23A567B5DA2A96E6F66C83288D2" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as dorsellum. Wings (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1722" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 17 - 22. N. cavigena, female 17 head, frontal view 18 antenna, lateral view 19 mesosoma, dorsal view 20 fore and hind wings, dorsal view 21 metasoma, ventral view 22 legs, lateral view, from left to right: fore, mid, and hind legs. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1023.61580.figures17-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518998" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">20</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="8C5F22FE0DA0F3B349B2C39A56844A84" captionStart="Figures 1722" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 17 - 22. N. cavigena, female 17 head, frontal view 18 antenna, lateral view 19 mesosoma, dorsal view 20 fore and hind wings, dorsal view 21 metasoma, ventral view 22 legs, lateral view, from left to right: fore, mid, and hind legs. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1023.61580.figures17-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518998" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">20</figureCitation>
) and legs (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1722" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 17 - 22. N. cavigena, female 17 head, frontal view 18 antenna, lateral view 19 mesosoma, dorsal view 20 fore and hind wings, dorsal view 21 metasoma, ventral view 22 legs, lateral view, from left to right: fore, mid, and hind legs. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1023.61580.figures17-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518998" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">22</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="8B1675EC594D52C43B87CF7C3AF3C9EE" captionStart="Figures 1722" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 17 - 22. N. cavigena, female 17 head, frontal view 18 antenna, lateral view 19 mesosoma, dorsal view 20 fore and hind wings, dorsal view 21 metasoma, ventral view 22 legs, lateral view, from left to right: fore, mid, and hind legs. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1023.61580.figures17-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518998" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">22</figureCitation>
) as shown in figures. Gaster (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1722" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 17 - 22. N. cavigena, female 17 head, frontal view 18 antenna, lateral view 19 mesosoma, dorsal view 20 fore and hind wings, dorsal view 21 metasoma, ventral view 22 legs, lateral view, from left to right: fore, mid, and hind legs. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1023.61580.figures17-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518998" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">21</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="08074D528906B36AE321D770C7BE246C" captionStart="Figures 1722" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 17 - 22. N. cavigena, female 17 head, frontal view 18 antenna, lateral view 19 mesosoma, dorsal view 20 fore and hind wings, dorsal view 21 metasoma, ventral view 22 legs, lateral view, from left to right: fore, mid, and hind legs. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1023.61580.figures17-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518998" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">21</figureCitation>
) ca. 1.8
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="9A8AE6887E1849D616F1FEBD3CE95E82" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as broad.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Male.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="AD3A7732181AF4C19DDC4876555559EA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Male.</emphasis>
Unknown for Chinese material.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1023.61580.figures17-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518998" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" start="Figures 1722" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Figures 17-22.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. cavigena" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cavigena">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">N. cavigena</emphasis>
<caption id="64ADD65098FC82A166A6D591353B77BA" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1023.61580.figures17-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518998" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" start="Figures 1722" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="D941097122601FBD06B46B6B019D2F4C" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="4B4DF516DE74B7FEBF89BCB268C4F899" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Figures 17-22.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F3880452D70792C31F3A3A88199CCE19" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. cavigena" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cavigena">
<emphasis id="C0AE7699CBD8A4D9BDFEF51045C0D36D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">N. cavigena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, female
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">17</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C62A8F105940D1B807AA50C214E016E2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">17</emphasis>
head, frontal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">18</emphasis>
<emphasis id="3A693285A4A3A53622F2310B749BEF2A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">18</emphasis>
antenna, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">19</emphasis>
<emphasis id="290DB2703399F077BA3AC84A84405000" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">19</emphasis>
mesosoma, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">20</emphasis>
<emphasis id="80F96471F0FE4A101FA1284C2E6B32EA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">20</emphasis>
fore and hind wings, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">21</emphasis>
<emphasis id="396A35B15FE3F170047A855C580ED8A1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">21</emphasis>
metasoma, ventral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">22</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1FEB692068C1DD8939ADE1ED1DA1BB7D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">22</emphasis>
legs, lateral view, from left to right: fore, mid, and hind legs. Scale bars: 100
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="F920B2BCDB135369E66433155F6F3245" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="host">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Host.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Unknown.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="35BDA39671272B4F0A96046F8EBBB8C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="host">
<paragraph id="B2E8A538CC44E57E39B8813F1CAD65FE" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Host.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="995BEE99212730377EDF35D822FE6C1A" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
<subSubSection id="DED6177679ACDC5306724DAE2AF81091" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="9892CBFF4B51477DDA16CC5ECD94C88F" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3FD03D0AF18D377E4AE8A4266177D088" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<collectingCountry id="BA190F94AA3DEB58DB54A674DDAC216D" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Beijing">Beijing</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="937CF202EC3FE1B13DE0B66E701ED1AD" country="China" name="Beijing">Beijing</collectingRegion>
) [new record],
<collectingCountry name="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="1B031E23E85E489DDB75F7DD1392624C" name="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry name="France">France</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="1A42D391F86208D34CFBEB306CEAC264" name="France">France</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry name="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="8B873B99FB5E57D2EEF9CDAFD4776A62" name="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Graham, MWR de V" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology)" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 392" refId="B13" refString="Graham, MWR de V, 1987. A reclassification of the European Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), with a revision of certain genera. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology) 55 (1): 1 - 392" title="A reclassification of the European Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), with a revision of certain genera." volume="55" year="1987">Graham 1987</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="1AC84EB0BF4C103B6DF092BCF4DF474B" author="Graham, MWR de V" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology)" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 392" refId="B13" refString="Graham, MWR de V, 1987. A reclassification of the European Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), with a revision of certain genera. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology) 55 (1): 1 - 392" title="A reclassification of the European Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), with a revision of certain genera." volume="55" year="1987">Graham 1987</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry name="Slovakia">Slovakia</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="85626DF479449049F9F8C740A77E36E2" name="Slovakia">Slovakia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Kalina, V" journalOrPublisher="Acta Faunistica Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" pagination="97 - 127" refId="B20" refString="Kalina, V, 1989. Checklist of Czechoslovak Insects III (Hymenoptera). Chalcidoidea. Acta Faunistica Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 19: 97 - 127" title="Checklist of Czechoslovak Insects III (Hymenoptera). Chalcidoidea." volume="19" year="1989">Kalina 1989</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="11A9F81F03AE5D5F7B8959FD6D9A3919" author="Kalina, V" journalOrPublisher="Acta Faunistica Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" pagination="97 - 127" refId="B20" refString="Kalina, V, 1989. Checklist of Czechoslovak Insects III (Hymenoptera). Chalcidoidea. Acta Faunistica Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 19: 97 - 127" title="Checklist of Czechoslovak Insects III (Hymenoptera). Chalcidoidea." volume="19" year="1989">Kalina 1989</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry name="Russia">Russia</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="78B607E19CA39871BC409E49D024E985" name="Russia">Russia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Yegorenkova, EN" journalOrPublisher="Russian Entomological Journal" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" pagination="421 - 422" refId="B33" refString="Yegorenkova, EN, Kostjukov, VV, 2006. New species of the genus Neotrichoporoides Girault, 1913 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae, Tetrastichinae) from Ul'yanovsk Province of Russia. Russian Entomological Journal 15 (4): 421 - 422" title="New species of the genus Neotrichoporoides Girault, 1913 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae, Tetrastichinae) from Ul'yanovsk Province of Russia." volume="15" year="2006">Yegorenkova and Kostjukov 2006</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="BB9C16B41C3329B06AE66D1D0B735C76" author="Yegorenkova, EN" journalOrPublisher="Russian Entomological Journal" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" pagination="421 - 422" refId="B33" refString="Yegorenkova, EN, Kostjukov, VV, 2006. New species of the genus Neotrichoporoides Girault, 1913 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae, Tetrastichinae) from Ul'yanovsk Province of Russia. Russian Entomological Journal 15 (4): 421 - 422" title="New species of the genus Neotrichoporoides Girault, 1913 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae, Tetrastichinae) from Ul'yanovsk Province of Russia." volume="15" year="2006">Yegorenkova and Kostjukov 2006</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry name="Turkey">Turkey</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="279EFD287165F40C4ACAE53074441C2F" name="Turkey">Turkey</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1556/APhyt.40.2005.3-4.19" author="Sakaltas, E" journalOrPublisher="Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" pagination="383 - 390" refId="B29" refString="Sakaltas, E, Gencer, L, 2005. Contribution to the knowledge of the Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) from Ankara, Turkey, with some new records. Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica 40 (3-4): 383 - 390, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1556/APhyt.40.2005.3-4.19" title="Contribution to the knowledge of the Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) from Ankara, Turkey, with some new records." url="https://doi.org/10.1556/APhyt.40.2005.3-4.19" volume="40" year="2005">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sakaltaş">Sakaltas</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="3BF56D98F4EF077372F6D63AF3ADFFAC" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1556/APhyt.40.2005.3-4.19" author="Sakaltas, E" journalOrPublisher="Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" pagination="383 - 390" refId="B29" refString="Sakaltas, E, Gencer, L, 2005. Contribution to the knowledge of the Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) from Ankara, Turkey, with some new records. Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica 40 (3-4): 383 - 390, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1556/APhyt.40.2005.3-4.19" title="Contribution to the knowledge of the Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) from Ankara, Turkey, with some new records." url="https://doi.org/10.1556/APhyt.40.2005.3-4.19" volume="40" year="2005">
<normalizedToken id="4621E488E27AB81399915FF0C78A8A1B" originalValue="Sakaltaş">Sakaltas</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gençer">Gencer</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="02B0751EB0136283D8256915AEC9EA1F" originalValue="Gençer">Gencer</normalizedToken>
2005
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
<subSubSection id="9C11AA73256CFE7F3243EB87DE7BCB3B" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="comments">
<paragraph id="AA8C0F042F56CDD01F956667798C8AB8" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0CB8CE9A42250FB78D78923E950E22C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
This species can be distinguished by the narrow space, ca. 3.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="2454B09E007B57752F98EE5E5838AF69" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as broad, enclosed by submedian grooves on the scutellum. For a more detailed description, see
<bibRefCitation author="Graham, MWR de V" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology)" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 392" refId="B13" refString="Graham, MWR de V, 1987. A reclassification of the European Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), with a revision of certain genera. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology) 55 (1): 1 - 392" title="A reclassification of the European Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), with a revision of certain genera." volume="55" year="1987">Graham (1987)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="1B9C45C44D42D902FAE693C4BACE383B" author="Graham, MWR de V" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology)" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 392" refId="B13" refString="Graham, MWR de V, 1987. A reclassification of the European Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), with a revision of certain genera. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology) 55 (1): 1 - 392" title="A reclassification of the European Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), with a revision of certain genera." volume="55" year="1987">Graham (1987)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

View file

@ -1,588 +1,588 @@
