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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.960.54053" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cb9000f1-4fb7-4516-8045-609ee2f861de" ID-PMC="PMC7445191" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-960-39" ID-Pensoft-UUID="B887F26343D65937AD1404E91BB73583" ID-PubMed="32884397" ID-ZooBank="2444E1F8400240EABA3C4B1D11778DF2" ModsDocID="1313-2970-960-39" checkinTime="1597680771070" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Shuqiang &amp; Bian, Dongju" docDate="2020" docId="0A187242ED45594C869450147D8E8886" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 960: 39-62" docOrigin="ZooKeys 960" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.960.54053" docTitle="Trilacuna hponkanrazi Tong &amp; Li 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="13FB4E13-509E-4C85-A8EB-AA4DCD6607BB" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="B887F26343D65937AD1404E91BB73583" lastPageNumber="39" masterDocId="B887F26343D65937AD1404E91BB73583" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic studies on the genus Trilacuna (Araneae, Oonopidae) from Myanmar" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="39" pageNumber="39" updateTime="1668169272096" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Taxonomic studies on the genus Trilacuna (Araneae, Oonopidae) from Myanmar</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="A005521107740E2B3D1B154683693409">Taxonomic studies on the genus Trilacuna (Araneae, Oonopidae) from Myanmar</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Tong, Yanfeng</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Life Science College, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China &amp; Southeast Asia Biological Diversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw 05282, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePart id="40A2C3B0155431D62E85002B64808E0A">Tong, Yanfeng</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DD6DA5ADC5A056B2DED4225AFF4E0841">Life Science College, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China &amp; Southeast Asia Biological Diversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw 05282, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Li, Shuqiang</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3290-5416</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">lisq@ioz.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:namePart id="DC0A2F0358DFBA4487571A86080656A6">Li, Shuqiang</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4AEB7C1BAA3CA7039A0638AEFF0076BA">Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Bian, Dongju</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Shenyang 110016, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2766B0F0B5160635894CB8925571F913">Bian, Dongju</mods:namePart>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7019534" ID-GBIF-Taxon="166240678" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7019534" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:13FB4E13-509E-4C85-A8EB-AA4DCD6607BB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A187242ED45594C869450147D8E8886" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
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<taxonomicName LSID="0A187242-ED45-594C-8694-50147D8E8886" authority="Tong &amp; Li" authorityName="Tong &amp; Li" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Trilacuna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilacuna hponkanrazi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hponkanrazi" status="sp. nov.">Trilacuna hponkanrazi Tong &amp; Li</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="39">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view (arrow shows the patches). Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442556" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Figs 7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype, left palp, SEM A, B, G prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views C, D palpal bulb in prolateral and retrolateral views E, F, H distal part of palpal bulb in prolateral, retrolateral, and dorsal views. Abbreviations: db = dorsal branch; ds = dorsal setae; lb = lateral branch; smb = small median branch; svl = small ventral lobe; vs = ventral setae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442557" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">, 8</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., female (IZCAS AR- 25147) A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view. Abbreviation: ldi = labium deep incision; spr = sclerotized posterior ridge. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442558" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">, 9</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Trilacuna spp., left male palp A-C T. besucheti D-F T. changzi sp. nov. G-I T. hponkanrazi sp. nov. J-L T. triseta sp. nov. A, D, G, J prolateral views B, E, H, K dorsal views C, F, I, L retrolateral views. Scales: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442563" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">, 14G-I</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Trilacuna spp., female copulatory organ A, B T. besucheti C, D T. changzi sp. nov. E, F T. hponkanrazi sp. nov. G, H T. loebli I, J T. zhigangi sp. nov. A, C, E, G, I ventral view B, D, F, H, J dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap = apodeme; as = anterior sclerite; db = darkened band; glo = globular structure; psp = posterior spiracle; sep = semicircular plate; tba = transverse bars; tp = triangular plate; tsc = transverse sclerite. Scales: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442564" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">, 15E, F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Trilacuna spp., male labium and endites, ventral view A, B T. changzi sp. nov., white arrow shows the long, strongly curved spines C, D T. hponkanrazi sp. nov. E, F T. besucheti G, H T. triseta sp. nov., black arrow shows the three black, strong setae. Abbreviations: bts = bent thick setae; cos = comb-like setae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442565" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">, 16C, D</figureCitation>
<treatment id="0A187242ED45594C869450147D8E8886" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7019534" ID-GBIF-Taxon="166240678" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7019534" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:13FB4E13-509E-4C85-A8EB-AA4DCD6607BB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A187242ED45594C869450147D8E8886" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" scope_family="Oonopidae" scope_order="Araneae">
<subSubSection id="0714EE6D5C3F63E15E4A2F94872179D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="nomenclature">
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<taxonomicName id="D214EF965F750838ED30046ECC57B5BF" ID-CoL="98ZMT" LSID="0A187242-ED45-594C-8694-50147D8E8886" authority="Tong &amp; Li" authorityName="Tong &amp; Li" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Trilacuna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilacuna hponkanrazi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hponkanrazi" status="sp. nov.">Trilacuna hponkanrazi Tong &amp; Li</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="EEF2E32F7F23C009A8E245EA87A569BF" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation id="CFF9F185655A915F38118323D98D93DC" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view (arrow shows the patches). Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442556" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Figs 7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="2617E991CD3EE322D721BC40739715ED" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype, left palp, SEM A, B, G prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views C, D palpal bulb in prolateral and retrolateral views E, F, H distal part of palpal bulb in prolateral, retrolateral, and dorsal views. Abbreviations: db = dorsal branch; ds = dorsal setae; lb = lateral branch; smb = small median branch; svl = small ventral lobe; vs = ventral setae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442557" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">, 8</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="7E119DDB93DAC73A164E518C048332F7" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., female (IZCAS AR- 25147) A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view. Abbreviation: ldi = labium deep incision; spr = sclerotized posterior ridge. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442558" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">, 9</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1DB16AF5953CDA15FE0A39CF565942BB" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Trilacuna spp., left male palp A-C T. besucheti D-F T. changzi sp. nov. G-I T. hponkanrazi sp. nov. J-L T. triseta sp. nov. A, D, G, J prolateral views B, E, H, K dorsal views C, F, I, L retrolateral views. Scales: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442563" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">, 14G-I</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AD90EC2A6B2C8CF3FFF75A7734F7F087" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Trilacuna spp., female copulatory organ A, B T. besucheti C, D T. changzi sp. nov. E, F T. hponkanrazi sp. nov. G, H T. loebli I, J T. zhigangi sp. nov. A, C, E, G, I ventral view B, D, F, H, J dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap = apodeme; as = anterior sclerite; db = darkened band; glo = globular structure; psp = posterior spiracle; sep = semicircular plate; tba = transverse bars; tp = triangular plate; tsc = transverse sclerite. Scales: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442564" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">, 15E, F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="D55C988F7E96E07EFB98237181B00B97" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Trilacuna spp., male labium and endites, ventral view A, B T. changzi sp. nov., white arrow shows the long, strongly curved spines C, D T. hponkanrazi sp. nov. E, F T. besucheti G, H T. triseta sp. nov., black arrow shows the three black, strong setae. Abbreviations: bts = bent thick setae; cos = comb-like setae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442565" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">, 16C, D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Holotype</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="479E4E62C57C7A2761DDB82958F7D032" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="type material">
<paragraph id="9843F3BD2F8A21E504E4E46F1B46A7A4" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9F605D03338E0140AB9B79355EB71CC9" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="18059AA428776FDC131A72664AF829D2" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Holotype</emphasis>
♂: Myanmar, Kachin State, Putao, Hponkanrazi Wildlife Sanctuary, around Ziradum;
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="34.499" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.574984">27°34.499'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="53994CC6A89B09FA0C1B652C4DB9CCB2" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="34.499" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.574984">27°34.499'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="97" direction="east" minutes="03.546" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="97.0591">97°03.546'E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="830D0059DDB866CD65AC1BADF57BFABC" degrees="97" direction="east" minutes="03.546" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="97.0591">97°03.546'E</geoCoordinate>
; elevation ca 1100 m; 19.XII.2016; Wu J. leg. (IZCAS AR-25141).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Paratypes</emphasis>
<emphasis id="2E211E1499F407D60C16DD80D2F2BC0B" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Paratypes</emphasis>
1♀: Myanmar, same data as for holotype (IZCAS AR-25142); 2♂1♀: roadside between Wasadum and Ziradum;
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="32.305" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.538416">27°32.305'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="326412C20AF851FC52912D8B73B4BBBB" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="32.305" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.538416">27°32.305'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="97" direction="east" minutes="07.537" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="97.12562">97°07.537'E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="48B933CAD9A9CA21C0FD641055087559" degrees="97" direction="east" minutes="07.537" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="97.12562">97°07.537'E</geoCoordinate>
; elevation ca 980 m; 12.XII.2016; Wu J. leg. (IZCAS AR-25143-25144-25145); 1♂: same data as preceding;
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="32.767" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.546116">27°32.767'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="FF081303723C6FEF6D9B847186B0FC98" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="32.767" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.546116">27°32.767'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="97" direction="east" minutes="07.283" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="97.12138">97°07.283'E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="05C9D40A33886DEA91E764E870CDABED" degrees="97" direction="east" minutes="07.283" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="97.12138">97°07.283'E</geoCoordinate>
; elevation ca 970 m; 12.XII.2016; Wu J. leg. (IZCAS AR-25146); 3♀: around Ziradum Village;
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="33.465" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.55775">27°33.465'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="0FACC637153FE4F360F816146B599E11" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="33.465" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.55775">27°33.465'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="97" direction="east" minutes="06.580" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="97.109665">97°06.580'E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="30B20ABEEB9D0F673430235FD3046FF6" degrees="97" direction="east" minutes="06.580" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="97.109665">97°06.580'E</geoCoordinate>
; 1051 m; 8.V.2017; Wu J. leg. (IZCAS AR-25147-25148-25149); 1♀: same data as preceding;
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="35.305" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.588417">27°35.305'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="67305DB6B29917A25359CA5EB7512B51" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="35.305" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.588417">27°35.305'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="97" direction="east" minutes="04.893" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="97.08155">97°04.893'E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="126AA780BF46922056294E6717BAE289" degrees="97" direction="east" minutes="04.893" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="97.08155">97°04.893'E</geoCoordinate>
; elevation ca 1140 m; 13.V.2017; Wu J. leg. (IZCAS AR-25150).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
<subSubSection id="6CAFA5A799447061173CB1B040BB1537" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="258D2A77D148CB0FC8D346C161B29805" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2FB00F33CBD0E824E1EE319AEB203AA9" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
The new species is similar to
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. gongshan" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="gongshan">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">T. gongshan</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="966A78996C8D8CAF280C5E06B78918C7" lsidName="T. gongshan" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="gongshan">
<emphasis id="AC4D0ACDD702932D1368A2DD6B2A7049" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">T. gongshan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Tong, Zhang &amp; Li, 2019 but can be distinguished by the forked dorsal branch of the embolus system (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype, left palp, SEM A, B, G prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views C, D palpal bulb in prolateral and retrolateral views E, F, H distal part of palpal bulb in prolateral, retrolateral, and dorsal views. Abbreviations: db = dorsal branch; ds = dorsal setae; lb = lateral branch; smb = small median branch; svl = small ventral lobe; vs = ventral setae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442557" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">8E</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="D2174C65086668652763DE936F590068" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype, left palp, SEM A, B, G prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views C, D palpal bulb in prolateral and retrolateral views E, F, H distal part of palpal bulb in prolateral, retrolateral, and dorsal views. Abbreviations: db = dorsal branch; ds = dorsal setae; lb = lateral branch; smb = small median branch; svl = small ventral lobe; vs = ventral setae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442557" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">8E</figureCitation>
), the curved, strongly sclerotized posterior ridge (spr) of the
<normalizedToken originalValue="females">female's</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="9FA876BB75FF04D67119860E73737DD2" originalValue="females">female's</normalizedToken>
epigastric
<taxonomicName lsidName="area" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="area">area</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="8C9470B70BFBC63A8600AE6F7861BBA4" lsidName="area" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="area">area</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., female (IZCAS AR- 25147) A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view. Abbreviation: ldi = labium deep incision; spr = sclerotized posterior ridge. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442558" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">9G</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="A105E63F403CFBDCAF94394C4022DF95" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., female (IZCAS AR- 25147) A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view. Abbreviation: ldi = labium deep incision; spr = sclerotized posterior ridge. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442558" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">9G</figureCitation>
), and the reticulate carapace (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view (arrow shows the patches). Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442556" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">7D, F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="F13072E8EF0E3FA53E4D2ABF4C06E8C8" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view (arrow shows the patches). Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442556" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">7D, F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., female (IZCAS AR- 25147) A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view. Abbreviation: ldi = labium deep incision; spr = sclerotized posterior ridge. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442558" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">9D, F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="FC065053460C5606D607E0F6F7C19A1D" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., female (IZCAS AR- 25147) A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view. Abbreviation: ldi = labium deep incision; spr = sclerotized posterior ridge. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442558" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">9D, F</figureCitation>
) of both sexes.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tong, Zhang &amp; Li" authorityYear="2019" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Trilacuna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilacuna gongshan" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gongshan">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Trilacuna gongshan</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="69F3E88599FCB53B205280F399376260" authorityName="Tong, Zhang &amp; Li" authorityYear="2019" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Trilacuna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilacuna gongshan" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gongshan">
<emphasis id="C063CD87B3583709A542B2CDD9B5151C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Trilacuna gongshan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has three long, tooth-like lobes in the embolus system, without a curved, strongly sclerotized posterior ridge in the
<normalizedToken originalValue="females">female's</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="62C42ED35CFEE4D7A6F43332D8C74922" originalValue="females">female's</normalizedToken>
epigastric
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Trilacuna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="area" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="area">area</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="C5AA3F0F6C145A29D1475ED85168A7DB" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Trilacuna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="area" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="area">area</taxonomicName>
, and with a granulate carapace in both sexes (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.821.29599" author="Tong, Y" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" pagination="11 - 44" refId="B7" refString="Tong, Y, Chen, H, Bai, S, Zhang, Z, Li, S, 2019. Seven new species of the genus Trilacuna Tong &amp; Li, 2007 from Yunnan, China (Araneae, Oonopidae). ZooKeys 821: 11 - 44, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.821.29599" title="Seven new species of the genus Trilacuna Tong &amp; Li, 2007 from Yunnan, China (Araneae, Oonopidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.821.29599" volume="821" year="2019">Tong et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="5169AB3269EF495F67C41BB1B2A21756" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.821.29599" author="Tong, Y" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" pagination="11 - 44" refId="B7" refString="Tong, Y, Chen, H, Bai, S, Zhang, Z, Li, S, 2019. Seven new species of the genus Trilacuna Tong &amp; Li, 2007 from Yunnan, China (Araneae, Oonopidae). ZooKeys 821: 11 - 44, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.821.29599" title="Seven new species of the genus Trilacuna Tong &amp; Li, 2007 from Yunnan, China (Araneae, Oonopidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.821.29599" volume="821" year="2019">Tong et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
: figs 10-12, 24G, H).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442556" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Figure 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tong &amp; Li" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Trilacuna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilacuna hponkanrazi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hponkanrazi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Trilacuna hponkanrazi</emphasis>
<caption id="40F7C301A7CF907E70A6C7CBDFA859B4" doi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442556" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
<paragraph id="9CFE5A02C7FDEB94443F58CBE0C88DB5" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="BA19138B9612879B7FD8C34E07031AC5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Figure 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="46C72ABD30FB0D7CC2AB8CA59DB6FAEB" authorityName="Tong &amp; Li" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Trilacuna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilacuna hponkanrazi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hponkanrazi">
<emphasis id="F3FA1E69CBCE3A853229BF65C7C78697" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Trilacuna hponkanrazi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., male holotype
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">A-C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="9DC2C21D6AE5C4DCE66C51605EBE0359" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">A-C</emphasis>
habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">D-F, H</emphasis>
<emphasis id="81E69B7AD3FEBE478F66EA274B1F857D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">D-F, H</emphasis>
prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">G</emphasis>
<emphasis id="737FA815B52C3D6876DF916A61B140E1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">G</emphasis>
abdomen in ventral view (arrow shows the patches). Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
<subSubSection id="82EA651AF7B7E2560683ABC3BE3009A5" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="description">
<paragraph id="5664AA8A56FD70AD0EFCED102AB68663" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="904ED22D1B12E2143909612F69F57DEF" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="8B0621E2E4956BEC831E561158D81A49" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
Male.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Body</emphasis>
<emphasis id="AEDD709DB7026FFE963FFA2857D76D3A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Body</emphasis>
</emphasis>
: yellow, chelicerae and sternum lighter; habitus as in Figure
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view (arrow shows the patches). Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442556" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">7A-C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="F4EBCEA50722A364AEEB275548CFCA77" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view (arrow shows the patches). Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442556" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">7A-C</figureCitation>
; body length 1.49.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Carapace</emphasis>
<emphasis id="FFBFB302F3663204D142DFF292427A49" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Carapace</emphasis>
: 0.74 long, 0.60 wide; sides finely reticulate; lateral margin rebordered (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view (arrow shows the patches). Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442556" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">7C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="0ACE4316428A385F4646466C36F46700" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view (arrow shows the patches). Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442556" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">7C</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Eyes</emphasis>
<emphasis id="14C225FCEB7861F74512EFFBDD0C8B58" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Eyes</emphasis>
: ALE largest; PLE and PME nearly equal in size; ALE-PLE separated by less than ALE radius; PME touching each other; posterior eye row recurved as viewed from above, procurved as viewed from front (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view (arrow shows the patches). Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442556" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">7D, H</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="DF4C8470D3B44E5BDD88BF3D4A4AD21C" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view (arrow shows the patches). Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442556" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">7D, H</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Clypeus</emphasis>
<emphasis id="AC1901ED7F5C32CCDDCE4577F2BB381B" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Clypeus</emphasis>
: height about 1.25 times of ALE diameter.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Mouthparts</emphasis>
<emphasis id="703ACA926987E2DF1CEA92978AE92514" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Mouthparts</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view (arrow shows the patches). Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442556" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">7E, H</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="24EAEDE522B3A829C37718B92A4F834D" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view (arrow shows the patches). Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442556" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">7E, H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Trilacuna spp., male labium and endites, ventral view A, B T. changzi sp. nov., white arrow shows the long, strongly curved spines C, D T. hponkanrazi sp. nov. E, F T. besucheti G, H T. triseta sp. nov., black arrow shows the three black, strong setae. Abbreviations: bts = bent thick setae; cos = comb-like setae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442565" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">16C, D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="F914359F10932DB7DC1A5E15EF058CD5" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Trilacuna spp., male labium and endites, ventral view A, B T. changzi sp. nov., white arrow shows the long, strongly curved spines C, D T. hponkanrazi sp. nov. E, F T. besucheti G, H T. triseta sp. nov., black arrow shows the three black, strong setae. Abbreviations: bts = bent thick setae; cos = comb-like setae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442565" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">16C, D</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Sternum</emphasis>
<emphasis id="E20A21BA30ED031870922029D67984BA" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Sternum</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view (arrow shows the patches). Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442556" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">7E</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="3DFDC6B77687110C512E1167C078A3BB" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view (arrow shows the patches). Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442556" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">7E</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Abdomen</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A57152A29D670E3F7FC05D06A9ADB75A" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Abdomen</emphasis>
: 0.63 long, 0.48 wide; booklung covers ovoid, surface smooth (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view (arrow shows the patches). Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442556" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">7C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="982856E7D0683088AFDCD6CC82C2103D" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view (arrow shows the patches). Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442556" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">7C</figureCitation>
); dorsal scutum not fused with epigastric scutum; apodemes absent; posterior spiracles not connected by groove; epigastric region with patches between the posterior spiracles (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view (arrow shows the patches). Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442556" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">7G</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="B96303AECF2350EDC10E98B0D85030BB" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view (arrow shows the patches). Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; ldi = labium deep incision. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442556" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">7G</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Palp</emphasis>
<emphasis id="ABE5DAFFD12F912C746CC348B5324B95" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Palp</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype, left palp, SEM A, B, G prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views C, D palpal bulb in prolateral and retrolateral views E, F, H distal part of palpal bulb in prolateral, retrolateral, and dorsal views. Abbreviations: db = dorsal branch; ds = dorsal setae; lb = lateral branch; smb = small median branch; svl = small ventral lobe; vs = ventral setae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442557" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">8</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="955D6C86B4ACD2659CD96FEA904AD029" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype, left palp, SEM A, B, G prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views C, D palpal bulb in prolateral and retrolateral views E, F, H distal part of palpal bulb in prolateral, retrolateral, and dorsal views. Abbreviations: db = dorsal branch; ds = dorsal setae; lb = lateral branch; smb = small median branch; svl = small ventral lobe; vs = ventral setae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442557" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Trilacuna spp., left male palp A-C T. besucheti D-F T. changzi sp. nov. G-I T. hponkanrazi sp. nov. J-L T. triseta sp. nov. A, D, G, J prolateral views B, E, H, K dorsal views C, F, I, L retrolateral views. Scales: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442563" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">14G-I</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="9E43613C31B0CE4E3341BCFE12FA2E9C" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Trilacuna spp., left male palp A-C T. besucheti D-F T. changzi sp. nov. G-I T. hponkanrazi sp. nov. J-L T. triseta sp. nov. A, D, G, J prolateral views B, E, H, K dorsal views C, F, I, L retrolateral views. Scales: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442563" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">14G-I</figureCitation>
): orange; 0.52 long (0.15, 0.09, 0.13, 0.15); femur greatly swollen (width/length = 0.74) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype, left palp, SEM A, B, G prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views C, D palpal bulb in prolateral and retrolateral views E, F, H distal part of palpal bulb in prolateral, retrolateral, and dorsal views. Abbreviations: db = dorsal branch; ds = dorsal setae; lb = lateral branch; smb = small median branch; svl = small ventral lobe; vs = ventral setae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442557" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">8A, B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="73EF87FB17C2D4601DD66C674D2AC2E8" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype, left palp, SEM A, B, G prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views C, D palpal bulb in prolateral and retrolateral views E, F, H distal part of palpal bulb in prolateral, retrolateral, and dorsal views. Abbreviations: db = dorsal branch; ds = dorsal setae; lb = lateral branch; smb = small median branch; svl = small ventral lobe; vs = ventral setae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442557" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">8A, B</figureCitation>
); bulb oval, stout, tapering apically; embolus system (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype, left palp, SEM A, B, G prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views C, D palpal bulb in prolateral and retrolateral views E, F, H distal part of palpal bulb in prolateral, retrolateral, and dorsal views. Abbreviations: db = dorsal branch; ds = dorsal setae; lb = lateral branch; smb = small median branch; svl = small ventral lobe; vs = ventral setae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442557" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">8E, F, H</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="B8BDCF9F368AE4C9A616FF3FC75718DF" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., male holotype, left palp, SEM A, B, G prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views C, D palpal bulb in prolateral and retrolateral views E, F, H distal part of palpal bulb in prolateral, retrolateral, and dorsal views. Abbreviations: db = dorsal branch; ds = dorsal setae; lb = lateral branch; smb = small median branch; svl = small ventral lobe; vs = ventral setae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442557" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">8E, F, H</figureCitation>
) with a forked dorsal branch (db) and a small ventral lobe (svl) in prolateral view, with a small median branch (mb) and a lateral branch (lb) in retrolateral view.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442557" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Figure 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tong &amp; Li" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Trilacuna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilacuna hponkanrazi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hponkanrazi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Trilacuna hponkanrazi</emphasis>
<caption id="8D9B4399ABD1E7E54CE5E42B8E506C71" doi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442557" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
<paragraph id="99E9C45A53E3B8B2167C614E5F2A0E23" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="44815F8D65FDE4C09B4B00BAD6B7E2F4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Figure 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="746608B4A0A6A8138815BE0F7FB8A9DF" authorityName="Tong &amp; Li" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Trilacuna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilacuna hponkanrazi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hponkanrazi">
<emphasis id="57082727DD957FDDBCE2C796EC337CC9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Trilacuna hponkanrazi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., male holotype, left palp, SEM
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">A, B, G</emphasis>
<emphasis id="55CDD8C1DA24764446A44EF43AFA37D9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">A, B, G</emphasis>
prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">C, D</emphasis>
<emphasis id="F8420DBF4A298F30511B8EA39E215B3E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">C, D</emphasis>
palpal bulb in prolateral and retrolateral views
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">E, F, H</emphasis>
<emphasis id="4C7291122C008D918BF9B8186D3747CB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">E, F, H</emphasis>
distal part of palpal bulb in prolateral, retrolateral, and dorsal views. Abbreviations: db = dorsal branch; ds = dorsal setae; lb= lateral branch; smb= small median branch; svl = small ventral lobe; vs = ventral setae.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Female.</emphasis>
<paragraph id="193E7FE71FC059495F24EC109B8C9A2D" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="47866840E2A9F51F1B038B5BB13094AD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Female.</emphasis>
Same as male except as noted.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Habitus</emphasis>
<emphasis id="7F3EC1DCEE929FA29CCC2CD747DA2FD7" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Habitus</emphasis>
: as in Figure
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., female (IZCAS AR- 25147) A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view. Abbreviation: ldi = labium deep incision; spr = sclerotized posterior ridge. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442558" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">9A-C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="098FF4C346650C1B4E2E54F0395D652C" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., female (IZCAS AR- 25147) A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view. Abbreviation: ldi = labium deep incision; spr = sclerotized posterior ridge. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442558" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">9A-C</figureCitation>
.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Body</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A00EBFB7526910366F91156B6C602B4B" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Body</emphasis>
: length 1.43.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Carapace</emphasis>
<emphasis id="CE873702F477E2F346A9A7BE6FB7119F" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Carapace</emphasis>
: 0.70 long, 0.57 wide.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Abdomen</emphasis>
<emphasis id="E1DFC0914D9149A257277118BD4EF968" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Abdomen</emphasis>
: 0.76 long, 0.45 wide.
<taxonomicName genus="Epigastric" lsidName="Epigastric area" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="area">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Epigastric area</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="945769AE564236759A4F3B69BC2C67B4" genus="Epigastric" lsidName="Epigastric area" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="area">
<emphasis id="04B44C9AE8B554E73F19BB5F9E2F353E" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Epigastric area</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., female (IZCAS AR- 25147) A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view. Abbreviation: ldi = labium deep incision; spr = sclerotized posterior ridge. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442558" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">9G</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AD0E89BCFB01D225B6CF64F0E8AC07F3" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Trilacuna hponkanrazi sp. nov., female (IZCAS AR- 25147) A-C habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views D-F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view. Abbreviation: ldi = labium deep incision; spr = sclerotized posterior ridge. Scale bars: 0.4 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442558" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">9G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Trilacuna spp., female copulatory organ A, B T. besucheti C, D T. changzi sp. nov. E, F T. hponkanrazi sp. nov. G, H T. loebli I, J T. zhigangi sp. nov. A, C, E, G, I ventral view B, D, F, H, J dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap = apodeme; as = anterior sclerite; db = darkened band; glo = globular structure; psp = posterior spiracle; sep = semicircular plate; tba = transverse bars; tp = triangular plate; tsc = transverse sclerite. Scales: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442564" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">15E</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="82F91279D2A9C06B68A0BD2EDDC9BC25" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Trilacuna spp., female copulatory organ A, B T. besucheti C, D T. changzi sp. nov. E, F T. hponkanrazi sp. nov. G, H T. loebli I, J T. zhigangi sp. nov. A, C, E, G, I ventral view B, D, F, H, J dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap = apodeme; as = anterior sclerite; db = darkened band; glo = globular structure; psp = posterior spiracle; sep = semicircular plate; tba = transverse bars; tp = triangular plate; tsc = transverse sclerite. Scales: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442564" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">15E</figureCitation>
): with a curved, strongly sclerotized posterior ridge (spr).
<taxonomicName genus="Endogyne" lsidName="Endogyne" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Endogyne</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9236DBD1B343A349F4B71A9FF8000F30" genus="Endogyne" lsidName="Endogyne" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3CA951CE869FC8F02DA93E93F496486" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Endogyne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Trilacuna spp., female copulatory organ A, B T. besucheti C, D T. changzi sp. nov. E, F T. hponkanrazi sp. nov. G, H T. loebli I, J T. zhigangi sp. nov. A, C, E, G, I ventral view B, D, F, H, J dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap = apodeme; as = anterior sclerite; db = darkened band; glo = globular structure; psp = posterior spiracle; sep = semicircular plate; tba = transverse bars; tp = triangular plate; tsc = transverse sclerite. Scales: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442564" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">15F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="320B0FC68257C056C52134DDF3E126E0" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Trilacuna spp., female copulatory organ A, B T. besucheti C, D T. changzi sp. nov. E, F T. hponkanrazi sp. nov. G, H T. loebli I, J T. zhigangi sp. nov. A, C, E, G, I ventral view B, D, F, H, J dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap = apodeme; as = anterior sclerite; db = darkened band; glo = globular structure; psp = posterior spiracle; sep = semicircular plate; tba = transverse bars; tp = triangular plate; tsc = transverse sclerite. Scales: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442564" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">15F</figureCitation>
): with narrow, transverse sclerite (tsc), an anterior stick-shaped sclerite (as), and a posterior small globular structure (glo); transverse bars (tba) with two lateral apodemes (ap).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442558" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Figure 9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tong &amp; Li" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Trilacuna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilacuna hponkanrazi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hponkanrazi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Trilacuna hponkanrazi</emphasis>
<caption id="262A317FF293197BA38E7D74654E0392" doi="10.3897/zookeys.960.54053.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442558" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
<paragraph id="D51E10FB768CE2EC8AC2626DF0C896D9" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="120A7127EEE8CED77FB598A4B1B92A57" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Figure 9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="39B75894476EB150238307E495F03F0A" authorityName="Tong &amp; Li" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Trilacuna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilacuna hponkanrazi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hponkanrazi">
<emphasis id="A56E9FA5C576CDDC7E58FF426E9A4233" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Trilacuna hponkanrazi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., female (IZCAS AR-25147)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">A-C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="E2449859ED63E8E035EB39ACD26C1B2F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">A-C</emphasis>
habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">D-F, H</emphasis>
<emphasis id="F9D4BDA125A691584414F4EB5DFC167C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">D-F, H</emphasis>
prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">G</emphasis>
<emphasis id="AFF8081C4FC7424CC7A45855CA6B0BAE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">G</emphasis>
abdomen in ventral view. Abbreviation: ldi = labium deep incision; spr = sclerotized posterior ridge. Scale bars: 0.4 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="98D473DEDA1CC1D4E1DE5865805286F8" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="E3415E871B3A7361801F0FD9F3272C8B" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BAC0BB7B4D7B26CCAC3E1A318A9C96BD" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Known only from the type locality.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="25DE8BA9D0B69E6229911018737AC779" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="2C07D4C909E7DC6197BF05251B009A0A" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AC04352FA0E62B8696AF9BA9C3E87990" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Known only from the type locality.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -1,134 +1,134 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.865.36296" ID-GBIF-Dataset="131dde94-28f3-4cec-ab7f-06788c037ac0" ID-PMC="PMC6663936" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-865-137" ID-Pensoft-UUID="B9F801F26CF95D06930D84AEAD5BC556" ID-PubMed="31379448" ID-ZooBank="EAD1EAB670BE48B187E9DBBFCBEA5EAD" ModsDocID="1313-2970-865-137" checkinTime="1563870666136" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pall-Gergely, Barna &amp; Neubert, Eike" docDate="2019" docId="0A370AD65C2345BE9633E139A36E28F1" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 865: 137-154" docOrigin="ZooKeys 865" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.865.36296" docTitle="Dentichloritis brevidens Sowerby I 1841" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="146" masterDocId="FFE72A64FF8ED503FF84D5694E24467A" masterDocTitle="New insights in Trichochloritis Pilsbry, 1891 and its relatives (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Camaenidae)" masterLastPageNumber="154" masterPageNumber="137" pageNumber="145" updateTime="1668167599677" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>New insights in Trichochloritis Pilsbry, 1891 and its relatives (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Camaenidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="FD1CE4DAB358E81C9244541D2AABCF3F">New insights in Trichochloritis Pilsbry, 1891 and its relatives (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Camaenidae)</mods:title>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="158849716" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0A370AD65C2345BE9633E139A36E28F1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A370AD65C2345BE9633E139A36E28F1" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="146" pageId="8" pageNumber="145">
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<taxonomicName LSID="0a370ad6-5c23-45be-9633-e139a36e28f1" authority="Sowerby I, 1841" authorityName="Sowerby I" authorityYear="1841" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Dentichloritis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dentichloritis brevidens" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="145" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="brevidens">
<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="145" start="start">Dentichloritis</pageBreakToken>
<treatment id="0A370AD65C2345BE9633E139A36E28F1" ID-GBIF-Taxon="158849716" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0A370AD65C2345BE9633E139A36E28F1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A370AD65C2345BE9633E139A36E28F1" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="146" pageId="8" pageNumber="145" scope_class="Gastropoda" scope_family="Camaenidae">
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<taxonomicName id="2B7D5197DBB13EF801FA4FEFEF6EB24C" ID-CoL="7R2H8" LSID="0a370ad6-5c23-45be-9633-e139a36e28f1" authority="Sowerby I, 1841" authorityName="Sowerby I" authorityYear="1841" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Dentichloritis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dentichloritis brevidens" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="145" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="brevidens">
<pageBreakToken id="FE3EE8762AC585271FBEA26054FE6666" pageId="8" pageNumber="145" start="start">Dentichloritis</pageBreakToken>
brevidens (Sowerby I, 1841)
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1314" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 13 - 14. Dentichloritis brevidens 13 syntype Helix brevidens Sowerby I, 1841, NHMUK 20190452, D = 19.5 mm 14 Morphology of the genital organs of Dentichloritis brevidens; modified after Schileyko (2007)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.865.36296.figures13-14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/319424" pageId="8" pageNumber="145">Figs 13-14</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="EC789AC02D5908D261B89E14C026DCFC" captionStart="Figures 1314" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 13 - 14. Dentichloritis brevidens 13 syntype Helix brevidens Sowerby I, 1841, NHMUK 20190452, D = 19.5 mm 14 Morphology of the genital organs of Dentichloritis brevidens; modified after Schileyko (2007)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.865.36296.figures13-14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/319424" pageId="8" pageNumber="145">Figs 13-14</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="146" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="146">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix brevidens" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="146" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="brevidens">
<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="146" start="start">Helix</pageBreakToken>
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<paragraph id="889FD793C00886D90AB40CAFC8AAFA4F" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">
<taxonomicName id="EA6164140722F0D8852A2658AD312B47" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix brevidens" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="146" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="brevidens">
<pageBreakToken id="0DEC2C427FB322D44BEBF62C8B511C74" pageId="9" pageNumber="146" start="start">Helix</pageBreakToken>
brevidens
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Sowerby I, 1841: 25.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="146">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Trichochloritis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichochloritis brevidens" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="146" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="brevidens">Trichochloritis brevidens</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="87B6B0DEF5ECC87AE176E3BA18B17CE7" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">
<taxonomicName id="6973C1CE960B6C042FC89A705A3C7DB7" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Trichochloritis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichochloritis brevidens" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="146" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="brevidens">Trichochloritis brevidens</taxonomicName>
:
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: 2113-2114, fig. 2032b, c.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="146">Type specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="146">
<subSubSection id="493FCBC527BFC9B932E959D46394EEE1" pageId="9" pageNumber="146" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="616DA3620E7E4089A5CEB6E80FDD73CF" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">Type specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1CD79CFC14FA09A3F3975682DCDEA0A6" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">
Philippines, m.c. (Museum Cuming), 3 syntypes NHMUK 20190452 (D of photographed shell = 19.5 mm [
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1314" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 13 - 14. Dentichloritis brevidens 13 syntype Helix brevidens Sowerby I, 1841, NHMUK 20190452, D = 19.5 mm 14 Morphology of the genital organs of Dentichloritis brevidens; modified after Schileyko (2007)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.865.36296.figures13-14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/319424" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="641322C80551FFD34789D0D7BFE51019" captionStart="Figures 1314" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 13 - 14. Dentichloritis brevidens 13 syntype Helix brevidens Sowerby I, 1841, NHMUK 20190452, D = 19.5 mm 14 Morphology of the genital organs of Dentichloritis brevidens; modified after Schileyko (2007)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.865.36296.figures13-14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/319424" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
]).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="146">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="146">Philippines, Puerto Galero (Municipality of Puerto Galera, municipality in the province of Oriental Mindoro).</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="5125E6C25F03AD5FEB823C0FDB762A2F" pageId="9" pageNumber="146" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="A77BDBD825B70FFCB05B96F322F4DC80" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C8160B3A87C95CD7253075DE9410A158" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">Philippines, Puerto Galero (Municipality of Puerto Galera, municipality in the province of Oriental Mindoro).</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="146" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="146">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="146">A middle-sized, yellowish species with a slender reddish peripheral belt, short hairs on the entire shell, nearly closed umbilicus (only visible in oblique view), and a slight thickening (denticle) on the basal part of peristome.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="DCC8351C63B10F0AF78FD16ACE6D870A" pageId="9" pageNumber="146" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="98C8888D5CC2A251AE957F2BAC6C8EB3" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B34EFCDBB283003E6EEE85BF2BEC6AA" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">A middle-sized, yellowish species with a slender reddish peripheral belt, short hairs on the entire shell, nearly closed umbilicus (only visible in oblique view), and a slight thickening (denticle) on the basal part of peristome.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="146" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="146">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="146">Shell medium sized, depressed globular; body whorl rounded with slight indication of a blunt shoulder; last quarter to half whorl with a very shallow subsutural furrow; the 3.75-4 whorls are separated by a shallow suture; colour yellowish to ochre with a reddish slender belt above shoulder (midpoint of body whorl); protoconch consists of 1.5-1.75 whorls, finely granulate, with fine radial wrinkles; teleoconch covered by short hairs or hair scars, which are visible to the naked eye as well; aperture semilunar; peristome expanded and slightly reflected, and reinforced by a thickened whitish brown lip; a slight swelling (denticle) visible on basal part of peristome, between the midpoint of the basal peristome and the columella; parietal region with an inconspicuous layer, which is matter than the rest of the shell; umbilicus nearly closed by columellar reflection, visible only by oblique view.</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.865.36296.figures13-14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/319424" pageId="9" pageNumber="146" start="Figures 1314" startId="F6">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="146">
<subSubSection id="F2D569907D638334D49F05ED5E0D1C8D" pageId="9" pageNumber="146" type="description">
<paragraph id="3C2970200449B4F7038CC2FE979A17FA" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="12ADAF64028CA1C98FCB26B5D9E8EEEA" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">Shell medium sized, depressed globular; body whorl rounded with slight indication of a blunt shoulder; last quarter to half whorl with a very shallow subsutural furrow; the 3.75-4 whorls are separated by a shallow suture; colour yellowish to ochre with a reddish slender belt above shoulder (midpoint of body whorl); protoconch consists of 1.5-1.75 whorls, finely granulate, with fine radial wrinkles; teleoconch covered by short hairs or hair scars, which are visible to the naked eye as well; aperture semilunar; peristome expanded and slightly reflected, and reinforced by a thickened whitish brown lip; a slight swelling (denticle) visible on basal part of peristome, between the midpoint of the basal peristome and the columella; parietal region with an inconspicuous layer, which is matter than the rest of the shell; umbilicus nearly closed by columellar reflection, visible only by oblique view.</paragraph>
<caption id="8E6F8AC998C6C9184EB4E6784E65A4AC" doi="10.3897/zookeys.865.36296.figures13-14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/319424" pageId="9" pageNumber="146" start="Figures 1314" startId="F6">
<paragraph id="C6E13416C70167FBA1B841936D19248B" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">
Figures 13-14.
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Dentichloritis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dentichloritis brevidens" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="146" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="brevidens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">Dentichloritis brevidens</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="067A8642D0D5BB1EE3B5E7FAE68E00F1" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Dentichloritis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dentichloritis brevidens" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="146" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="brevidens">
<emphasis id="13F754199CCDDFFEEBFB473CE75C8911" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">Dentichloritis brevidens</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">13</emphasis>
<emphasis id="EA666BD4553888F7D216964E814F0756" bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">13</emphasis>
syntype
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix brevidens" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="146" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="brevidens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">Helix brevidens</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5977872F24D6C3841226D482C9DFC67C" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix brevidens" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="146" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="brevidens">
<emphasis id="CB33491D0535FC08020D564A7A690ED2" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">Helix brevidens</emphasis>
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Sowerby I, 1841, NHMUK 20190452, D = 19.5 mm
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">14</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C17E6922F8A998DB47F54F394934E6B8" bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">14</emphasis>
Morphology of the genital organs of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Dentichloritis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dentichloritis brevidens" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="146" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="brevidens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">Dentichloritis brevidens</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="341565DDB7F8907E0D524ECBEF28AA0D" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Dentichloritis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dentichloritis brevidens" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="146" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="brevidens">
<emphasis id="32635F9C0273D9B87A87AE38CEB3B094" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">Dentichloritis brevidens</emphasis>
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; modified after
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.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<paragraph id="E61942BF9BFFC81559CF7B31F4C05B20" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">
Anatomy: Penis very thick-walled, with narrow lumen, internally with short plicae in basal part and very large conic tubercles in main chamber; flagellum and epiphallus absent; vas deferens rather long, evenly thin down to atrium; approximately one third way up it is attached to penis, and after penis is enlarged and fusiform, then in becomes very thin, thread-like, forming a sharp curvature and passes to penis, gradually enlarging; penial retractor attached to curvature of vas deferens and continues as a fine membrane down to middle part of penis; penial sheath thin, surrounds upper two third part of penis. Vagina shorter than penis, thick; spermatheca without visible division to stalk and reservoir, not attending albumen gland and provided with apical ligament (based on
<bibRefCitation author="Schileyko, AA" journalOrPublisher="Ruthenica, Supplement" pageId="12" pageNumber="149" pagination="2049 - 2209" refId="B20" refString="Schileyko, AA, 2007. Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs, Part 15 Oopeltidae, Anadenidae, Arionidae, Philomycidae, Succineidae, Athoracophoridae. . Ruthenica, Supplement 2: 2049 - 2209" title="Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs, Part 15 Oopeltidae, Anadenidae, Arionidae, Philomycidae, Succineidae, Athoracophoridae." volume="2" year="2007">Schileyko 2007</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="8D1F9BB9428983E07EDE59906B8DE44B" author="Schileyko, AA" journalOrPublisher="Ruthenica, Supplement" pageId="12" pageNumber="149" pagination="2049 - 2209" refId="B20" refString="Schileyko, AA, 2007. Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs, Part 15 Oopeltidae, Anadenidae, Arionidae, Philomycidae, Succineidae, Athoracophoridae. . Ruthenica, Supplement 2: 2049 - 2209" title="Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs, Part 15 Oopeltidae, Anadenidae, Arionidae, Philomycidae, Succineidae, Athoracophoridae." volume="2" year="2007">Schileyko 2007</bibRefCitation>
: 2113-2114, fig. 2032b, c).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.865.36296.figures15-17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/319425" pageId="9" pageNumber="146" start="Figures 1517" startId="F7">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="146">
<caption id="92FF290BFF322A26A7861408C65B2387" doi="10.3897/zookeys.865.36296.figures15-17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/319425" pageId="9" pageNumber="146" start="Figures 1517" startId="F7">
<paragraph id="D3C02E25C16A5DE38D9CE3E2FACFFCF9" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">
Figures 15-17.
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Chloritis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chloritis bifoveata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="146" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bifoveata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">Chloritis (?) bifoveata</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7B4499B1B49D0BF8828F25419253A70B" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Chloritis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chloritis bifoveata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="146" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bifoveata">
<emphasis id="D92C2403C16C1D00D69C2CEA522D41F5" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">Chloritis (?) bifoveata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">15</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C012E2F7CAE4959525B8C38947FDEC69" bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">15</emphasis>
shell of dissected specimens of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Chloritis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chloritis bifoveata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="146" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bifoveata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">Chloritis bifoveata</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D34A384476ED57B79928DCC77B4DBF89" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Chloritis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chloritis bifoveata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="146" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bifoveata">
<emphasis id="262E99828DA9CF816D1AC1A8D2C4E542" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">Chloritis bifoveata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Thailand: Krabi: Phanom Benja National Park, ZMH 51997)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">16</emphasis>
<emphasis id="FC6ADD92777E11FAC88EABD55E2706A0" bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">16</emphasis>
Situs of its genital organs
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">17</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B7E3EE03230D54CB1DBE37BA207E1363" bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">17</emphasis>
Penial verge of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Chloritis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chloritis bifoveata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="146" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bifoveata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">Chloritis bifoveata</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="299E654EBA2E152206F656EDD9B747CD" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Chloritis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chloritis bifoveata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="146" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bifoveata">
<emphasis id="A45709A1D0A8635A8095D0AA38A85244" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="146">Chloritis bifoveata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A: verge visible from penis lumen; B: starting to penial verge from epiphallus; C: epiphallus opened until penial verge. Scale bar 1 mm.
</paragraph>