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Squalus shiraii sp. nov.: lateral (A-C) and ventral (D, E) views; first (F) and second (G) dorsal fins; pectoral (H) and caudal (I) fins. HUMZ 149389 (holotype), adult male, 590 mm TL (A, D, F-I); HUMZ 80329 (paratype), adult female, 770 mm TL (B); HUMZ 80330 (paratype), juvenile male, 365 mm TL (C, E). Scale bars: 50 mm (A-E); 20 mm (F-I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420109" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Upper (A, C, E, G, I) and lower (B, D, F, H, J) teeth of S. shiraii sp. nov. (A, B; HUMZ 80329), S. mitsukurii (C, D; HUMZ 33680), S. japonicus (E, F; HUMZ 189737), S. brevirostris (G, H; HUMZ 189762) and S. suckleyi (I, J; NSMT-P 92640). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420111" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">, 3A-B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Scanning electron microscopy of the dermal denticles. Squalus shiraii sp. nov. (A, B): HUMZ 149389 (holotype), adult male, 590 mm TL. S. formosus (C, D): CSIRO H- 6816 - 01 (holotype), adult male, 720 mm TL. S. mitsukurii (E, F): HUMZ 102987, adult male, 970 mm TL. S. japonicus (G, H): NSMT-P 44380 (neotype), adult male, 645 mm TL (G); NSMT-P 91127, juvenile female, 410 mm TL (H). S. brevirostris (I, J): NSMT-P 47378, adult female, 600 mm TL (I); KAUM-I 187, adult female, 578 mm TL (J). S. suckleyi (K, L): NSMT P- 92640, adult female, 970 mm TL. Scale bars: 50 μm (B); 100 μm (D, F, L); 200 μm (A, C, E, G-K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420115" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">, 7A-B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Map of the North-western Pacific Ocean, showing the geographical distribution of Squalus species. A: S. shiraii sp. nov. (red); B: S. mitsukurii (orange); C: S. japonicus (brown); D: S. brevirostris (yellow); E: S. acutirostris (green); F: S. suckleyi (pink). Star: holotype / neotype; Dotted circle: paratypes; Circle: other material." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420116" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">, 8A</figureCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="41BEB3DFB41952728BD4252C74B48C34" LSID="41D48823-68E8-5A7F-97C1-5B4BAA1B8577" authority="Viana &amp; Carvalho, 2020" authorityName="Viana &amp; Carvalho" authorityYear="2020" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus shiraii" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiraii" status="sp. nov.">Squalus shiraii</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D40B904CF1F7CF2786AB65B6325231D2" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation id="F08307205F6EE27A051041584AC4C30C" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Squalus shiraii sp. nov.: lateral (A-C) and ventral (D, E) views; first (F) and second (G) dorsal fins; pectoral (H) and caudal (I) fins. HUMZ 149389 (holotype), adult male, 590 mm TL (A, D, F-I); HUMZ 80329 (paratype), adult female, 770 mm TL (B); HUMZ 80330 (paratype), juvenile male, 365 mm TL (C, E). Scale bars: 50 mm (A-E); 20 mm (F-I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420109" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="B5545B2439D3643904F3D2896D44FABA" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Upper (A, C, E, G, I) and lower (B, D, F, H, J) teeth of S. shiraii sp. nov. (A, B; HUMZ 80329), S. mitsukurii (C, D; HUMZ 33680), S. japonicus (E, F; HUMZ 189737), S. brevirostris (G, H; HUMZ 189762) and S. suckleyi (I, J; NSMT-P 92640). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420111" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">, 3A-B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="871AE8F1F0D65441AA20BC3CB6799CEB" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Scanning electron microscopy of the dermal denticles. Squalus shiraii sp. nov. (A, B): HUMZ 149389 (holotype), adult male, 590 mm TL. S. formosus (C, D): CSIRO H- 6816 - 01 (holotype), adult male, 720 mm TL. S. mitsukurii (E, F): HUMZ 102987, adult male, 970 mm TL. S. japonicus (G, H): NSMT-P 44380 (neotype), adult male, 645 mm TL (G); NSMT-P 91127, juvenile female, 410 mm TL (H). S. brevirostris (I, J): NSMT-P 47378, adult female, 600 mm TL (I); KAUM-I 187, adult female, 578 mm TL (J). S. suckleyi (K, L): NSMT P- 92640, adult female, 970 mm TL. Scale bars: 50 μm (B); 100 μm (D, F, L); 200 μm (A, C, E, G-K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420115" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">, 7A-B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1F41A2774DC1D34657C35908B579F663" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Map of the North-western Pacific Ocean, showing the geographical distribution of Squalus species. A: S. shiraii sp. nov. (red); B: S. mitsukurii (orange); C: S. japonicus (brown); D: S. brevirostris (yellow); E: S. acutirostris (green); F: S. suckleyi (pink). Star: holotype / neotype; Dotted circle: paratypes; Circle: other material." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420116" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">, 8A</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. External measurements of S. shiraii sp. nov. expressed as percentage of total length (% TL). Values for the holotype and a paratype (CSIRO H 6292 - 10) of S. formosus are also given for comparisons. TL is expressed in millimeters. H: holotype; N: number of specimens; x: mean; SD: standard deviation." pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Tables 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="CBEEB360543E31520DD210F51A15AD28" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. External measurements of S. shiraii sp. nov. expressed as percentage of total length (% TL). Values for the holotype and a paratype (CSIRO H 6292 - 10) of S. formosus are also given for comparisons. TL is expressed in millimeters. H: holotype; N: number of specimens; x: mean; SD: standard deviation." pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Tables 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Table 6" captionStartId="T6" captionText="Table 6. Meristic data for species of Squalus from Japan. H: holotype; P: paratypes; NT: neotype; N: number of specimens; x; mean; m: mode; SD: standard deviation." pageId="0" pageNumber="275">6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C362A7E7E99FA3EC002C278AFBADC34C" captionStart="Table 6" captionStartId="T6" captionText="Table 6. Meristic data for species of Squalus from Japan. H: holotype; P: paratypes; NT: neotype; N: number of specimens; x; mean; m: mode; SD: standard deviation." pageId="0" pageNumber="275">6</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="holotype">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<subSubSection id="ABC5CA007996F6C1587DCB60B4AF6A2D" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="holotype">
<paragraph id="525965FC1B2B90C1906DE830FF77851A" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DEA0DA182BE7D41FC4B165850D72E290" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
HUMZ 149389, adult male, 590 mm TL, Okinawa Trough,
<geoCoordinate degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="28" value="25.624445">25°37'28&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="55E8C70D295F18EFC1D56F59518E63CC" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="28" value="25.624445">25°37'28&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="126" direction="east" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="35" value="126.093056">126°05'35&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="532FDF8F479317DB4CE7D6A26AFE7180" degrees="126" direction="east" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="35" value="126.093056">126°05'35&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
to
<geoCoordinate degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="12" value="25.636667">25°38'12&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="6C23542B07BCD65B38199E9BAA4B51B3" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="12" value="25.636667">25°38'12&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
126°07'83&quot;E. Collected on 2 August 1994 by unknown collector.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="paratypes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Paratypes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<subSubSection id="3A345DF5EE4FD6BAFD3A41D18069DF3D" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="paratypes">
<paragraph id="8DB03F35288D931B4EDE6F69C7B6A2DB" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Paratypes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44E1AB59A9D7DDDFF6751D352178E0B3" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
HUMZ 80329, adult female, 770 mm TL, East China Sea,
<geoCoordinate degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="33.8" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="25.563334">25°33.8'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="5BE57334112E45549C60AFED3FDE6EA2" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="33.8" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="25.563334">25°33.8'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="126" direction="east" minutes="25.2" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="126.42">126°25.2'E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="F85E28831F8B3910CCFF3477177C6B8D" degrees="126" direction="east" minutes="25.2" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="126.42">126°25.2'E</geoCoordinate>
, 310 m depth, longline, collected on 4 December 1978 by T. Kanayama; HUMZ 80330, juvenile male, 365 mm TL, locality and collection data same as HUMZ 80329; HUMZ 80331, adult female, 755 mm TL, locality and collection data same as HUMZ 80329; HUMZ 101718, adult male, 685 mm TL, off north-west of Okinawa-jima Island, Japan, collected in July 1983 by K. Nakaya; HUMZ 146165, adult male, 600 mm TL,
<geoCoordinate degrees="31" direction="north" minutes="58.5" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="31.975">31°58.5'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE93D36C5F35C7B449D64C910EADF428" degrees="31" direction="north" minutes="58.5" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="31.975">31°58.5'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="173" direction="east" minutes="09.5" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="173.15834">173°09.5'E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="1840C2BA73292D1B0F463419548A3653" degrees="173" direction="east" minutes="09.5" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="173.15834">173°09.5'E</geoCoordinate>
, 390 m depth, longline, collected on 21 February 1997; HUMZ 149391, adult male, 623 mm TL, locality and collection data same as holotype; HUMZ 149392, adult male, 595 mm TL, locality and collection data same as holotype; HUMZ 149394, adult male, 623 mm TL, locality and collection data same as holotype; HUMZ 149395, adult male, 595 mm TL, locality and collection data same as holotype; HUMZ 149426, adult male, 630 mm TL, locality and collection data same as holotype; HUMZ 149434, adult male, 580 mm TL, Okinawa Trough,
<geoCoordinate degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="32" value="25.675554">25°40'32&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="F0F68DEF3E648805DDC322E4E294C6A0" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="32" value="25.675554">25°40'32&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="126" direction="east" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="18" value="126.23833">126°14'18&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="7D0122A974E49C2D2A62F4A020748BE4" degrees="126" direction="east" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="18" value="126.23833">126°14'18&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
to
<geoCoordinate degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="43" value="25.695276">25°41'43&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="9C7D2AC1E4AF54C719D856E0B899A22D" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="43" value="25.695276">25°41'43&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="126" direction="east" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="08" value="126.26889">126°16'08&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="2091685F8498C81C17D574369488F86D" degrees="126" direction="east" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="08" value="126.26889">126°16'08&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, collected on 2 August 1994 by unknown collector; HUMZ 149438, adult male, 605 mm TL, locality and collection data same as HUMZ 149434.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<subSubSection id="6DF0D0DE261D4EDAAFE28420CC4848C0" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="38886E412ED82A13B22047CA28140C77" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CD4FE5C8B16385FCAC70EB442E53CFD4" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
Okinawa Trough, Japan,
<geoCoordinate degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="28" value="25.624445">25°37'28&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="12E4527D9ABF0C5F1B0E54723FEEAFA0" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="28" value="25.624445">25°37'28&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="126" direction="east" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="35" value="126.093056">126°05'35&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="C1B5519AD8EE64F4AC6E536001C5AD46" degrees="126" direction="east" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="35" value="126.093056">126°05'35&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
to
<geoCoordinate degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="12" value="25.636667">25°38'12&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="4D39798A214D2EC4563420A0D32A6657" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="12" value="25.636667">25°38'12&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 126°07'83&quot;E, 2 August 1994, unknown collector.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Additional material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">HUMZ 495, juvenile female, 350 mm TL, unknown locality; HUMZ 39991, juvenile male, 260 mm TL, unknown locality.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="6C3A1C09D32BB2744B05BFB3D0EC76E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="CA44F2B986D1478A2E500E8B6D52444F" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Additional material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A145D16EEA218E9021718418A40669C2" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">HUMZ 495, juvenile female, 350 mm TL, unknown locality; HUMZ 39991, juvenile male, 260 mm TL, unknown locality.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<subSubSection id="9011C31EFD6EF4CB12D51CF7AC916696" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8DE4BAA6117AE9EE60A84DEC5D9B0155" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80669ABFA604B9A4AAB30E67C3B4FCF" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
Single values correspond to the holotype and range to paratypes, respectively. A
<taxonomicName class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="79745D858059698AABD139462328C488" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2A863BE33ABCD2D01F1092A4C42B04D7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species that is separated from its regional congeners by: first dorsal fin conspicuously upright (vs. first dorsal fin prone); pectoral-fin posterior margin falcate (vs. not falcate); upper and lower caudal lobes markedly slender with dorsal and ventral caudal tips pointed and broadly white (vs. upper and lower caudal lobes wide with dorsal and ventral caudal tips rounded and greyish in colour); dermal denticles lanceolate, except for
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. brevirostris" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. brevirostris</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7EDE45A36FF989A47F240F30604E64C2" lsidName="S. brevirostris" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis id="9EA15BF0B88A510F6149A91B36820EF3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. brevirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(vs. tricuspidate); smaller claspers with clasper outer length 3.3%, 3.3%-3.4% TL and clasper inner length 6.3%, 5.9%-6.3% TL (vs. 4.5%-4.9% TL, 6.9%-8.4% TL for
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. mitsukurii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="mitsukurii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. mitsukurii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="56F3F0865F7DB87F06957074F7A99DDF" lsidName="S. mitsukurii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="mitsukurii">
<emphasis id="0C82955951D5FEAD4B3551F67A9C8C0C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. mitsukurii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs. 4.8%, 4.3%-5.6% TL and 7.5%, 7.2%-9.1% TL for
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. japonicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. japonicus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CB2220069ECE9E117F8B59D83F2E7455" lsidName="S. japonicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="279AF3AE15C488279C079F6282056AC0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; vs. 3.9%, 3.9%-5.1% TL and 7.1%, 7.0%-8.1% TL for
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. brevirostris" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. brevirostris</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7FDB8AF08B851B8B09F3AECC3ADED002" lsidName="S. brevirostris" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis id="377C032A4EC8A02AAC1F4888AA5EB0BD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. brevirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Viana &amp; Carvalho" authorityYear="2020" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus shiraii" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiraii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus shiraii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="AB07122954828AE9D4FE5B2468156D61" authorityName="Viana &amp; Carvalho" authorityYear="2020" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus shiraii" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiraii">
<emphasis id="68845FF45F353761EBEC06E62F762B5B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus shiraii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. further differentiates from
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. mitsukurii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="mitsukurii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. mitsukurii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7267FC5E841C823FC1A4507378E24B7A" lsidName="S. mitsukurii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="mitsukurii">
<emphasis id="87F45C973F3288860029EA665661F249" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. mitsukurii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by more elongate eyes, its length 4.9%, 4.4%-4.9% TL (vs. 3.6%, 3.1%-4.0% TL) and smaller fifth gill slit, its length 1.7%, 1.7%-2.1% TL (vs. 2.3%, 2.2%-2.6% TL). It is separated from
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. japonicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. japonicus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="22F796C48B5304026E293861205356C6" lsidName="S. japonicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="791C6D7FDBAAF1682726C27F8988873A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. brevirostris" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. brevirostris</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C150BAD0CE069C4F2A9A5C0B6FCCD11D" lsidName="S. brevirostris" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis id="E376D971D64118F767021C48E5BD1289" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. brevirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by prenarial length 5.5%, 5.4%-5.6% TL (vs. 5.9%, 5.9%-6.8% TL for
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. japonicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. japonicus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="730BB8F2B01DEB3B565140564557F69F" lsidName="S. japonicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="99CC2F082643E24A04F45597B8493CE8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs. 4.0%, 3.8%-4.3% TL for
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. brevirostris" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. brevirostris</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4122284E23C41C16A67A774F4AF55F9D" lsidName="S. brevirostris" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis id="3A58FF2A1A97ACAFC58745186E032608" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. brevirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and width of first dorsal-fin spine 0.9%, 0.9%-0.9% TL (vs. 0.7%, 0.5%-0.8% TL for
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. japonicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. japonicus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B3501B763897C9BAD590268106F19F84" lsidName="S. japonicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="87E75C873CB360B175E1F769735DF844" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs. 0.7%, 0.5%-0.7% TL for
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. brevirostris" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. brevirostris</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C47A3A242BD5CFD33BE2C2537D34A0C6" lsidName="S. brevirostris" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis id="FBFAA010948BCA233E020132857B9948" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. brevirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Viana &amp; Carvalho" authorityYear="2020" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus shiraii" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiraii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus shiraii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B0063FF67994892BD1167E5DE1923DC6" authorityName="Viana &amp; Carvalho" authorityYear="2020" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus shiraii" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiraii">
<emphasis id="11EAF271CD84BF293C07E641F441F7BE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus shiraii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. further differs from
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. japonicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. japonicus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="184860246EF1FAF116A6F2C5DB2296C1" lsidName="S. japonicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="CB071A8EBC669445E86C15A3556775FA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by shorter snout, its preorbital length 7.9%, 7.4%-7.9% TL (vs. 8.7%, 8.7%-9.3% TL for
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. japonicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. japonicus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="05DE0E3EBD446D046B6A769AD88BA4B4" lsidName="S. japonicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="EBBC10F8C6515D5CC34FFABD288AF19D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), smaller preoral length 10.4%, 9.4%-10.4% TL (vs. 10.7%, 10.7%-12.2% TL), larger first dorsal fin, its base length 7.7%, 7.7%-8.7% TL and first dorsal-fin posterior margin length 9.2%, 9.0%-9.3% TL (vs. 6.7%, 6.6%-7.5% TL and 7.8%, 6.7%-8.6% TL for
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. japonicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. japonicus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4010ABE38E4FEF3F4810AF2BF558894F" lsidName="S. japonicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="71B3D86CA8A87BC6CAAEA368EC3FE845" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and wider pectoral fin, its posterior margin length 10.0%, 10.0%-11.7% TL (vs. 8.6%, 7.8%-9.2% TL). It is separated from
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. brevirostris" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. brevirostris</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7E3A9B7F99724BC0E4A8D464F04B1BD6" lsidName="S. brevirostris" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis id="C2F01B4B220CF95239AF7B0A24253936" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. brevirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by wider internarial space, its width 4.8%, 4.1%-4.8% TL (vs. 3.6%, 3.4%-3.8% TL for
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. brevirostris" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. brevirostris</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F22737FFB9E0E635C71F2A25B2AE3310" lsidName="S. brevirostris" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis id="15FD0E11FC44305610DC9AB1CFF50402" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. brevirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), smaller second dorsal fin with inner margin length 3.6%, 3.2%-4.1% TL (vs. 5.0%, 4.8%-5.7% TL), shorter pectoral-fin inner margin, its length 7.3%, 7.3%-8.3% TL (vs. 10.3%, 9.8%-11.2% TL) and narrower caudal fin, its width at caudal fork 6.4%, 5.7%-6.4% TL (vs. 6.6%, 6.6%-7.3% TL).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Viana &amp; Carvalho" authorityYear="2020" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus shiraii" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiraii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus shiraii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="AB73319185C80822BAC42E9FE8A52C30" authorityName="Viana &amp; Carvalho" authorityYear="2020" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus shiraii" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiraii">
<emphasis id="930216D5F73940B5E76B2E2AD3972436" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus shiraii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. formosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="formosus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. formosus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="53F2CF5966921A31B0CAFDAD2A7F2EBE" lsidName="S. formosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="formosus">
<emphasis id="ADEEB9BF14E1D1E7857B6E1ED032C9FF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. formosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
regardless of maturity by having more elongate precaudal (78.3%, 78.6%-80.5% TL), pre-second (60.5%, 61.1%-63.4% TL) and pre-first (30.5%, 29.6%-31.2% TL) dorsal length (vs. 77.6%-78.3% TL, 59.4%-59.7% TL and 28.1%-29.0% in
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. formosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="formosus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. formosus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C50E962EB20A4A7409C8692A3709AD81" lsidName="S. formosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="formosus">
<emphasis id="39974A82C633A20BC758AF2CEE3FAFDA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. formosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Single values correspond to the holotype and range to paratypes, respectively.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">External morphology.</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="B3DBE2D8791A61E849BE060218996D3B" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="description">
<paragraph id="F62BD45644911FB8C83D4654BEE3A46C" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9EF83B515A8AA5EBDAC84BE04FC6336F" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Single values correspond to the holotype and range to paratypes, respectively.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1048F10CF4848C6276DFF2E5DBACE39D" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<emphasis id="4AC11DF807675DFC5F17007428926635" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">External morphology.</emphasis>
Body elongate (590-770 mm maximum TL in adults), fusiform and robust, arched dorsally from anterior margin of the eye to insertion of first dorsal fin, turning straight from abdomen to caudal fin (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Squalus shiraii sp. nov.: lateral (A-C) and ventral (D, E) views; first (F) and second (G) dorsal fins; pectoral (H) and caudal (I) fins. HUMZ 149389 (holotype), adult male, 590 mm TL (A, D, F-I); HUMZ 80329 (paratype), adult female, 770 mm TL (B); HUMZ 80330 (paratype), juvenile male, 365 mm TL (C, E). Scale bars: 50 mm (A-E); 20 mm (F-I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420109" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">1A-C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C64FCFA35E84867F9632AE57D7CEE43B" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Squalus shiraii sp. nov.: lateral (A-C) and ventral (D, E) views; first (F) and second (G) dorsal fins; pectoral (H) and caudal (I) fins. HUMZ 149389 (holotype), adult male, 590 mm TL (A, D, F-I); HUMZ 80329 (paratype), adult female, 770 mm TL (B); HUMZ 80330 (paratype), juvenile male, 365 mm TL (C, E). Scale bars: 50 mm (A-E); 20 mm (F-I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420109" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">1A-C</figureCitation>
); body equally deep from head to abdomen with head height 0.9 (0.9-1.0) times trunk height and 0.9 (0.8-1.0) times abdomen height; body with its greatest width at head (head width 1.1 (1.0-1.2) times trunk width and 1.3 (1.2-1.5) times abdomen width. Head flattened anterior-dorsally, arched posterior-dorsally and elongate, its length 24.1% (21.9%-23.9%) TL. Snout conspicuously obtuse at tip and large (preorbital length 7.9%, 7.4%-8.1% TL) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Squalus shiraii sp. nov.: lateral (A-C) and ventral (D, E) views; first (F) and second (G) dorsal fins; pectoral (H) and caudal (I) fins. HUMZ 149389 (holotype), adult male, 590 mm TL (A, D, F-I); HUMZ 80329 (paratype), adult female, 770 mm TL (B); HUMZ 80330 (paratype), juvenile male, 365 mm TL (C, E). Scale bars: 50 mm (A-E); 20 mm (F-I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420109" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">1D-E</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17C47C2F625848DBC6C9AC709EDAB412" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Squalus shiraii sp. nov.: lateral (A-C) and ventral (D, E) views; first (F) and second (G) dorsal fins; pectoral (H) and caudal (I) fins. HUMZ 149389 (holotype), adult male, 590 mm TL (A, D, F-I); HUMZ 80329 (paratype), adult female, 770 mm TL (B); HUMZ 80330 (paratype), juvenile male, 365 mm TL (C, E). Scale bars: 50 mm (A-E); 20 mm (F-I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420109" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">1D-E</figureCitation>
); anterior margin of nostrils strongly broad and bi-lobed, its distance to snout tip 1.1 (1.1-1.3) times its distance to upper labial furrow; prenarial length 0.5 (0.5-0.6) times preoral length; internarial space 1.0 (0.8-1.1) times eye length. Eyes oval and enlarged, its length 3.1 (1.9-3.4) times eye height; eyes with anterior margin convex and posterior margin slightly notched. Prespiracular length 1.7 (1.7-1.7) times preorbital length and 0.6 (0.6-0.6) times prepectoral length. Spiracles crescent and large, its length 1.5% (1.0%-1.3%) TL, located laterally behind the eyes. Gill slits tall and somewhat vertical, placed anteriorly to pectoral-fin origin; fifth gill slit height 1.4 (1.1-1.7) times first gill slit height.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420109" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Viana &amp; Carvalho" authorityYear="2020" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus shiraii" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiraii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus shiraii</emphasis>
<caption id="111E682275847EB9371BFE8776F336CC" doi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420109" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph id="1AA0191786C07487CDC3F39E8304D828" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<emphasis id="B2A6DDCF33D190C121842971DA895991" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="253A38DBF996D88FD7565EF6A660836A" authorityName="Viana &amp; Carvalho" authorityYear="2020" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus shiraii" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiraii">
<emphasis id="C9D3DC59687A781126277AD1CB0065DF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus shiraii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.: lateral (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">A-C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="BBF6C653121D13E50AD37C5F20A84C4B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">A-C</emphasis>
) and ventral (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">D, E</emphasis>
<emphasis id="81E533D8611621F108DBE46829C471EF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">D, E</emphasis>
) views; first (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">F</emphasis>
<emphasis id="00E8D1EF02CC8BC78DBC99C9990B3068" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">F</emphasis>
) and second (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">G</emphasis>
<emphasis id="BD35BCB738764A8CBDB5C56E5605D7A6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">G</emphasis>
) dorsal fins; pectoral (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">H</emphasis>
<emphasis id="87BD26F54B48429A1B3566C46F7F8541" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">H</emphasis>
) and caudal (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">I</emphasis>
<emphasis id="46A7E20CB0182A6854145575AD0D5AF3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">I</emphasis>
) fins. HUMZ 149389 (holotype), adult male, 590 mm TL (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">A, D, F-I</emphasis>
<emphasis id="86B66F53F0E78D1D0D28E02CE887F7F1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">A, D, F-I</emphasis>
); HUMZ 80329 (paratype), adult female, 770 mm TL (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">B</emphasis>
<emphasis id="8E04288BD07E4E0C48AC77D474C2650C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">B</emphasis>
); HUMZ 80330 (paratype), juvenile male, 365 mm TL (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">C, E</emphasis>
<emphasis id="92AE4A64B091B1A25249A7D66F25F6C0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">C, E</emphasis>
). Scale bars: 50 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">A-E</emphasis>
<emphasis id="AA5D51541F153795F1C1554539E623A7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">A-E</emphasis>
); 20 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">F-I</emphasis>
<emphasis id="01B9263393CA815D0371DFFB8505F0E7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">F-I</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<paragraph id="ED440D5CD31B173B7C3D4A193C4D6198" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
Preoral length 1.3 (1.3-1.5) times mouth width and 0.4 (0.4-0.5) times head length. Upper labial furrow short (its length 0.5, 0.4-0.5 times eye length) with thick and small fold; lower labial furrow elongate with inconspicuous fold. Mouth arched and broad, its width 1.5 (1.3-1.4) times prenarial length and 1.7 (1.5-1.7) times internarial space. Teeth similar in both jaws; upper teeth smaller than lower teeth; teeth with cusp oblique, thick and small; mesial cutting edge slightly convex; distal heel rounded; mesial heel notched; apron short and heavy (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Upper (A, C, E, G, I) and lower (B, D, F, H, J) teeth of S. shiraii sp. nov. (A, B; HUMZ 80329), S. mitsukurii (C, D; HUMZ 33680), S. japonicus (E, F; HUMZ 189737), S. brevirostris (G, H; HUMZ 189762) and S. suckleyi (I, J; NSMT-P 92640). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420111" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">3A, B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="6F25284A1FC61D654CA0FB7468FD4941" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Upper (A, C, E, G, I) and lower (B, D, F, H, J) teeth of S. shiraii sp. nov. (A, B; HUMZ 80329), S. mitsukurii (C, D; HUMZ 33680), S. japonicus (E, F; HUMZ 189737), S. brevirostris (G, H; HUMZ 189762) and S. suckleyi (I, J; NSMT-P 92640). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420111" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">3A, B</figureCitation>