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@ -1,137 +1,137 @@
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159361513" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0A45A15EB28A0D703C5FD9A46E230B05" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A45A15EB28A0D703C5FD9A46E230B05" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="14" pageNumber="25">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName authority="Stephensen, 1931" authorityName="Stephensen" authorityYear="1931" class="Malacostraca" family="Stenothoidae" genus="Proboloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Proboloides aequicornis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aequicornis">Proboloides aequicornis (Stephensen, 1931)</taxonomicName>
<treatment id="0A45A15EB28A0D703C5FD9A46E230B05" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159361513" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0A45A15EB28A0D703C5FD9A46E230B05" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A45A15EB28A0D703C5FD9A46E230B05" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="14" pageNumber="25" scope_order="Amphipoda">
<subSubSection id="D3DC5619B76A04686CF913BC340FF247" pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="152DDD635A943523039B1AC1CC260C7F" pageId="14" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="EF6A3FB0F84A39A52B62FBB00EF1EDF7" ID-CoL="4MLZ4" authority="Stephensen, 1931" authorityName="Stephensen" authorityYear="1931" class="Malacostraca" family="Stenothoidae" genus="Proboloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Proboloides aequicornis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aequicornis">Proboloides aequicornis (Stephensen, 1931)</taxonomicName>
Figs 810
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Stenothoidae" genus="Stenothoe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stenothoe aequicornis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aequicornis">Stenothoe aequicornis</taxonomicName>
<subSubSection id="DB5E22B33BCB3B0286EC4AF0C3C99238" pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="AE2E26C2DE271F33E6B9083D09689925" pageId="14" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="12C21951BD180AC83C6C321F791F4C76" class="Malacostraca" family="Stenothoidae" genus="Stenothoe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stenothoe aequicornis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aequicornis">Stenothoe aequicornis</taxonomicName>
Stephensen, 1931: 198, fig. 59
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="25">
<subSubSection id="D0F6D520BF445F8C8832CC745FEB243C" pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="material examined">
<paragraph id="A7F7192EDA4D2C2BDE6E82838FC79D69" pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A16C182730F932ACDC3D684A1ACA66D7" pageId="14" pageNumber="25">
Type material of
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Stenothoidae" genus="Stenothoe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stenothoe aequicornis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aequicornis">Stenothoe aequicornis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="B88DFEE75093C33C7A6101726002191E" class="Malacostraca" family="Stenothoidae" genus="Stenothoe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stenothoe aequicornis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aequicornis">Stenothoe aequicornis</taxonomicName>
ZMUC.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="redescription">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Redescription.</paragraph>
<subSection pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="body">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Body</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="25">smooth. Eyes rounded, small.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="BA315F0CC27B2856C3B01AC83EFFD641" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="redescription">
<paragraph id="82CDAAA666EEA13533EA435887176E33" pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Redescription.</paragraph>
<subSection id="FF6D2DF04E0027A2C40EF20CF753E528" pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="body">
<paragraph id="969C342103CA7E10E915A4F0641F78BD" pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Body</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DE3F445784CC43140A3186FDD7A280F8" pageId="14" pageNumber="25">smooth. Eyes rounded, small.</paragraph>
</subSection>
<subSection pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="length">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Length.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Male 5 mm.</paragraph>
<subSection id="C36AA38C4F8407263375697EC1D0CA17" pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="length">
<paragraph id="892488A84839A1BD09F41E0A8D2B4434" pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Length.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="431EAF9D63F542C246567E0C2D4225C2" pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Male 5 mm.</paragraph>
</subSection>
<subSection pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="head">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Head.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Lateral cephalic lobes bluntly angular.</paragraph>
<subSection id="B16238A34FBEFD4F3ADEACE47BD7DDD2" pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="head">
<paragraph id="A1F6007D88F8C8C429E5619C79C0733D" pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Head.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3D71DEDA9BFF353871CB4532C8812D92" pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Lateral cephalic lobes bluntly angular.</paragraph>
</subSection>
<subSection pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="antennae">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Antennae.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="25">A1 subequal A2 or A1 scarcely&gt; A2. A1 peduncle robust, art 1 length about 2-3 x the width; art 3 only 1/3 of art 1 length; acc. flag. with 2 arts, flagellum about 1,5 x length of peduncle, 12-14 arts. A2 subequal in length to A1, peduncle subequal to flagellum, peduncle robust, art 4 ≥ art 5, flagellum with 9-11 arts.</paragraph>
<subSection id="E37F77C77DF95032D358B26DF18DA4E2" pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="antennae">
<paragraph id="7C668D3036D476C0579564535047955B" pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Antennae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6472FD81507D11D99A17E02BB3AF13BA" pageId="14" pageNumber="25">A1 subequal A2 or A1 scarcely&gt; A2. A1 peduncle robust, art 1 length about 2-3 x the width; art 3 only 1/3 of art 1 length; acc. flag. with 2 arts, flagellum about 1,5 x length of peduncle, 12-14 arts. A2 subequal in length to A1, peduncle subequal to flagellum, peduncle robust, art 4 ≥ art 5, flagellum with 9-11 arts.</paragraph>
</subSection>
<subSection pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="mouthparts">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Mouthparts.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Md palp with 3 arts, art 1 and art 3 subequal, art 3 longer than 1/3 art 2, with 1 long distal seta. Mx 1 palp with 2 arts (but articulation not easy to see, cf. fig. 8, 9). Mxp IP separated, OP longer very short; dactylus as long as propodus.</paragraph>
<subSection id="565DDC4EC0507A1D7CC0A8140CCBFF92" pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="mouthparts">
<paragraph id="F9A752173FAC7FE189ED8331BEBAD05E" pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Mouthparts.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F9E3301E48D054938A24686965841A76" pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Md palp with 3 arts, art 1 and art 3 subequal, art 3 longer than 1/3 art 2, with 1 long distal seta. Mx 1 palp with 2 arts (but articulation not easy to see, cf. fig. 8, 9). Mxp IP separated, OP longer very short; dactylus as long as propodus.</paragraph>
</subSection>
<subSection pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="coxae">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Coxae.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Cx2 with rounded anterior margin, straight or even somewhat concave behind, front angle rounded without tooth; Cx3 with trapezoid-shaped margins, Cx4 not excavated, anterior and posterior margin rounded, wider than long.</paragraph>
<subSection id="CBFA65522CDAD26E122AD8BB289968CB" pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="coxae">
<paragraph id="865EC148F8045F890E95B628EE05487B" pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Coxae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7137B2541913E93291CFE429035AA33F" pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Cx2 with rounded anterior margin, straight or even somewhat concave behind, front angle rounded without tooth; Cx3 with trapezoid-shaped margins, Cx4 not excavated, anterior and posterior margin rounded, wider than long.</paragraph>
</subSection>
<subSection pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="gnathopods">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Gnathopods.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="25">
<subSection id="337CEBA800F6B4A5698E3EC51148C5A1" pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="gnathopods">
<paragraph id="C20520922FA2020E40BEB5316EF3AE13" pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Gnathopods.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="759541CA6317BEE852DE950929F581D0" pageId="14" pageNumber="25">
Gn1, 2 propodi different in size and shape. Gn1 dactylus ordinary; propodus elongate, about 3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="E9605C6B67ACA99EF87BE844080BE937" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide, palm well defined, much shorter than hind margin; carpus longer than propodus, triangular, nearly 3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="72950BBCCFB5192A46CCC2B0747FDE0D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than wide, with parallel margins; merus with very long distal free margin. Gn2 length of propodus&gt; Cx2; propodus about 3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="F1BD28DC7EED01B0DD7D685F9DE3847D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
the size of propodus Gn1; hind margin much shorter than length of palm which has shallow incisions and crenulations, palmar corner scarcely defined by group of robust setae, no U-shaped incision. Dactylus subequal to palm. Gn2 carpus very short, cup-shaped, merus acutely lobate.
</paragraph>
</subSection>
<subSection pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="peraeopods">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Peraeopods.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="25">P5 dactylus&gt; half length of slim propodus; merus posterodistal margin not reaching end of carpus length, basis rectolinear, width proximally and distally subequal, posterodistally rounded, but not lobed. P6 basis hind margin straight, merus posterodistal corner acutely lengthened and widened, reaching to end of carpus length; P7 similar to P6, but basis hind margin regularly rounded.</paragraph>
<subSection id="ECCEE9D0DDA1C4A8F5D9531D58144496" pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="peraeopods">
<paragraph id="9F1FE565F84860C47F4B5ECE87B13033" pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Peraeopods.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="45A80515767923064A38CD0563E948E4" pageId="14" pageNumber="25">P5 dactylus&gt; half length of slim propodus; merus posterodistal margin not reaching end of carpus length, basis rectolinear, width proximally and distally subequal, posterodistally rounded, but not lobed. P6 basis hind margin straight, merus posterodistal corner acutely lengthened and widened, reaching to end of carpus length; P7 similar to P6, but basis hind margin regularly rounded.</paragraph>
</subSection>
<subSection pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="epimeral plates">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Epimeral plates.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Ep3 posterodistal corner acute, but rounded at the apex.</paragraph>
<subSection id="7F0EA4D34FE22F3AE243E7B9E1660B8D" pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="epimeral plates">
<paragraph id="534396ACE5798F29994AEF0988E952C1" pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Epimeral plates.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7C455D8CD6C541EF0C8298F1B488CF9B" pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Ep3 posterodistal corner acute, but rounded at the apex.</paragraph>
</subSection>
<subSection pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="uropods">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Uropods.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="25">U3 peduncle shorter than ramus, art 1 of ramus subequal to art 2; peduncle with 3 robust setae distomarginally, ramus art 1 with 1 robust seta.</paragraph>
<subSection id="98D0E519EC5205A35E021C89D49EB374" pageId="14" pageNumber="25" type="uropods">
<paragraph id="ADFF239FCC5C184E27BFD5DE116A6766" pageId="14" pageNumber="25">Uropods.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9CEB53166EAD6D396D03CF60DE6F6EA2" pageId="14" pageNumber="25">U3 peduncle shorter than ramus, art 1 of ramus subequal to art 2; peduncle with 3 robust setae distomarginally, ramus art 1 with 1 robust seta.</paragraph>
</subSection>
<subSection pageId="15" pageNumber="26" type="telson">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="26">
<pageBreakToken pageId="15" pageNumber="26" start="start">Telson</pageBreakToken>
<subSection id="7135AE3084AE13970F52BDDF547BD0A3" pageId="15" pageNumber="26" type="telson">
<paragraph id="AD87DE8A4AAECB758BC73C20676BA826" pageId="15" pageNumber="26">
<pageBreakToken id="FB0C88E9775F060505E153054C9CB408" pageId="15" pageNumber="26" start="start">Telson</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="26">Not reaching end of peduncle U3; less than twice as long as wide; distally pointed, marginally 3 robust setae.</paragraph>
<caption pageId="15" pageNumber="26">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="26">
<paragraph id="E0D5A4883E80CE42E4C99B49A71406EA" pageId="15" pageNumber="26">Not reaching end of peduncle U3; less than twice as long as wide; distally pointed, marginally 3 robust setae.</paragraph>
<caption id="683D8A809BC256DE880985CE4E6032AC" pageId="15" pageNumber="26">
<paragraph id="D332EA435ADE2A8AD8B49784C5248CC4" pageId="15" pageNumber="26">
Figure 9.
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Stenothoidae" genus="Proboloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Proboloides aequicornis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aequicornis">Proboloides aequicornis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="C981102791E03B92BC09A5DEB45D685B" class="Malacostraca" family="Stenothoidae" genus="Proboloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Proboloides aequicornis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aequicornis">Proboloides aequicornis</taxonomicName>
(Stephensen, 1931): as above, photographs of the material taken with Olympus BX51 with cell imaging software.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="15" pageNumber="26">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="26">
<caption id="A20C2B0C82A14FCBAC8660DF005D634E" pageId="15" pageNumber="26">
<paragraph id="ACF97E0C188085D5FE6BB7B94C7322F4" pageId="15" pageNumber="26">
Figure 10.
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Stenothoidae" genus="Proboloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Proboloides aequicornis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aequicornis">Proboloides aequicornis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="A3D1AB4A7744F0B494BDE50402501DC1" class="Malacostraca" family="Stenothoidae" genus="Proboloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Proboloides aequicornis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aequicornis">Proboloides aequicornis</taxonomicName>
(Stephensen, 1931): as above, photographs of the material taken with Olympus BX51 with cell imaging software.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSection>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="26" type="sexual differences">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="26">Sexual differences.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="26">Females unknown.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="A49884CE503686B80BAE2F7F32164EBF" pageId="15" pageNumber="26" type="sexual differences">
<paragraph id="5CD51076F272E0BE9D84AC74E027EFD0" pageId="15" pageNumber="26">Sexual differences.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="498FABFD4B6686C346EF90A3959A97CE" pageId="15" pageNumber="26">Females unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="26" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="26">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="26">Between Faroes and Iceland, 375 m depth.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="313F7E134C8EC6C7EFD7DCC44870597D" pageId="15" pageNumber="26" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="3CB5A18E6B56530D9D9672A5F078C04E" pageId="15" pageNumber="26">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="53F1B7A9304024A8F3B2DFD15DE5C7F9" pageId="15" pageNumber="26">Between Faroes and Iceland, 375 m depth.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -1,208 +1,208 @@
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="176348992" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0A80BD93D0BD5639B0C1EB219DF96898" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A80BD93D0BD5639B0C1EB219DF96898" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<taxonomicName LSID="0A80BD93-D0BD-5639-B0C1-EB219DF96898" authority="Seyrig, 1935" authorityName="Seyrig" authorityYear="1935" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Tetractenion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetractenion luteum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteum">Tetractenion luteum Seyrig, 1935</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tetractenion luteum Holotype (MNHN) A habitus, lateral view B habitus, dorsal view C head, anterior view D data labels. Photographs of holotype RECOLNAT (ANR- 11 - INBS- 0004) - Christophe Herve - 2014. http: // coldb. mnhn. fr / catalognumber / mnhn / ey / ey 9334 (used with permission of Agniele Touret-Alby - Curator of Hymenoptera MNHN)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1007.55543.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/492441" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="61A276C81B61B8DC75E88FF27FF7FCF1" ID-CoL="55LTZ" LSID="0A80BD93-D0BD-5639-B0C1-EB219DF96898" authority="Seyrig, 1935" authorityName="Seyrig" authorityYear="1935" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Tetractenion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetractenion luteum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteum">Tetractenion luteum Seyrig, 1935</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="D105DF6C7A06EF1C72FCDCD3CC24C982" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tetractenion luteum Holotype (MNHN) A habitus, lateral view B habitus, dorsal view C head, anterior view D data labels. Photographs of holotype RECOLNAT (ANR- 11 - INBS- 0004) - Christophe Herve - 2014. http: // coldb. mnhn. fr / catalognumber / mnhn / ey / ey 9334 (used with permission of Agniele Touret-Alby - Curator of Hymenoptera MNHN)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1007.55543.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/492441" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Holotype</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="0DE0194A1603D67BB3678C4DC6106FC1" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="type material">
<paragraph id="A041F44D8EB4B3B323603143D748ED39" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6659F798F0E575CCBB1150A22D7C3D41" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="5D151B9494DB9EAC4C34E6FED52B9BF3" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Holotype</emphasis>
♂: Nyeri, Kenya, June 1932 (MNHN).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Paratype</emphasis>
<emphasis id="7B145309422D0B42343D2AE16A5B8943" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Paratype</emphasis>
♀: Elizabethville, Democratic Republic of Congo, 4 January 1921, M. Bequaert, Det. PLG Benoit, 1952 (RMCA).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Additional material.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A68E5FB8FFDCF59186F4E6FC5E6DB3BE" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Additional material.</emphasis>
♀: South Africa, Eastern Cape, Pearston, Plains of Camdeboo Game Reserve,
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,
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, 969 m, 30.x.2009-22.ii.2010, S. van Noort, Malaise Trap, Camdeboo Escarpment Thicket, PCD09-ACA1-M02, SAM-HYM-P047483 (SAMC). ♂, ♀: South Africa, Eastern Cape, Asante Sana Game Reserve,
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="1C02125DD59D368A5FA824F3C7D9E21F" degrees="24" direction="east" minutes="57.309" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="24.95515">24°57.309'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1186 m, 6.x.2010-17.i.2011, S. van Noort, Malaise Trap, Southern Karoo Riviere Riverine Woodland, ASA09-WOO1-M18, SAM-HYM-P047487 (SAMC, NHMUK). ♂: South Africa, Eastern Cape, Asante Sana Game Reserve,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="south" minutes="16.762" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-32.279366">32°16.762'S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="9644BDCF83315FEB1CAF8D4CFD0AA454" degrees="32" direction="south" minutes="16.762" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-32.279366">32°16.762'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="24" direction="east" minutes="57.309" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="24.95515">24°57.309'E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="17FFC32476B9DFB80825927E5A86100E" degrees="24" direction="east" minutes="57.309" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="24.95515">24°57.309'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1186 m, 7 Apr-28 July 2010, S. van Noort, Malaise Trap, Southern Karoo Riviere Riverine Woodland, ASA09-WOO1-M10, SAM-HYM-P047484 (SAMC). ♂: South Africa, Eastern Cape, Asante Sana Game Reserve,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="south" minutes="15.841" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-32.264015">32°15.841'S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="CCE35009D1F5C96503FBF13C829ED0BD" degrees="32" direction="south" minutes="15.841" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-32.264015">32°15.841'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="24" direction="east" minutes="57.091" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="24.951517">24°57.091'E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="2ACE84112A6E83FD4FEBF84A2612F9C3" degrees="24" direction="east" minutes="57.091" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="24.951517">24°57.091'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1354 m, 6.x.2010-17.i.2011, S. van Noort, Malaise Trap, Camdeboo Escarpment Thicket, ASA09-BUS1-M17, SAM-HYM-P047485 (SAMC). Namibia, near Windhoek: a bush between kleine Kuppe and Aus Born Mountains, A. Gumovsky, 23-25.xii.2011, SAM-HYM-P047488 (SAMC). ♂:
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Exetastes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Exetastes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Exetastes</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2B043DDB3ACC4ED779AF013894E1714B" class="Hexapoda" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Exetastes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Exetastes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6CF7610564F56D6EB67965872A876939" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Exetastes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. indet. In B.M. G.J. Kerrich det. 1958. Pres by Com Inst Ent BM 1960-3. U.C. [Nigeria], Ibadan, 9.9.1953, Coll. G.H. Caswell, P49 (NHMUK).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Seyrig" authorityYear="1935" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Tetractenion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetractenion luteum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Tetractenion luteum</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="FDF79350D4EE44F28912884CEF277D35" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph id="24929837338A0CA3F7771C76185959CC" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB73EBC7F95C037ADA1B41CEA82AA2F4" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="5CB5D46663CA2C61493809C9A3826368" authorityName="Seyrig" authorityYear="1935" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Tetractenion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetractenion luteum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteum">
<emphasis id="E0F2EF7CB7F9117600B24786A263FDE1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Tetractenion luteum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is immediately distinguishable from the other species in the genus as this species is the only yellow-colored
<taxonomicName authorityName="Seyrig" authorityYear="1932" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Tetractenion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetractenion" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Tetractenion</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1DD46163084BB26B6D211FE06E45D382" authorityName="Seyrig" authorityYear="1932" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Tetractenion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetractenion" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DD8985885D3906DDA31D6CF180CC9EA3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Tetractenion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species to possess simple hind tarsal claws, and this character is consistent in both sexes. The head is rounded behind the eyes, distinguishing the species from
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. acaule" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="acaule">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. acaule</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A8FC0066A945872F68BF27465BBE422A" lsidName="T. acaule" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="acaule">
<emphasis id="E01225EAFE3BA7859F864450241FFBE5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. acaule</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pascali" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="pascali">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. pascali</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6ABE784C6C7A3CC501C5A3DEE1C797A8" lsidName="T. pascali" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="pascali">
<emphasis id="05477969046736D01878CE967C3FD550" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. pascali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The malar space nearly as long as the width of the base of the mandible separates
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. luteum" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="luteum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. luteum</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C991F4530B8842058A37EB962912042B" lsidName="T. luteum" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="luteum">
<emphasis id="B42B49B2F541940D6409B54CCC459AB8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. luteum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. acaule" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="acaule">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. acaule</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="828DE92529CDB917402E62195DE9BBF7" lsidName="T. acaule" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="acaule">
<emphasis id="FD9CD285FCD488232C5C5B748E06C5BE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. acaule</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pseudolutea" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="pseudolutea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. pseudolutea</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F13A54A22CBCC8A33B05B22DDA3690DD" lsidName="T. pseudolutea" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="pseudolutea">
<emphasis id="51462838D50E14D2A7EF62DFF2451E02" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. pseudolutea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. ibayaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="ibayaensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. ibayaensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="08A2F692183D7D88A38BA6F6260AF59B" lsidName="T. ibayaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="ibayaensis">
<emphasis id="EE79ED223FE4012E05910E369AEE533F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. ibayaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The pronotal collar is weakly wrinkled, separating the species from
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. acaule" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="acaule">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. acaule</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3D5B2645440E1198ED3372486117B631" lsidName="T. acaule" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="acaule">
<emphasis id="25F904033A6D2B13B95470049E58AC67" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. acaule</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. rosei" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="rosei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. rosei</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E0A4C5476A2717529049DFED953BE53C" lsidName="T. rosei" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="rosei">
<emphasis id="ECD4BF73690D1DA62A79E6C0538C4BB9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. rosei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Metasomal tergite II is longer than wide and distinguishes the species from
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. ibayaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="ibayaensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. ibayaensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6C6DCF028E1C0A9AC524F5EE71FA7E52" lsidName="T. ibayaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="ibayaensis">
<emphasis id="402D0E463C926CCA426965D6678287DE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. ibayaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; and a quadrate tergite III separates
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. luteum" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="luteum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. luteum</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4071056D3D7BC675C05481E0F1043D5A" lsidName="T. luteum" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="luteum">
<emphasis id="DA1524F95053559C5CA50BB4BB65DA02" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. luteum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pseudolutea" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="pseudolutea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. pseudolutea</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="50423AB2A9355FC3EFDA132B63B72AE5" lsidName="T. pseudolutea" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="pseudolutea">
<emphasis id="B758241D815B23EF17B684D08BD6E0EF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. pseudolutea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pascali" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="pascali">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. pascali</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4260B7DC17FAE4F7B954E25769A15D8D" lsidName="T. pascali" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="pascali">
<emphasis id="EE543BBE3E81DCC08720BBB5612CF923" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. pascali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. rosei" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="rosei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. rosei</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="80454080319E82D3393225534FFF7047" lsidName="T. rosei" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="rosei">
<emphasis id="56C4CBCF9192ADB74654560B48B7E9F2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. rosei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Furthermore,
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pascali" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="pascali">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. pascali</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B77E3364A3798E2182EA50C15A452DC7" lsidName="T. pascali" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="pascali">
<emphasis id="82990197616DA19DECA47EA3D7022796" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">T. pascali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the only other species that possess dense microtrichia on the wings.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Description</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<subSubSection id="87C772126D2A19D662317C7F73152A51" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="description">
<paragraph id="4BB8482C9DCBF26EE226C6407399F0CF" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Description</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EAF7DFE34FEC62D69A4C1D88BF572441" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
(updated from
<bibRefCitation author="Seyrig, A" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 100" refId="B32" refString="Seyrig, A, 1935. Mission scientifique de l'Omo. Tome III. Fascicule 18. Hymenoptera, II. Ichneumonidae: Cryptinae, Pimplinae, Tryphoninae et Ophioninae. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris 4: 1 - 100" title="Mission scientifique de l'Omo. Tome III. Fascicule 18. Hymenoptera, II. Ichneumonidae: Cryptinae, Pimplinae, Tryphoninae et Ophioninae." volume="4" year="1935">Seyrig 1935</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="4A2986DD4D5FE0A1D86EE92097EF6345" author="Seyrig, A" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 100" refId="B32" refString="Seyrig, A, 1935. Mission scientifique de l'Omo. Tome III. Fascicule 18. Hymenoptera, II. Ichneumonidae: Cryptinae, Pimplinae, Tryphoninae et Ophioninae. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris 4: 1 - 100" title="Mission scientifique de l'Omo. Tome III. Fascicule 18. Hymenoptera, II. Ichneumonidae: Cryptinae, Pimplinae, Tryphoninae et Ophioninae." volume="4" year="1935">Seyrig 1935</bibRefCitation>
). Size 7.6-10.4 mm.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Color</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1B1C316580388CDD95E296DF6AB65A84" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Color</emphasis>
: head yellow with black marking on occiput to middle of frons, no contact with eyes on vertex; meso- and metasoma, fore and mid legs uniformly yellow, hind leg mostly yellow with shades of infuscation on tibia and tarsus infuscate; wings with dense microtrichia, venation brown, pterostigma yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Head</emphasis>
<paragraph id="EAF25E7571F19AB83F41F6A10BE7FAF8" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="13B010D5F5915CA4A84A1E05C212DEEE" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Head</emphasis>
with temple short, rounded behind eyes; occiput deeply and angularly excavated, occipital carina strong, extending to lower gena at base of mandible; eyes very large, malar space a bit shorter than width of mandibular base; face and clypeus finely, evenly and rather sparsely punctate on a matt background; face with three lobes, tentorial pits deep; clypeus small, laterally convex with declivity, apically invaginated, with clypeus edge convex; mandibular teeth triangular, lower tooth longer than upper tooth; antenna about as long as body, slender and apically tapered.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Mesosoma</emphasis>
<paragraph id="EBF82F495AA3C15EB70AC796CEA0F80D" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="7C9BADCFA064C1A2EA97405F96CB0399" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Mesosoma</emphasis>
stout, matt to sub-polished; pronotum finely punctate on a sub-polished background, no more than a wrinkle present on pronotal collar; mesoscutum moderately punctate, mesoscutal lobes hardly present, notauli posteriorly meeting before reaching the scutellum; mesonotum and mesopleuron finely punctate; mesopleuron higher than wide, epicnemial carina ending at anterior edge of mesopleuron; shallow pits on mesopleuron and propodeum; propodeum weakly convex, matt to sub-polished, moderately punctate posteriorly confluently grading into transverse wrinkles, posterior transverse carina reduced, lateral longitudinal carinae present but faint, spiracle small and circular-elliptical.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Metasoma</emphasis>
<paragraph id="B1866055EF8C0086FFBFB2881E06310A" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="7EA06E31529F5F7135D7CE3228BF0B58" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Metasoma</emphasis>
with a sub-polished background, anterior half of tergite I and dorso-lateral region of tergite II hardly punctate, indistinctly punctate beyond base; tergite I twice as long as wide, glymma present, tapered anteriorly, weak to indistinctly dorso-ventrally depressed in the medial region, spiracle positioned in front of middle and protruding, especially dorsally; tergite II longer than wide, gastrocoeli indistinct; tergite III quadrate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Fore wing</emphasis>
<paragraph id="71DF489B824B37E0CC28695DE4DA87C3" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="97C91CAB139ECFD4E9097DD5AB4ECBA4" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Fore wing</emphasis>
with ramellus absent on Rs-M vein; areolet large and quadrate with a short stalk receiving 2m-cu at center. Hind wing with Cu1 shorter than cu-a such that Cu2 arises above the middle of these combined veins. Legs very long; hind femur reaching beyond metasomal apex, length of tibia III plus tarsus III as long as body, spurs of tibia III longer than half metatarsal length; fore and mid tarsal claws pectinate, hind tarsal claws simple.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, Namibia, Nigeria, and South Africa.</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1007.55543.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/492441" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Seyrig" authorityYear="1935" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Tetractenion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetractenion luteum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Tetractenion luteum</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="FEB9CF50BC0DE506F95891C8816C6C30" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="C81A4F8E9ECCF2BCD8A0FA8CA5429A75" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3F315B1FC5DE973C0995DCBEDEDD6776" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, Namibia, Nigeria, and South Africa.</paragraph>
<caption id="E9DB97468FD96C8A044ED1DBAE26732E" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1007.55543.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/492441" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="E89A38139C8AE5C5A0A1C0DD560CC791" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B2C031DAEB19B294C667D69C05A3F36B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="103E7EBEB3AF98A2144BE0697D9B3A89" authorityName="Seyrig" authorityYear="1935" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Tetractenion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetractenion luteum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteum">
<emphasis id="1C0A21C1E874CECB5E46FB4433115202" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Tetractenion luteum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Holotype (MNHN)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">A</emphasis>
<emphasis id="8765C3454FAE23802370AEDEFF958A85" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">A</emphasis>
habitus, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">B</emphasis>
<emphasis id="5A31AAC41C7BC19F0B6A7B41DACB0818" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">B</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="F42E8FFE41001E760017D89FDC0AF529" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C</emphasis>
head, anterior view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">D</emphasis>
<emphasis id="290AFCB9A2C6A4D1B7D5F67A7680A8D4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">D</emphasis>
data labels. Photographs of holotype RECOLNAT (ANR-11-INBS-0004) - Christophe
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hervé">Herve</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="485466ADE9459C219649569B8FC29B25" originalValue="Hervé">Herve</normalizedToken>
- 2014. http://coldb.mnhn.fr/catalognumber/mnhn/ey/ey9334 (used with permission of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Agnièle">Agniele</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="431C20CD883802363714506A95F90D42" originalValue="Agnièle">Agniele</normalizedToken>
Touret-Alby - Curator of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Seyrig" authorityYear="1932" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="10E66165851F18C731C775880C9FC112" authorityName="Seyrig" authorityYear="1932" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
MNHN).
</paragraph>
</caption>