). Two and two to three series of functional teeth in the upper and lower jaws, respectively, 13-14 for holotype (13-14 for paratypes) teeth rows on upper jaw and 11-11 (11-12) teeth rows on lower jaw.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<paragraph id="DFD89EEB6116F20D8CDD0FC895DAFCDA" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
Origin of first dorsal fin over the vertical line traced at pectoral-fin insertion. First dorsal fin elongate, its length 1.5 (1.4-1.7) times height of first dorsal fin; first dorsal fin conspicuously tall, its height 1.7 (1.5-1.8) times first dorsal-fin inner margin length; first dorsal-fin anterior margin convex, posterior margin straight in the upper half and conspicuously concave in the lower half; first dorsal-fin apex rounded and evidently slender at the fin web; first dorsal-fin free rear tip triangular and first dorsal-fin inner margin short, its length 0.6 (0.5-0.7) times first dorsal-fin base length (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Squalus shiraii sp. nov.: lateral (A-C) and ventral (D, E) views; first (F) and second (G) dorsal fins; pectoral (H) and caudal (I) fins. HUMZ 149389 (holotype), adult male, 590 mm TL (A, D, F-I); HUMZ 80329 (paratype), adult female, 770 mm TL (B); HUMZ 80330 (paratype), juvenile male, 365 mm TL (C, E). Scale bars: 50 mm (A-E); 20 mm (F-I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420109" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">1F, J</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="81DD3320A7783C66DAA35FD78CC9A0F8" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Squalus shiraii sp. nov.: lateral (A-C) and ventral (D, E) views; first (F) and second (G) dorsal fins; pectoral (H) and caudal (I) fins. HUMZ 149389 (holotype), adult male, 590 mm TL (A, D, F-I); HUMZ 80329 (paratype), adult female, 770 mm TL (B); HUMZ 80330 (paratype), juvenile male, 365 mm TL (C, E). Scale bars: 50 mm (A-E); 20 mm (F-I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420109" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">1F, J</figureCitation>
). First dorsal-fin spine thick with base width 0.9% (0.9-0.9%) TL and elongate (first dorsal-fin spine length 0.5, 0.4-0.5 times height of first dorsal fin), although never reaching first dorsal-fin apex. Interdorsal space 1.0 (1.0-1.2) times prepectoral length and 2.3 (2.2-2.8) times dorsal-caudal space. Pre-second dorsal length 2.0 (2.0-2.1) times pre-first dorsal length. Second dorsal fin elongate, its length 0.9 (0.7-0.9) times length of first dorsal fin; second dorsal fin tall, its height 1.6 (1.4-1.8) times second dorsal-fin inner margin length; second dorsal-fin anterior margin convex; second dorsal-fin posterior margin strongly concave and falcate; second dorsal-fin apex rounded and lobe-like; second dorsal-fin inner margin small, its length 0.5 (0.5-0.6) times second dorsal-fin base length (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Squalus shiraii sp. nov.: lateral (A-C) and ventral (D, E) views; first (F) and second (G) dorsal fins; pectoral (H) and caudal (I) fins. HUMZ 149389 (holotype), adult male, 590 mm TL (A, D, F-I); HUMZ 80329 (paratype), adult female, 770 mm TL (B); HUMZ 80330 (paratype), juvenile male, 365 mm TL (C, E). Scale bars: 50 mm (A-E); 20 mm (F-I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420109" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">1G, K</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="EAC0162E05C82BDBD68D9EC9553B3F17" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Squalus shiraii sp. nov.: lateral (A-C) and ventral (D, E) views; first (F) and second (G) dorsal fins; pectoral (H) and caudal (I) fins. HUMZ 149389 (holotype), adult male, 590 mm TL (A, D, F-I); HUMZ 80329 (paratype), adult female, 770 mm TL (B); HUMZ 80330 (paratype), juvenile male, 365 mm TL (C, E). Scale bars: 50 mm (A-E); 20 mm (F-I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420109" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">1G, K</figureCitation>
). Second dorsal-fin spine thick with base width 0.7% (0.7%-0.8%) TL; second dorsal-fin spine elongate, its length 0.9 (0.7-0.9) times height of second dorsal fin and 1.3 (1.2-1.6) times length of first dorsal-fin spine, although not reaching second dorsal-fin apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<paragraph id="5634550F89A9860C3E5FF65A33055F21" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
Prepectoral length 3.0 (2.8-2.9) times preorbital length. Pectoral fins with anterior and inner margins conspicuously convex; pectoral-fin posterior margin markedly concave; pectoral-fin apex and free rear tips rounded and lobe-like; pectoral-fin apex conspicuously transcending the horizontal line traced at pectoral-fin free rear tip (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Squalus shiraii sp. nov.: lateral (A-C) and ventral (D, E) views; first (F) and second (G) dorsal fins; pectoral (H) and caudal (I) fins. HUMZ 149389 (holotype), adult male, 590 mm TL (A, D, F-I); HUMZ 80329 (paratype), adult female, 770 mm TL (B); HUMZ 80330 (paratype), juvenile male, 365 mm TL (C, E). Scale bars: 50 mm (A-E); 20 mm (F-I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420109" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">1H, L</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="2A0415DF39A9A95F36E285CB056B9D9F" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Squalus shiraii sp. nov.: lateral (A-C) and ventral (D, E) views; first (F) and second (G) dorsal fins; pectoral (H) and caudal (I) fins. HUMZ 149389 (holotype), adult male, 590 mm TL (A, D, F-I); HUMZ 80329 (paratype), adult female, 770 mm TL (B); HUMZ 80330 (paratype), juvenile male, 365 mm TL (C, E). Scale bars: 50 mm (A-E); 20 mm (F-I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420109" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">1H, L</figureCitation>
); pectoral fins markedly falcate and broad with pectoral-fin posterior margin 1.0 (0.4-1.0) times trunk height; pectoral-fin anterior margin 2.0 (1.7-2.0) times pectoral-fin inner margin length and 1.4 (1.4-3.2) times pectoral-fin posterior margin length. Prepelvic length 1.8 (2.0-2.2) times prepectoral length. Pelvic fins located slightly nearer to the first dorsal fin than the second dorsal fin. Pelvic fins with margins straight and apex rounded; pelvic-fin free rear tips rounded to slightly pointed, thin and lobe-like. Adult males with clasper somewhat transcending the pelvic fin; clasper inner length 1.2 (0.3-1.2) times pelvic-fin inner margin length; clasper groove medial-dorsally and vertical, profound and elongate; apopyle broad, located anteriorly in the clasper groove; hypopyle broad, located anterior to rhipidion; rhipidion blade-like, thin and small, placed at the medial-distal end of the clasper.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<paragraph id="2C142DE86419D91FF6BF0892CE799A4B" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
Pelvic-caudal space 1.4 (1.1-1.6) times pectoral-pelvic space. Caudal keel evident laterally in the caudal peduncle from second dorsal fin free rear tip to caudal-fin origin. Caudal fin with conspicuously thin upper and lower caudal lobes (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Squalus shiraii sp. nov.: lateral (A-C) and ventral (D, E) views; first (F) and second (G) dorsal fins; pectoral (H) and caudal (I) fins. HUMZ 149389 (holotype), adult male, 590 mm TL (A, D, F-I); HUMZ 80329 (paratype), adult female, 770 mm TL (B); HUMZ 80330 (paratype), juvenile male, 365 mm TL (C, E). Scale bars: 50 mm (A-E); 20 mm (F-I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420109" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">1I, M</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="2DCD4CFB35E1FF8D29BDB33A5AFCA5D2" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Squalus shiraii sp. nov.: lateral (A-C) and ventral (D, E) views; first (F) and second (G) dorsal fins; pectoral (H) and caudal (I) fins. HUMZ 149389 (holotype), adult male, 590 mm TL (A, D, F-I); HUMZ 80329 (paratype), adult female, 770 mm TL (B); HUMZ 80330 (paratype), juvenile male, 365 mm TL (C, E). Scale bars: 50 mm (A-E); 20 mm (F-I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420109" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">1I, M</figureCitation>
); caudal fork concave with its width corresponding to 6.4% (5.7%-6.4%) TL; dorsal caudal margin straight and markedly elongate, its length 0.9 (0.9-1.0) times head length and 2.1 (1.9-2.1) times length of preventral caudal margin; upper postventral margin straight on its upper half and slightly convex on its lower half; lower postventral margin convex; preventral caudal margin convex and short, its length 1.8 (2.1-2.3) times length of pelvic-fin inner margin; dorsal caudal tip rounded; ventral caudal tip markedly pointed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<taxonomicName genus="Squamation" lsidName="Squamation" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squamation</emphasis>
<paragraph id="3A8B1816849A914F12450601FBA0C90B" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<taxonomicName id="4EE9D0A8500B5B5DADB27B29B86F8AB6" genus="Squamation" lsidName="Squamation" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A9061292F3CF6521A50CEE16001D1AFE" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squamation</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Scanning electron microscopy of the dermal denticles. Squalus shiraii sp. nov. (A, B): HUMZ 149389 (holotype), adult male, 590 mm TL. S. formosus (C, D): CSIRO H- 6816 - 01 (holotype), adult male, 720 mm TL. S. mitsukurii (E, F): HUMZ 102987, adult male, 970 mm TL. S. japonicus (G, H): NSMT-P 44380 (neotype), adult male, 645 mm TL (G); NSMT-P 91127, juvenile female, 410 mm TL (H). S. brevirostris (I, J): NSMT-P 47378, adult female, 600 mm TL (I); KAUM-I 187, adult female, 578 mm TL (J). S. suckleyi (K, L): NSMT P- 92640, adult female, 970 mm TL. Scale bars: 50 μm (B); 100 μm (D, F, L); 200 μm (A, C, E, G-K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420115" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">7A, B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="60612B2C39F242F93697AB83558FDC97" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Scanning electron microscopy of the dermal denticles. Squalus shiraii sp. nov. (A, B): HUMZ 149389 (holotype), adult male, 590 mm TL. S. formosus (C, D): CSIRO H- 6816 - 01 (holotype), adult male, 720 mm TL. S. mitsukurii (E, F): HUMZ 102987, adult male, 970 mm TL. S. japonicus (G, H): NSMT-P 44380 (neotype), adult male, 645 mm TL (G); NSMT-P 91127, juvenile female, 410 mm TL (H). S. brevirostris (I, J): NSMT-P 47378, adult female, 600 mm TL (I); KAUM-I 187, adult female, 578 mm TL (J). S. suckleyi (K, L): NSMT P- 92640, adult female, 970 mm TL. Scale bars: 50 μm (B); 100 μm (D, F, L); 200 μm (A, C, E, G-K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420115" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">7A, B</figureCitation>
). Dermal denticles lanceolate and imbricate, broad at the crown base (conspicuously broad in females); length of dermal denticles larger than its width (although it is about equal to its width in females); denticles with median cusp slightly pointed lateral cusps inconspicuous; median and lateral ridges thick; median and lateral ridge bifurcated anteriorly; anterior furrow conspicuously profound and oval.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Colouration</emphasis>
<paragraph id="B10E8DD179D2E516ADA015DF9705FE31" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<emphasis id="AA62100118B1524D1AD451553574A283" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Colouration</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Squalus shiraii sp. nov.: lateral (A-C) and ventral (D, E) views; first (F) and second (G) dorsal fins; pectoral (H) and caudal (I) fins. HUMZ 149389 (holotype), adult male, 590 mm TL (A, D, F-I); HUMZ 80329 (paratype), adult female, 770 mm TL (B); HUMZ 80330 (paratype), juvenile male, 365 mm TL (C, E). Scale bars: 50 mm (A-E); 20 mm (F-I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420109" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="F6151D1CCED6A1A74408581943862E51" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Squalus shiraii sp. nov.: lateral (A-C) and ventral (D, E) views; first (F) and second (G) dorsal fins; pectoral (H) and caudal (I) fins. HUMZ 149389 (holotype), adult male, 590 mm TL (A, D, F-I); HUMZ 80329 (paratype), adult female, 770 mm TL (B); HUMZ 80330 (paratype), juvenile male, 365 mm TL (C, E). Scale bars: 50 mm (A-E); 20 mm (F-I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420109" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">1</figureCitation>
). Body brown dorsally, light brown laterally, although whitish latero-ventrally from the pelvic fin to the caudal fin and pale ventrally. Dorsal fins brownish, somewhat light brown at dorsal fin base; first dorsal-fin inner margin white; second dorsal-fin posterior margin fairly white at its lower half; second dorsal-fin apex somewhat dark brown. Dorsal-fin spines brownish anterior-laterally and white at the tip. Pectoral fins dark brown, whitish ventrally at pectoral-fin base; pectoral-fin posterior margin fairly white (not uniform); pectoral-fin apex broadly white. Pelvic fins brown and whitish at the pelvic-fin base; pelvic-fin anterior and posterior margins slightly white. Caudal fin dark brown at upper and lower caudal lobes, whitish over vertebral column; postventral caudal margins white, except at the caudal fork where it is dark brown; dorsal and ventral caudal tips broadly white; preventral caudal margin white; dark caudal stripe and bar inconspicuous; black upper caudal blotch somewhat evident in adults. Juveniles with body light brown dorsally, pale lateral and ventrally; first and second dorsal-fin posterior margins slightly white at its lower half; dorsal-fin apex blackish to dark brown at the tip; pectoral fins light brown to reddish-brown with pectoral-fin posterior margins and apex broadly white; pelvic fins light brown to reddish-brown; caudal fin dark brown with postventral caudal margins broadly white, except at the caudal fork; dorsal and ventral caudal tips broadly white; conspicuous upper black caudal blotch in the midline of dorsal caudal margin; lower caudal lobe with oblique black marking at the origin of lower caudal lobe; small black caudal bar at the caudal fork.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<taxonomicName genus="Vertebral" lsidName="Vertebral" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="genus">Vertebral</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="8658C24571C4B8DCFED2BD2008ED76AE" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<emphasis id="2BF509B4056A42DE4DD1FD14B57EB1F1" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<taxonomicName id="AAC5FF8BA787991037676526FD05EF01" genus="Vertebral" lsidName="Vertebral" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="genus">Vertebral</taxonomicName>
counts
</emphasis>
(Table
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 6" captionStartId="T6" captionText="Table 6. Meristic data for species of Squalus from Japan. H: holotype; P: paratypes; NT: neotype; N: number of specimens; x; mean; m: mode; SD: standard deviation." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/2DA11A1AF0C18FEB0512CBB43BD9057C" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" tableUuid="2DA11A1AF0C18FEB0512CBB43BD9057C">6</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="93711147B776659AF45E8CF2A7223ADD" captionStart="Table 6" captionStartId="T6" captionText="Table 6. Meristic data for species of Squalus from Japan. H: holotype; P: paratypes; NT: neotype; N: number of specimens; x; mean; m: mode; SD: standard deviation." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/2DA11A1AF0C18FEB0512CBB43BD9057C" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" tableUuid="2DA11A1AF0C18FEB0512CBB43BD9057C">6</tableCitation>
). 47 for holotype (44-48 for paratypes) monospondylous vertebrae; 93 (91-94) precaudal vertebrae; 122 (120-123) total vertebrae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<subSubSection id="5BC10F39EA4FD4D1C1909EC1EFF3567B" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="0AD33ADEE6523F43ED88D059225CDC17" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8A8A06FA40B853BB00FAE261EB16DB9C" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
This species is named after Dr. Shigeru M. Shirai, Japanese ichthyologist from Tokyo University of Agriculture, for his valuable contributions to Systematics of
<taxonomicName genus="Vertebral" lsidName="" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="order">Squaliformes</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="B2589919972A689CC2FD8649A4AF0673" class="Elasmobranchii" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Squaliformes</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="vernacular">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Vernacular.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Shirais">Shirai's</normalizedToken>
<subSubSection id="D88AC52936B03A8CE0496DDEAA3AFA45" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="vernacular">
<paragraph id="3387DF9787C9F35144DFC19FCF4BF980" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Vernacular.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="228281531063981EB3B9E9DAC5B90C56" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<normalizedToken id="0E108C5C274ADA39851D4B7E40957C1E" originalValue="Shirais">Shirai's</normalizedToken>
spurdog; Hiretaka-tsunozame (Japanese).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Geographical distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<subSubSection id="7FBD58F76BB75EBA538FB6800BBFC811" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="AF3923AD0A3F207699D34773BBBF9B2A" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Geographical distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="30719A579FB3D3E135761FED275E37D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
This species is apparently a Japanese endemic, occurring in the shallow waters of the upper continental slope off Southern Japan in the North-western Pacific Ocean at 310-390 m depth (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Map of the North-western Pacific Ocean, showing the geographical distribution of Squalus species. A: S. shiraii sp. nov. (red); B: S. mitsukurii (orange); C: S. japonicus (brown); D: S. brevirostris (yellow); E: S. acutirostris (green); F: S. suckleyi (pink). Star: holotype / neotype; Dotted circle: paratypes; Circle: other material." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420116" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">8A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="F5BF6BECEFF71401CDEA8D6A21B236CC" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Map of the North-western Pacific Ocean, showing the geographical distribution of Squalus species. A: S. shiraii sp. nov. (red); B: S. mitsukurii (orange); C: S. japonicus (brown); D: S. brevirostris (yellow); E: S. acutirostris (green); F: S. suckleyi (pink). Star: holotype / neotype; Dotted circle: paratypes; Circle: other material." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420116" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">8A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Viana &amp; Carvalho" authorityYear="2020" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus shiraii" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiraii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus shiraii</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="5DFFC1F0CD4FBB875B0874A4401B97D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="DF57B15036AB21D8F0E09087F9907FFD" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AC4C4711E8E6B6ED78C31030F47C796C" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<taxonomicName id="FC92447D4B0108E6AAFCEDB8496377CA" authorityName="Viana &amp; Carvalho" authorityYear="2020" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus shiraii" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiraii">
<emphasis id="DE779599622A9256F6FC4A58037583E6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus shiraii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.nov. is often misidentified with
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. mitsukurii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="mitsukurii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. mitsukurii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="434BB3F7FC1F6FF7F9DE10167A9820FA" lsidName="S. mitsukurii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="mitsukurii">
<emphasis id="5150B3CF121E2EE94C29813A4DDF03AE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. mitsukurii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to similarities concerning the general shape of body, pectoral and caudal fins and snout length. However, it clearly differs from this species in addition to the characters provided in the diagnosis above by having an obtuse snout, dorsal and ventral caudal tips conspicuously pointed, upper and lower caudal lobes markedly tapered, pectoral fins conspicuously falcate, dermal denticles lanceolate and unicuspidate (vs. snout rounded, dorsal and ventral caudal tips rounded, upper and lower caudal lobes broad, pectoral fins not falcate, dermal denticles rhomboid and tricuspidate in
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. mitsukurii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="mitsukurii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. mitsukurii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6F6B67F2CF8F3C48B9D1C4575C55E1EB" lsidName="S. mitsukurii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="mitsukurii">
<emphasis id="1FCC57BAEA45C7CB85417276915B334A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. mitsukurii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Viana &amp; Carvalho" authorityYear="2020" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus shiraii" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiraii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus shiraii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B983E97D697D2C9FFAA2F42A73A8F200" authorityName="Viana &amp; Carvalho" authorityYear="2020" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus shiraii" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiraii">
<emphasis id="0BED5633F5D366DDE069EBDC5277352E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus shiraii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. has body brown in colour, postventral and preventral caudal margins whitish, dorsal and ventral caudal tips broadly white and black upper caudal blotch evident in adults.
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. mitsukurii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="mitsukurii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. mitsukurii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9456C556C20FF0C974D10633D9DCC1E1" lsidName="S. mitsukurii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="mitsukurii">
<emphasis id="D4D7B4C3E330385816DECB4101776641" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. mitsukurii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has body conspicuously black to dark grey and caudal fins black throughout with post-ventral caudal margin fairly whitish and black upper caudal blotch not evident in adults.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<paragraph id="3C729B94A76C8E57DAB7D61722E3D007" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
Two recently described species,
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A9FAD0D8137FD96C9CC660604111151D" lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis id="04BD03250515545D3D914EE22551C8E7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. boretzi" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="boretzi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. boretzi</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FC850A0B8200FDCE09B526CD88D85A77" lsidName="S. boretzi" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="boretzi">
<emphasis id="9285C1BB32BC968BA3C6F64D234D4F86" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. boretzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, are also morphologically similar to
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. mitsukurii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="mitsukurii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. mitsukurii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4FE850141CFE81C4E6FA52FC4AFC4067" lsidName="S. mitsukurii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="mitsukurii">
<emphasis id="52537845013F6EE4B60ED30BE2CBB6B6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. mitsukurii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but were supported as distinct according to molecular and morphological data in
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.798.28375" author="Daly-Engel, TS" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" pagination="135 - 157" refId="B18" refString="Daly-Engel, TS, Koch, A, Anderson, JM, Cotton, CF, Grubbs, RD, 2018. Description of a new deep-water dogfish shark from Hawaii, with comments on the Squalus mitsukurii species complex in the West Pacific. ZooKeys 798: 135 - 157, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.798.28375" title="Description of a new deep-water dogfish shark from Hawaii, with comments on the Squalus mitsukurii species complex in the West Pacific." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.798.28375" volume="798" year="2018">Daly-Engel et al. (2018)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="88885C8A7F9B3F26F1BEBA0F904FBC5E" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.798.28375" author="Daly-Engel, TS" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" pagination="135 - 157" refId="B18" refString="Daly-Engel, TS, Koch, A, Anderson, JM, Cotton, CF, Grubbs, RD, 2018. Description of a new deep-water dogfish shark from Hawaii, with comments on the Squalus mitsukurii species complex in the West Pacific. ZooKeys 798: 135 - 157, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.798.28375" title="Description of a new deep-water dogfish shark from Hawaii, with comments on the Squalus mitsukurii species complex in the West Pacific." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.798.28375" volume="798" year="2018">Daly-Engel et al. (2018)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945219030044" author="Dolganov, VN" journalOrPublisher="Annales de Sciences Naturelles, Zoologie et Biologie Animale" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" refId="B23" refString="Dolganov, VN, 2019. Squalusboretzi sp. n. (Squalidae), a new squalid shark species from the Emperor Seamount Chain, Pacific Ocean (in Russian). Biologiya Morya (Vladivostok) 45(4): 279-285. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945219030044" title="Squalusboretzi sp. n. (Squalidae), a new squalid shark species from the Emperor Seamount Chain, Pacific Ocean (in Russian). Biologiya Morya (Vladivostok) 45 (4): 279 - 285." url="https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945219030044" year="2019">Dolganov (2019)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="4202DD1E075F6A9360EF011608E9BD56" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945219030044" author="Dolganov, VN" journalOrPublisher="Annales de Sciences Naturelles, Zoologie et Biologie Animale" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" refId="B23" refString="Dolganov, VN, 2019. Squalusboretzi sp. n. (Squalidae), a new squalid shark species from the Emperor Seamount Chain, Pacific Ocean (in Russian). Biologiya Morya (Vladivostok) 45(4): 279-285. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945219030044" title="Squalusboretzi sp. n. (Squalidae), a new squalid shark species from the Emperor Seamount Chain, Pacific Ocean (in Russian). Biologiya Morya (Vladivostok) 45 (4): 279 - 285." url="https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945219030044" year="2019">Dolganov (2019)</bibRefCitation>
. These species are apparently sympatric in the Hawaiian-Emperor Seamount Chain that runs across the North Pacific Ocean on about 6000 km from the Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia down to Hawaii, USA (Domier et al. 2017).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Viana &amp; Carvalho" authorityYear="2020" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus shiraii" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiraii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus shiraii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8405FC007FE1B5EFD609D90E351F8352" authorityName="Viana &amp; Carvalho" authorityYear="2020" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus shiraii" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiraii">
<emphasis id="185E9F914C1285484CF0889EC69FDD9A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus shiraii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. share with
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="DAAC43866A3BFDEFA306C38252462E80" lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis id="AB2EE8D29FAA241FD7FA89D0BD5FF570" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a more elongate snout that is more evident when considering the ratio prenarial length/inner-nostril labial furrow space (1.2, 1.1-1.3 for
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. shiraii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="shiraii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. shiraii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5EED4087B460FEEB844079BBA4CB33A8" lsidName="S. shiraii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="shiraii">
<emphasis id="E725D65B279378005C1AB5B3CEA1727B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. shiraii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. vs. 1.3, 1.1-1.1 for
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="37C02908F662BB4BAEFD8F58C31B553B" lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis id="1652A34560177F07674AF87BADCF6E56" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), body robust and presence of black upper caudal blotch, but morphometrics and vertebral counts support that they are conspicuously distinct as provided in the diagnosis above.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Viana &amp; Carvalho" authorityYear="2020" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus shiraii" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiraii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus shiraii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BFF19983CE8B4BAB836A3062807EA798" authorityName="Viana &amp; Carvalho" authorityYear="2020" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus shiraii" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiraii">
<emphasis id="5CD7C72876C176674D2593EBEB6E364D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus shiraii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. may be further distinguished from the Hawaiian species by shorter pre-second dorsal length 60.5%, 61.1%-63.4% TL (vs. 63.6%-67.0% TL for
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CCC433E02DCCD7635B6075EC4EA14836" lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis id="954CD7D3828EB3B7276B22B03E6F2F3C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), pre-vent length 47.3%, 46.8%-48.7%TL (vs. 50.4%-53.6% TL for
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="ED924372C52F9A13E22A0FADD02CF1CE" lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis id="0620D008BD23EB3A3F8050BADE7EF684" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), prepelvic length (44.1%, 44.5%-46.8%TL (vs. 48.6%-52.4% TL for
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="246EE5EC144E762C753DC2941C55ED84" lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis id="6FFA3B363CFC632960EFC8966F5B3FEB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and interdorsal space (23.8%, 24.0%-25.7%TL (vs. 26.7%-30.0% TL for
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="97C7396098BD947A0E033C69336EE115" lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis id="F51EC631B09F93FE94EDD5C9FD26F08E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Other differences include height of second dorsal fin, clasper length and head width at mouth (refer to
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.798.28375" author="Daly-Engel, TS" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" pagination="135 - 157" refId="B18" refString="Daly-Engel, TS, Koch, A, Anderson, JM, Cotton, CF, Grubbs, RD, 2018. Description of a new deep-water dogfish shark from Hawaii, with comments on the Squalus mitsukurii species complex in the West Pacific. ZooKeys 798: 135 - 157, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.798.28375" title="Description of a new deep-water dogfish shark from Hawaii, with comments on the Squalus mitsukurii species complex in the West Pacific." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.798.28375" volume="798" year="2018">Daly-Engel et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="59CBB4EE9ACDB5BEC6DB3C2B89B2F6C6" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.798.28375" author="Daly-Engel, TS" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" pagination="135 - 157" refId="B18" refString="Daly-Engel, TS, Koch, A, Anderson, JM, Cotton, CF, Grubbs, RD, 2018. Description of a new deep-water dogfish shark from Hawaii, with comments on the Squalus mitsukurii species complex in the West Pacific. ZooKeys 798: 135 - 157, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.798.28375" title="Description of a new deep-water dogfish shark from Hawaii, with comments on the Squalus mitsukurii species complex in the West Pacific." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.798.28375" volume="798" year="2018">Daly-Engel et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
for comparisons).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Viana &amp; Carvalho" authorityYear="2020" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus shiraii" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiraii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus shiraii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="36917AF69B3710E3508E436A68102012" authorityName="Viana &amp; Carvalho" authorityYear="2020" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus shiraii" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiraii">
<emphasis id="BD0A0F369E8390AC349BBC63247DF9FB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus shiraii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. has lanceolate dermal denticles and dorsal fins markedly tall and upright (vs. tricuspidate, low and oblique dorsal fins in