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Poll, 1972: 166, fig. 2.
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(Poll) [new combination by
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw004" author="Rich, M" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" pagination="618 - 646" refId="B51" refString="Rich, M, Sullivan, J, Hopkins, C, 2017. Rediscovery and description of Paramormyrops sphekodes (Sauvage, 1879) and a new cryptic Paramormyrops (Mormyridae: Osteoglossiformes) from the Ogooue River of Gabon using morphometrics, DNA sequencing and electrophysiology. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 180 (3): 618 - 646, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw004" title="Rediscovery and description of Paramormyrops sphekodes (Sauvage, 1879) and a new cryptic Paramormyrops (Mormyridae: Osteoglossiformes) from the Ogooue River of Gabon using morphometrics, DNA sequencing and electrophysiology." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw004" volume="180" year="2017">Rich et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
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: 626].
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Craspedocephalus strigatus in life, showing: (A) entire dorsal view, (B) entire lateral view, (C) entire dorsolateral view; from Upper Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e66239.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/596199" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Figures 23</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Craspedocephalus strigatus syntype (NHMUK 1946.1.18.79), in preservation, showing: (A) head lateral right view, (B) head dorsal view, (C) head ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e66239.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/596200" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">, 24</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Craspedocephalus strigatus syntype (NHMUK 1946.1.18.79), in preservation, showing: (A) entire dorsolateral view, (B) entire ventrolateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e66239.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/596201" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">, 25</figureCitation>
<subSubSection id="FEEC9896127BEE869B52FF3EF1267361" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="description">
<paragraph id="6D2947741017A677FCB9AAAF68782881" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<figureCitation id="03353D74D9434B5B79505180A19535AF" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Craspedocephalus strigatus in life, showing: (A) entire dorsal view, (B) entire lateral view, (C) entire dorsolateral view; from Upper Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e66239.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/596199" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Figures 23</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="3350B54FAD6D36FFB80061A6B49A0BA2" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Craspedocephalus strigatus syntype (NHMUK 1946.1.18.79), in preservation, showing: (A) head lateral right view, (B) head dorsal view, (C) head ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e66239.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/596200" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">, 24</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="D25A4A5D549B37C7DB57583BBF880510" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Craspedocephalus strigatus syntype (NHMUK 1946.1.18.79), in preservation, showing: (A) entire dorsolateral view, (B) entire ventrolateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e66239.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/596201" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">, 25</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<taxonomicName authority="Wagler, 1830" authorityName="Dumeril &amp; Bibron" authorityYear="1854" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Atropos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Atropos darwini" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="darwini">Atropos darwini</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Duméril">Dumeril</normalizedToken>
<subSubSection id="47E98B18F9F501B266F0042FA9D3A330" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="0339021465E356085B0840F3FD8218DE" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<taxonomicName id="30AF07FF24205CD4F14A62FDF0352228" authorityName="Dumeril &amp; Bibron" authorityYear="1854" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Atropos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Atropos darwini" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="darwini">Atropos darwini</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="61218C64B65B3BCA3BD0EB13418D7088" originalValue="Duméril">Dumeril</normalizedToken>
, Bibron &amp;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Duméril">Dumeril</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="133C4F67AE7F9397C9541C77555834B0" originalValue="Duméril">Dumeril</normalizedToken>
, 1854
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Jerdon" authorityYear="1854" genus="Trigonocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trigonocephalus (Cophias) neelgherriensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="neelgherriensis" subGenus="Cophias">Trigonocephalus (Cophias) neelgherriensis</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="7B39992D02F18EBA68696BAB2C92F14D" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<taxonomicName id="761DE135729DC06AA557D8441424027C" authorityName="Jerdon" authorityYear="1854" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Trigonocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trigonocephalus (Cophias) neelgherriensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neelgherriensis" subGenus="Cophias">Trigonocephalus (Cophias) neelgherriensis</taxonomicName>
Jerdon, 1854
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1896" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Lachesis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lachesis strigatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="strigatus">Lachesis strigatus</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="619FF14A220E028A383F4705F0CB041D" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<taxonomicName id="0AD07B327017C66FCB4B293203BD9B0E" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1896" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Lachesis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lachesis strigatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="strigatus">Lachesis strigatus</taxonomicName>
- Boulenger, 1896
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Lachesis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lachesis strigata" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="strigata">Lachesis strigata</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="5835558D14ECD36D411D4AA9DDB0A946" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<taxonomicName id="0EE81FEA6FB879A89FB7519E18FC5E8B" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Lachesis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lachesis strigata" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="strigata">Lachesis strigata</taxonomicName>
- Wall, 1919
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Trimeresurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trimeresurus strigatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="strigatus">Trimeresurus strigatus</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="9EAC625155DBE189E579BC9C5BFA68D9" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<taxonomicName id="5C576A2FB834BFC0F14D30A08931972A" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Trimeresurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trimeresurus strigatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="strigatus">Trimeresurus strigatus</taxonomicName>
- Smith, 1943
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Protobothrops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protobothrops strigatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="strigatus">Protobothrops strigatus</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="5F6295E65B7D996531B195697DE3595B" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<taxonomicName id="350084C65CF2C1E97E872F9A6E904A18" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Protobothrops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protobothrops strigatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="strigatus">Protobothrops strigatus</taxonomicName>
-
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/1447637" author="Kraus, F" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" pagination="763 - 773" refId="B32" refString="Kraus, F, Mink, DG, Brown, WM, 1996. Crotaline Intergeneric Relationships Based on Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Data. Copeia 4: 763 - 773, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1447637" title="Crotaline Intergeneric Relationships Based on Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Data." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/1447637" volume="4" year="1996">Kraus et al., 1996</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="5D1534A04154366BEE6406E3933C3CDB" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/1447637" author="Kraus, F" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" pagination="763 - 773" refId="B32" refString="Kraus, F, Mink, DG, Brown, WM, 1996. Crotaline Intergeneric Relationships Based on Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Data. Copeia 4: 763 - 773, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1447637" title="Crotaline Intergeneric Relationships Based on Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Data." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/1447637" volume="4" year="1996">Kraus et al., 1996</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<taxonomicName authority="Kuhl &amp; van Hasselt, 1822" authorityName="Kuhl &amp; van Hasselt" authorityYear="1822" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Craspedocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Craspedocephalus strigatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="strigatus">Craspedocephalus strigatus</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="4DDA10E315B0E8167E046FA009C46938" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<taxonomicName id="3CE7C6BE1552BBBBB3DF11756F4CC66C" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Craspedocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Craspedocephalus strigatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="strigatus">Craspedocephalus strigatus</taxonomicName>
-
<bibRefCitation author="Wallach, V" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" refId="B64" refString="Wallach, V, Williams, KL, Boundy, J, 2014. Snakes of the World: a Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. Boca Raton (Florida): CRC Press (Taylor &amp; Francis Group), 1209 pp." title="Snakes of the World: a Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. Boca Raton (Florida): CRC Press (Taylor &amp; Francis Group), 1209 pp." year="2014">Wallach et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="1E03C9650DA5630A942E1EE128ADAC4E" author="Wallach, V" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" refId="B64" refString="Wallach, V, Williams, KL, Boundy, J, 2014. Snakes of the World: a Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. Boca Raton (Florida): CRC Press (Taylor &amp; Francis Group), 1209 pp." title="Snakes of the World: a Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. Boca Raton (Florida): CRC Press (Taylor &amp; Francis Group), 1209 pp." year="2014">Wallach et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Type Locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<subSubSection id="9BB0073A9AAE018377B73D9ECE3B39F0" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="9CA4CAAB08EBFEDEE8DCCEC15756D0DE" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Type Locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FFEFE9E75C0FB3FCF478C547F92B2D97" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
Originally in error, mentioned as &quot;Cape of Good Hope?&quot; and
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Madras”">&quot;Madras&quot;</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="600BE206AA3DA4BA9B94EC9DD307DA76" originalValue="“Madras”">&quot;Madras&quot;</normalizedToken>
subsequently emended to Madras Presidency (=Tamil Nadu) by
<bibRefCitation author="Boulenger, GA" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/117010page/5/mode/1up" refId="B8" refString="Boulenger, GA, 1896. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum. London: Taylor &amp; Francis, vol 3: xiv + 727 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/117010page/5/mode/1up" title="Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum. London: Taylor &amp; Francis, vol 3: xiv + 727 pp." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/117010page/5/mode/1up" year="1896">Boulenger (1896)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="7AC0EF194794276DE5E927037214EB3A" author="Boulenger, GA" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/117010page/5/mode/1up" refId="B8" refString="Boulenger, GA, 1896. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum. London: Taylor &amp; Francis, vol 3: xiv + 727 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/117010page/5/mode/1up" title="Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum. London: Taylor &amp; Francis, vol 3: xiv + 727 pp." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/117010page/5/mode/1up" year="1896">Boulenger (1896)</bibRefCitation>
(see
<bibRefCitation author="Wallach, V" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" refId="B64" refString="Wallach, V, Williams, KL, Boundy, J, 2014. Snakes of the World: a Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. Boca Raton (Florida): CRC Press (Taylor &amp; Francis Group), 1209 pp." title="Snakes of the World: a Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. Boca Raton (Florida): CRC Press (Taylor &amp; Francis Group), 1209 pp." year="2014">Wallach et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="22C0C439759BE8E961290AE1F17AC35A" author="Wallach, V" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" refId="B64" refString="Wallach, V, Williams, KL, Boundy, J, 2014. Snakes of the World: a Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. Boca Raton (Florida): CRC Press (Taylor &amp; Francis Group), 1209 pp." title="Snakes of the World: a Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. Boca Raton (Florida): CRC Press (Taylor &amp; Francis Group), 1209 pp." year="2014">Wallach et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<subSubSection id="BF12F912A2A82543D8F657FDB9C3D4F8" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="E37D213A65EE1B2DD3169D5DF382D243" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0090FE0016ECD9DAC837B487166C7924" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
Latinized from its stem word
<normalizedToken originalValue="strigate">'strigate'</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="9126BFA6FC83C3A9C084D374AC98FBCF" originalValue="strigate">'strigate'</normalizedToken>
alluding to the pattern streaked with colourful, alternate, transverse bars.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
<subSubSection id="62C2E697C282BA58F009433CA1C886B5" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="91E626F78AD95528F5849B139B4F6A26" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<typeStatus id="1940A5454F0491D1CE51D6C42E26C891">Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<typeStatus>Syntypes</typeStatus>
<paragraph id="A168DC3E1EABCD79627AE7BD70BC57B4" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<typeStatus id="63073502540A8B1FE314A1D49F8D9C80">Syntypes</typeStatus>
NHMUK 1946.1.18.79 and NHMUK 1946.1.18.78 from Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu by T.C. Jerdon in 1850.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="T. C. Jerdon, C. Gray" location="Silent Valley" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Syntypes">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<typeStatus>Syntypes</typeStatus>
<subSubSection id="C92F2B8A2DDC2BF58CE6172B658500AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0E2C8E9AE2602B2FF3AA68EAAB7921B7" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D8D257AF6DEA47ED438C1C54A2324CAB" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<materialsCitation id="4C6BE314D308BB3A43422E0F677E9138" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="T. C. Jerdon, C. Gray" location="Silent Valley" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Syntypes">
<emphasis id="17157C72ADDD2006B0BE478D7EA8CFF6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<typeStatus id="E416EAB7F24A4C77214E70660A6BDEBC">Syntypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
NHMUK 1946.1.18.79 and NHMUK 1946.1.18.78 from Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu by
<collectorName>T.C. Jerdon</collectorName>
<collectorName id="729A69E0F786A002B7BF714DEE00668E">T.C. Jerdon</collectorName>
in 1850; CESS142 from
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0A85181A7884529883FD44B2926E2D65:7A41794AA264D4AE59CBC706CE3CCD71" name="Silent Valley">Silent Valley</location>
<location id="7A41794AA264D4AE59CBC706CE3CCD71" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0A85181A7884529883FD44B2926E2D65:7A41794AA264D4AE59CBC706CE3CCD71" name="Silent Valley">Silent Valley</location>
, Kerala by Saunak Pal and Mrugank Prabhu in 2010; BNHS 2617 and BNHS 2618 from Coonor by
<collectorName>C.Gray</collectorName>
<collectorName id="E0F7564AFBD54677C153E442D76E93E4">C.Gray</collectorName>
in 1917; BNHS 2619 from Coonor by Maj. Frank Wall in 1911; BNHS 2621 from Ooty by Maj. Frank Wall in 1912
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="lineage diagnosis (also see whitaker &amp; captain, 2004)">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Lineage diagnosis (also see Whitaker &amp; Captain, 2004).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<subSubSection id="EEA52DDEC0712A7DEC3C7B4FC94C612F" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="lineage diagnosis (also see whitaker &amp; captain, 2004)">
<paragraph id="1385C176271B9C11BFC57A05B6713D3E" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Lineage diagnosis (also see Whitaker &amp; Captain, 2004).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8E35F643BB91DB72463BF2C359FAC474" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
A species of
<taxonomicName authority="Kuhl &amp; van Hasselt, 1822" authorityName="Kuhl &amp; van Hasselt" authorityYear="1822" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Craspedocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Craspedocephalus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Craspedocephalus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5B4DCC1B3CB2FC5B8B9CFC50A5800CD3" authorityName="Kuhl &amp; van Hasselt" authorityYear="1822" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Craspedocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Craspedocephalus" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1C04AE624E1240CBC9B7E3041C81354F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Craspedocephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L8) endemic to the Western Ghats, characterized by having the following combination of characters: 2nd supralabial (usually) not bordering the anterior margin of loreal pit (vs. always bordering in the
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. malabaricus" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="malabaricus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">C. malabaricus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="EF97A4A938AB7E61F7600C8ECA6B1D33" lsidName="C. malabaricus" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="malabaricus">
<emphasis id="C9A9FA359968B9AD841336F575C7F3C4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">C. malabaricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. gramineus" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="gramineus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">C. gramineus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="53DEFBF686B5E0D17F4824E85DEBCC37" lsidName="C. gramineus" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="gramineus">
<emphasis id="B38895412A87313AE9158AF1B78566EB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">C. gramineus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complexes); lacking a prehensile tail and green dorsum (vs. having prehensile tail and green dorsum in the
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. gramineus" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="gramineus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">C. gramineus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D562C80C86C5936B5CF636489B622AFE" lsidName="C. gramineus" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="gramineus">
<emphasis id="057CEA1FAC1EBEEE85EA3B16FC2464F4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">C. gramineus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. macrolepis" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="macrolepis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">C. macrolepis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BFEB49C507CF9F957954C87C14871C32" lsidName="C. macrolepis" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="macrolepis">
<emphasis id="98054C44E70FC8672C0E77FAECD58159" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">C. macrolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complexes); having an undivided supraocular (vs. divided or with indented margins in the
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. malabaricus" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="malabaricus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">C. malabaricus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="404DCE11190378A0DF1F6E0CCBE0B36E" lsidName="C. malabaricus" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="malabaricus">
<emphasis id="7D0388A6768807A266F7294FD540EEB6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">C. malabaricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Relatively stout species with a cylindrical body of snout to vent length (SVL) up to 391 mm and a tail of length (TL) up to 64 mm; dorsal scales keeled with anterior dorsal scale rows (DSR) 20 to 22, mid body scale rows (MSR) 19 to 21 and posterior scale rows (PSR) 15 to 17; head prominent, clearly distinguished from the neck with small juxtaposed scales on the dorsal surface of the head; rostral scale sub triangular with the upper side roughly half the size of the lower side with the tip visible from above; supraoculars separated by 9 to 11 scales on the posterior end; canthus rostralis distinct with three canthal scales; two to three preoculars, two to three postocular and a thin elongated crescent shaped subocular; eye with a distinct elliptical pupil; temporal scales smooth; aperture of the nostril completely covered by the nasal scale, undivided and subrectangular; nasal scale bordering the first supralabial; loreal pit present in contact with the second supralabial with two scales between the nasal and the second supralabial; nine to 10 supralabials and 10 to 12 infralabials, with six to eight scales between the last supralabial, including the last supralabial till the start of the ventral scales; 1st, 2nd and 3rd infralabial scale in contact with the first pair of genials; a gap of three scales including the posterior genials followed by 134 to 142 ventrals, laterally separated from the dorsal scale rows by a slightly broader row of dorsal scales; anal scale undivided, followed by 38 to 44 divided subcaudals scales; terminal scale on the tail larger than the previous scale, blunt at the tip.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="2741B77C639D27885243D9C21EC31279" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="description">
<paragraph id="333335FEBEA4D8966C4B8A5F1D3FCD37" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4B73F28E096EA5AB50F8B64DF95508EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Relatively stout species with a cylindrical body of snout to vent length (SVL) up to 391 mm and a tail of length (TL) up to 64 mm; dorsal scales keeled with anterior dorsal scale rows (DSR) 20 to 22, mid body scale rows (MSR) 19 to 21 and posterior scale rows (PSR) 15 to 17; head prominent, clearly distinguished from the neck with small juxtaposed scales on the dorsal surface of the head; rostral scale sub triangular with the upper side roughly half the size of the lower side with the tip visible from above; supraoculars separated by 9 to 11 scales on the posterior end; canthus rostralis distinct with three canthal scales; two to three preoculars, two to three postocular and a thin elongated crescent shaped subocular; eye with a distinct elliptical pupil; temporal scales smooth; aperture of the nostril completely covered by the nasal scale, undivided and subrectangular; nasal scale bordering the first supralabial; loreal pit present in contact with the second supralabial with two scales between the nasal and the second supralabial; nine to 10 supralabials and 10 to 12 infralabials, with six to eight scales between the last supralabial, including the last supralabial till the start of the ventral scales; 1st, 2nd and 3rd infralabial scale in contact with the first pair of genials; a gap of three scales including the posterior genials followed by 134 to 142 ventrals, laterally separated from the dorsal scale rows by a slightly broader row of dorsal scales; anal scale undivided, followed by 38 to 44 divided subcaudals scales; terminal scale on the tail larger than the previous scale, blunt at the tip.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="colour in life">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Colour in life.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<subSubSection id="7A9CF1CCE7CDBD11022E7A6B2C622E00" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="colour in life">
<paragraph id="1F02170095E41184CCDF3BDDF0A6D995" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Colour in life.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="20E6A7B31BE66E0E806CD0D76B3787EC" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
Bronze to light brown dorsum blotched with a stark, continuous alternating saddle-shaped pattern in dark brown to black, strikingly similar to the markings on
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1756" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Vipera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vipera berus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="berus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Vipera berus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1FBF07ABEA59FC05D67A3A65AA07D973" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1756" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Vipera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vipera berus" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="berus">
<emphasis id="46324089E242C16863201E83CFCA846F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Vipera berus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1864" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Gloydius" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gloydius himalayanus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="himalayanus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Gloydius himalayanus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="45F070BFDD4B45F938D4A97A079BF79C" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1864" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Gloydius" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gloydius himalayanus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="himalayanus">
<emphasis id="ED7A7F0399D5D051BA7C72A76FBAF58C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Gloydius himalayanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; preocular/temporal stripe in dark brown; post ocular stripe in dirty brown continuing towards the loreal pit and the infralabials; another stripe below the subocular stripe fades into the infralabials followed by another blotch towards the end of the infralabials; base colour of the infralabials and ventrals being light creamish to white in colour, often dotted with rufous spots in the supralabials the region where the dorsal scales meet the ventrals in altenating dark brown colour and light brown/bronze colour scales; dorsal bronze scales are dotted with darker brown; the nape is characterized with a prominent horse shoe shaped marking hence earning its common name; in juveniles, the bronze colour is replaced with light brown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="colour in preservative">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Colour in preservative.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Brown and cream markings dorsally and laterally, occasionally interrupted with silvery/grey scales, tail mostly brown and cream coloured with lighter more vivid cream coloured scales making triangular markings vertically along it (four in total); tip of tail fading to a light cream colour.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="315C76608D6DD0012F6C4D5B720D2C1B" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="colour in preservative">
<paragraph id="066B26718F132BECF34A204DB364BC2B" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Colour in preservative.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A6FFF01E69CE0CAB1E057E1E732843D7" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Brown and cream markings dorsally and laterally, occasionally interrupted with silvery/grey scales, tail mostly brown and cream coloured with lighter more vivid cream coloured scales making triangular markings vertically along it (four in total); tip of tail fading to a light cream colour.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">A highly terrestrial species found in montane evergreen, moist evergreen and high elevation grasslands.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="BF95C2F1EC41B3EE35B0FCC0470110CC" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="7DA2D190884B95F305110F1A59C4EFCA" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F1AE8DACD0EDF9A9545E0D5A88F327D9" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">A highly terrestrial species found in montane evergreen, moist evergreen and high elevation grasslands.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<subSubSection id="5B4C59831BB5722B242F608AC5EE3C86" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="986E6ADB436D881672BE0742B82664E7" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D8D55152E2C76992AEF8C3914AB4E94C" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
Endemic to the Nilgiri Massif north of the Palghat Gap, distributed in very high elevations (1700-2600 m asl) (also see Wall, 1919; Bhupathy &amp; Nixon, 2011). This species has the smallest geographic range of all
<taxonomicName authority="Kuhl &amp; van Hasselt, 1822" authorityName="Kuhl &amp; van Hasselt" authorityYear="1822" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Craspedocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Craspedocephalus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Craspedocephalus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8517C3804542DB54F2BEC8418C5DC468" authorityName="Kuhl &amp; van Hasselt" authorityYear="1822" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Craspedocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Craspedocephalus" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="45C310609F35C0173FF36493E52425D7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Craspedocephalus</emphasis>
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in Peninsular India (Ganesh &amp; Chandramouli, 2018).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/vz.71.e66239.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/596199" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" start="Figure 23" startId="F23">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Figure 23.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Kuhl &amp; van Hasselt, 1822" authorityName="Kuhl &amp; van Hasselt" authorityYear="1822" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Craspedocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Craspedocephalus strigatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="strigatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Craspedocephalus strigatus</emphasis>
<caption id="118DA0077EC8F091FD3388053F144A44" doi="10.3897/vz.71.e66239.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/596199" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" start="Figure 23" startId="F23">
<paragraph id="504DC87236650F4DB3C7600AA53D0C8B" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<emphasis id="D4AE3A51D9ACBD8F86F5B58C9E122028" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Figure 23.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3135610D26F4C4AA2CE6DAC9070403DB" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Craspedocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Craspedocephalus strigatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="strigatus">
<emphasis id="9F4CB837A0A229DC08B78D6D2693451E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Craspedocephalus strigatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in life, showing: (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">A</emphasis>
<emphasis id="62A779CC7DE65104745C014F314F9851" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">A</emphasis>
) entire dorsal view, (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">B</emphasis>
<emphasis id="8E9BAAD3C0A6AD5563259B6E30B01C2E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">B</emphasis>
) entire lateral view, (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="AEACBFBDD2C9D227F854A50F84D9812E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">C</emphasis>
) entire dorsolateral view; from Upper Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/vz.71.e66239.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/596200" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" start="Figure 24" startId="F24">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Figure 24.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Kuhl &amp; van Hasselt, 1822" authorityName="Kuhl &amp; van Hasselt" authorityYear="1822" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Craspedocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Craspedocephalus strigatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="strigatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Craspedocephalus strigatus</emphasis>
<caption id="8E37015CF61B6AAF823B8C3584017D5B" doi="10.3897/vz.71.e66239.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/596200" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" start="Figure 24" startId="F24">
<paragraph id="F93734BD621C37E1BBD30D24A3858884" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<emphasis id="9475F249EB2A3133086DC45950A43240" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Figure 24.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E41877732D86E1884BF362CAE5F49828" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Craspedocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Craspedocephalus strigatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="strigatus">
<emphasis id="E58E2CF5298DAC07483754F389028887" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Craspedocephalus strigatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
syntype (NHMUK 1946.1.18.79), in preservation, showing: (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">A</emphasis>
<emphasis id="20D1C57383F86F1F54A05DE8908783EC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">A</emphasis>
) head lateral right view, (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">B</emphasis>
<emphasis id="00B9A5B6C2C9E585CE017979107D7E20" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">B</emphasis>
) head dorsal view, (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="9C13DAA4936A452FD13052A77D75296D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">C</emphasis>
) head ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/vz.71.e66239.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/596201" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" start="Figure 25" startId="F25">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Figure 25.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Kuhl &amp; van Hasselt, 1822" authorityName="Kuhl &amp; van Hasselt" authorityYear="1822" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Craspedocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Craspedocephalus strigatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="strigatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Craspedocephalus strigatus</emphasis>
<caption id="FBDDA0F1C8A05BC53CDF74F9BB7C7FC6" doi="10.3897/vz.71.e66239.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/596201" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" start="Figure 25" startId="F25">
<paragraph id="532B670E2070CAAB1A18258AD4E22FCF" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<emphasis id="54F593F016AE1A6C1C2E6A8C9891EDF4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Figure 25.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="01E0ECE275EB81D394ADBABEE11C048D" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Craspedocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Craspedocephalus strigatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="strigatus">
<emphasis id="977FD7F39284B505F5E545F1D8197865" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Craspedocephalus strigatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
syntype (NHMUK 1946.1.18.79), in preservation, showing: (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">A</emphasis>
<emphasis id="2FF70370B74698089BE75CFEF06F91F9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">A</emphasis>
) entire dorsolateral view, (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">B</emphasis>
<emphasis id="85CFCEF36ADE6A6D5903F3D78BF092F5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">B</emphasis>
) entire ventrolateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>

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@ -1,219 +1,219 @@
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<mods:number id="8C41AA5FED32E28CD15477DB51B0F535">2021-03-18</mods:number>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1025.59920</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1025-21</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="26253D1F59C838BD833027C0335710E3" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1025.59920</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="180596110" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0A9532165E40595F8A030C352027CECF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A9532165E40595F8A030C352027CECF" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName LSID="0A953216-5E40-595F-8A03-0C352027CECF" authority="Leclercq, 1963, first record from China" authorityName="Leclercq" authorityYear="1963" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Dasyproctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dasyproctus vaporus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vaporus">Dasyproctus vaporus Leclercq, 1963, first record from China</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Dasyproctus vaporus Leclercq, ♂ a habitus, dorsal view b head, frontal view c head, dorsal view d mesosoma, dorsal view e collar, lateral view f metasoma, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.46 mm (a); 0.67 mm (f); 1 mm (b, c); 1.07 mm (d); 1.64 mm (e)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1025.59920.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/521355" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Figure 4a-f</figureCitation>
<treatment id="0A9532165E40595F8A030C352027CECF" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180596110" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0A9532165E40595F8A030C352027CECF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A9532165E40595F8A030C352027CECF" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" scope_family="Crabronidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera" scope_superFamily="Apoidea">
<subSubSection id="E81D42F02B3ACB743001F263E3734A2D" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="3EC2486EB293F945E900543DA29CD5E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="DCC7B7C0E167598A53285EDE9508D8EA" ID-CoL="6CDSC" LSID="0A953216-5E40-595F-8A03-0C352027CECF" authority="Leclercq, 1963, first record from China" authorityName="Leclercq" authorityYear="1963" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Dasyproctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dasyproctus vaporus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vaporus">Dasyproctus vaporus Leclercq, 1963, first record from China</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="135EB633AC777CA7D64FF240FE9CFF50" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Dasyproctus vaporus Leclercq, ♂ a habitus, dorsal view b head, frontal view c head, dorsal view d mesosoma, dorsal view e collar, lateral view f metasoma, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.46 mm (a); 0.67 mm (f); 1 mm (b, c); 1.07 mm (d); 1.64 mm (e)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1025.59920.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/521355" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Figure 4a-f</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leclercq" authorityYear="1963" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Dasyproctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dasyproctus vaporus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vaporus">Dasyproctus vaporus</taxonomicName>
<subSubSection id="FD402BB9286DAD007072A377691D5A2D" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="7534191D686E7CBA73C01AD103755CE7" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="D8083E010E3AF828386FCD7150777FCF" authorityName="Leclercq" authorityYear="1963" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Dasyproctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dasyproctus vaporus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vaporus">Dasyproctus vaporus</taxonomicName>
Leclercq, 1963: 22.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tsuneki" authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Dasyproctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dasyproctus sculpturatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sculpturatus">Dasyproctus sculpturatus</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="336CDB51D6F72FA1D188041E353B646F" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="702D1A96DCC309CEB33B93D35EE55E62" authorityName="Tsuneki" authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Dasyproctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dasyproctus sculpturatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sculpturatus">Dasyproctus sculpturatus</taxonomicName>
Tsuneki, 1976: 113, synonymized with
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leclercq" authorityYear="1963" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Dasyproctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dasyproctus vaporus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vaporus">Dasyproctus vaporus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="2E2DF0B4CBBE83FA11589423A4F270A6" authorityName="Leclercq" authorityYear="1963" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Dasyproctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dasyproctus vaporus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vaporus">Dasyproctus vaporus</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation author="Tsuneki, K" journalOrPublisher="Special Publications of the Japan Hymenopterists Association" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 50" refId="B33" refString="Tsuneki, K, 1984. Studies of the Philippine Crabroninae, revision and addition, with an annotated key to the species (Hymenoptera Sphecidae). Special Publications of the Japan Hymenopterists Association 29: 1 - 50" title="Studies of the Philippine Crabroninae, revision and addition, with an annotated key to the species (Hymenoptera Sphecidae)." volume="29" year="1984">Tsuneki (1984</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="912AE5AC86485E22F5E60A5C7DB78A2E" author="Tsuneki, K" journalOrPublisher="Special Publications of the Japan Hymenopterists Association" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 50" refId="B33" refString="Tsuneki, K, 1984. Studies of the Philippine Crabroninae, revision and addition, with an annotated key to the species (Hymenoptera Sphecidae). Special Publications of the Japan Hymenopterists Association 29: 1 - 50" title="Studies of the Philippine Crabroninae, revision and addition, with an annotated key to the species (Hymenoptera Sphecidae)." volume="29" year="1984">Tsuneki (1984</bibRefCitation>
: 16).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063612336" collectingDate="2005-08-10" collectorName="Tingjing Li" country="China" location="Luxi" municipality="Dehong" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<subSubSection id="0686CD47927F7156703F2D57CF3B56B3" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="1BDA52E5A9F2C08AF9B32788BC58E556" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A7F843C09457C2661B4ADF344481B33" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
<materialsCitation id="BF8AB0857D5D15EB3E9A982C10664866" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063612336" collectingDate="2005-08-10" collectorName="Tingjing Li" country="China" location="Luxi" municipality="Dehong" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
<specimenCount id="06CAFF9A282B431E547435EFFD768E68" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="CEF70920A5CE34840477A6F549058B97" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="4D141A993D5FAD28852D3AA08F706445" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality>Dehong</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="7EE4FDEFA3D85D935EE4669DC425EFA4">Dehong</collectingMunicipality>
:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0A9532165E40595F8A030C352027CECF:F5E06E2D114FB63A600047B229F499FF" country="China" municipality="Dehong" name="Luxi" stateProvince="Yunnan">Luxi</location>
<location id="F5E06E2D114FB63A600047B229F499FF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0A9532165E40595F8A030C352027CECF:F5E06E2D114FB63A600047B229F499FF" country="China" municipality="Dehong" name="Luxi" stateProvince="Yunnan">Luxi</location>
,
<date value="2005-08-10">
<collectingDate value="2005-08-10">2005.VIII.10</collectingDate>
<date id="A4222E031CDA1140B9C6318CF44EADC7" value="2005-08-10">
<collectingDate id="9A7E6B6993AB98B4C899CA5D75464D01" value="2005-08-10">2005.VIII.10</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectorName>Tingjing Li</collectorName>
<collectorName id="40AB611173C2765EF8BF780EA02A3ADF">Tingjing Li</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063612314" collectingDate="2005-08-15" collectorName="Li Ma" country="China" county="Dehong" location="Yunyan Mountain" municipality="Yingjiang" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-male="7" stateProvince="Yunnan">
<specimenCount type="male">5♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="5A3D36C4D81C9EC5BB7C9E652969F067" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063612314" collectingDate="2005-08-15" collectorName="Li Ma" country="China" county="Dehong" location="Yunyan Mountain" municipality="Yingjiang" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-male="7" stateProvince="Yunnan">
<specimenCount id="9040CB811F043C65ACAB8C1FA891EEF1" type="male">5♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="BD309CE535CB0265F0B362CC6A522014" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="B4A89FEE420E886E2CF2C70C9B36FC02" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty>Dehong</collectingCounty>
<collectingCounty id="C5344FD24E0144EFB081C990C5AEDF34">Dehong</collectingCounty>
:
<collectingMunicipality>Yingjiang</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="C8608B570FC9D70A0D4769B7B11B08F0">Yingjiang</collectingMunicipality>
:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0A9532165E40595F8A030C352027CECF:616E46A2BDF31E3559C87F2D5D918146" country="China" county="Dehong" municipality="Yingjiang" name="Yunyan Mountain" stateProvince="Yunnan">Yunyan Mountain</location>
<location id="616E46A2BDF31E3559C87F2D5D918146" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0A9532165E40595F8A030C352027CECF:616E46A2BDF31E3559C87F2D5D918146" country="China" county="Dehong" municipality="Yingjiang" name="Yunyan Mountain" stateProvince="Yunnan">Yunyan Mountain</location>
,
<date value="2005-08-15">
<collectingDate value="2005-08-15">2005.VIII.15</collectingDate>
<date id="BA5E5BCF731D06E47FCBECF7F28AED56" value="2005-08-15">
<collectingDate id="68712FC2AF09446D89EF7AC91A19D3AE" value="2005-08-15">2005.VIII.15</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectorName>Li Ma</collectorName>
<collectorName id="219CEADFF2CD878917A447341215542F">Li Ma</collectorName>
(
<specimenCount type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="1FC6147CB018F14BDB75B17E94B03FAC" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
)
</materialsCitation>
, Haiyan Zhang (
<specimenCount type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="CC3C89821CAA04A795ED9C67A1467C80" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
), Tingjing Li (
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="6D4C4BC5B1E608D3C5A8361E464FD7DF" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
);
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063612328" collectingDate="2005-08-15" collectorName="Kai Wu" country="China" location="Yingjiang" municipality="Dehong" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="6288465836025DC6E40241CE15AE4FEB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063612328" collectingDate="2005-08-15" collectorName="Kai Wu" country="China" location="Yingjiang" municipality="Dehong" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
<specimenCount id="E9E06406900D0BCB8B545F95DBEEBA96" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="0B8C0DFC23B1BC0F9B585A04517EF018" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="B1141427717C5FF102EB3C37AF8151D1" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality>Dehong</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="9157A8D92D4CAE142A0EC2F969E5A890">Dehong</collectingMunicipality>
:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0A9532165E40595F8A030C352027CECF:DE9C21DE19E7C5110C6E1EDF3B23B169" country="China" municipality="Dehong" name="Yingjiang" stateProvince="Yunnan">Yingjiang</location>
<location id="DE9C21DE19E7C5110C6E1EDF3B23B169" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0A9532165E40595F8A030C352027CECF:DE9C21DE19E7C5110C6E1EDF3B23B169" country="China" municipality="Dehong" name="Yingjiang" stateProvince="Yunnan">Yingjiang</location>
,
<date value="2005-08-15">
<collectingDate value="2005-08-15">2005.VIII.15</collectingDate>
<date id="FA088203C5D3FDFA94875A8074CEDE48" value="2005-08-15">
<collectingDate id="083E1D0F0BFB767C8649738C1E5BB2DD" value="2005-08-15">2005.VIII.15</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectorName>Kai Wu</collectorName>
<collectorName id="87F3370352F121B0F134AAA5AB4632B8">Kai Wu</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063612315" collectingDate="2005-08-15" collectorName="Xiaoli Li" country="China" county="Dehong" location="Taiping Township" municipality="Yingjiang" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="134D7600C826364608DA850B4CDB0CA4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063612315" collectingDate="2005-08-15" collectorName="Xiaoli Li" country="China" county="Dehong" location="Taiping Township" municipality="Yingjiang" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
<specimenCount id="57587B2F6F3A67F8EF139F346564FB41" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="1EB81C64EE11661BD0790F9E179FF735" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="3D47E9B0A4B253438AB5FCFB15ECCB00" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty>Dehong</collectingCounty>
<collectingCounty id="AD68FDA5E37CC9D5A08175D04925A76A">Dehong</collectingCounty>
:
<collectingMunicipality>Yingjiang</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="D4567FAC4F404E7518C90C2D9AA8E437">Yingjiang</collectingMunicipality>
:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0A9532165E40595F8A030C352027CECF:854269060DDFFB3B1928ACA68AD03B10" country="China" county="Dehong" municipality="Yingjiang" name="Taiping Township" stateProvince="Yunnan">Taiping Township</location>
<location id="854269060DDFFB3B1928ACA68AD03B10" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0A9532165E40595F8A030C352027CECF:854269060DDFFB3B1928ACA68AD03B10" country="China" county="Dehong" municipality="Yingjiang" name="Taiping Township" stateProvince="Yunnan">Taiping Township</location>
,
<date value="2005-08-15">
<collectingDate value="2005-08-15">2005.VIII.15</collectingDate>
<date id="4717917B511CAE2A773F5C5E9833CFC0" value="2005-08-15">
<collectingDate id="7BA0751769B775B6594F91BF3B94643E" value="2005-08-15">2005.VIII.15</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectorName>Xiaoli Li</collectorName>
<collectorName id="D8E75A6E15F7B01E2E5EE5E53F140EE7">Xiaoli Li</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
(all
<collectionCode>YNAU</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="5AF05FFD92AA958D549ED264B42324A6">YNAU</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
<subSubSection id="FF14DDB903534C61E7130DAF172B4FA7" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="E77C9D8A1AB42ECB4D67107BBAA8874F" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9565F8EC2BE3F68F6CE07DDEA5CDC390" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
<collectingCountry id="C8A3641FC0742464056E7999B827BD3A" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="D871848141F9C4C9220BFA52A148D019" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
);
<collectingCountry name="Philippines">Philippines</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="68FE0814ED9D55B9BA76F7042FA5869A" name="Philippines">Philippines</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1025.59920.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/521355" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leclercq" authorityYear="1963" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Dasyproctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dasyproctus vaporus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vaporus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Dasyproctus vaporus</emphasis>
<caption id="2EE78DACBE6B75D8708E0D523AC786BA" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1025.59920.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/521355" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="E69DF685AD4191DC51EB2D0D3A72238C" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="7128EFFBBC8A7A03655AE3B4D9CC7C72" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="70F9894CA0C854633C2D44CBDC286591" authorityName="Leclercq" authorityYear="1963" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Dasyproctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dasyproctus vaporus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vaporus">
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Leclercq,
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habitus, dorsal view
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head, frontal view
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head, dorsal view
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mesosoma, dorsal view
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collar, lateral view
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metasoma, dorsal view. Scale bars:
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<emphasis id="D901C9782B6469782354ABD805A36039" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">b, c</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="28965FA2065268726B3B6FF900CD1C50" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">e</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>