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1E9DE2D8D15B652F976C5D47FC530EA4" lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis id="7C44A4273189B2E27B9810C463C7F59C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). It also has shorter pectoral-caudal space than
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A29FB402E002DBB117B45F4D882F1AF7" lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis id="CCC2DD37B00BB63504C56971D2688673" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. boretzi" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="boretzi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. boretzi</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="48C3EBA03437282A02CE5E8652C3B7BF" lsidName="S. boretzi" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="boretzi">
<emphasis id="4AB689AE7E0D9C408EE77F8DF6E19638" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. boretzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(19.6%, 17.1%-22.9% TL vs. 23.6%-27.7% TL for
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="704609A8A285D6905BF6C93F7F34376B" lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis id="45D82A1459CA0DAB8C7F9215E6ACE50A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs. 25.2%-30.6% TL for
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. boretzi" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="boretzi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. boretzi</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="EB63A20D58A21FDC0E3F91EB277FE38F" lsidName="S. boretzi" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="boretzi">
<emphasis id="C907BC28D127C7B6C38DB77560CF859D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. boretzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). More detailed comparisons with
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. boretzi" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="boretzi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. boretzi</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="322A12FC9029EBD22B95CEF44848114D" lsidName="S. boretzi" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="boretzi">
<emphasis id="1AEA0BDF582696C0F65004289969B65F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. boretzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were not accomplished here because we could not yet have access to the full original description of this species that is so far available in Russian only.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<paragraph id="3796095780575DD51508064E364C97A5" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
Some characteristics of
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. shiraii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="shiraii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. shiraii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29451C04BADB766464BF77818C848D58" lsidName="S. shiraii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="shiraii">
<emphasis id="AE6BE01582447FCBD4BC4F99FDB0B2C0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. shiraii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are very similar to those of
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. formosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="formosus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. formosus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7E623C7BB8950F737A35338FB0FA3A98" lsidName="S. formosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="formosus">
<emphasis id="A09232A51C635A804A57A5C89123E566" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. formosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, the Japanese species bears much smaller dorsal and pelvic fins and it has larger pre-first, pre-second and pre-caudal length. Other differences with the Taiwanese species include larger snout (preorbital and prenarial length), smaller and thinner second dorsal-fin spine, smaller spiracle and lower gill slits and dermal denticles lanceolate (vs. weakly tricuspidate; Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Scanning electron microscopy of the dermal denticles. Squalus shiraii sp. nov. (A, B): HUMZ 149389 (holotype), adult male, 590 mm TL. S. formosus (C, D): CSIRO H- 6816 - 01 (holotype), adult male, 720 mm TL. S. mitsukurii (E, F): HUMZ 102987, adult male, 970 mm TL. S. japonicus (G, H): NSMT-P 44380 (neotype), adult male, 645 mm TL (G); NSMT-P 91127, juvenile female, 410 mm TL (H). S. brevirostris (I, J): NSMT-P 47378, adult female, 600 mm TL (I); KAUM-I 187, adult female, 578 mm TL (J). S. suckleyi (K, L): NSMT P- 92640, adult female, 970 mm TL. Scale bars: 50 μm (B); 100 μm (D, F, L); 200 μm (A, C, E, G-K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420115" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">7C, D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1D8CFEE2F5EEBCD4A6E724F8D82DFD8A" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Scanning electron microscopy of the dermal denticles. Squalus shiraii sp. nov. (A, B): HUMZ 149389 (holotype), adult male, 590 mm TL. S. formosus (C, D): CSIRO H- 6816 - 01 (holotype), adult male, 720 mm TL. S. mitsukurii (E, F): HUMZ 102987, adult male, 970 mm TL. S. japonicus (G, H): NSMT-P 44380 (neotype), adult male, 645 mm TL (G); NSMT-P 91127, juvenile female, 410 mm TL (H). S. brevirostris (I, J): NSMT-P 47378, adult female, 600 mm TL (I); KAUM-I 187, adult female, 578 mm TL (J). S. suckleyi (K, L): NSMT P- 92640, adult female, 970 mm TL. Scale bars: 50 μm (B); 100 μm (D, F, L); 200 μm (A, C, E, G-K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.51962.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420115" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">7C, D</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus formosus" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="formosus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus formosus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E7ABBE5F25B65AB8145B0C3D9B44D950" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus formosus" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="formosus">
<emphasis id="54BFD61F57DAE99CABCA043618BE6CA2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus formosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is easily identified by the presence of white anterior margin of the first dorsal fin which is absent in the Japanese species.
<taxonomicName genus="Vertebral" lsidName="Vertebral" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="genus">Vertebral</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="6735C3ED55BE254F278CD8E812F1A2AA" genus="Vertebral" lsidName="Vertebral" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="genus">Vertebral</taxonomicName>
counts further help to separate
<taxonomicName authorityName="Viana &amp; Carvalho" authorityYear="2020" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus shiraii" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiraii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus shiraii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D4772E159FE1D66DBB485FFB03C2F0F0" authorityName="Viana &amp; Carvalho" authorityYear="2020" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus shiraii" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiraii">
<emphasis id="64E1F01BCBB9EB04AD3FCF3D67A9C835" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus shiraii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. from other congeners, including precaudal vertebrae in
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. mitsukurii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="mitsukurii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. mitsukurii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A9B5C503222A1F60B185E6111361C380" lsidName="S. mitsukurii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="mitsukurii">
<emphasis id="DAAE4EB812F76712CEDCF44D69E67900" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. mitsukurii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. japonicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. japonicus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="EB220B02FA07DFE11E90DA5F2167EBFF" lsidName="S. japonicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="0F033834306315A4948BFDDE6489C360" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. brevirostris" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. brevirostris</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1F6AA832591ECE785F5EC5CE614892EC" lsidName="S. brevirostris" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis id="F59CA54168EA8F8995D13672CD21658C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. brevirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as well as
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. blainvillei" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="blainvillei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. blainvillei</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A20377F43239C993E3D204E970859D11" lsidName="S. blainvillei" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="blainvillei">
<emphasis id="08B4168C7E96948C6A4833025378C4F4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. blainvillei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. lalannei" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="lalannei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. lalannei</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5015312AF5F61B4E87B779BBEC7C21E8" lsidName="S. lalannei" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="lalannei">
<emphasis id="03A097BB910107FE2C5BCB96172BE965" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. lalannei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. montalbani" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="montalbani">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. montalbani</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4E54B36B907A6A3F94CA32A759375F0A" lsidName="S. montalbani" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="montalbani">
<emphasis id="9679C7651EC8FA3C850B68E10E38553A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. montalbani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. grahami" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="grahami">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. grahami</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="67E9793F2824D73EEDB68643D946A896" lsidName="S. grahami" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="grahami">
<emphasis id="92B5640AA7FD3F3FC0B226DA1C943A80" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. grahami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. bahiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="bahiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. bahiensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8650AF5B1D3BC834E21A24313687D69B" lsidName="S. bahiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="bahiensis">
<emphasis id="10D1DE11719512216CC44C565CB88D21" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. bahiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. bassi" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="bassi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. bassi</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C23B70D8CAA6DFDF2B889AFABC01AF84" lsidName="S. bassi" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="bassi">
<emphasis id="0EEF6EBDE9E245AAFE8F97A119377211" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. bassi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8D74A86E8799A29E9389D2E860AFCF7E" lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis id="0877342D2DFC81D70303E019F74C8B77" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. boretzi" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="boretzi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. boretzi</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="75C116B16A48483CC2A0FDDFC3578CE9" lsidName="S. boretzi" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="boretzi">
<emphasis id="06BDD250303A0E69576A8CCCD272A1D4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. boretzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and total vertebrae in
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. mitsukurii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="mitsukurii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. mitsukurii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="00C1FD454B9B3ABBB8477C37775A59BA" lsidName="S. mitsukurii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="mitsukurii">
<emphasis id="AA9F18E5FFA1AA6AEB356008C8F12A31" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. mitsukurii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. japonicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. japonicus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="20D4EF1D8BE0C21A6BF73698228421EA" lsidName="S. japonicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="AF292E6EB054F0BA8AB71800F9712945" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. brevirostris" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. brevirostris</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C2F845B318785D241727ECD1EBE226E0" lsidName="S. brevirostris" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis id="6537C031650CC99532E8645E718DF3A4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. brevirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. blainvillei" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="blainvillei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. blainvillei</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F5AFBB4232904734A84EF9B6BB92D7D7" lsidName="S. blainvillei" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="blainvillei">
<emphasis id="A816B72DF98269256E2AB0E3CD644AE4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. blainvillei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. lalannei" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="lalannei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. lalannei</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="28DEAA0276D0AB06DEE50BF4CB93274C" lsidName="S. lalannei" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="lalannei">
<emphasis id="CB27F217CDE85B033A0644FB082D57CB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. lalannei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. montalbani" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="montalbani">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. montalbani</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="06B1705EA60A027C906953F1099CDD69" lsidName="S. montalbani" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="montalbani">
<emphasis id="0081845133591AC6F5F3385BFDC50176" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. montalbani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. grahami" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="grahami">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. grahami</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="657A7A32AEF123689660A6A4C9E96768" lsidName="S. grahami" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="grahami">
<emphasis id="B893F9E9F948B98CDB16BC9C1D462183" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. grahami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. bahiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="bahiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. bahiensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D2996F0278C7795BE555156D4B0FA406" lsidName="S. bahiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="bahiensis">
<emphasis id="7AC4208D9BF510857D033BD1CC96153F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. bahiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. melanurus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="melanurus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. melanurus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="36550537EF14EC674CE07AF28ACF2CE6" lsidName="S. melanurus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="melanurus">
<emphasis id="B718D58993DE007BD381CC24FCF82BCC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. melanurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="10C8FA56CE51F4F260A47CF6EBE59CFF" lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis id="10D058BF46333E5B4D48786E70A1714C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. boretzi" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="boretzi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. boretzi</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CFBAB03BB1A05C780A5383362CE05404" lsidName="S. boretzi" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="boretzi">
<emphasis id="A20CA4A316452CC66BCADDD43149570B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. boretzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Other morphometric differences are also observed between
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. shiraii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="shiraii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. shiraii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BD84EF54E17B2B5A44AF23412FEC36D0" lsidName="S. shiraii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="shiraii">