View file

@ -1,214 +1,213 @@
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="150">Taxon classification Animalia Squamata Elapidae</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName LSID="Common names: English Graceful Small-headed Sea Snake, Slender Sea Snake; Farsi Mâr-e daryâï-ye sarkuchak-e barâzandeh" authority="Shaw, 1802" authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Microcephalophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microcephalophis gracilis" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">Microcephalophis gracilis (Shaw, 1802)</taxonomicName>
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Figures 23, 24
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Shaw, 1802: 560.
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<paragraph id="C2869052EA16BB36A39CDE3C2E022F4E" pageId="21" pageNumber="150">
<taxonomicName id="6CCE62C8621A1334A7FAAB46B42D3174" family="Elapidae" genus="Microcephalophis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microcephalophis gracilis" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="150" rank="subspecies" species="gracilis" subspecies="gracilis">Microcephalophis gracilis gracilis</taxonomicName>
-
<bibRefCitation author="Smith, MA" journalOrPublisher="Printed by order of the Trustees of the British museum (Natural History), London" pageId="29" pageNumber="158" title="Monograph of the Sea Snakes (Hydrophiidae)." year="1926">Smith 1926</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="DF387B2384DFA36FC39270C3F28A0A29" author="Smith, MA" journalOrPublisher="Printed by order of the Trustees of the British museum (Natural History), London" pageId="29" pageNumber="158" title="Monograph of the Sea Snakes (Hydrophiidae)." year="1926">Smith 1926</bibRefCitation>
: 121. -
<bibRefCitation author="Kennedy, WP" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="27" pageNumber="156" pagination="745 - 749" title="Some addition to the fauna of Iraq." volume="39" year="1937">Kennedy 1937</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="45E079EA61A5396AB7F4CC4F38D9972D" author="Kennedy, WP" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="27" pageNumber="156" pagination="745 - 749" title="Some addition to the fauna of Iraq." volume="39" year="1937">Kennedy 1937</bibRefCitation>
: 748. -
<bibRefCitation author="Volsoe, H" editor="Jessen, K" journalOrPublisher="Copenhagen" pageId="30" pageNumber="159" pagination="9 - 45" title="The sea snakes of the Iranian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, with a summary of the biology of the sea snakes." volumeTitle="Danish Scientific Investigations in Iran" year="1939">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Volsøe">Volsoe</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="5AA4704DD917BDFC6B668047A1528B91" author="Volsoe, H" editor="Jessen, K" journalOrPublisher="Copenhagen" pageId="30" pageNumber="159" pagination="9 - 45" title="The sea snakes of the Iranian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, with a summary of the biology of the sea snakes." volumeTitle="Danish Scientific Investigations in Iran" year="1939">
<normalizedToken id="D0FC4DB10D9240256DF24338E210F284" originalValue="Volsøe">Volsoe</normalizedToken>
1939
</bibRefCitation>
: 25. -
<bibRefCitation author="Corkill, NL" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="26" pageNumber="155" pagination="475 - 506" title="The snakes of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra." volume="62" year="1965">Corkill and Cochrane 1965</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="B01CD8F825BEF8D7BD24E5483E67267B" author="Corkill, NL" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="26" pageNumber="155" pagination="475 - 506" title="The snakes of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra." volume="62" year="1965">Corkill and Cochrane 1965</bibRefCitation>
: 494. -
<bibRefCitation author="Joger, U" journalOrPublisher="Verlag, Wiesbaden" pageId="27" pageNumber="156" title="The venomous snakes of the Near and Middle East. L. R." year="1984">Joger 1984</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="DB081BA48E0268A70263D5EB874223A7" author="Joger, U" journalOrPublisher="Verlag, Wiesbaden" pageId="27" pageNumber="156" title="The venomous snakes of the Near and Middle East. L. R." year="1984">Joger 1984</bibRefCitation>
: 35. -
<bibRefCitation pageId="21" pageNumber="150">Gasperetti 1988</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="DDE26872C422FA8C2369BFB8B7E22811" pageId="21" pageNumber="150">Gasperetti 1988</bibRefCitation>
: 320.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="150">
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Microcephalophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microcephalophis gracilis" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">Microcephalophis gracilis</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="DEC757B761B2D94A79841309AB4208EB" pageId="21" pageNumber="150">
<taxonomicName id="64B153358BB4A9304ACAB6E5DCA2E1B2" family="Elapidae" genus="Microcephalophis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microcephalophis gracilis" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="150" rank="species" species="gracilis">Microcephalophis gracilis</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="150">
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrophis gracilis" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="subspecies" species="gracilis" subspecies="gracilis">Hydrophis gracilis gracilis</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="7F1B389C6335FA149F221E8557C9A864" pageId="21" pageNumber="150">
<taxonomicName id="E54CE62C66009DD3AA13D868AE848888" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrophis gracilis" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="150" rank="subspecies" species="gracilis" subspecies="gracilis">Hydrophis gracilis gracilis</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="150">
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrophis gracilis" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">Hydrophis gracilis</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="B59BFFCDF36FEAA3A15F66EE8A99DA0A" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrophis gracilis" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="150" rank="species" species="gracilis">Hydrophis gracilis</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="151" pageId="21" pageNumber="150" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="150">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="151" pageId="21" pageNumber="150">
<subSubSection id="E77A3B45CDBD9406F00B3FDBF6F8F3B9" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="151" pageId="21" pageNumber="150" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D93D6EDABFFD9256FB6EE85DF7E4B900" pageId="21" pageNumber="150">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="157D54516C98EA8E6767A70403354011" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="151" pageId="21" pageNumber="150">
Gulf of Oman: 11 specimens, Beris and Pasa-Bandar, depth 20-40m [(ZMSBUK.HD.31), TL 968, SVL 878, HL 13.1, HW 5.3, GL 7.7, SNL 3.1, NEL 1.1, ND 24, GBD 66, NSL 5, NSR 19, BSR 33, NV 237, NB 21; (ZMSBUK.HD.32), TL 830, SVL 757, HL 116, HW 4.4, GL 7, SNL 2.7, NEL 1.2, ND 19, GBD 66, NSL 6, NSR 18, BSR 31, NV 269, NB 43; (ZMSBUK.HD.33), TL 978, SVL 893, HL 13.1, HW 5.9, GL 7.8, SNL 3.4, NEL 1.9, ND 20, GBD 54, NSL 6, NSR 15, BSR 29, NV245, NB 59; (ZMSBUK.HD.34), TL 900, SVL 821, HL 12.3, HW 5.2, GL 7.9, SNL 2.8, NEL 1.4, ND 23, GBD 67, NSL 6, NSR 18, BSR 29, NV 253, NB 55; (ZMSBUK.HD.35), TL 893, SVL 821, HL 12.1, HW 6.3, GL 9, SNL 3, NEL 1.8, ND 20, GBD 55, NSL 6, NSR 17, BSR 31, NV 223, NB 20; (ZMSBUK.HD.36), TL 900, SVL 820, HL 12.2, HW 5.1, GL 9, SNL 3.6, NEL 1.7, ND 22, GBD 58, NSL 6, NSR 18, BSR 31, NV 231, NB 51; (ZMSBUK.HD.37), TL 957, SVL 870, HL 12.5, HW 5.7, GL 8.5, SNL 3.5, NEL 1.4, ND 20, GBD 50, NSL 6, NSR 19, BSR 32, NV 264, NB 46; (ZMSBUK.HD.38), TL860, SVL 787, HL 12.3, HW 5.4, GL 7.7, SNL 3, NEL 1.5, ND 20, GBD 60, NSL 6, NSR 19, BSR
<pageBreakToken pageId="22" pageNumber="151" start="start">29</pageBreakToken>
<pageBreakToken id="EB1079A32F384F0471BB6FEC1EA13AE6" pageId="22" pageNumber="151" start="start">29</pageBreakToken>
, NV 229, NB 27; (ZMSBUK.HD.39), TL 935, SVL 847, HL 12.8, HW 5.7, GL 8, SNL 3.4, NEL 2.2, ND 22, GBD 78, NSL 6, NSR 19, BSR 30, NV 229, NB 41; (ZMSBUK.HD.46), TL 827, SVL 752, HL 12.7, HW 5.6, GL 9, SNL 3.4, NEL 1.5, ND 18, GBD 62, NSL 6, NSR 19, BSR 30, NV 242, NB 48; (ZMSBUK.HD.54), TL 922, SVL 837, HL 13.2, HW 5.9, GL 8.9, SNL 3.2, NEL 1.4, ND 20, GBD 67, NSL 6, NSR 19, BSR 31, NV 246, NB 53], August 2013, collector: M. Rezaie-Atagholipour.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="151" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="151">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="151">
<subSubSection id="E61F5F58BE95434F541E4F8AF12D76C9" pageId="22" pageNumber="151" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="A090F6D5EA7631F30CA3090FAFD5B9BE" pageId="22" pageNumber="151">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B9C18A18224B8EC8640158C1D1540F22" pageId="22" pageNumber="151">
Head extremely small (Figure 24); 5-6 supralabials, second usually in contact with prefrontal, third and fourth touch eye (Figure 23a); neck markedly slender; body elongate, markedly slender anteriorly (Figure 24d); 15-20 scale rows on neck, 20-33 on body [18-19 and 31 (
<bibRefCitation author="Volsoe, H" editor="Jessen, K" journalOrPublisher="Copenhagen" pageId="30" pageNumber="159" pagination="9 - 45" title="The sea snakes of the Iranian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, with a summary of the biology of the sea snakes." volumeTitle="Danish Scientific Investigations in Iran" year="1939">
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<bibRefCitation id="729251F111599B104EA8BF4B75F4B87F" author="Volsoe, H" editor="Jessen, K" journalOrPublisher="Copenhagen" pageId="30" pageNumber="159" pagination="9 - 45" title="The sea snakes of the Iranian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, with a summary of the biology of the sea snakes." volumeTitle="Danish Scientific Investigations in Iran" year="1939">
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1939
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)]; 223-269 ventrals [232-269 (
<bibRefCitation author="Volsoe, H" editor="Jessen, K" journalOrPublisher="Copenhagen" pageId="30" pageNumber="159" pagination="9 - 45" title="The sea snakes of the Iranian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, with a summary of the biology of the sea snakes." volumeTitle="Danish Scientific Investigations in Iran" year="1939">
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1939
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)].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="151" type="coloration">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="151">Coloration.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="151">Gray to dark gray dorsally, gray-whitish ventrally, darker anteriorly than posteriorly; 20-59 black bands broader dorsally; bands on necks and anterior part of body are black and merge each other only ventrally or ventrally and dorsally (Figure 24d); bands on the posterior part of the body are paler, or sometimes absent.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="3CE1BF02D569B6A274B294011D2F2671" pageId="22" pageNumber="151" type="coloration">
<paragraph id="F4DB76059BBD6C3DD91F208673D6D32B" pageId="22" pageNumber="151">Coloration.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9FDB46C41B50E20EB0E925D901EED339" pageId="22" pageNumber="151">Gray to dark gray dorsally, gray-whitish ventrally, darker anteriorly than posteriorly; 20-59 black bands broader dorsally; bands on necks and anterior part of body are black and merge each other only ventrally or ventrally and dorsally (Figure 24d); bands on the posterior part of the body are paler, or sometimes absent.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="151" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="151">Size.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="151">
<subSubSection id="F0B718F5D258337954A2BB7B39DE0467" pageId="22" pageNumber="151" type="description">
<paragraph id="37092FD2410C3DA6DA905525C446AFE2" pageId="22" pageNumber="151">Size.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="258A117A88DB1B811F9458C0C060C470" pageId="22" pageNumber="151">
Mean TL 906 mm, maximum 978 mm (n = 11); [n = 9, mean TL 865.5 mm, maximum TL 1030 mm (
<bibRefCitation author="Volsoe, H" editor="Jessen, K" journalOrPublisher="Copenhagen" pageId="30" pageNumber="159" pagination="9 - 45" title="The sea snakes of the Iranian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, with a summary of the biology of the sea snakes." volumeTitle="Danish Scientific Investigations in Iran" year="1939">
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1939
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)].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="151" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="151">General distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="151">
<subSubSection id="EEF46A9706EBB3D3A1876FE74F7007CD" pageId="22" pageNumber="151" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="72A67779AB297AFDDEDD1B568C67853B" pageId="22" pageNumber="151">General distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="381D12F1E6F6E83146ABF019A962EFE3" pageId="22" pageNumber="151">
Indo- West Pacific, from the Persian Gulf to Australia (
<bibRefCitation author="David, P" journalOrPublisher="Dumerilia" pageId="26" pageNumber="155" pagination="3 - 499" title="Les serpents venimeux du monde: systematique et repartition." volume="3" year="1999">David and Ineich 1999</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="C76F610D08530213363859061A178658" author="David, P" journalOrPublisher="Dumerilia" pageId="26" pageNumber="155" pagination="3 - 499" title="Les serpents venimeux du monde: systematique et repartition." volume="3" year="1999">David and Ineich 1999</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="151" type="iucn red list category">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="151">IUCN Red List Category.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="151">
<subSubSection id="CBD6BB810DEDDFECF9258A007FC48981" pageId="22" pageNumber="151" type="iucn red list category">
<paragraph id="F1551F32065E62990721B59A1F20E544" pageId="22" pageNumber="151">IUCN Red List Category.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B9B2533508034A2F4F6936B4ED5A9867" pageId="22" pageNumber="151">
Least concern (
<bibRefCitation author="Hecht, MK" journalOrPublisher="Herpetologica" pageId="27" pageNumber="156" title="Red List of Threatened Species version 2016 - 1" url="http://www.iucnredlist.org" year="2016">IUCN 2016</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="C5C60E430E6E3D52AF269305212F109E" author="Hecht, MK" journalOrPublisher="Herpetologica" pageId="27" pageNumber="156" title="Red List of Threatened Species version 2016 - 1" url="http://www.iucnredlist.org" year="2016">IUCN 2016</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="151" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="151">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="151">
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Microcephalophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microcephalophis gracilis" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="151" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">Microcephalophis gracilis</taxonomicName>
<subSubSection id="501E9FA04A609744EF957B9F7515EFD4" pageId="22" pageNumber="151" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="D5F5E076B16011A5E90C3065877AEFA6" pageId="22" pageNumber="151">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2B7C72A3D9E09EE5A7CBEB700612D80E" pageId="22" pageNumber="151">
<taxonomicName id="787A920070FD0A6EAFA9396F913FBE48" genus="Microcephalophis" lsidName="Microcephalophis gracilis" pageId="22" pageNumber="151" rank="species" species="gracilis">Microcephalophis gracilis</taxonomicName>
and the other Small-headed Sea Snake,
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Microcephalophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microcephalophis cantoris" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="151" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cantoris">Microcephalophis cantoris</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="95FCBE6E6D8D2284E609892857E38157" genus="Microcephalophis" lsidName="Microcephalophis cantoris" pageId="22" pageNumber="151" rank="species" species="cantoris">Microcephalophis cantoris</taxonomicName>
, recorded here for the first time in the area (see below), are easily distinguishable from other species in the region by having an extremely small head and slender neck. However, these two species may be confused with each other at a glance.
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Microcephalophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microcephalophis gracilis" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="151" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">Microcephalophis gracilis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="D64946601987404844F05BF1682A8DEC" genus="Microcephalophis" lsidName="Microcephalophis gracilis" pageId="22" pageNumber="151" rank="species" species="gracilis">Microcephalophis gracilis</taxonomicName>
is distinguishable from
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Microcephalophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microcephalophis cantoris" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="151" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cantoris">Microcephalophis cantoris</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="D9BEB6FD0AB6BB7E3F4BC7FCB8BB6265" genus="Microcephalophis" lsidName="Microcephalophis cantoris" pageId="22" pageNumber="151" rank="species" species="cantoris">Microcephalophis cantoris</taxonomicName>
by having less number of ventrals (223-269 versus 404-468 in
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Microcephalophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microcephalophis cantoris" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="151" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cantoris">Microcephalophis cantoris</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="395DD5C41DE26B3ABDA2075E834095E9" genus="Microcephalophis" lsidName="Microcephalophis cantoris" pageId="22" pageNumber="151" rank="species" species="cantoris">Microcephalophis cantoris</taxonomicName>
). All material examined in this study was collected from eastern Gulf of Oman.
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however recorded material from the western Gulf of Oman and western Persian Gulf.

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Ophiolepis pacifica
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, 1856
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Figure 7
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<normalizedToken id="F556CEB60EC6EC57872FF9C0E7992AC4" originalValue="GL">G-L</normalizedToken>
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<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="134">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="134">Disk rounded (dd = 4 to 10 mm). Disk covered by large scales, surrounded by smaller scales of different sizes and shapes. There is a primary central scale surrounded by five oval scales. Radial shields triangular and distally separated by a row of scales; with a furrow that parallels the margin (Fig. 7J). The ventral interradial area is covered by scales smaller in comparison to the dorsal side (Fig. 7K). Oral shields pentagonal, longer than wide. Madreporite evident. Adoral shields large, triangular, not in contact. Four oral papillae at each side of the jaw; the outer one being the largest (Fig. 7K). Dorsal arm plates wider than long. Accessory dorsal arm plates restricted to the first arm segments (Fig. 7H).Ventral arm plates with distal margin rounded, wider than long. Four to five short and conical arm spines. Two tentacle scales closely equal in size (Fig. 7I). Dorsal side light brown in color; dorsal arm plates with darker transvers bands (Fig. 7G). Ventral side uniformly creamy-white in color (Fig. 7K).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="58EB298C7561BA5779E0B4DC80D5A03B" pageId="33" pageNumber="134">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C5FA093FCA3B0AA9D64489E2F513985E" pageId="33" pageNumber="134">Disk rounded (dd = 4 to 10 mm). Disk covered by large scales, surrounded by smaller scales of different sizes and shapes. There is a primary central scale surrounded by five oval scales. Radial shields triangular and distally separated by a row of scales; with a furrow that parallels the margin (Fig. 7J). The ventral interradial area is covered by scales smaller in comparison to the dorsal side (Fig. 7K). Oral shields pentagonal, longer than wide. Madreporite evident. Adoral shields large, triangular, not in contact. Four oral papillae at each side of the jaw; the outer one being the largest (Fig. 7K). Dorsal arm plates wider than long. Accessory dorsal arm plates restricted to the first arm segments (Fig. 7H).Ventral arm plates with distal margin rounded, wider than long. Four to five short and conical arm spines. Two tentacle scales closely equal in size (Fig. 7I). Dorsal side light brown in color; dorsal arm plates with darker transvers bands (Fig. 7G). Ventral side uniformly creamy-white in color (Fig. 7K).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="134">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="135" pageId="33" pageNumber="134">
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<paragraph id="38BE76FBE8646F3000259E92671AE77B" pageId="33" pageNumber="134">Distribution.</paragraph>
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Mexico, Costa Rica and Panama (
<bibRefCitation author="Clark, HL" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica" pageId="37" pageNumber="138" pagination="331 - 352" title="Notes on Echinoderms from the West Coast of Central America. Eastern Pacific Expeditions of the New York Zoological Society." volume="25" year="1940">Clark HL 1940</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="1EF24F2FC46916D511CD3C716FB517A9" author="Clark, HL" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica" pageId="37" pageNumber="138" pagination="331 - 352" title="Notes on Echinoderms from the West Coast of Central America. Eastern Pacific Expeditions of the New York Zoological Society." volume="25" year="1940">Clark HL 1940</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Verrill, AE" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="41" pageNumber="142" pagination="251 - 322" title="Notes on the Echinoderms of Panama and West Coast of America, with descriptions of new genera and species." volume="1" year="1867">Verrill 1867</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="6F2C14D70AC0299E3B78256A639D884F" author="Verrill, AE" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="41" pageNumber="142" pagination="251 - 322" title="Notes on the Echinoderms of Panama and West Coast of America, with descriptions of new genera and species." volume="1" year="1867">Verrill 1867</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Honey-Escandon, M" journalOrPublisher="Revista de Biologia Tropical" pageId="39" pageNumber="140" pagination="57 - 73" title="Equinodermos (Echinodermata) del Pacifico Mexicano." volume="56" year="2008">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Honey-Escandón">Honey-Escandon</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="B870A88B94979F76DEBF935B0DF6A9A6" author="Honey-Escandon, M" journalOrPublisher="Revista de Biologia Tropical" pageId="39" pageNumber="140" pagination="57 - 73" title="Equinodermos (Echinodermata) del Pacifico Mexicano." volume="56" year="2008">
<normalizedToken id="00325F5A7012A48160B8EC9E5C39E2BF" originalValue="Honey-Escandón">Honey-Escandon</normalizedToken>
et al. 2008
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,
<bibRefCitation author="Alvarado, JJ" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biodiversity" pageId="36" pageNumber="137" pagination="45 - 56" title="Echinoderm (Echinodermata) diversity in the Pacific coast of Central America." url="10.1007/s12526-009-0032-5" volume="40" year="2010">Alvarado et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="DE78FD8541E5F75133BCFAB1CA54912D" author="Alvarado, JJ" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biodiversity" pageId="36" pageNumber="137" pagination="45 - 56" title="Echinoderm (Echinodermata) diversity in the Pacific coast of Central America." url="10.1007/s12526-009-0032-5" volume="40" year="2010">Alvarado et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
). In Mexico, from the Gulf of California (Sinaloa), Nayarit, Jalisco, Guerrero and Oaxaca (
<bibRefCitation author="Caso, ME" journalOrPublisher="Anales del Instituto de Biologia, UNAM" pageId="37" pageNumber="138" pagination="219 - 312" title="Contribucion al conocimiento de los ofiuroideos de Mexico. I. Algunas especies de ofiuroideos litorales." volume="22" year="1951">Caso 1951</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="7C108E3D341C8E2480391B2315B38247" author="Caso, ME" journalOrPublisher="Anales del Instituto de Biologia, UNAM" pageId="37" pageNumber="138" pagination="219 - 312" title="Contribucion al conocimiento de los ofiuroideos de Mexico. I. Algunas especies de ofiuroideos litorales." volume="22" year="1951">Caso 1951</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Solis-Marin, FA" journalOrPublisher="Revista de Biologia Tropical" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="135" pageId="41" pageNumber="142" pagination="123 - 137" title="Equinodermos (Echinodermata) del Golfo de California, Mexico." volume="53" year="2005">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Solís-Marín">Solis-Marin</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="D59F5312BB2BE18E117C31267C5D0E4C" author="Solis-Marin, FA" journalOrPublisher="Revista de Biologia Tropical" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="135" pageId="41" pageNumber="142" pagination="123 - 137" title="Equinodermos (Echinodermata) del Golfo de California, Mexico." volume="53" year="2005">
<normalizedToken id="40D596282523BB4C9C5D6E277DF61D29" originalValue="Solís-Marín">Solis-Marin</normalizedToken>
et al.
<pageBreakToken pageId="34" pageNumber="135" start="start">2005</pageBreakToken>
<pageBreakToken id="C770FDCCC5721099743AB2B6F52EA134" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" start="start">2005</pageBreakToken>
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Honey-Escandon, M" journalOrPublisher="Revista de Biologia Tropical" pageId="39" pageNumber="140" pagination="57 - 73" title="Equinodermos (Echinodermata) del Pacifico Mexicano." volume="56" year="2008">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Honey-Escandón">Honey-Escandon</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="049E56F077AA4786DFCB1478EF61C7D1" author="Honey-Escandon, M" journalOrPublisher="Revista de Biologia Tropical" pageId="39" pageNumber="140" pagination="57 - 73" title="Equinodermos (Echinodermata) del Pacifico Mexicano." volume="56" year="2008">
<normalizedToken id="DDC37C9CB5A8DE014684DE8E070140FD" originalValue="Honey-Escandón">Honey-Escandon</normalizedToken>
et al. 2008
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Granja-Fernandez, MR" journalOrPublisher="Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad" pageId="38" pageNumber="139" pagination="1320 - 1323" title="Nuevos registros de ofiuroideos (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) para localidades de Zihuatanejo (Guerrero) y Puerto Escondido (Oaxaca), Pacifico mexicano." volume="82" year="2011">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Granja-Fernández">Granja-Fernandez</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="3BC2D9ECD1C603B7098B542C97C1BCA0" author="Granja-Fernandez, MR" journalOrPublisher="Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad" pageId="38" pageNumber="139" pagination="1320 - 1323" title="Nuevos registros de ofiuroideos (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) para localidades de Zihuatanejo (Guerrero) y Puerto Escondido (Oaxaca), Pacifico mexicano." volume="82" year="2011">
<normalizedToken id="233CB251DB6EC4BE3099404430A4035F" originalValue="Granja-Fernández">Granja-Fernandez</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken originalValue="López-Pérez">Lopez-Perez</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="35D5A093A43014CE205CD7DD2368F0E5" originalValue="López-Pérez">Lopez-Perez</normalizedToken>
2011
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). From the intertidal zone to 30 m depth (
<bibRefCitation author="Maluf, LY" journalOrPublisher="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Technical Reports" pageId="40" pageNumber="141" pagination="1 - 242" title="Composition and distribution of the Central Eastern Pacific Echinoderms." volume="2" year="1988">Maluf 1988</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="F64AED0E85C25CAAD56E45731A56082D" author="Maluf, LY" journalOrPublisher="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Technical Reports" pageId="40" pageNumber="141" pagination="1 - 242" title="Composition and distribution of the Central Eastern Pacific Echinoderms." volume="2" year="1988">Maluf 1988</bibRefCitation>
). In this study,
<taxonomicName class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophiolepis pacifica" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pacifica">Ophiolepis pacifica</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4791525D6566BF0198CEDDE8E5864207" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophiolepis pacifica" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pacifica">Ophiolepis pacifica</taxonomicName>
was collected on coral reefs from Guerrero and Oaxaca, from 4.9 to 26 m depth.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="135" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="135">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicName class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophiolepis pacifica" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pacifica">Ophiolepis pacifica</taxonomicName>
<subSubSection id="A09AAE340C05C6A9E465FD9633A53F52" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="5D8F40C3A92525100A8370B160023BE3" pageId="34" pageNumber="135">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E1ED2F591125C06AD67327B3CC5CCAF2" pageId="34" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicName id="585EFA8278CD79142A14E2C85BD39C68" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophiolepis pacifica" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pacifica">Ophiolepis pacifica</taxonomicName>
was described by
<bibRefCitation author="Luetken, CF" journalOrPublisher="Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening" pageId="39" pageNumber="140" pagination="1 - 26" title="Bidrag til Kundskabom Slangestjerne. III. Bidrag til Kunskab om Ophiurerne ved Central-Amerikas Vestkyst." volume="1856" year="1856">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lütken">Luetken</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="6B57FE0280DC420376ABCD86C84E63B5" author="Luetken, CF" journalOrPublisher="Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening" pageId="39" pageNumber="140" pagination="1 - 26" title="Bidrag til Kundskabom Slangestjerne. III. Bidrag til Kunskab om Ophiurerne ved Central-Amerikas Vestkyst." volume="1856" year="1856">
<normalizedToken id="DBC605D7E15BC411B866CA48FFB40666" originalValue="Lütken">Luetken</normalizedToken>
(1856)
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as
<taxonomicName class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophiolepis" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Ophiolepis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="8B5817967682794A45E0C80757506D41" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophiolepis" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Ophiolepis</taxonomicName>
but
<bibRefCitation author="Lyman, T" journalOrPublisher="Illustrated Catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, at Harvard College," pageId="39" pageNumber="140" pagination="1 - 200" title="Ophiuridae and Astrophytidae." volume="1" year="1865">Lyman (1865)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="97ECD198EDD3ADB647FA5A4DB346AF74" author="Lyman, T" journalOrPublisher="Illustrated Catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, at Harvard College," pageId="39" pageNumber="140" pagination="1 - 200" title="Ophiuridae and Astrophytidae." volume="1" year="1865">Lyman (1865)</bibRefCitation>
transferred this species to the genus
<taxonomicName class="Ophiuroidea" family="Hemieuryalidae" genus="Ophiozona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophiozona" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Ophiozona</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="005AAE6C1B2E3E779C448EFAEE3F6446" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Hemieuryalidae" genus="Ophiozona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophiozona" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Ophiozona</taxonomicName>
Lyman, 1865 based on the absence of the accessory or supplementary dorsal arm plates.
<bibRefCitation author="Devaney, DM" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="38" pageNumber="139" pagination="122 - 163" title="Shallow-water echinoderms from British Honduras, with a description of a new species of Ophiocoma (Ophiuroidea)." volume="24" year="1974">Devaney (1974)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="B10771C5909281E848AF3265F32B7872" author="Devaney, DM" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="38" pageNumber="139" pagination="122 - 163" title="Shallow-water echinoderms from British Honduras, with a description of a new species of Ophiocoma (Ophiuroidea)." volume="24" year="1974">Devaney (1974)</bibRefCitation>
studied specimens from the Gulf of California which revealed accessory dorsal arm plates; thus the genus
<taxonomicName class="Ophiuroidea" family="Hemieuryalidae" genus="Ophiozona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophiozona" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Ophiozona</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="629084C043EF606015A332F7EA775D35" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Hemieuryalidae" genus="Ophiozona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophiozona" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Ophiozona</taxonomicName>
was rejected and replaced again by
<taxonomicName class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophiolepis" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Ophiolepis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="1F96D1CD0365901F43051FE4572E099B" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophiolepis" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Ophiolepis</taxonomicName>
. We also found small accessory dorsal arm plates in the first arm segments of the collected material and were more evident in larger specimens.
<taxonomicName class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophiolepis pacifica" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pacifica">Ophiolepis pacifica</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="163DB573BC7ADF49CB730338F18A3871" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophiolepis pacifica" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pacifica">Ophiolepis pacifica</taxonomicName>
was collected buried in sand and although
<bibRefCitation author="Clark, HL" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica" pageId="37" pageNumber="138" pagination="331 - 352" title="Notes on Echinoderms from the West Coast of Central America. Eastern Pacific Expeditions of the New York Zoological Society." volume="25" year="1940">Clark HL (1940)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="0A63E0E43B4738F92AB0143283F12FB8" author="Clark, HL" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica" pageId="37" pageNumber="138" pagination="331 - 352" title="Notes on Echinoderms from the West Coast of Central America. Eastern Pacific Expeditions of the New York Zoological Society." volume="25" year="1940">Clark HL (1940)</bibRefCitation>
reported
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<taxonomicName id="FD864B66468C5269DC48FEF94F749EB9" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophiolepis pacifica" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pacifica">Ophiolepis pacifica</taxonomicName>
in
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Pocilloporidae" genus="Pocillopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pocillopora" order="Scleractinia" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Pocillopora</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="E1608F903DCD2D270765BEA2BCB35FAA" class="Anthozoa" family="Pocilloporidae" genus="Pocillopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pocillopora" order="Scleractinia" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Pocillopora</taxonomicName>
coral in Jasper Island (Costa Rica), we never found the species associated with coral. In the Eastern Pacific, it is common to find other species of this genus (
<taxonomicName class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophiolepis crassa" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="crassa">Ophiolepis crassa</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Nielsen, E" journalOrPublisher="Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening" pageId="40" pageNumber="141" pagination="241 - 346" title="Ophiurans from the Gulf of Panama, California, and the Strait of Georgia." volume="91" year="1932">Nielsen 1932</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicName id="6A3951589E4FDB680CD9468C5E4229E3" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophiolepis crassa" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="crassa">Ophiolepis crassa</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="55EC89FB14123367EC61780D897881A9" author="Nielsen, E" journalOrPublisher="Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening" pageId="40" pageNumber="141" pagination="241 - 346" title="Ophiurans from the Gulf of Panama, California, and the Strait of Georgia." volume="91" year="1932">Nielsen 1932</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophiolepis fulva" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="fulva">Ophiolepis fulva</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="BC9DD6B8FBC45ED9B60F21770ABB7293" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophiolepis fulva" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="fulva">Ophiolepis fulva</taxonomicName>
Clark HL, 1940;
<taxonomicName class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophiolepis grissea" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="grissea">Ophiolepis grissea</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="402527547A9C737C7CF8036DBA36E177" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophiolepis grissea" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="grissea">Ophiolepis grissea</taxonomicName>
Clark HL, 1940;
<taxonomicName class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophiolepis variegata" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="variegata">Ophiolepis variegata</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lütken">Luetken</normalizedToken>
<taxonomicName id="2F356986913281B0800B198EF60C82F9" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophiolepis variegata" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="variegata">Ophiolepis variegata</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="71E975F34ABC6A7ACEEAF65483D66663" originalValue="Lütken">Luetken</normalizedToken>
, 1856) associated with sandy and muddy bottoms (
<bibRefCitation author="Verrill, AE" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="41" pageNumber="142" pagination="251 - 322" title="Notes on the Echinoderms of Panama and West Coast of America, with descriptions of new genera and species." volume="1" year="1867">Verrill 1867</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="F1290E23CE49C62D7E1EA37646FAC39F" author="Verrill, AE" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="41" pageNumber="142" pagination="251 - 322" title="Notes on the Echinoderms of Panama and West Coast of America, with descriptions of new genera and species." volume="1" year="1867">Verrill 1867</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Ziesenhenne, FC" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica" pageId="41" pageNumber="142" pagination="209 - 239" title="Echinoderms from the West Coast of Lower California, the Gulf of California and Clarion Island." volume="22" year="1937">Ziesenhenne 1937</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="4F90852B868CEBC26A33AB0CB4702E88" author="Ziesenhenne, FC" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica" pageId="41" pageNumber="142" pagination="209 - 239" title="Echinoderms from the West Coast of Lower California, the Gulf of California and Clarion Island." volume="22" year="1937">Ziesenhenne 1937</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Clark, HL" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica" pageId="37" pageNumber="138" pagination="331 - 352" title="Notes on Echinoderms from the West Coast of Central America. Eastern Pacific Expeditions of the New York Zoological Society." volume="25" year="1940">Clark HL 1940</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="72680DA6B63B8A38F4ED052F8D1A1FAD" author="Clark, HL" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica" pageId="37" pageNumber="138" pagination="331 - 352" title="Notes on Echinoderms from the West Coast of Central America. Eastern Pacific Expeditions of the New York Zoological Society." volume="25" year="1940">Clark HL 1940</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="135" type="collected material">
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="135">Collected material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="135">
<subSubSection id="A4107652F1D94F3AA03C09ADA8DECEB5" pageId="34" pageNumber="135" type="collected material">
<paragraph id="31E9AC2B0ABD7E5552367F906955FF67" pageId="34" pageNumber="135">Collected material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FEB333C24CA4B5149C317AC6FDADE4A8" pageId="34" pageNumber="135">
GUERRERO:Morro del Cerro Colorado (2 specimens, sand, 5.5 m, 31/05/2012, ICML-UNAM 10571); Morros de
<normalizedToken originalValue="Potosí">Potosi</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="616DAC36F9302EA3279C8696948B7800" originalValue="Potosí">Potosi</normalizedToken>
(4 specimens, sand, 06/03/2009, ICML-UNAM 10204).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="135">
<paragraph id="9B95EA6A793020252B032814AF07030B" pageId="34" pageNumber="135">
OAXACA:Puerto Angelito (1 specimen, sand, 10 m, 23/04/2012, ICML-UNAM 10511); Punto de
<normalizedToken originalValue="Presión">Presion</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="AB41CC521E403A6FC5D7F8972CF6FC9B" originalValue="Presión">Presion</normalizedToken>
(1 specimen, sand, 26 m, 22/04/2009, ICML-UNAM 10210); El Faro (1 specimen, sand, 22.9 m, 22/04/2009, ICML-UNAM 10219; 1 specimen, sand, 23/04/2009, ICML-UNAM 10237); Estacahuite (1 specimen, sand, 17/04/2008, MHN 005-4359; 1 specimen, sand, 19/02/2009, MHN 005-4322); La Mina (4 specimens, sand, 17/02/2008, MHN 005-4356); Boquilla (1 specimen, sand, 02/11/2007, MHN 005-4385); San
<normalizedToken originalValue="Agustín">Agustin</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="5E2EEF151DAEE4C54BF4965E7B09E8E7" originalValue="Agustín">Agustin</normalizedToken>
(2 specimens, sand, 6.1 m, 15/09/2007, MHN 005-4333); Riscalillo (1 specimen, sand, 04/12/2008, MHN 005-4335); Guerrilla (2 specimens, sand, 4.9 m, 18/05/2012, ICML-UNAM 10541); Copalita (1 specimen, sand, 9.1 m, 18/05/2012, ICML-UNAM 10533).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

View file

@ -1,129 +1,129 @@
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<treatment id="0AB0F3C8019A5AC485947264149A1E52" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195302539" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0AB0F3C8019A5AC485947264149A1E52" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0AB0F3C8019A5AC485947264149A1E52" lastPageNumber="155" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" scope_class="Ophiuroidea" scope_family="Ophiacanthidae" scope_phylum="Echinodermata">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Ophioplinthaca semele (A. H Clark, 1949) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0113: A-H) A dorsal disc B ventral disc C center of the disc D radial shield E oral frame F ventral arm G dorsal arm H lateral arm; Ophioplinthaca defensor Koehler, 1930 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0112: I-Q) I dorsal disc J ventral disc K center of the disc L disc spine M oral frame N lateral disc O dorsal arm P ventral arm Q lateral arm. Abbreviations: as adoral shield, dap dorsal arm plate, das dorsal arm spine, gs genital slit, j jaw, lap lateral arm plate, m madreporite, os oral shield, rs radial shield, ts tentacle scale, vap ventral arm plate, vas ventral arm spine. Scale bars: 2 mm (I); 1 mm (A, B, F-H, J, N-P); 500 µm (C-E, K, M, Q); 200 µm (L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1099.76479.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682275" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
<subSubSection id="6F96BB17619917391DEB0FCA6B4ADB65" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="description">
<paragraph id="DDEA664F0AA07C8209C2FB103AAA2C41" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<figureCitation id="C7C3310A4BBB299FE87521544B62EBE3" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Ophioplinthaca semele (A. H Clark, 1949) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0113: A-H) A dorsal disc B ventral disc C center of the disc D radial shield E oral frame F ventral arm G dorsal arm H lateral arm; Ophioplinthaca defensor Koehler, 1930 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0112: I-Q) I dorsal disc J ventral disc K center of the disc L disc spine M oral frame N lateral disc O dorsal arm P ventral arm Q lateral arm. Abbreviations: as adoral shield, dap dorsal arm plate, das dorsal arm spine, gs genital slit, j jaw, lap lateral arm plate, m madreporite, os oral shield, rs radial shield, ts tentacle scale, vap ventral arm plate, vas ventral arm spine. Scale bars: 2 mm (I); 1 mm (A, B, F-H, J, N-P); 500 µm (C-E, K, M, Q); 200 µm (L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1099.76479.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682275" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Koehler" authorityYear="1930" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Ophioplinthaca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophioplinthaca defensor" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="defensor">Ophioplinthaca defensor</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="D9AA4E660619238CAC9C3E1D7EBECA1F" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<taxonomicName id="72BAD79AA6B79C2D2FA36C9FD434263B" authorityName="Koehler" authorityYear="1930" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Ophioplinthaca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophioplinthaca defensor" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="defensor">Ophioplinthaca defensor</taxonomicName>
Koehler, 1930: 84-86, pl. 9, figs1, 2;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-020-1666-1" author="Na, J" journalOrPublisher="Acta Oceanologica Sinica" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="1 - 11" refId="B39" refString="Na, J, Chen, W, Zhang, D, Zhang, R, Lu, B, Shen, C, Zhou, Y, Wang, C, 2021. Morphological description and population structure of an ophiuroid species from cobalt-rich crust seamounts in the Northwest Pacific: Implications for marine protection under deep-sea mining. Acta Oceanologica Sinica 40 (12): 1 - 11, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-020-1666-1" title="Morphological description and population structure of an ophiuroid species from cobalt-rich crust seamounts in the Northwest Pacific: Implications for marine protection under deep-sea mining." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-020-1666-1" volume="40" year="2021">Na et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="08788C224189CAF6E6577834B8F0FA7B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-020-1666-1" author="Na, J" journalOrPublisher="Acta Oceanologica Sinica" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="1 - 11" refId="B39" refString="Na, J, Chen, W, Zhang, D, Zhang, R, Lu, B, Shen, C, Zhou, Y, Wang, C, 2021. Morphological description and population structure of an ophiuroid species from cobalt-rich crust seamounts in the Northwest Pacific: Implications for marine protection under deep-sea mining. Acta Oceanologica Sinica 40 (12): 1 - 11, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-020-1666-1" title="Morphological description and population structure of an ophiuroid species from cobalt-rich crust seamounts in the Northwest Pacific: Implications for marine protection under deep-sea mining." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-020-1666-1" volume="40" year="2021">Na et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
: 3-6, figs 2, 4.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<materialsCitation accessionNumber="OK043836" collectingDate="2020-11-27" country="Guam Island" county="Southwest" elevation="1987" latitude="12.147166" location="Northwest Pacific" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="139.00616" municipality="Mariana Trench" specimenCount="1">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0AB0F3C8019A5AC485947264149A1E52:2FE9FA16CBABDE14F8F19851675C750C" country="Guam Island" county="Southwest" latitude="12.147166" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="139.00616" municipality="Mariana Trench" name="Northwest Pacific">Northwest Pacific</location>
<subSubSection id="288EFBAFDFFDCBF19C81B12EE56B1B05" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="47F689B60F4D0BD5D92FA01046FF8941" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E8A45BB4CBC888CD00688CC1FAAF5017" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<materialsCitation id="45466BB012D3701A22288E5794B50612" accessionNumber="OK043836" collectingDate="2020-11-27" country="Guam Island" county="Southwest" elevation="1987" latitude="12.147166" location="Northwest Pacific" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="139.00616" municipality="Mariana Trench" specimenCount="1">
<location id="2FE9FA16CBABDE14F8F19851675C750C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0AB0F3C8019A5AC485947264149A1E52:2FE9FA16CBABDE14F8F19851675C750C" country="Guam Island" county="Southwest" latitude="12.147166" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="139.00616" municipality="Mariana Trench" name="Northwest Pacific">Northwest Pacific</location>
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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; near
<collectingMunicipality>Mariana Trench</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="8F1D2C9ACD0CA19810249101D5254D27">Mariana Trench</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty>Southwest</collectingCounty>
<collectingCounty id="CDD86F0E5DDC3CA849A0DD3406549066">Southwest</collectingCounty>
of
<collectingCountry name="Guam Island">Guam Island</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="0050015871640E0F9874B6AF70B3454F" name="Guam Island">Guam Island</collectingCountry>
, seamount;
<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="8.83" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="12.147166">12°8.83'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D613D3DE1EF0A76476DAB5CB7DF83163" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="8.83" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="12.147166">12°8.83'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="139" direction="east" minutes="0.37" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="139.00616">139°0.37'E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="62CA46348B5E008FF8D3F11F069C6752" degrees="139" direction="east" minutes="0.37" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="139.00616">139°0.37'E</geoCoordinate>
; depth
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9869999999999997" unit="m" value="1987.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9869999999999997" unit="m" value="1987.0">1987 m</elevation>
<quantity id="AD03256785F9792C71C761F83686BD5F" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9869999999999997" unit="m" value="1987.0">
<elevation id="9FD881A9D5861EB5E9642AC2BE16C9CA" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9869999999999997" unit="m" value="1987.0">1987 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<collectingDate value="2020-11-27">27 November 2020</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="5FDCD6DC077C64D7672060349B5C05DE" value="2020-11-27">27 November 2020</collectingDate>
; Collecting event: stn. SC041; Shenhaiyongshi msv leg; preserved in -80°C; GenBank:
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/OK043836">OK043836</accessionNumber>
<accessionNumber id="B4BEE8714E44F2EDDBABF706118CFE0E" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/OK043836">OK043836</accessionNumber>
; IDSSE-EEB-SW0112
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">385-2000 m depth, Southwest of Guam Island, Caiwei Guyot, Weijia Guyot, Batiza Guyot, Northwest Pacific, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Tasman Sea.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="FDCB7CF67CF0CA43944C5DE98DE6CA7F" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="C6C44269E455D858E94193EEEB63270D" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="725D8632B7A2189E33DE68E5CEBFF4CF" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">385-2000 m depth, Southwest of Guam Island, Caiwei Guyot, Weijia Guyot, Batiza Guyot, Northwest Pacific, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Tasman Sea.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Koehler" authorityYear="1930" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Ophioplinthaca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophioplinthaca defensor" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="defensor">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Ophioplinthaca defensor</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="A68180CB7DA2B9BD23947689B827D56C" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="DE85EBA8468B1810FAF9774C013738F2" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3035F204F550AAFF34217CEBC086CF54" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<taxonomicName id="051BC7165B06A1842F5EB89872F2C3D2" authorityName="Koehler" authorityYear="1930" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Ophioplinthaca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophioplinthaca defensor" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="defensor">
<emphasis id="462762DD12466B31F7BCC46AB0C28030" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Ophioplinthaca defensor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was first described by
<bibRefCitation author="Koehler, R" journalOrPublisher="Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk naturhistorisk Forening" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="1 - 295" refId="B23" refString="Koehler, R, 1930. Ophiures recueillies par le Docteur Th. Mortensen dans les Mers d'Australie et dans l'Archipel Malais. Papers from Dr. Th. Mortensen's Pacific Expedition 1914-1916. LIV. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk naturhistorisk Forening 89: 1 - 295" title="Ophiures recueillies par le Docteur Th. Mortensen dans les Mers d'Australie et dans l'Archipel Malais. Papers from Dr. Th. Mortensen's Pacific Expedition 1914 - 1916. LIV." volume="89" year="1930">Koehler (1930)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="455BB94F3473DFC0256725D50D94FD37" author="Koehler, R" journalOrPublisher="Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk naturhistorisk Forening" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="1 - 295" refId="B23" refString="Koehler, R, 1930. Ophiures recueillies par le Docteur Th. Mortensen dans les Mers d'Australie et dans l'Archipel Malais. Papers from Dr. Th. Mortensen's Pacific Expedition 1914-1916. LIV. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk naturhistorisk Forening 89: 1 - 295" title="Ophiures recueillies par le Docteur Th. Mortensen dans les Mers d'Australie et dans l'Archipel Malais. Papers from Dr. Th. Mortensen's Pacific Expedition 1914 - 1916. LIV." volume="89" year="1930">Koehler (1930)</bibRefCitation>
based on a single specimen. However,
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-020-1666-1" author="Na, J" journalOrPublisher="Acta Oceanologica Sinica" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="1 - 11" refId="B39" refString="Na, J, Chen, W, Zhang, D, Zhang, R, Lu, B, Shen, C, Zhou, Y, Wang, C, 2021. Morphological description and population structure of an ophiuroid species from cobalt-rich crust seamounts in the Northwest Pacific: Implications for marine protection under deep-sea mining. Acta Oceanologica Sinica 40 (12): 1 - 11, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-020-1666-1" title="Morphological description and population structure of an ophiuroid species from cobalt-rich crust seamounts in the Northwest Pacific: Implications for marine protection under deep-sea mining." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-020-1666-1" volume="40" year="2021">Na et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="7F114E392D65F5B020F1276F4E3639B5" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-020-1666-1" author="Na, J" journalOrPublisher="Acta Oceanologica Sinica" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="1 - 11" refId="B39" refString="Na, J, Chen, W, Zhang, D, Zhang, R, Lu, B, Shen, C, Zhou, Y, Wang, C, 2021. Morphological description and population structure of an ophiuroid species from cobalt-rich crust seamounts in the Northwest Pacific: Implications for marine protection under deep-sea mining. Acta Oceanologica Sinica 40 (12): 1 - 11, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-020-1666-1" title="Morphological description and population structure of an ophiuroid species from cobalt-rich crust seamounts in the Northwest Pacific: Implications for marine protection under deep-sea mining." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-020-1666-1" volume="40" year="2021">Na et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
provided rich details of morphological variation from juvenile to adult
<taxonomicName genus="O." lsidName="O. defensor" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="species" species="defensor">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">O. defensor</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B388DDAF31FB594648FB5DF2B8B26811" lsidName="O. defensor" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" rank="species" species="defensor">
<emphasis id="20539F1D97FBDC9D2A4532E678756D3D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">O. defensor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the specimen from our collection concurs with their intraspecific morphological variations (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Ophioplinthaca semele (A. H Clark, 1949) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0113: A-H) A dorsal disc B ventral disc C center of the disc D radial shield E oral frame F ventral arm G dorsal arm H lateral arm; Ophioplinthaca defensor Koehler, 1930 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0112: I-Q) I dorsal disc J ventral disc K center of the disc L disc spine M oral frame N lateral disc O dorsal arm P ventral arm Q lateral arm. Abbreviations: as adoral shield, dap dorsal arm plate, das dorsal arm spine, gs genital slit, j jaw, lap lateral arm plate, m madreporite, os oral shield, rs radial shield, ts tentacle scale, vap ventral arm plate, vas ventral arm spine. Scale bars: 2 mm (I); 1 mm (A, B, F-H, J, N-P); 500 µm (C-E, K, M, Q); 200 µm (L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1099.76479.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682275" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">14I-Q</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1CFA94CC6A2EF9FD15F9C4EB5C4BDC59" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Ophioplinthaca semele (A. H Clark, 1949) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0113: A-H) A dorsal disc B ventral disc C center of the disc D radial shield E oral frame F ventral arm G dorsal arm H lateral arm; Ophioplinthaca defensor Koehler, 1930 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0112: I-Q) I dorsal disc J ventral disc K center of the disc L disc spine M oral frame N lateral disc O dorsal arm P ventral arm Q lateral arm. Abbreviations: as adoral shield, dap dorsal arm plate, das dorsal arm spine, gs genital slit, j jaw, lap lateral arm plate, m madreporite, os oral shield, rs radial shield, ts tentacle scale, vap ventral arm plate, vas ventral arm spine. Scale bars: 2 mm (I); 1 mm (A, B, F-H, J, N-P); 500 µm (C-E, K, M, Q); 200 µm (L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1099.76479.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682275" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">14I-Q</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