<emphasis id="B8714B3317F8429067EE9E5DB7B9B8A9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. shiraii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. formosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="formosus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. formosus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="08F54DDC636743A77F8C815213A9ECCD" lsidName="S. formosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="formosus">
<emphasis id="8AC357F3E3397E555FD6288F4466BE44" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. formosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6632BC10CAA528E22CD4262C1CFE1A61" lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis id="678EB6E3086B66FA8DA05409E8F91BA5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
regardless of maturity stage by more elongate snout (prenarial length 5.5%, 5.4%-5.6% TL vs. 4.5%-4.9% TL for
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. formosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="formosus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. formosus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C897B56F49E774D5F686C9F1F1E71856" lsidName="S. formosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="formosus">
<emphasis id="DCC7A080A5DC193E0727531AC2E72C64" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. formosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs. 4.8%-5.1% TL for
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B59C96EF85FD79511DB993FFA549A845" lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis id="58698AB69E37E24086C6795FE7036D16" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), first dorsal-fin height 8.1%, 7.9%-8.8% TL (vs. 9.0%-10.0% TL for
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. formosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="formosus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. formosus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B0B39A3DA98B8EFE829F4FC713C525FF" lsidName="S. formosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="formosus">
<emphasis id="C21E1EDFEFF4E709BD1B575A7E0CD177" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. formosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs. 6.9%-7.7% TL for
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="402CF5EE39BA9123D58816AA1189B5F8" lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis id="8DDDB4BEADCC5917ABC7AB0E92437793" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), second dorsal-fin anterior margin, its length 10.7%, 9.7%-11.3% TL (vs. 11.9%-12.6% TL for
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. formosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="formosus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. formosus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0B1BA2C42BEA067270E0EED2E922F0B3" lsidName="S. formosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="formosus">
<emphasis id="C78AD274182BB7E88931A5970DFB37EE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. formosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs. 6.7%-7.4% TL for
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="903145DEBC6376CF5C34DF0AAB4C8B25" lsidName="S. hawaiiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis id="979E317D579F9F83AD4905C56B2C92B4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">S. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Comparative material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Daly-Engel, Koch, Anderson, Cotton &amp; Grubbs" authorityYear="2018" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus hawaiiensis" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus hawaiiensis</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="C0C4C8AD584EA402074687B8940479DD" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F5A6BFF986086E1CF834F799CFC97C29" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Comparative material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E724CBDED9A5ADB9930E055B328E343E" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<taxonomicName id="967E5B224666BA1A9C6F2975747A7859" authorityName="Daly-Engel, Koch, Anderson, Cotton &amp; Grubbs" authorityYear="2018" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus hawaiiensis" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">
<emphasis id="86A035F6CA1FAC704E0F313359A7D3C0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus hawaiiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: USNM 62450, adult female, unknown TL, Honolulu market, Oahu Island, Hawaii, USA; USNM 62467, adult female, 745 mm TL, locality same as USNM 62450. Type material of
<taxonomicName class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus formosus" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="formosus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus formosus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="ECC20C472B91ACA88FD5C487BCDFB63B" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Squalus formosus" order="Squaliformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="formosus">
<emphasis id="1A617458EC87F9347A7F98705EEA1EE1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Squalus formosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: CSIRO H 6816-01 (holotype), adult male, 720 mm TL, Tashi fish Market, North-eastern Taiwan; CSIRO H 6292-10 (paratype), juvenile female, 335 mm TL, same locality as holotype.
</paragraph>

View file

@ -1,218 +1,218 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.770.22470" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5abea0d1-6d9e-41b0-8839-9e7d84e7e61e" ID-PMC="PMC6041365" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-770-117" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FF87AD70FFD3FFBBFFEFFFAEE805FFFD" ID-PubMed="30002592" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1310203" ID-ZooBank="1402C2E76F9448838F60E34CF9B3D348" ModsDocID="1313-2970-770-117" checkinTime="1530781158320" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Li, Bing, Zhao, Zhe, Zhang, Chuntian &amp; Li, Shuqiang" docDate="2018" docId="41E7A73016B22058239A57807D065B7F" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 770: 117-135" docOrigin="ZooKeys 770" docPubDate="2018-07-04" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.770.22470" docTitle="Sinodraconarius cawarongensis Z. Zhao &amp; S. Li 2018, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="6A67E4D6-67A1-41BC-A22A-03D82C14E98F" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="FF87AD70FFD3FFBBFFEFFFAEE805FFFD" lastPageNumber="117" masterDocId="FF87AD70FFD3FFBBFFEFFFAEE805FFFD" masterDocTitle="Sinodraconarius gen. n., a new genus of Coelotinae spiders from Southwest China (Araneae, Agelenidae)" masterLastPageNumber="135" masterPageNumber="117" pageNumber="117" updateTime="1668165945013" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Sinodraconarius gen. n., a new genus of Coelotinae spiders from Southwest China (Araneae, Agelenidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="054CBE31617B12E473DBD5F7338FFF8F">Sinodraconarius gen. n., a new genus of Coelotinae spiders from Southwest China (Araneae, Agelenidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Li, Bing</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110034, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePart id="B80A6794BE90961FBF5A7CE41C9ADE2D">Li, Bing</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2CE7F2703223654B841EDC4720EC69CF">College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110034, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Zhao, Zhe</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePart id="C43CA403FD20C2A0B837C4BB27AB7C58">Zhao, Zhe</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="1B370F05CC8C4711C61ED2FD83899CED">Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Zhang, Chuntian</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110034, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AFB1D8E80A4695675EE6A27C7103CB2A">Zhang, Chuntian</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B22E14D4A82858E505C840D9C563A743">College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110034, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Li, Shuqiang</mods:namePart>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182229671" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6A67E4D6-67A1-41BC-A22A-03D82C14E98F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/41E7A73016B22058239A57807D065B7F" lastPageNumber="117" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/6A67E4D6-67A1-41BC-A22A-03D82C14E98F" authority="Z. Zhao &amp; S. Li" authorityName="Z. Zhao &amp; S. Li" authorityYear="2018" class="Arachnida" family="Agelenidae" genus="Sinodraconarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinodraconarius cawarongensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cawarongensis" status="sp. n.">Sinodraconarius cawarongensis Z. Zhao &amp; S. Li</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="117">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Left male palp of Sinodraconarius cawarongensis sp. n., holotype. A Prolateral view B Ventral view C Retrolateral view. Scale bar equal for A, B, C." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.22470.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214749" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Figs 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Epigyne and habitus of Sinodraconarius cawarongensis sp. n. A Epigyne, ventral B Vulva, dorsal C Male habitus, dorsal D Female habitus, dorsal E Female habitus, ventral. Scale bar equal for D and E." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.22470.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214750" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">, 4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Localities of Sinodraconarius species in the Southwest China. 1 S. cawarongensis sp. n. 2 S. muruoensis sp. n. 3 S. patellabifidus 4 S. sangjiuensis sp. n. 5 S. yui sp. n." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.22470.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214757" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">, 11</figureCitation>
<treatment id="41E7A73016B22058239A57807D065B7F" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182229671" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6A67E4D6-67A1-41BC-A22A-03D82C14E98F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/41E7A73016B22058239A57807D065B7F" lastPageNumber="117" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" scope_family="Agelenidae" scope_order="Araneae">
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<paragraph id="7B449DBD94302FDA60FBC3EBDCF5DDBC" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
<taxonomicName id="D8725378CBBF190870DD8CAF7C677CE7" ID-CoL="4XL2V" LSID="http://zoobank.org/6A67E4D6-67A1-41BC-A22A-03D82C14E98F" authority="Z. Zhao &amp; S. Li" authorityName="Z. Zhao &amp; S. Li" authorityYear="2018" class="Arachnida" family="Agelenidae" genus="Sinodraconarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinodraconarius cawarongensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cawarongensis" status="sp. n.">Sinodraconarius cawarongensis Z. Zhao &amp; S. Li</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A243CC5362285CB73DF7375B5032C6AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation id="0A104147E5DE0786BA81135B65950333" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Left male palp of Sinodraconarius cawarongensis sp. n., holotype. A Prolateral view B Ventral view C Retrolateral view. Scale bar equal for A, B, C." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.22470.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214749" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Figs 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="6829FF3B1969DA16E421478E568B26C6" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Epigyne and habitus of Sinodraconarius cawarongensis sp. n. A Epigyne, ventral B Vulva, dorsal C Male habitus, dorsal D Female habitus, dorsal E Female habitus, ventral. Scale bar equal for D and E." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.22470.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214750" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">, 4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="A08BBF24B88C205A4C744ED4AAECE04D" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Localities of Sinodraconarius species in the Southwest China. 1 S. cawarongensis sp. n. 2 S. muruoensis sp. n. 3 S. patellabifidus 4 S. sangjiuensis sp. n. 5 S. yui sp. n." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.22470.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214757" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">, 11</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Holotype</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="BE97537B78CEECBA887C49BE70F3016A" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="type material">
<paragraph id="7D15E42AE5DE95D89351A4B8416D5099" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="13248C303E7512F8A9A0C39EFC4B7757" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
<emphasis id="5BF21D27C60F033BE1136D5673EF4014" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Holotype</emphasis>
♂ (IZCAS): China: Tibet:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Zayü">Zayue</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="4133C0B93A179576CE54D054EA32A152" originalValue="Zayü">Zayue</normalizedToken>
: Cawarong Township, 3.5 km E of Jumuchang,
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.55227" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="28.55227">N28.55227°</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="A88E3B5D4898BB5B05C857ACCB034750" degrees="28.55227" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="28.55227">N28.55227°</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="98.19554" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.19554">E98.19554°</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="FAB2493B6DB5938A05437D955D239DAF" degrees="98.19554" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.19554">E98.19554°</geoCoordinate>
, 3145 m, 7.IX.2014, Jincheng Liu leg.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Paratypes</emphasis>
<emphasis id="76C9A87285DA1397E93F74ACE1E51574" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Paratypes</emphasis>
: 13♂♂, 4♀♀ (IZCAS): same data as holotype; 9♂♂, 1♀ (IZCAS): China: Tibet:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Zayü">Zayue</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="FD85465A2716B004368DAA2BB425EE43" originalValue="Zayü">Zayue</normalizedToken>
: Zhowagoin Township, Ridong Village,
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.49183" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="28.49183">N28.49183°</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="6582F719DE70F7C630D95E5C51779269" degrees="28.49183" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="28.49183">N28.49183°</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="98.11320" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.1132">E98.11320°</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="F648A0341E8AF11DC8816388778D517A" degrees="98.11320" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.1132">E98.11320°</geoCoordinate>
, 3495 m, 4.IX.2014, Jincheng Liu; 6♂♂, 2♀♀ (IZCAS): China: Tibet:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Zayü">Zayue</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="59AAED6DDF3677847DE0BCDE2CEC2EA3" originalValue="Zayü">Zayue</normalizedToken>
: Zhowagoin Township, 6 km N of Muruo Village,
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.59332" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="28.59332">N28.59332°</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="E373BF0CE7EC722697EA08A855455C13" degrees="28.59332" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="28.59332">N28.59332°</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="98.02774" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.02774">E98.02774°</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="F5A9ECFFC90C18731B57794444AEADD1" degrees="98.02774" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.02774">E98.02774°</geoCoordinate>
, 3955 m, 5.IX.2014, Jincheng Liu leg.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">The specific name refers to the type locality, Cawarong Township; adjective.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="FD4ED401073B783015E88988423F0933" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="02D2FEA083051341D0A1797E1DB9680F" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C6C4E576439243FA3DD4CEAB70D781AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">The specific name refers to the type locality, Cawarong Township; adjective.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
<subSubSection id="7DA64947003D0F9B329A5E1D5428D128" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F14995C01FDFF83F9CCCDB38CF7DEC4A" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AAC19042EB889460891F61644EDDB778" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
The males are similar to
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. patellabifidus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patellabifidus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">S. patellabifidus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="55417E74A673DFA33348DD6C400BF8EE" class="Arachnida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. patellabifidus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patellabifidus">