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@ -1,157 +1,157 @@
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<mods:title>Red Sea Opisthobranchia 5: new species and new records of chromodorids from the Red Sea (Heterobranchia, Nudibranchia, Chromodorididae)</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="C9662EAB69ED005C45592FF6E24FC6E8">Red Sea Opisthobranchia 5: new species and new records of chromodorids from the Red Sea (Heterobranchia, Nudibranchia, Chromodorididae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Yonow, Nathalie</mods:namePart>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182229700" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0ABBD6D9B4F65F7D200410718592103B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0ABBD6D9B4F65F7D200410718592103B" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="1" pageNumber="10">
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<taxonomicName authority="(Eliot, 1904)" baseAuthorityName="Eliot" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Gastropoda" family="Chromodorididae" genus="Diversidoris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diversidoris flava" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="1" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="flava">Diversidoris flava (Eliot, 1904)</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Plate 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Plate 3. Diversidoris flava (Eliot, 1904), photograph S Kahlbrock." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.26378.plate3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214576" pageId="1" pageNumber="10">Plate 3</figureCitation>
<treatment id="0ABBD6D9B4F65F7D200410718592103B" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182229700" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0ABBD6D9B4F65F7D200410718592103B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0ABBD6D9B4F65F7D200410718592103B" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="1" pageNumber="10" scope_family="Chromodorididae" scope_order="Nudibranchia" scope_subClass="Heterobranchia">
<subSubSection id="0390A1FC5C5CC48DA44FEC1552E34C0F" pageId="1" pageNumber="10" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="83F93D4A5DD096060946B92FBEBED6F6" pageId="1" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicName id="DD9AECF1332C245F6F08231ACCD8FF16" ID-CoL="36ZVN" authority="(Eliot, 1904)" baseAuthorityName="Eliot" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Gastropoda" family="Chromodorididae" genus="Diversidoris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diversidoris flava" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="1" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="flava">Diversidoris flava (Eliot, 1904)</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="51F1E8A3A3B32B1121CDEF0566CDE291" captionStart="Plate 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Plate 3. Diversidoris flava (Eliot, 1904), photograph S Kahlbrock." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.26378.plate3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214576" pageId="1" pageNumber="10">Plate 3</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="11" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eliot" authorityYear="1904" class="Gastropoda" family="Chromodorididae" genus="Chromodoris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chromodoris flava" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="flava">
<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="11" start="start">Chromodoris</pageBreakToken>
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<paragraph id="4C4D30ACE0A55C9FD9D9AEBF595CC10A" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="DED9E900EB608F34B12579E71614A92B" authorityName="Eliot" authorityYear="1904" class="Gastropoda" family="Chromodorididae" genus="Chromodoris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chromodoris flava" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="flava">
<pageBreakToken id="06FCD390447D7B08F49369CF29D8434C" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" start="start">Chromodoris</pageBreakToken>
flava
</taxonomicName>
Eliot, 1904: 399 (Zanzibar).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eliot" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Gastropoda" family="Chromodorididae" genus="Noumea" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Noumea flava" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="flava">Noumea flava</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="5652957F2D3514B45E7E7CA805990671" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="59E8E8C4F8206062D945844AFD466CC8" baseAuthorityName="Eliot" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Gastropoda" family="Chromodorididae" genus="Noumea" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Noumea flava" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="flava">Noumea flava</taxonomicName>
-
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1986.tb02254.x" author="Rudman, WB" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" pagination="377 - 404" refId="B22" refString="Rudman, WB, 1986c. The Chromodorididae (Opisthobranchia, Mollusca) of the Indo-West Pacific: Noumea flava colour group. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 88 (4): 377 - 404, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1986.tb02254.x" title="The Chromodorididae (Opisthobranchia, Mollusca) of the Indo-West Pacific: Noumea flava colour group." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1986.tb02254.x" volume="88" year="1986 c">Rudman 1986c</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="948DF9BA8C2C545F4B5C44A38CC6C988" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1986.tb02254.x" author="Rudman, WB" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" pagination="377 - 404" refId="B22" refString="Rudman, WB, 1986c. The Chromodorididae (Opisthobranchia, Mollusca) of the Indo-West Pacific: Noumea flava colour group. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 88 (4): 377 - 404, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1986.tb02254.x" title="The Chromodorididae (Opisthobranchia, Mollusca) of the Indo-West Pacific: Noumea flava colour group." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1986.tb02254.x" volume="88" year="1986 c">Rudman 1986c</bibRefCitation>
: 379, figs 1-4, 17 (GBR, Australia);
<bibRefCitation author="Yonow, N" journalOrPublisher="Pensoft Publications, Sofia / Moscow" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" refId="B37" refString="Yonow, N, 2008. Red Sea Sea Slugs. Pensoft Publications, Sofia/Moscow" title="Red Sea Sea Slugs." year="2008">Yonow 2008</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="83313FAC770E745C6807B498851F8985" author="Yonow, N" journalOrPublisher="Pensoft Publications, Sofia / Moscow" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" refId="B37" refString="Yonow, N, 2008. Red Sea Sea Slugs. Pensoft Publications, Sofia/Moscow" title="Red Sea Sea Slugs." year="2008">Yonow 2008</bibRefCitation>
: 61, 199 (Red Sea).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="11" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="11">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2009-08-01" collectorName="S Kahlbrock" country="Egypt" location="Sha'ab" municipality="Hurghada" specimenCount="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Shaab">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0ABBD6D9B4F65F7D200410718592103B:DECFEBF7178D2C1AE48D6FAA4735D7F1" country="Egypt" municipality="Hurghada" name="Sha'ab">Sha'ab</location>
<subSubSection id="49AFC93411AF0E4A9DB6A8FDE74F38D8" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="9A96373F6CF38C5F34CA023B90EA4EF3" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4C6D45B5E94ADB4AA75EB5A8DF6BFA0B" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">
<materialsCitation id="C4B9DB394426DBBE27CD8588C50DCFAD" collectingDate="2009-08-01" collectorName="S Kahlbrock" country="Egypt" location="Sha'ab" municipality="Hurghada" specimenCount="1">
<normalizedToken id="783E6D8DFDCF72A6D3B02644FA7C233D" originalValue="Shaab">
<location id="DECFEBF7178D2C1AE48D6FAA4735D7F1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0ABBD6D9B4F65F7D200410718592103B:DECFEBF7178D2C1AE48D6FAA4735D7F1" country="Egypt" municipality="Hurghada" name="Sha'ab">Sha'ab</location>
</normalizedToken>
steel tank,
<collectingMunicipality>Hurghada</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="D7A6B598D586B963B566FFF780D7ED8C">Hurghada</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCountry name="Egypt">Egypt</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="2F5157B34C04A183EF06B8902C6FFCEB" name="Egypt">Egypt</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate value="2009-08-01">01 Aug 2009</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="52D1B140D2C1D115873B160A1D10478A" value="2009-08-01">01 Aug 2009</collectingDate>
, 35 m depth on sand, one specimen 4.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
<normalizedToken id="05E3B431942FC78E9BDCE6BE259DC538" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<quantity id="EA7491B330E833F9E003BC30B647F475" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
(preserved), leg. and photographs
<collectorName>S Kahlbrock</collectorName>
<collectorName id="BD54DD8D23C1F8E2275BAB9CFAC4921E">S Kahlbrock</collectorName>
; photographs only, vicinity of Hurghada,
<collectingCountry name="Egypt">Egypt</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="EBF0E52ADF58C46BD4F0094A37B13D47" name="Egypt">Egypt</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate value="2013-11-08">08 Nov 2013</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="2657AE452350EA576BCF6FC26D9194EC" value="2013-11-08">08 Nov 2013</collectingDate>
,
<collectingDate value="2015-07-13">13 July 2015</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="C75D7FD388E313209E68C34C5F27E54E" value="2015-07-13">13 July 2015</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>S Kahlbrock</collectorName>
<collectorName id="C3AAEE03E8AD58D348689B53B528F5C4">S Kahlbrock</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="11" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="11">
<subSubSection id="D451205A497DE744B73C04991BE74DE4" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" type="description">
<paragraph id="7B4DBCFBCA1545B632674EC0160605F9" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0225A9B0E55A606B6302D133D4756388" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">
This species is unmistakable with its lemon yellow body bordered by a deep red line along the margin (Plate
<figureCitation captionStart="Plate 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Plate 3. Diversidoris flava (Eliot, 1904), photograph S Kahlbrock." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.26378.plate3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214576" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="6B830D3FAA25784A2FAFA6DE231F853B" captionStart="Plate 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Plate 3. Diversidoris flava (Eliot, 1904), photograph S Kahlbrock." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.26378.plate3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214576" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">3</figureCitation>
). The rhinophores and unipinnate gills are also lemon yellow. The tiny specimen was damaged, and missing most of its right rhinophore. The left rhinophore bears 12 lamellae, the edges of which are opaque white in life.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="11">The mantle margin of the preserved specimen is of uniform thickness, as is its edge despite the implications of the red line along the margin in life, which is thicker at intervals in the photographs.</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1310493" doi="10.3897/zookeys.770.26378.plate3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214576" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" start="Plate 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Plate 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eliot" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Gastropoda" family="Chromodorididae" genus="Diversidoris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diversidoris flava" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="flava">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Diversidoris flava</emphasis>
<paragraph id="F0B48EF05211BF01C1AC8A38B1E3D364" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">The mantle margin of the preserved specimen is of uniform thickness, as is its edge despite the implications of the red line along the margin in life, which is thicker at intervals in the photographs.</paragraph>
<caption id="CB66BA98F46DCC5B81A769338F8B2F16" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1310493" doi="10.3897/zookeys.770.26378.plate3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214576" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" start="Plate 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="B9737A4911C998431E502B636897C102" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="CA45393BF166174B70545EB66DDD34FA" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Plate 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="476CC814EAFE9A3CC5B20580C57F2F50" baseAuthorityName="Eliot" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Gastropoda" family="Chromodorididae" genus="Diversidoris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diversidoris flava" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="flava">
<emphasis id="8DDEC0FD520C08B566F602260950EDA9" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Diversidoris flava</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Eliot, 1904), photograph S Kahlbrock.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="11" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eliot" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Gastropoda" family="Chromodorididae" genus="Diversidoris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diversidoris flava" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="flava">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Diversidoris flava</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="58E03B06790D5A51F625FC0A4042EBB9" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="059140B2D69EE16F2588C7355C6F56B7" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="17CF408F0BD7897D9715DF939FF24470" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis id="E7472E1E013133A8D3EE7ADF6928E596" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Diversidoris flava</emphasis>
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was originally described in
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Noumea</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4A06B0383FFB75C2D1DDE7007A864280" class="Gastropoda" family="Chromodorididae" genus="Noumea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Noumea" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2CA8E3BE7B00B68A531B49A4895BBE19" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Noumea</emphasis>
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but it has been shown by
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0033479" author="Johnson, RF" journalOrPublisher="Editions Catherine Ledru, Noumea" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" refId="B13" refString="Johnson, RF, Gosliner, TM, 2012. Traditional taxonomic groupings mask evolutionary history: A molecular phylogeny and new classification of the chromodorid nudibranchs. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33479. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0033479" title="Traditional taxonomic groupings mask evolutionary history: A molecular phylogeny and new classification of the chromodorid nudibranchs. PLoS ONE 7 (4): e 33479." url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0033479" year="2012">Johnson and Gosliner (2012)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="A682D7FA666C2985E3016DE57435ED9A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0033479" author="Johnson, RF" journalOrPublisher="Editions Catherine Ledru, Noumea" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" refId="B13" refString="Johnson, RF, Gosliner, TM, 2012. Traditional taxonomic groupings mask evolutionary history: A molecular phylogeny and new classification of the chromodorid nudibranchs. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33479. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0033479" title="Traditional taxonomic groupings mask evolutionary history: A molecular phylogeny and new classification of the chromodorid nudibranchs. PLoS ONE 7 (4): e 33479." url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0033479" year="2012">Johnson and Gosliner (2012)</bibRefCitation>
that it belongs to the genus
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rudman" authorityYear="1987" class="Gastropoda" family="Chromodorididae" genus="Diversidoris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diversidoris" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Diversidoris</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7EFEFF18F2CE4C0176B0B991BC2B7326" authorityName="Rudman" authorityYear="1987" class="Gastropoda" family="Chromodorididae" genus="Diversidoris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diversidoris" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A75D34D2ADC7702DBCB6D6C9DC23FB67" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Diversidoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, separated from
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Chromodorididae" genus="Noumea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Noumea" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Noumea</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BC3C3DEE982FF7454DDEAECE9FF75E1F" class="Gastropoda" family="Chromodorididae" genus="Noumea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Noumea" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CE5CCC0709B98EB55D9365B26A58421A" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Noumea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pruvot-Fol" authorityYear="1931" class="Gastropoda" family="Chromodorididae" genus="Verconia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Verconia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Verconia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7EA792AE51974567DECF0866253E3635" authorityName="Pruvot-Fol" authorityYear="1931" class="Gastropoda" family="Chromodorididae" genus="Verconia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Verconia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="92D994CC670DDEC86FDDA2B754BA4294" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Verconia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; see Remarks below for
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Rudman" baseAuthorityYear="1985" class="Gastropoda" family="Chromodorididae" genus="Verconia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Verconia sudanica" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sudanica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Verconia sudanica</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="94CE4A3C6204E950F10A8A51CB635A4E" baseAuthorityName="Rudman" baseAuthorityYear="1985" class="Gastropoda" family="Chromodorididae" genus="Verconia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Verconia sudanica" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sudanica">
<emphasis id="5889BED05941D65F21E2D36404C93910" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Verconia sudanica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="11" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="11">
<subSubSection id="F93363B7146F081177720F4180FB8C9B" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="483151BA584D511CDB79E54C915DB86E" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B61AB6BE2D2E5C88E19F9446EF087E25" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">
This is the first specimen record of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eliot" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Gastropoda" family="Chromodorididae" genus="Diversidoris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diversidoris flava" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="flava">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Diversidoris flava</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F1A7EE90E3E792CFB9BD94DE7B092C84" baseAuthorityName="Eliot" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Gastropoda" family="Chromodorididae" genus="Diversidoris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diversidoris flava" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="flava">
<emphasis id="C459AD03B29F5492B58BC007CB00761C" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Diversidoris flava</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Red Sea; it was previously recorded by a series of photographs also from Eilat in the northern Red Sea no earlier than 2005 (Eilat,
<bibRefCitation author="Yonow, N" journalOrPublisher="Pensoft Publications, Sofia / Moscow" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" refId="B37" refString="Yonow, N, 2008. Red Sea Sea Slugs. Pensoft Publications, Sofia/Moscow" title="Red Sea Sea Slugs." year="2008">Yonow 2008</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="8973AE74CB3055FB2697D1774DF5CE02" author="Yonow, N" journalOrPublisher="Pensoft Publications, Sofia / Moscow" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" refId="B37" refString="Yonow, N, 2008. Red Sea Sea Slugs. Pensoft Publications, Sofia/Moscow" title="Red Sea Sea Slugs." year="2008">Yonow 2008</bibRefCitation>
: 199; http://www.seaslugforum.net/find/21083). The distribution of this somewhat uncommon species is throughout the Indo-Pacific Ocean; its recent arrival in the Red Sea may be due to shipping.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

View file

@ -1,135 +1,135 @@
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Matsumura Taiwan Idiocerine species A, B Idiocerus apicalis, dorsal and lateral, habitus respectively (holotype) C, D I. formosanus, dorsal and lateral, habitus respectively (syntype). Photographs by Masami Hayashi." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1095.76731.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/671696" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Fig. 5C, D</figureCitation>
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<paragraph id="52245C11B9249859605AD8C4551B5E3A" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
<figureCitation id="04467316EF2D972762C9ED3F8D127FF3" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Matsumura Taiwan Idiocerine species A, B Idiocerus apicalis, dorsal and lateral, habitus respectively (holotype) C, D I. formosanus, dorsal and lateral, habitus respectively (syntype). Photographs by Masami Hayashi." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1095.76731.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/671696" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Fig. 5C, D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Idiocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Idiocerus taiwanus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwanus">Idiocerus taiwanus</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="E430D6FFC9D79AAC1C27A6F7DFD0244B" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
<taxonomicName id="49C8850D727497C0020B252D21BA56CB" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Idiocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Idiocerus taiwanus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwanus">Idiocerus taiwanus</taxonomicName>
Matsumura-
<bibRefCitation author="Huang, KW" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Taiwan Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" pagination="1 - 14" refId="B3" refString="Huang, KW, Maldonado-Capriles, J, 1992. Idiocerinae of Taiwan (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Journal of Taiwan Museum 45 (1): 1 - 14" title="Idiocerinae of Taiwan (Homoptera: Cicadellidae)." volume="45" year="1992">Huang and Maldonado-Capriles 1992</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EDF8A8D9C264A2C5102D5664A6B34D69" author="Huang, KW" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Taiwan Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" pagination="1 - 14" refId="B3" refString="Huang, KW, Maldonado-Capriles, J, 1992. Idiocerinae of Taiwan (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Journal of Taiwan Museum 45 (1): 1 - 14" title="Idiocerinae of Taiwan (Homoptera: Cicadellidae)." volume="45" year="1992">Huang and Maldonado-Capriles 1992</bibRefCitation>
: 4 (listed);
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1664/1947-5144-122.3.405" author="Xue, QQ" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Americana" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" pagination="405 - 417" refId="B19" refString="Xue, QQ, Viraktamath, CA, Zhang, YL, 2017. Checklist to Chinese Idiocerine leafhoppers, key to genera and description of a new species of Anidiocerus (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae). Entomologica Americana 122 (3): 405 - 417, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1664/1947-5144-122.3.405" title="Checklist to Chinese Idiocerine leafhoppers, key to genera and description of a new species of Anidiocerus (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1664/1947-5144-122.3.405" volume="122" year="2017">Xue et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="45976A93C4DAF342D1AB6745D89B87F3" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1664/1947-5144-122.3.405" author="Xue, QQ" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Americana" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" pagination="405 - 417" refId="B19" refString="Xue, QQ, Viraktamath, CA, Zhang, YL, 2017. Checklist to Chinese Idiocerine leafhoppers, key to genera and description of a new species of Anidiocerus (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae). Entomologica Americana 122 (3): 405 - 417, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1664/1947-5144-122.3.405" title="Checklist to Chinese Idiocerine leafhoppers, key to genera and description of a new species of Anidiocerus (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1664/1947-5144-122.3.405" volume="122" year="2017">Xue et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
: 407 (listed).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="97" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
<subSubSection id="6227970A1A8A9D6E53B52ED39600884D" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="DE97BE176B981E753DF8F869C40455D9" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EA4243F1A0D8FDF5D513D019E9BB7CE7" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
This species was described from an unknown number of specimens (syntypic) from Koshun (= Hengchun), southern Taiwan. Both Andy Hamilton and Masami Hayashi (pers comm.) examined the type series in Entomological Institute, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan (9 ♂♂ and 4 ♀♀) and the
<normalizedToken originalValue="latters">latter's</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="7DDCA654DF2F24DA0B991115A0470A48" originalValue="latters">latter's</normalizedToken>
photographs of a syntype are reproduced here (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Matsumura Taiwan Idiocerine species A, B Idiocerus apicalis, dorsal and lateral, habitus respectively (holotype) C, D I. formosanus, dorsal and lateral, habitus respectively (syntype). Photographs by Masami Hayashi." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1095.76731.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/671696" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">5C, D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="99A9E83E340283EFC9DD34653DDBAE1B" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Matsumura Taiwan Idiocerine species A, B Idiocerus apicalis, dorsal and lateral, habitus respectively (holotype) C, D I. formosanus, dorsal and lateral, habitus respectively (syntype). Photographs by Masami Hayashi." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1095.76731.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/671696" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">5C, D</figureCitation>
). One of the male syntypes had been dissected and bears a determination label by Andy Hamilton indicating the species belongs to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Anufriev" authorityYear="1970" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Amritodus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amritodus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Amritodus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2872ED4509BBD18941E8E1CDFF86B469" authorityName="Anufriev" authorityYear="1970" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Amritodus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amritodus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CB942F58DC90B9E927BD234BE3C1CB44" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Amritodus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which needs to be confirmed, together with an unpublished lectotype label. The label information on the specimens is as follows (hw = handwritten, pr = printed), double quotation marks show each label, a single oblique line (except between day and month) is used for changing to new line, and the description on underside is indicated after double oblique lines:
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
<paragraph id="46D7226CCCD390C81A5FC4D9B292F925" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
1 male [dissected], &quot;Formosa / Matsumura [printed] // Koshun / 7/7-02 [hw]&quot;, &quot;
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. formosanus" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" rank="species" species="formosanus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">I. formosanus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5AD4E83166DBC047B8B0D25E3C41FA5D" lsidName="I. formosanus" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" rank="species" species="formosanus">
<emphasis id="1E6CED6CACE7764270DEC41F5A1A57D3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">I. formosanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
n.sp. [hw] / det. Matsumura [pr]&quot;, &quot;Type Matsumura&quot; (red printed label), &quot;Lectotype [red printed label] /
<taxonomicName authorityName="Matsumura" authorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Idiocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Idiocerus formosanus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Idiocerus formosanus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="688E98DCD1B3EB2B620F317237E331CD" authorityName="Matsumura" authorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Idiocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Idiocerus formosanus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">
<emphasis id="073410C89FBE186E099EC07A19EF26B9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Idiocerus formosanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Mm. [hw by K.G.A. Hamilton, not published]&quot;, &quot;
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Amritodus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amritodus formosanus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Amritodus formosanus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9513BA9159DD7F3F4F64AB19F16B80F1" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Amritodus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amritodus formosanus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">
<emphasis id="BDB9208B23D4C95C2BC2262A56DE0C9F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Amritodus formosanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Matsum.) / Det. KGAH
<normalizedToken originalValue="76”">'76&quot;</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="E894ED12FE901D6F7DD916EED0F96927" originalValue="76”">'76&quot;</normalizedToken>
[in double red frame, hw]. 2 male, same data as previous, &quot;PARATYPES [yellow printed label] /
<taxonomicName authorityName="Matsumura" authorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Idiocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Idiocerus formosanus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Idiocerus formosanus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B7752DBC5FA4BE8514D1A79C2410EF31" authorityName="Matsumura" authorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Idiocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Idiocerus formosanus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">
<emphasis id="31CF4605F20FC21F67348BE36DEC4FE5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Idiocerus formosanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Mm. [hw]&quot;
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
<paragraph id="C114FC572E095618B1DFE0703D38EB63" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
4 male, 3 female, [upper right male dissected], &quot;Formosa / Matsumura [pr] // 7/VII 1906 | Koshun [hw]&quot;, &quot;Paratypes (yellow printed label) /
<taxonomicName authorityName="Matsumura" authorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Idiocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Idiocerus formosanus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Idiocerus formosanus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F1613C5D5E1D64B4A8C66686A6FC10FD" authorityName="Matsumura" authorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Idiocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Idiocerus formosanus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">
<emphasis id="266940C774D5655D335E07F6233B772E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Idiocerus formosanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Mm.&quot; [hw];
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">1 female, &quot;Formosa / Matsumura [pr] // 29/VI 1906 / Koshun (hw)&quot;</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">1 male, &quot;Formosa / Matsumura [pr] // 7/VII 1906 / Koshun [hw]</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">1 male, &quot;Formosa / Matsumura [pr] // 10/VIII 1906 / Koshun [hw]&quot;</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CD496DF10E930CF33C17A74E9776E5C8" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">1 female, &quot;Formosa / Matsumura [pr] // 29/VI 1906 / Koshun (hw)&quot;</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4BA75ADE2915BC8471AFB951B6B3878C" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">1 male, &quot;Formosa / Matsumura [pr] // 7/VII 1906 / Koshun [hw]</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BA9CF5F0FF23771E8C6C1C9BDCFDE207" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">1 male, &quot;Formosa / Matsumura [pr] // 10/VIII 1906 / Koshun [hw]&quot;</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>

View file

@ -1,104 +1,104 @@
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<taxonomicName authority="Fabricus, 1775" authorityName="Fabricus" authorityYear="1775" class="Insecta" family="Tabanidae" genus="Ancala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancala fasciata" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciata">Ancala fasciata Fabricus, 1775</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Whole tabanid flies. A Ancala fasciata, discal cell (dc) B Tabanus thoracinus, discal cell (dc), haltare (ht) C Tabanus donaldsoni, distinct R 4 appendix (px) D Tabanus taeniola, median stripe (ms), parafacial hair (pf), antennae (at), labellum (lbl), palpus (lp) E Tabanus taeniola variatus, medial triangles (mt), peri-median bands (pm) F Tabanus gratus, haltares (ht), comma shaped shades (cm) G Tabanus guineensis H Atylotus nigromaculatus, eyes with thin black horizontal line (hl) I Atylotus diurnus, haltares (ht), wing with indistinct appendix (px) J Haematopota duttoni K Haematopota fenestralis, double white streak (ds) L Chrysops distinctipennis, hair tufts (hf), bifurcating band (bf)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.769.21144.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/212725" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="1F0E68624A77A590D844C3032A99FBCC" ID-CoL="DKBN" authority="Fabricus, 1775" authorityName="Fabricus" authorityYear="1775" class="Insecta" family="Tabanidae" genus="Ancala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancala fasciata" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciata">Ancala fasciata Fabricus, 1775</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="E07D51A9504A30E5CD59FCF438FDF632" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Whole tabanid flies. A Ancala fasciata, discal cell (dc) B Tabanus thoracinus, discal cell (dc), haltare (ht) C Tabanus donaldsoni, distinct R 4 appendix (px) D Tabanus taeniola, median stripe (ms), parafacial hair (pf), antennae (at), labellum (lbl), palpus (lp) E Tabanus taeniola variatus, medial triangles (mt), peri-median bands (pm) F Tabanus gratus, haltares (ht), comma shaped shades (cm) G Tabanus guineensis H Atylotus nigromaculatus, eyes with thin black horizontal line (hl) I Atylotus diurnus, haltares (ht), wing with indistinct appendix (px) J Haematopota duttoni K Haematopota fenestralis, double white streak (ds) L Chrysops distinctipennis, hair tufts (hf), bifurcating band (bf)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.769.21144.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/212725" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Location.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Shores of Lake Victoria, Uganda</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="61345FA1D454A73E9A9039B6C9A8B5E2" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Location.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BD712661BDC45C96FCE382689BA86002" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Shores of Lake Victoria, Uganda</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Descriprion.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Head. Head as wide as thorax (Suppl. material 2: Figure S1A). Eyes shiny green (in freshly collected specimen), turn black after preservation in ethanol. Eyes separated by narrow brown frons with brown and black short hair. Callus (cs) brown, wide basally and tapering posteriorly to form a spindle-shaped upper callus, reaching midway frons. Scar-like callus at posterior end of frons (Suppl. material 2: Figure S1B). Antennae brown, first antennal segment (scape) is yellowish golden-brown with predominantly white hair and few black hairs that appear as a thorn-like anterior projection as on second segment. Third segment (flagellum) brown, relatively wide, with small white hair and four dark brown annulations. Second segment of the palpus is yellowish white with white recumbent hair, interspersed with few black hairs. Palpus with black tip and black labellum (Suppl. material 2: Figure S1C).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BFB0A36661849CF4C8B4C17421AF1FE6" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Descriprion.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E68CB3E60F1ECCB94128B0C6B5B8F801" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Head. Head as wide as thorax (Suppl. material 2: Figure S1A). Eyes shiny green (in freshly collected specimen), turn black after preservation in ethanol. Eyes separated by narrow brown frons with brown and black short hair. Callus (cs) brown, wide basally and tapering posteriorly to form a spindle-shaped upper callus, reaching midway frons. Scar-like callus at posterior end of frons (Suppl. material 2: Figure S1B). Antennae brown, first antennal segment (scape) is yellowish golden-brown with predominantly white hair and few black hairs that appear as a thorn-like anterior projection as on second segment. Third segment (flagellum) brown, relatively wide, with small white hair and four dark brown annulations. Second segment of the palpus is yellowish white with white recumbent hair, interspersed with few black hairs. Palpus with black tip and black labellum (Suppl. material 2: Figure S1C).</paragraph>
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Thorax. Thorax brown with brownish-black patterns and black and golden-brown hair, with light brown median stripe that runs down to posterior end of the mesonotum. Median sublateral stripes (st) light brown; may be obscured and only reach half way of mesonotum. Scutellum yellowish and brown shades (brown with yellow postero-lateral border) with white and black hair. Prominent white hair tuft (hf) below postalar callus at base of wing (Suppl. material 2: Figure S1D). Halteres whitish yellow with a yellow stalk. Wing with typical basicosta and costa covered with short black hair with a longitudinal hairless groove. Wing with brown longitudinal cross band that runs up to discal cell and does not reach hind margin. The discal cell (dc) brown (Suppl. material 2: Figure S1A). Fore tibia differs in the species,
<normalizedToken originalValue="“swollen”">&quot;swollen&quot;</normalizedToken>
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and black with black hair (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Key morphological features of sampled tabanid species. A Ancala fasciata B Tabanus donaldsoni green eyes (in fresh sample) C Tabanus donaldsoni, wing with distinct R 4 appendix (px), indistict hair tuft (hf) D Atylotus nigromaculatus, wing with short, clear appendix on R 4 E Haematopota duttoni, mottled wing with a right angled white thick line (in black circle) between vein A 1 and the wing margin, the R 4 has a long appendix F Haematopota fenestralis, shiny black callus on frons, eyes have bright coloured bands G Chrysops brucei, lateral view of head showing the antenna, black mouth parts and brown legs (partial)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.769.21144.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/212726" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">4A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="12775E36B4923BBDB8B1F65D284ACFD9" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Key morphological features of sampled tabanid species. A Ancala fasciata B Tabanus donaldsoni green eyes (in fresh sample) C Tabanus donaldsoni, wing with distinct R 4 appendix (px), indistict hair tuft (hf) D Atylotus nigromaculatus, wing with short, clear appendix on R 4 E Haematopota duttoni, mottled wing with a right angled white thick line (in black circle) between vein A 1 and the wing margin, the R 4 has a long appendix F Haematopota fenestralis, shiny black callus on frons, eyes have bright coloured bands G Chrysops brucei, lateral view of head showing the antenna, black mouth parts and brown legs (partial)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.769.21144.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/212726" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">4A</figureCitation>
; Suppl. material 2: Figure S1E). Fore femur is brown with black and white hair, tarsus black with black hair. Hind tibia brown with a darker shade distally and lighter basally. Distally hair predominantly black with few white hair, proximal more white hair. Hind femur brownish yellow or golden yellow with white hair, tarsus dark brown with black hair. Middle leg same as hind leg.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Abdomen. Abdomen yellow with yellow and black hair. Seventh segment pointed (Suppl. material 2: Figure S1A). Ventral surface yellow with yellow hair except on last segment with white and black hair.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="975096DEBDF5CF1864A6DAD19099A787" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Abdomen. Abdomen yellow with yellow and black hair. Seventh segment pointed (Suppl. material 2: Figure S1A). Ventral surface yellow with yellow hair except on last segment with white and black hair.</paragraph>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="176584133" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0ADCB1AF62BA5ED98A1DB55889E2D72C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0ADCB1AF62BA5ED98A1DB55889E2D72C" lastPageNumber="133" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
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<treatment id="0ADCB1AF62BA5ED98A1DB55889E2D72C" ID-GBIF-Taxon="176584133" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0ADCB1AF62BA5ED98A1DB55889E2D72C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0ADCB1AF62BA5ED98A1DB55889E2D72C" lastPageNumber="133" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" scope_family="Arcturidae" scope_order="Isopoda" scope_subOrder="Valvifera">
<subSubSection id="FD627AE5EDD00E7EBFAE600FF7350E6A" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8AEE1976CD6EB5C05F152824796CAC5C" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
Genus
<taxonomicName LSID="0ADCB1AF-62BA-5ED9-8A1D-B55889E2D72C" authority="Barnard, 1914" authorityName="Barnard" authorityYear="1914" class="Malacostraca" family="Arcturidae" genus="Idarcturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Idarcturus" order="Isopoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Idarcturus Barnard, 1914</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="FB11E896CBD59C292251C8081CB4127C" ID-CoL="7P6YC" LSID="0ADCB1AF-62BA-5ED9-8A1D-B55889E2D72C" authority="Barnard, 1914" authorityName="Barnard" authorityYear="1914" class="Malacostraca" family="Arcturidae" genus="Idarcturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Idarcturus" order="Isopoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Idarcturus Barnard, 1914</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="133" type="type species">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnard" authorityYear="1914" class="Malacostraca" family="Arcturidae" genus="Idarcturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Idarcturus platysoma" order="Isopoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="platysoma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Idarcturus platysoma</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="E62944BFA4C879716B72D703FDD7197B" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" type="type species">
<paragraph id="B06CFB89964B51CB12E562DA7796EB48" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F40D5C010F865942AB8586A49C7A2921" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
<taxonomicName id="9F9F5073CF5AD980D7E25C4E415B7366" authorityName="Barnard" authorityYear="1914" class="Malacostraca" family="Arcturidae" genus="Idarcturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Idarcturus platysoma" order="Isopoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="platysoma">
<emphasis id="6FBE3CD5F93E79A18D5FFD24378FD176" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Idarcturus platysoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Barnard, 1914, by monotype.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="133" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
<subSubSection id="8C90069993AA357EEA33C0EFEBD6113F" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="32DEBDF83B0B3E738D3FE642FD1CAF10" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="43458147C3941F9E9FD1425C51DC94BC" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
Body not or slightly geniculate, moderately flattened dorsoventrally in female, whereas cylindrical in male; pereonite IV longer than other pereonites, but not markedly elongate in both sexes, &lt;2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="32460DDEA100B2C6F3288BCA138159BF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than pereonites II and III combined. Pereopod I carpus with serrated setae on inferior margin; propodus with serrated setae and comb setae on palmar surface and inferior margin; dactylus with comb setae distally; unguis lacking. Pereopods II-IV lacking flexion between carpus and propodus; dactylus claw-like. Pleopod I, exopod with fine setae subbasally or mesally.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

View file

@ -1,314 +1,314 @@
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<mods:title id="A936775750B56A21819EE347CB36D1A3">Endemism of subterranean Diacyclops in Korea and Japan, with descriptions of seven new species of the languidoides-group and redescriptions of D. brevifurcus Ishida, 2006 and D. suoensis Ito, 1954 (Crustacea, Copepoda, Cyclopoida)</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:17419867-DAB4-433C-A66D-203E554CFA2E" class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">
<pageBreakToken pageId="47" pageNumber="48" start="start">Diacyclops</pageBreakToken>
<treatment id="0AFDA6CCAD74EA6BBEBB8BCC7A2AC031" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152040459" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:17419867-DAB4-433C-A66D-203E554CFA2E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0AFDA6CCAD74EA6BBEBB8BCC7A2AC031" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" scope_class="Copepoda" scope_family="Cyclopidae" scope_order="Cyclopoida" scope_subFamily="Cyclopinae">
<subSubSection id="C292B2B32002A9CF2DA5C02D9A3E413E" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="3FC03E22201D838D8DFD7819EAE7A024" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<taxonomicName id="208732EDF3D9C8DA1DBF3E2280C64CD9" ID-CoL="357HS" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:17419867-DAB4-433C-A66D-203E554CFA2E" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">
<pageBreakToken id="43ECB4DB685F127191CAC194C2CA7376" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" start="start">Diacyclops</pageBreakToken>
parahanguk
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="47" pageNumber="48">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="662C944730E2B12D98DABA0768773A9C" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 2325
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<subSubSection id="3B9D156F5D23424345EF2A997933EE9B" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="977770141AC9F067B960C27C93D3C859" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="38907E16FA5556F2E2886638A58B421C" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
Japan, Shiga prefecture, Otsu city, Lake Biwa, Matsunoura Beach, lake beach next to inflow of small but fast-flowing irrigation runoff canal,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="35.20532">35°12.319'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="686F452108CE806F3A2E64471D4F7EB5" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="35.20532">35°12.319'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="135.92947">135°55.768'E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="79E6CDFEBC21B6E26DA145D7A58D95D8" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="135.92947">135°55.768'E</geoCoordinate>
, interstitial water from medium to coarse sand.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Holotype female dissected on one slide (LBM1430005391), collected at type locality, 4 October 2009, leg. T. Karanovic.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="3A4416BCA8CEFA4F70F17AC9AFD0E543" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="type material">
<paragraph id="C27DF508834E6456B9B15D6410F234D1" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F02A03E3F6FFD349B7158751BCB17220" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Holotype female dissected on one slide (LBM1430005391), collected at type locality, 4 October 2009, leg. T. Karanovic.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<subSubSection id="C907B8ACA968C94BAF1647A2FF7FA757" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="C2D665C4530570DD9E03E746CFAB68F2" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="57D0A95E84B3B23127372FAB38A4757D" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
The species name is composed of the existing specific name hanguk proposed herein above (Korean for
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Korea”">&quot;Korea&quot;</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="54C20BA9F31FD151D38EBE9CEC9C55B2" originalValue="“Korea”">&quot;Korea&quot;</normalizedToken>
) and the Greek prefix para (= near, beside), and refers to the close relationship between these two congeners.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<subSubSection id="E0D07B2BDA0F808E4DF316AE5DB3FBE6" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="description">
<paragraph id="8A3235D3BDC28CCC6B798CE6D921555D" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785C394B24CDC9DE1755AB3A7CDD3FCF" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
Female (based on holotype). Total body length, measured from tip of rostrum to posterior margin of caudal rami (excluding caudal setae), 274
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="5489E4DB4B864111E494B611B8A0B4F4" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
. Preserved specimen colourless; no live specimen observed. Integument weakly sclerotised, smooth, without cuticular pits or cuticular windows. Surface ornamentation of somites consisting of 44 pairs of sensilla and pores and four unpaired (mid-dorsal) pores as in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="710A02F6E5BC707AF6DABCD2B98BE5F2" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
; no spinules except on anal somite, caudal rami, and appendages. Habitus (Fig. 23A, B) relatively robust (arrowed in Fig. 23A), strongly dorso-ventrally compressed, with all somites strongly telescopically contracted; prosome/urosome length ratio 1.5 and greatest width in dorsal view at posterior end of cephalothorax, not arched backwards between prosome and urosome. Body length/width ratio about 2.5 (dorsal view); cephalothorax 1.8 times as wide as genital double-somite. Free pedigerous somites without lateral or dorsal expansions, but with narrow and smooth hyaline fringes. Pleural areas of cephalothorax and free pedigerous somites better developed than in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="9E41D89E90D76EC8A8D7E25A310B41E1" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
, covering insertions of cephalic appendages and praecoxae and partly coxae of swimming legs in lateral view.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<paragraph id="3FFE6344EE447132427C4B9B3978A756" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
Rostrum (Fig. 23B) well developed, membranous, not demarcated at base, broadly rounded and ornamented, as in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="6197D6BC8718F13D127444605593826A" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
, with one pair of frontal sensilla (no. 1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<paragraph id="E7CB8326DE66F77C9F3291BAE7A997F9" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
Cephalothorax (Figs 23A, B, 25A) large, 1.15 times as long as its greatest width (dorsal view), widest at posterior end and oval; representing 47% of total body length (together with rostrum). Surface of cephalic shield ornamented as in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="8C8FED353F377D991578DC91A3E9548B" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
, with one unpaired dorsal pore and 25 pairs of long sensilla; sensilla pair no. 39 not asymmetrical, and pair no. 21 more widely spaced than in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="9D89CA4B44809D6A9C07268B8731F6DE" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
; sensilla and pores 39-58 belonging to first pedigerous somite, incorporated into cephalothorax.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Second pedigerous somite (Figs 23A, B) well developed, only slightly narrower than cephalothorax and tapering posteriorly, unornamented.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<paragraph id="923F7D6C8002FA23418E8646574CA2F6" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Second pedigerous somite (Figs 23A, B) well developed, only slightly narrower than cephalothorax and tapering posteriorly, unornamented.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CEFCF201E52A109479C7A7E7F1A5AAD1" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
Third pedigerous somite (Fig. 23A, B) shorter and narrower than second in dorsal view, widest at anterior end and tapering posteriorly, ornamented as in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="2968F171DCD85B815ECACF00ED6E99A2" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
, with one unpaired dorsal pore (no. I) and four pairs of large sensilla (nos. 63, 64, 72, 74).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<paragraph id="03D650902724790E2B8F56C2563ECEA6" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
Fourth pedigerous somite (Fig. 23A, B) significantly shorter and narrower than third, also tapering posteriorly, ornamented as in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="144491DAF012BE37A4B0ED89841DB48B" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
with one unpaired dorsal pore (no. II) and two pairs of large sensilla (nos. 75, 77).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<pageBreakToken pageId="48" pageNumber="49" start="start">Fifth</pageBreakToken>
<paragraph id="2C0BD992BC3DE568645008BE560AE26F" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<pageBreakToken id="954D509E126FC51E3E414E0653EFB369" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" start="start">Fifth</pageBreakToken>
pedigerous somite (Fig. 24A, B) significantly narrower than fourth pedigerous somite or genital double-somite in dorsal view, with flared latero-posterior corners, ornamented with two pairs of large dorsal sensilla (nos. 80, 81).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<pageBreakToken pageId="49" pageNumber="50" start="start">Genital</pageBreakToken>
<paragraph id="DB105350073C3BA3315CEECC7D1121B6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<pageBreakToken id="110B08EE0F7CBCDE9B053319C7ECF269" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" start="start">Genital</pageBreakToken>
double-somite (Figs 24A, B) even larger and wider (arrowed in Fig. 24A) than in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="F02F411CBECD2F2EA1F1B0C398847EBB" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
, 0.75 times as long as its greatest width (dorsal view), but with same ornamentation an similarly shaped seminal receptacle, anterior expansion of seminal receptacle with median saddle and shorter lateral arms (arrowed in Fig. 24A) than in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="5CDAB41056FD04690D12EBF4B235A7E9" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
, hyaline fringe wavy.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<paragraph id="2BC902A64D6BBBDEFBC25DF969E3C2A9" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
Third and fourth urosomites (Fig. 24A, B) as in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="3AB413392B5C3A77341A1F771DB28731" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<paragraph id="31A5A85D6E46A5E9FC81B2DF372652D4" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
Anal somite (Fig. 24A, B) also very similar to that of
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="81FF4E654D0DAFFCB570AC493CBA482F" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
, but with wider and more posteriorly produced, convex anal operculum, this reaching posterior margin of anal somite and representing 70% of anal
<normalizedToken originalValue="somites">somite's</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="D5305E3B326C5E3182B9BB1A6BA18A18" originalValue="somites">somite's</normalizedToken>
width.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<paragraph id="7839FCC387327EE0A8673398B7EC1AF1" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
Caudal rami (Fig. 24A, B) very short (arrowed in Fig. 24B), approximately 1.6 times as long as wide (ventral view) and 1.7 times as long as anal somite, almost cylindrical and parallel, inserted very close to each other (with hardly any space between), with deep dorso-median anterior depression (as continuation of anal sinus), with narrower base than rest of ramus in ventral view; armed and ornamented as in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="75520834A2FC9FA3C1189DF4F4BC942D" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
except for presence of arc of spinules at base of dorsal seta and proportionately longer dorsal seta (arrowed in Fig. 24A).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<paragraph id="A4F342CB3F8EAFA925C39B98DFA11C4F" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
Antennula (Fig. 23C) with aesthetasc on eighth segment broad and reaching posterior margin of tenth segment (arrowed in Fig. 23C); other armature, as well as segmentation, ornamentation, and size proportions of segments as in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="C54566C35FF5AA4AE3CCB6FA86EDD790" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<paragraph id="D5822931D42D0777257E223A04AB2213" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
Antenna (Fig. 23D) with segmentation and armature as in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="C03391842510187BA6090FF4D5EC788B" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
; basis twice as long as wide and ornamanted with two additional rows of spinules (arrowed in Fig. 23D); setae on second endopodal segment proportionatelly somewhat longer than in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="562472D6A8454FCA58AB1459E48E1A73" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Labrum (Fig. 23E) ornamented with two diagonal rows of 16 long and slender spinules each on anterior surface (arrowed in Fig. 23E), and with short central row of minute spinules in between; cutting edge almost straight, with 14 teeth between produced and rounded lateral corners.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<paragraph id="2F0C241BA11960E678174BA9C871F2E2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Labrum (Fig. 23E) ornamented with two diagonal rows of 16 long and slender spinules each on anterior surface (arrowed in Fig. 23E), and with short central row of minute spinules in between; cutting edge almost straight, with 14 teeth between produced and rounded lateral corners.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44EBD4179353655F730B42F0052094ED" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
Mandibula (Fig. 23F), maxillula, and maxilla (Fig. 23G) as in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="5F1A16352CF973DA6B16E02A48F4589E" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Maxilliped (Fig. 23H) with two setae on basis (arrowed in Fig. 23H) and with fewer spinules on first endopodal segment; armature formula: 2.2.1.2.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<paragraph id="A20C85286C0956363A9BC6ADF2A7E581" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Maxilliped (Fig. 23H) with two setae on basis (arrowed in Fig. 23H) and with fewer spinules on first endopodal segment; armature formula: 2.2.1.2.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D8CC9865E5244BC03703F4EB625AB7C5" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
All swimming legs (Fig. 25B, C, D, E) with same segmentation, armature, and ornamentation as in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4D24097050350481241F988EDB0F6CEE" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
, as well as proportions of most segments and armature elements; third endopodal segment of fourth leg about 0.9 times as long as wide, and 1.1 times as long as second endopodal segment; inner apical spine on third endopodal segment 1.6 times as long as outer apical spine (arrowed in Fig. 25E), about 1.3 times as long as segment, and 0.6 times as long as distal inner seta; apical spines diverging at approximately 20° angle.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<paragraph id="438165FCC00142960DC755DDF99CE51D" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
Fifth leg (Fig. 24A) with slightly smaller protopod and longer exopod than in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="6F86ABE229B0CEA5FCA77F7E060A85EB" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
; protopod rhomboidal in shape, about 0.65 times as long as greatest width and unornamented, but basal seta inserted on longer setophore; exopod 1.8 times as long as protopod and 2.5 times as long as wide; apical exopodal seta bipinnate distally, as long as basal seta, 3.2 times as long as exopod, and 4.2 times as long as subapical spine, reaching 2/3 length of genital double-somite; subapical exopodal spine strong, bipinnate, 0.8 times as long as exopod and twice as long as
<normalizedToken originalValue="exopods">exopod's</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="EBFAF23E50DE3AF909C9B49187224493" originalValue="exopods">exopod's</normalizedToken>
greatest width.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<pageBreakToken pageId="50" pageNumber="51" start="start">Sixth</pageBreakToken>
<paragraph id="F6520BE52151AC65BB3FFB88A4712BDB" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<pageBreakToken id="D3823054F042BC32201DD2E9AA40975E" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" start="start">Sixth</pageBreakToken>
leg (Fig. 24B) as in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="B5DBA47A6A9D36C19245A8241CFD6267" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Male. Not collected.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A8B339DF288FAFDCBCCE925B9F77CB9A" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Male. Not collected.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<subSubSection id="1F05886608A18D3EA6BA19B6D272E40D" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="3543E63420011E77A3F552176DBDEC97" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3ED174777DB1C2ECD495512616C4EFBE" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
As mentioned above,
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="F43C1DF665B2CAED27437CB23993E52D" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
sp. n. forms a sibling species pair with the Korean
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="D722A47DE92500D313E36E5E694CEBC7" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
sp. n.The two species can be distinguished by their habitus (wider in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="A0CC1A180057073F836969AE0D14674B" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
), armature of the maxillipedal basis (one additional seta in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="D08463238BC7F96799DDA15D5E730E8A" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
), ornamentation of the labrum (more spinules in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="AE939E33E125FA7757A4C912FE243736" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
) and the basis of the antenna (more spinules in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="58FC8EC9C937A10846E8B05AA460EC3C" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
), relative length of the aesthetasc on the eighth antennular segment (longer in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="AEEA67E313C26BA8AA46E406B1969BBF" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
), and small differences in the shape of the seminal receptacle (shorter
<pageBreakToken pageId="51" pageNumber="52" start="start">lateral</pageBreakToken>
<pageBreakToken id="2FCC935C2659AB7AE1A492D4A49D699A" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" start="start">lateral</pageBreakToken>
arms in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="232E531E2B2B91E6FA40326CBB56737E" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
), genital double-somite (wider in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="9E405931C4BC4E5F9EF4A1B542C493A5" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
), and caudal rami (shorter in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="3C0EB3916B9D693FDDACC57A5B976F0F" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
), and the relative lengths of the dorsal caudal seta (longer in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="9D77A8E3DB09C8B0770CDC663829DC5E" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
) and inner apical spine on the third endopo
<pageBreakToken pageId="52" pageNumber="53" start="start">dal</pageBreakToken>
<pageBreakToken id="05CD62F831840CB5AD56075318F7F044" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" start="start">dal</pageBreakToken>
segment of the fourth leg (longer in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="A92F8427AA662F38C775C2EC8C823C7E" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
). All these differences are marked with arrows in Figs 23-25. Also, sensilla pair no. 21 on the cephalothorax is more widely spaced in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="81940478155E953ABD494FA4B7AE0E6B" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<caption id="BF8CF3A870E6FE0EC21B4501AB92BA30" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<paragraph id="2BB6FCFA4CABFDA9A254CD3A0DB73F7B" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
Figure 23.
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="0DE4C9E4D8EFEF0E2956462D97D4D4CB" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
sp. n., holotype female: A habitus, dorsal view B habitus, lateral view C antennula, ventral view D antenna, ventral view E labrum, anterior view F mandibula without cutting edge, dorsal view G basis of maxilla, posterior view H maxilliped, posterior vew. Arabic numerals indicating sensilla and pores presumably homologous to those in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops ishidai" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ishidai">Diacyclops ishidai</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="6EFDA086C7D58BC0049944A033F72658" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops ishidai" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ishidai">Diacyclops ishidai</taxonomicName>
sp. n. Roman numerals indicating pores homologous to those in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parasuoensis" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parasuoensis">Diacyclops parasuoensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="CA89DB0165A99556D8F336E2BA25558C" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parasuoensis" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parasuoensis">Diacyclops parasuoensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. Arrows pointing most prominent specific features. Scale bars 100
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="43610C957737EF9B7D932BF0BFD4A03F" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<caption id="84F514988D183E187F1523B6946B060A" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<paragraph id="BB9029AB5C603DBB9C414296CE6B0552" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
Figure 24.
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="43336781D06FBF240C2A6A4C554F59F3" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
sp. n., holotype female: A urosome, ventral view B urosome, dorsal view. Arabic numerals indicating sensilla and pores presumably homologous to those in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops ishidai" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ishidai">Diacyclops ishidai</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="EAA288EDAAF79449D11692DA6D42C755" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops ishidai" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ishidai">Diacyclops ishidai</taxonomicName>
sp. n. Greek letters indicating pores and sensilla homologous to those in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="55A05CBD487B5D237F27E7BCA14B1310" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
sp. n. Arrows pointing most prominent specific features. Scale bar 100
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="BADFAA8126B5F69C604448CB7E8C2412" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<caption id="05BC33094B4B8EB657E02778B2A798E1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<paragraph id="65C66E4C407287258AD74D864C98FA2B" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
Figure 25.
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="ED03D556A3A11BE450A6C38A819FF611" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
sp. n., holotype female: A cephalothorax, dorsal view B first swimming leg, anterior view C endopod of second swimming leg, anterior view D third swimming leg, anterior view E fourth swimming leg, anterior view. Arabic numerals indicating sensilla and pores presumably homologous to those in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops ishidai" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ishidai">Diacyclops ishidai</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="AF13830FE7034EF9D50596E55731B71F" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops ishidai" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ishidai">Diacyclops ishidai</taxonomicName>
sp. n. Greek letters indicating pores and sensilla homologous to those in
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="ED879115640E1853251C6F95E4E02389" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
sp. n. Arrows pointing most prominent specific features. Scale bars 100
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="F18C62F0BC61E579F41074BB048155BA" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<caption id="802DDA215A427031970B456ECBF6FD06" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<paragraph id="2910714E60E107A25FA410A30C82DD2F" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
Figure 26. Scanning electron micrographs,
<normalizedToken originalValue="AC">A-C</normalizedToken>
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops ishidai" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ishidai">Diacyclops ishidai</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="A4EABF0F5F2950CB11E4B81C0EB70C1A" originalValue="AC">A-C</normalizedToken>
<taxonomicName id="2931AB2EF0965C154B59F2A77CDC5B7F" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops ishidai" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ishidai">Diacyclops ishidai</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
<normalizedToken originalValue="DE">D-E</normalizedToken>
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parasuoensis" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parasuoensis">Diacyclops parasuoensis</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="03A600E414AF6E8EAEFC93FC2DDFFFA4" originalValue="DE">D-E</normalizedToken>
<taxonomicName id="AAE8D5ACEA111303CF5E945E689FE9E4" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parasuoensis" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parasuoensis">Diacyclops parasuoensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. F
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops suoensis" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suoensis">Diacyclops suoensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="D707FBD23E9CCAA2E800B6A41C1134DF" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops suoensis" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suoensis">Diacyclops suoensis</taxonomicName>
Ito, 1954: A anal somite and caudal rami, dorsal view, paratype female 1 B preanal and anal somites, lateral view, paratype female 2 C last two exopodal segments of second swimming legs, lateral view, paratype female 2 D anal somite and caudal rami, lateral view, paratype female E sixth leg, lateral view, paratype female F labrum and maxillulae, ventral view. Scale bars 20
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="522EC291715DFA5EBABC5E1FC9462DFC" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(A, B, D, F) and 10
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="2F091E5FAF66DBC25EB9EC59F333AE33" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(C, E).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<caption id="A9A452521FA0CCBA792F322961051440" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<paragraph id="DBA429F05A185081263CE39E322C596E" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
Figure 27. Light photograph of four sympatric Korean species of the
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops (Acanthocyclops)" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Acanthocyclops">Diacyclops/Acanthocyclops</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="75EE84B8C3093895D5CD413929DE084C" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops (Acanthocyclops)" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Acanthocyclops">Diacyclops/Acanthocyclops</taxonomicName>
complex from Seomjin River: A
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Acanthocyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthocyclops sensitivus" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sensitivus">Acanthocyclops sensitivus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="E35AAB0CD9DA7A0156FF968C7154C7A4" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Acanthocyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthocyclops sensitivus" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sensitivus">Acanthocyclops sensitivus</taxonomicName>
(Graeter &amp; Chappuis, 1914), two adult females B
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops languidoides subsp. spelaeus var. l" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="languidoides" subSpecies="spelaeus" variety="l">Diacyclops languidoides s.l</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="96505D8505AD9963DCC723B03558963A" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops languidoides subsp. spelaeus var. l" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="languidoides" subSpecies="spelaeus" variety="l">Diacyclops languidoides s.l</taxonomicName>
. (Lilljeborg, 1901), two adult females C
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parasuoensis" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parasuoensis">Diacyclops parasuoensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="971D80A712A9EB1444799CC3E568115F" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parasuoensis" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parasuoensis">Diacyclops parasuoensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n., two adult females D
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="8FFD5F6AD43683745C90C6B9C24FDA24" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
sp. n., two adult females.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<caption id="2BD3E196112F0443A0A22E89812DE61D" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<paragraph id="DC9D52F71F07B40E1F8A379F07FAC8BC" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
Figure 28. Distribution of East Asian endemic species from the languidoides-group of the genus
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diacyclops</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="5E97985FD0E28CB080C6FEB388764239" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diacyclops</taxonomicName>
Kiefer, 1927: 1
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops ishidai" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ishidai">Diacyclops ishidai</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="8D13EF7D9FA32DEA5E0DCDE77E92A113" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops ishidai" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ishidai">Diacyclops ishidai</taxonomicName>
sp. n. 2
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops brevifurcus" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevifurcus">Diacyclops brevifurcus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="5E07968F2FECE10966101F3F574DC323" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops brevifurcus" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevifurcus">Diacyclops brevifurcus</taxonomicName>
Ishida, 2006 3
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parasuoensis" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parasuoensis">Diacyclops parasuoensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="194BF8DF9B161AABFD766A6CC500C347" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parasuoensis" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parasuoensis">Diacyclops parasuoensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. 4
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops suoensis" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suoensis">Diacyclops suoensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="20903D1920182787530D3AEC0621A09A" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops suoensis" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suoensis">Diacyclops suoensis</taxonomicName>
Ito, 1954 5
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops pseudosuoensis" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudosuoensis">Diacyclops pseudosuoensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="DD0352742165F15C1C2A4B79A37F6C46" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops pseudosuoensis" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudosuoensis">Diacyclops pseudosuoensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. 6
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hisuta" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hisuta">Diacyclops hisuta</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="A7B2D9AE94BB08E46E40A3D56AEACAE6" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hisuta" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hisuta">Diacyclops hisuta</taxonomicName>
sp. n. 7
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops leeae" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leeae">Diacyclops leeae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="C19386DD49EE61E76AA8F5E1AB51D681" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops leeae" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leeae">Diacyclops leeae</taxonomicName>
sp. n. 8
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="B050D915AD9C6E58B1A3B70CF758AE14" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops hanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanguk">Diacyclops hanguk</taxonomicName>
sp. n. 9
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="94B944DEECDD858FD18BB319F35F3FAE" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops parahanguk" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parahanguk">Diacyclops parahanguk</taxonomicName>
sp. n. 10
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops japonicus" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">Diacyclops japonicus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4FF62E869EE2C49127381532F3FB1A2B" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Diacyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diacyclops japonicus" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">Diacyclops japonicus</taxonomicName>
Ito, 1952. Note that some numbers represent more than one locality. Map from Google Earth.
</paragraph>
</caption>