<emphasis id="7105376DB14A98BAD771C99920E4CCBE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">S. patellabifidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having an indistinct LTA and a long median apophysis but can be differentiated by the branches of the patellar apophysis, with the ventral branch larger than the dorsal branch in retrolateral view
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">vs.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="153E82BAAF11140F396148CC47C182BC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">vs.</emphasis>
the ventral branch equal to the dorsal branch in
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">S. patellabifidus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0CE92CF04DF8F0A41645A8E10AB2249F" class="Arachnida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. patellabifidus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patellabifidus">
<emphasis id="AAFF223E292B153452EB417D5E9C509D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">S. patellabifidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Figs
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,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Left male palp of Sinodraconarius patellabifidus A Prolateral view B Ventral view C Retrolateral view. Scale bar equal for A, B, C." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.22470.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214753" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">7A-C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="E88C636DECB74135E720C5D3B8478BF8" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Left male palp of Sinodraconarius patellabifidus A Prolateral view B Ventral view C Retrolateral view. Scale bar equal for A, B, C." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.22470.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214753" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">7A-C</figureCitation>
). The females can be differentiated from
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">S. sangjiuensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B4F6F0D116E2713D1725BFEEE0426630" class="Arachnida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. sangjiuensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sangjiuensis">
<emphasis id="1FF62FDAD4F0AD8734ECA68D4E7D0674" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">S. sangjiuensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n. by having the head of receptacles located anteriorly
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">vs.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="9AD15590BF809AAEFDA0953F4B1A4375" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">vs.</emphasis>
mediolaterally in
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. sangjiuensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sangjiuensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">S. sangjiuensis</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="E72A0E213B8B5BAE767D6308647053D0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">S. sangjiuensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n. and the septum indistinct (apex of the septum is tapering in
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">S. sangjiuensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0C1F8C2AC31B6EF54F6D1C1508C34926" class="Arachnida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. sangjiuensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sangjiuensis">
<emphasis id="71A682EA1B045F1A005647118E466D25" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">S. sangjiuensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.) (Figs
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<figureCitation id="198BA463475B6E7C6C512FD0181E78DA" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Epigyne and habitus of Sinodraconarius sangjiuensis sp. n. A Epigyne, ventral B Vulva, dorsal C Male habitus, dorsal D Female habitus, dorsal E Female habitus, ventral. Scale bar equal for D and E." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.22470.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214748" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">2A-B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Epigyne and habitus of Sinodraconarius cawarongensis sp. n. A Epigyne, ventral B Vulva, dorsal C Male habitus, dorsal D Female habitus, dorsal E Female habitus, ventral. Scale bar equal for D and E." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.22470.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214750" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">4A-B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="BCCB8BB1ACA2930E81DDAAEDAC75582E" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Epigyne and habitus of Sinodraconarius cawarongensis sp. n. A Epigyne, ventral B Vulva, dorsal C Male habitus, dorsal D Female habitus, dorsal E Female habitus, ventral. Scale bar equal for D and E." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.22470.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214750" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">4A-B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Epigyne and habitus of Sinodraconarius patellabifidus A Epigyne, ventral B Vulva, dorsal C Male habitus, dorsal D Female habitus, dorsal E Female habitus, ventral. Scale bar equal for D and E." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.22470.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214754" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">8A-B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1335F3B97202E6F4E0DCA0F653C168C2" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Epigyne and habitus of Sinodraconarius patellabifidus A Epigyne, ventral B Vulva, dorsal C Male habitus, dorsal D Female habitus, dorsal E Female habitus, ventral. Scale bar equal for D and E." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.22470.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214754" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">8A-B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1310317" doi="10.3897/zookeys.770.22470.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214749" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<caption id="3A99E3D5BDC40A0E7EC0DB8736AA355A" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1310317" doi="10.3897/zookeys.770.22470.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214749" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="CCBEE0FA2788483C27F23DF595A2E9B0" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
<emphasis id="98EA62AD903DCBFD6470E52BD9CD64B9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Left male palp of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Z. Zhao &amp; S. Li" authorityYear="2018" class="Arachnida" family="Agelenidae" genus="Sinodraconarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinodraconarius cawarongensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cawarongensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Sinodraconarius cawarongensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="65B68510FC519366A299B9CBCFDC95A4" authorityName="Z. Zhao &amp; S. Li" authorityYear="2018" class="Arachnida" family="Agelenidae" genus="Sinodraconarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinodraconarius cawarongensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cawarongensis">
<emphasis id="2A4F81BAC875A88ADF3D581A9F940B8F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Sinodraconarius cawarongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n., holotype.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">A</emphasis>
<emphasis id="22C1F13E0B9DF4D9A58DEA9C2E693530" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">A</emphasis>
Prolateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">B</emphasis>
<emphasis id="0FA8192FE2AF9E9B9738464B60168D99" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">B</emphasis>
Ventral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="70F3E744FBFD1A926F090A372B7E0073" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">C</emphasis>
Retrolateral view. Scale bar equal for
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">A, B, C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="4FE2A3A584E0EA7F6E601F1340405229" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">A, B, C</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Male (holotype).</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="DC47F20AF228A0626FAD1342A49A3AE6" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="description">
<paragraph id="8A8F3ED55AAD56B9F7D42EDA619F7A64" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF52AD706F56462A2B8B1D0A6B376B21" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
<emphasis id="4B5DB50939C155C428BBDEA0FF42699B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Male (holotype).</emphasis>
Total length 8.45. Carapace 4.50 long, 3.35 wide. Abdomen 3.95 long, 2.65 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.12, ALE 0.18, PME 0.15, PLE 0.16; AME-AME 0.09, AME-ALE 0.05, AME-PME 0.15, ALE-PLE 0, PME-PME 0.13, PME-PLE 0.15. Leg measurements: I 14.86 (5.25, 4.81, 2.88, 1.92); II 13.99 (5.25, 4.25, 2.88, 1.61); III 13.73 (4.75, 3.85, 3.21, 1.92); IV 16.28 (5.45, 4.49, 4.10, 2.24). Palp: with one crescent-like bifurcate patellar apophysis, ventral branch is larger than dorsal branch of patellar apophysis; anterior 1/5 of RTA extending beyond the tibia; LTA indistinct; cymbial furrow less than 1/3 of cymbium length; apex of conductor pointed and bent retrolaterally; median apophysis finger-like, covered in short hairs; dorsal conductor apophysis broad, the visible part (between conductor and tegulum) subtriangular; embolus broad, beginning at position 8:30
<normalizedToken originalValue="oclock">o'clock</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="81FA50ABA609ECF0F4BF2675AF0434F4" originalValue="oclock">o'clock</normalizedToken>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Left male palp of Sinodraconarius cawarongensis sp. n., holotype. A Prolateral view B Ventral view C Retrolateral view. Scale bar equal for A, B, C." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.22470.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214749" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">3A-C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="A76A6FF5F1314C21744AC481018D819F" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Left male palp of Sinodraconarius cawarongensis sp. n., holotype. A Prolateral view B Ventral view C Retrolateral view. Scale bar equal for A, B, C." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.22470.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214749" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">3A-C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Female (paratype).</emphasis>
<paragraph id="D2F72137E361F90824CB645B2C7258DD" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
<emphasis id="75E89B05A558487132F0D4DB48463B38" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Female (paratype).</emphasis>
Total length 6.90. Carapace 3.40 long, 2.30 wide. Abdomen 3.50 long, 2.50 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.09, ALE 0.16, PME 0.14, PLE 0.15; AME-AME 0.08, AME-ALE 0.05, AME-PME 0.18, ALE-PLE 0, PME-PME 0.13, PME-PLE 0.14. Leg measurements: I 8.68 (3.30, 2.75, 1.66, 0.97); II 8.16 (3.05, 2.49, 1.66, 0.96); III 7.98 (3.15, 2.24, 1.61, 0.98); IV 9.82 (3.75, 2.75, 2.11, 1.21). Epigyne: rectangular; septum indistinct; hoods located anterolaterally on the plate; atrium 3 times longer than wide, anterior part slightly wider than posterior part, occupying about 1/8 of epigynal plate; receptacles broad, separated by a width of a receptacle; the head of receptacles located anteriorly (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Epigyne and habitus of Sinodraconarius cawarongensis sp. n. A Epigyne, ventral B Vulva, dorsal C Male habitus, dorsal D Female habitus, dorsal E Female habitus, ventral. Scale bar equal for D and E." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.22470.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214750" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">4A-B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="68F100497E6BB0F9E0D8022FFDFB8298" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Epigyne and habitus of Sinodraconarius cawarongensis sp. n. A Epigyne, ventral B Vulva, dorsal C Male habitus, dorsal D Female habitus, dorsal E Female habitus, ventral. Scale bar equal for D and E." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.22470.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214750" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">4A-B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1310319" doi="10.3897/zookeys.770.22470.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214750" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<caption id="2DAC5C13BAE9A016C1A4C69AD354BA52" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1310319" doi="10.3897/zookeys.770.22470.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214750" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="94EFD2724607D926797196A34395512B" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
<emphasis id="68B55028B0E3EF6F54FD4A3F98B603BF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Epigyne and habitus of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Z. Zhao &amp; S. Li" authorityYear="2018" class="Arachnida" family="Agelenidae" genus="Sinodraconarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinodraconarius cawarongensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cawarongensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Sinodraconarius cawarongensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="664EC91608ECB1341A1D92F1A4D0CC77" authorityName="Z. Zhao &amp; S. Li" authorityYear="2018" class="Arachnida" family="Agelenidae" genus="Sinodraconarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinodraconarius cawarongensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cawarongensis">
<emphasis id="7541E5005054DDAFCFF3F29880B39D6D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Sinodraconarius cawarongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">A</emphasis>
<emphasis id="489C89DCC0DDB1642190D81C6693C8F3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">A</emphasis>
Epigyne, ventral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">B</emphasis>
<emphasis id="9F202529C8D764573CCFDBDFF10F8EC8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">B</emphasis>
Vulva, dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A3B1A07D2932B9165CE35E8B2A2997B1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">C</emphasis>
Male habitus, dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">D</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A755BA20B2DF541231A31E06086ECB79" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">D</emphasis>
Female habitus, dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A53163EB0BD856D942CA0C4CE647FF92" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E</emphasis>
Female habitus, ventral. Scale bar equal for
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">D</emphasis>
<emphasis id="37914029303A1B7F3B1AB23774B56DF3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">D</emphasis>
and
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A92CA73AF5770C24DB94691932DA26E5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="variation">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Variation.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Total length of males (n = 29) 7.69-10.26 and of females (n = 7) 6.90-8.34.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="866094D467A15B7E4389AC8480727627" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="variation">
<paragraph id="16432AE41709647142A4C8F4439C0935" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Variation.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6FD66F5832BD60193A37573F0497E19B" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Total length of males (n = 29) 7.69-10.26 and of females (n = 7) 6.90-8.34.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
<subSubSection id="73B189609A9BF2DBAB5F47F5545AC3A0" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="CEF409EBEA10CA61EFD1BD204D16DEAE" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5056BA6FDAA62788C3619409FE26E244" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
Known only from
<normalizedToken originalValue="Zayü">Zayue</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="C7CBD922D98C7AE2AC07B065E07B12B4" originalValue="Zayü">Zayue</normalizedToken>
, Tibet (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Localities of Sinodraconarius species in the Southwest China. 1 S. cawarongensis sp. n. 2 S. muruoensis sp. n. 3 S. patellabifidus 4 S. sangjiuensis sp. n. 5 S. yui sp. n." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.22470.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214757" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">11</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="449A04454406B8AC349A4BE59EE38F66" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Localities of Sinodraconarius species in the Southwest China. 1 S. cawarongensis sp. n. 2 S. muruoensis sp. n. 3 S. patellabifidus 4 S. sangjiuensis sp. n. 5 S. yui sp. n." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.22470.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214757" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">11</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>